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685 results on '"Ramírez I"'

9. Seabird bycatch in European waters.

Author

Ramírez, I., Mitchell, D., Vulcano, A., Rouxel, Y., Marchowski, D., Almeida, A., Arcos, J. M., Cortes, V., Lange, G., Morkūnas, J., Oliveira, N., and Paiva, V. H.

Subjects
*CONVENTION on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, *NUMBERS of species, *FISHERIES, *GILLNETTING, *ACQUISITION of data
Abstract

The incidental capture (bycatch) of seabirds is a global conservation issue and a top threat to European species that demands urgent conservation and management action. Here, we present the first European review of seabird bycatch data, considering all fishing gears and data collection methods available in the region. We calculate seabird bycatch numbers per species, family, country and European marine region and assess the reliability of the data available. The cumulative bycatch estimate extracted from this review suggests that about 195,000 seabirds (ranging from around 130,000 to 380,000) are bycaught in European waters annually. The most affected seabird species is the Common Guillemot Uria aalge with over 31,000 birds killed per year. The marine region with the highest bycatch estimate is the Northeast Atlantic (over 115,000 seabirds year−1). Gillnet fisheries are responsible for the highest bycatch levels, with over 95,000 seabirds year−1, followed by longline fisheries. The families most affected by bycatch are Anatidae and Alcidae. These numbers are likely an underestimation since we were unable to find bycatch estimates, or to extrapolate estimates from available bycatch data for 12 (out of 34) European coastal states. Our assessment also identified significant data gaps in key areas such as Gran Sol (in the north‐east Atlantic), the central and Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Combining systematic data collection with immediate implementation of mitigation measures will be crucial to fill in knowledge gaps, reduce current mortality levels and meet international conservation commitments such as those of the European Union and the Convention on Migratory Species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. The making of dendroclimatological knowledge : a symmetrical account of trust and scepticism in science

Author

Ramírez-i-Ollé, Meritxell, Sturdy, Steve, and Frow, Emma

Subjects
551.6, sociology of scientific knowledge, dendroclimatology, trust, scepticism
Abstract

This thesis presents an empirical study of dendroclimatology, with the purpose of contributing to a wider understanding of the way scientists generate knowledge about climate change. Dendroclimatology is a science that produces knowledge about past climates from the analysis of tree growth. For two years, I have studied the work of a group of dendroclimatologists, joining them on fieldwork and sampling expeditions in the Scottish Highlands, observing how they generate data from tree samples to reconstruct past temperatures in Scotland and examining how they have mobilised a Scottish temperature reconstruction in a scientific debate over historical changes in climate. This thesis develops two parallel narratives about the practice of making dendroclimatological knowledge and the roles of trust and scepticism in this process. In describing how dendroclimatologists work to extract information about past climates from trees, I identify the importance of trust relationships and scepticism at each stage of their work. I conduct a symmetrical analysis of both trust and scepticism in science. In the past, scholars studying science have emphasised the critical role of either trust or scepticism in the construction of scientific knowledge, and have paid relatively little attention to examining the relationship between the two. In my study, I demonstrate that scepticism is part of the ordinary practice of dendroclimatology, and that scepticism in normal science (which I call “civil scepticism”) is fundamentally dependent (or “parasitic”) on existing trust relationships established through a variety of means. Dendroclimatologists engage in intimate interactions and mutual scrutiny of each other’s competence throughout the work they do in the field and in the laboratory, and they build upon and expand these trust relationships to create and defend climate reconstructions. I show that dendroclimatologists sustain trust relationships in part by demonstrating that they are competent sceptics (which I call “sceptical display”) and, in part by provisionally suspending their scepticism to permit agreement on what constitutes valid dendroclimatological knowledge. I also analyse how these internal practices of scepticism and agreement are influenced by sceptical challenges from actors external to the dendroclimatology community, including challenges grounded in similar trust relationships (a further instance of civil scepticism) and challenges that are not (which I call “uncivil scepticism”). I conclude that dendroclimatological knowledge is only possible as a result of contingent social negotiations over the distribution of trust and the boundaries of a trusting community.

Published
2016

19. Host‐plant sex and phenology of Buddleja cordata Kunth interact to influence arthropod communities.

Author

González‐Ramírez, I., López‐Gómez, V., Cano‐Santana, Z., Romero Pérez, A., and Hernández Cumplido, J.

Subjects
*DIMORPHISM in plants, *SOCIAL influence, *SEXUAL dimorphism, *PLANT phenology, *PHENOLOGY, *PLANT variation
Abstract

Intraspecific variation in plants is expected to have profound impacts on the arthropod communities associated with them. Because sexual dimorphism in plants is expected to provide consistent variation among individuals of the same species, researchers have often studied the effect it has on associated arthropods. Nevertheless, most studies have focused on the effect of sexual dimorphism in a single or a few herbivores, thus overlooking the potential effects on the whole arthropod community. Our main objective was to evaluate effects of Buddleja cordata's plant‐sex on its associated arthropod community. We surveyed 13 pairs of male and female plants every 2 months during a year (June 2010 to April 2011). Every sampling date, we measured plant traits (water content and leaf thickness), herbivory, and the arthropod community. We did not find differences in herbivory between plant sex or through time. However, we found differences in water content through time, with leaf water‐content matching the environmental seasonality. For arthropod richness, we found 68 morphospecies associated with female and 72 with male plants, from which 53 were shared by both sexes. We did not observe differences in morphospecies richness; however, we found sex‐associated differences in the diversity of all species and differences on the diversity of the most abundant species with an interesting temporal component. During peak flowering season, male plants showed higher values on both parameters, but during the peak fructification season female plants showed the higher values on both diversity parameters. Our research exemplifies the interaction between plant‐phenology and plant‐sex as drivers of arthropod communities' diversity, even when plant sexual‐dimorphism is inconspicuous, and highlighting the importance of accounting for seasonal variation. We stress the need of conducting more studies that test this time‐dependent framework in other dioecious systems, as it has the potential to reconcile previous contrasting observations reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Estimation of predation rate and handling time of boll weevil larvae by Marava arachidis (Dermaptera: Labiidae) using different mathematical methods.

Author

Silva Neto, J. G., Silva, T. G. F., Salustino, A. S., Leite, E. L., Abreu, K. G., Silva, A. S., Batista, J. L., Brito, C. H., Araújo, E. K., Cândido, B. A. P., Silva, I. V. I., Viagem, C. R. S. M., Ramírez, I. M. Buenaventura, Neto, D. F. Correia, and Malaquias, J. B.

Subjects
GOODNESS-of-fit tests, PREDATION, EARWIGS, LOGISTIC regression analysis, LARVAE
Abstract

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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39. VAMOS: A pathfinder for the HAWC gamma-ray observatory

Author

Abeysekara, A.U., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Álvarez, J.D., Ángeles, F., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J.C., Avila-Aroche, A., Ayala Solares, H.A., Badillo, C., Barber, A.S., Baughman, B.M., Bautista-Elivar, N., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Belmont, E., Benítez, E., BenZvi, S.Y., Berley, D., Bernal, A., Bonilla Rosales, M., Braun, J., Caballero-Lopez, R.A., Caballero-Mora, K.S., Cabrera, I., Carramiñana, A., Castañeda-Martínez, L., Castillo, M., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de la Fuente, E., De León, C., DeYoung, T., Diaz-Azuara, A., Diaz-Cruz, L., Diaz Hernandez, R., Díaz-Vélez, J.C., Dingus, B.L., Dultzin, D., DuVernois, M.A., Ellsworth, R.W., Fernandez, A., Fiorino, D.W., Fraija, N., Galindo, A., García-Torales, G., Garfias, F., González, A., González, L.X., González, M.M., Goodman, J.A., Grabski, V., Gussert, M., Guzmán-Cerón, C., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J.P., Hernández-Cervantes, L., Hui, C.M., Hüntemeyer, P., Imran, A., Iriarte, A., Karn, P., Kieda, D., Kunde, G.J., Langarica, R., Lara, A., Lara, G., Lauer, R.J., Lee, W.H., Lennarz, D., León Vargas, H., Linares, E.C., Linnemann, J.T., Longo, M., Luna-Garcia, R., Marinelli, A., Martínez, L.A., Martínez, H., Martínez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Martos, M., Matthews, J.A.J., McEnery, J., Mendoza Torres, E., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nava, J., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Oceguera-Becerra, T., Page, D.P., Patricelli, B., Pelayo, R., Pérez-Pérez, E.G., Pretz, J., Ramírez, I., Rentería, A., Rivière, C., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Sala, F., Ruiz-Velasco, E.L., Ryan, J., Sacahui, J.R., Salazar, H., Salesa, F., Sandoval, A., Santos, E., Schneider, M., Silich, S., Sinnis, G., Smith, A.J., Sparks Woodle, K., Springer, R.W., Suarez, F., Taboada, I., Tepe, A., Toale, P.A., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Tinoco, S., Ukwatta, T.N., Valdés Galicia, J.F., Vanegas, P., Vázquez, A., Villaseñor, L., Wall, W., Weisgarber, T., Westerhoff, S., Wisher, I.G., Wood, J., Yodh, G.B., Younk, P.W., Zaborov, D., Zepeda, A., and Zhou, H.

Published
2015
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47. Analysis of stroke care resources in Spain in 2012: Have we benefitted from the Spanish Health System's stroke care strategy?

Author

López Fernández, J.C., Masjuan Vallejo, J., Arenillas Lara, J., Blanco González, M., Botia Paniagua, E., Casado Naranjo, I., Deyá Arbona, E., Escribano Soriano, B., Freijo Guerrero, M.M., Fuentes, B., Gállego Cullere, J., Geffners Sclarskyi, D., Gil Núñez, A., Gómez Escalonilla, C., Lago Martin, A., Legarda Ramírez, I., Maciñeiras Montero, J.L., Maestre Moreno, J., Moniche Álvarez, F., Muñoz Arrondo, R., Purroy García, F., Ramírez Moreno, J.M., Rebollo Álvarez Amandix, M., Roquer, J., Rubio Borrego, F., Segura, T., Serrano Ponza, M., Tejada García, J., Tejero Juste, C., and Vidal Sánchez, J.A.

Published
2014
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