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1. Distribution, Invasion History, and Ecology of Non-native Pine Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Southern South America

Author

Lantschner, Victoria, Gomez, Demian F., Vilardo, Gimena, Stazione, Leonel, Ramos, Sergio, Eskiviski, Edgar, Fachinetti, Romina, Schiappacassi, Marcela, Vallejos, Natalia, Germano, Monica, Villacide, José, Grilli, Mariano P., Martinez, Gonzalo, Ahumada, Rodrigo, Estay, Sergio A., Dumois, Ignacio, and Corley, Juan

Published
2024
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4. Individualised, perioperative open-lung ventilation strategy during one-lung ventilation (iPROVE-OLV): a multicentre, randomised, controlled clinical trial

Author

Spadaro, Savino, Scaramuzzo, Gaetano, Cervantes, Oriol, Parera, Ana, Argilaga, Marta, Herranz, Gracia, Unzueta, Carmen, Vives, Marc, Regi, Kevin, Costa-Reverte, Marta, Leal, Maria Sonsoles, Ramasco, Fernando, Nieves-Alonso, Jesús, García, Esther, Suárez-Sipmann, Fernando, Rodríguez-Pérez, Aurelio, Fariña, Roberto, Cabrera, Sergio, Guerra, Elisabeth, Gallego-Ligorit, Lucia, Herrero-Izquierdo, Alba, Vallés-Torres, J, Piñeiro, Patricia, Garutti, Ignacio, Ramos, Silvia, López-Herrera, Daniel, De La Matta, Manuel, Gokhan, Sertcakacilar, Kucur, Evrim, Mugarra, Ana, Belda, Francisco Javier, Soro, Marina, García, Laura, Sastre, Jose Alfonso, Aguirre, Pilar, Jimena-Salazar, Claudia, Ramos, María Carolina, Trespalacios, Ramón, Ezequiel-Fernández, Féliz, Mirabella, Lucia, Lamanna, Angella, Cantatore, Leonarda P, Laforogia, Donato, Bellas, Soledad, López, Carlos, Carramiñana, Albert, Navarro-Ripoll, Ricard, Martínez, Samira, Vallverdú, Jordi, Jacas, Adriana, Ferrando, Carlos, Yepes-Temiño, Maria José, Librero, Julián, Tusman, Gerardo, Villar, Jesús, Martinez, Selene, Azparren, Gonzalo, Bausili, Marc, Torres, Silvia, Díaz, María, Ricart, Ana, Gascó, Iñaki, Parramon, Fina, Sanz-Iturbe, Maite, García-Ballester, Sara, Méndez-Arias, Esther, Cabadas, Rafael, Grosso, Laura, Becerra, Ángel, Hussein, Zoraya, Sanjuán-Villarreal, T Alberto, Puértolas, María, Izquierdo-Villarroya, Blanca, Almajano, Rosa, Romero, Blanca, Colomina, Lorena, Quesada, Natividad, Latorre, José Antonio, Franco, José Antonio, Laval, Anaïs, García-Tirado, Javier, Embún, Raúl, Bueno, Cristina, Jarén, Paula, Martínez-Serrano, Raquel, García-Latasa, Beatriz, Baquedano, Sonia, Motilva, Begoña, Hernando, Belén, Herrero, Miriam, Oliver-Forniés, Pablo, Recuero, José Luis, Carbó-Espinosa, Fernando, Lucas, Alejandro, Muñoz-González, Nadia, Lafuente, Noelia, Acosta-Martínez, Jesús, Ragazzi, Riccardo, Volta, Carlo Alberto, Maniscalco, Pio, Arribas, María Pilar, de Celis, María Isabel, Pascual, María Jesús, Martínez, Pedro, Martínez, Olga, Repáraz, José Ramón, Domínguez, David, Fernández, Marta, Sánchez, Víctor, Pérez-Lozana, Blanca, Martín, Eliseba, Fernández, David, González, Adrian, Pico, Jandro, El-Hefny, Dalia Ahmed, Armengol, Laura, Comino, Óscar, Rovira, Irene, Arguis, María José, Matute, Purificación, Carretero, María José, Ibáñez, Cristina, Perdomo, Juan, Ruiz, Cristina, González, Nel, González, Miren, Bolado, Ana, Trabanco, Sonia, Largo, Ángela, Maestro, Alejandro, Pascual, Ángela, Reyes, Adriana Ixquic, Bartolomé, María José, Williams, Mónica Mercedes, del Olmo, Pablo, Cimadevilla, Bonifacio, Pardo, Sara, Sancho, Laura, Lascorz, Laura, Carbonell, José Antonio, Hurtado, Luis, Florea, Raluca, Martínez-Castro, Sara, Monleón, Berta, Pérez, Sara, Jurado, Ana, Barcena, Elizabeth, Segura, Nasara, Cuervo, Javier, Belmonte, Luis, Pardo, Pablo, Utrera, Esther, Serralta, Ferran, Parra, María José, Arocas, Blanca, Gutiérrez, Andrea, Cruz-Pardos, Patricia, de la Gala-García, Francisco, Sánchez-Pedrosa, Guillermo, Duque-González, Patricia, De La Fuente-Tornero, Elena, Puig-Ramos, Ángela, García-Hernández, Santiago, Martínez-Gascueña, David, Calvo-García, Carlos Alberto, Reyes-Fierro, Almudena, Novoa-Lago, Emma, Anaya-Camacho, Rafael, Monteserín-Matesanz, Cristina, Martínez-Merino, Nuria, Arnalich-Montiel, Ana, Pizarro-Calderón, Ana Gloria, Ruiz-Ortega, Adela, Benito-Saz, Pilar, Rodríguez, Adoración Elvira, García-Bünger, Beatriz, García-Ramos, Sergio, López-Gil, Elena, Power-Esteban, Mercedes, Ramos-Fernándes, Rafael, Sevilla-Bayón, Raúl, Solchaga-Sánchez, Isabel, Tullo, Livio, Gambetti, Guido, Carrideo, Antonio, Morelli, Alessandra, Aiello, Davide, Spiga, Stefania, Sonsoles Leal, María, Sastre, José Alfonso, Salazar, Claudia Jimena, Morocho, Diego Rolando, Ezequiel-Fernández, Félix, Pia Cantatore, Leonarda, Laforgia, Donato, and Yepes-Temiño, María José

Published
2024
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7. Educational Technologies in China: Pre- and Post-Pandemic Lessons

Author

European Commission (Belgium), Joint Research Centre (JRC), Feijóo, Claudio, Arenal, Alberto, Armuña, Cristina, Ramos, Sergio, and Fernández, Javier

Abstract

China is leading in the application of new digital technologies in education. The market is young, albeit highly competitive, as parents willingly adopt any technological innovation that could help their children, and schools as well, since they are judged on their pupils' success. To foster such a flourishing, there is a wealth of available data under a loose regulatory framework, growing technical expertise and massive public funding and hands-on support. However, structural barriers for educational technologies do exist, such as the pre-eminence granted to admission exams for students above anything else, or an insufficient critical mass of AI talent and deployment. Aware of these limitations, the Chinese administration promotes changes in local education systems that are later extended nationally if they prove to be successful. What happened to the education field during the COVID-19 confinement in China encompasses a vibrant display of public and private initiatives that led to what every expert called a 'boom time' for educational technologies. This report presents in detail the educational technologies ecosystem in China and, from there, analyses the learning outcomes of the pandemic days and potential learnings of significance to Europe. Thus, for instance, China's pursuit of decreasing the education divide between areas lacking infrastructures and urban zones could create economies of scale for affordable and technologically advanced innovations that can be inspirational for Europe. [This report was edited by Marcelino Cabrera, Ioannis Maghiros, Yves Punie, and Riina Vuorikari ]

Published
2021
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8. Fishmeal replacement using housefly larvae meal as protein ingredient in balanced feeds for bullfrog tadpoles and froglets (Lithobates catesbeianus)

Author

De León-Ramírez, Jesús Josafat, García-Trejo, Juan Fernando, Sosa-Ferreyra, Carlos Francisco, Martínez-Ramos, Sergio Alonso, Chávez-Jaime, Ruth, and Robles-Bustos, Diego Arné

Subjects
alternative feed, frog culture, productive performance, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

This research evaluates the use of housefly larvae meal (HLM) as an alternative protein replacing fishmeal (FM) present in feeds for bullfrog tadpoles and froglets. The treatments consisted of the formulation of four feeds for tadpole stage with 30% of protein and four inclusion percentages of HLM (T300 – 0%; T3025 – 25%; T3050 – 50%; T3075 – 75%). Like- wise, for pre-fattening stage (froglet), four feeds with 40% of protein and the same inclusion percentages of HLM were managed (T400 – 0%; T4025 – 25%; T4050 – 50%; T4075 – 75%). Weight gain (WG), survival rate (SR), feed conversion rate (FCR), protein efficiency rate (PER) and metamorphosis pro- cess (start and duration) were established as response variables. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. The results suggest that in the tadpole stage T3025 contributes more to weight gain (4401.39 ±36.66%) and metamorphosis process (started at 35 ±0.5 and duration of 169 ±7 hours). On the other hand, T3050 did not show differences with respect to T300 for WG and start of meta- morphosis. In the pre-fattening stage, treatments T400 and T4025 presented outstanding values in WG (154.13 ±5.91 and 149.80 ±6.33%, respectively) and SR (88.3 ±1.2 and 87.6 ±1.5%, respectively). Finally, considering the productive performance at the end of both stages, the diets with 0 and 25% inclusion of HLM did not show differences for the variables of WG, FCR and PER. The values obtained suggest that HLM has nutritional characteristics that allow it to replace fishmeal between 25–50% in the formulation of balanced feeds for bullfrog culture.

Published
2022
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9. Klotho expression in peripheral blood circulating cells is associated with vascular and systemic inflammation in atherosclerotic vascular disease

Author

Martín-Núñez, Ernesto, Pérez-Castro, Atteneri, Tagua, Víctor G., Hernández-Carballo, Carolina, Ferri, Carla, Pérez-Delgado, Nayra, Rodríguez-Ramos, Sergio, Cerro-López, Purificación, López-Castillo, Ángel, Delgado-Molinos, Alejandro, López-Tarruella, Victoria Castro, Arévalo-Gómez, Miguel A., González-Luis, Ainhoa, Martín-Olivera, Alberto, Morales-Estévez, Carmen Chaxiraxi, Mora-Fernández, Carmen, Donate-Correa, Javier, and Navarro-González, Juan F.

Published
2022
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12. Effects of anther‐stigma position on cross‐pollination efficiency in a hermaphroditic plant.

Author

Baranzelli, Matias C., Ochoa‐Sánchez, Manuel, Ramos, Sergio E., Baena‐Díaz, Fernanda, Sosenski, Paula, Boege, Karina, Domínguez, Cesar A., and Fornoni, Juan

Subjects
GENETIC correlations, POLLINATION, GENETIC variation, POLLEN, STAMEN, ANTHER
Abstract

Premise: Evolution of cross‐pollination efficiency depends on the genetic variation of flower traits, the pollen vector, and flower trait matching between pollen donors and recipients. Trait matching has been almost unexplored among nonheterostylous species, and we examined whether the match of anther length in pollen donors and stigma length in pollen recipients influences the efficiency of cross‐pollination. To explore potential constraints for evolutionary response, we also quantified genetic variation and covariation among sepal length, petal length and width, stamen length, style length, and herkogamy. Methods: We created 58 experimental arrays of Turnera velutina that varied in the extent of mismatch in the position of anthers and stigmas between single‐flowered plants. Genetic variation and correlations among flower traits were estimated under greenhouse conditions. Results: Style length, but not herkogamy, influenced the efficiency of cross‐pollination. Plants with stamen length that matched the style length of other plants were more efficient pollen donors, whereas those with the style protruding above the stamens of other plants were more efficient pollen recipients. Significant broad‐sense heritability (0.22 > hB2 < 0.42) and moderate genetic correlations (0.33 > r < 0.85) among floral traits were detected. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that anther‐stigma mismatch between flowers contributed to variation in the efficiency of cross‐pollination. The genetic correlations between stamen length and other floral traits suggests that any change in cross‐pollination efficiency would be driven by changes in style rather than in stamen length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. FGF23 as a Potential Pathophysiological Factor in Peripheral Arterial Disease Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Author

Donate-Correa, Javier, Martín-Núñez, Ernesto, Hernández-Carballo, Carolina, González-Luis, Ainhoa, Mora-Fernández, Carmen, Martín-Olivera, Alberto, Rodríguez-Ramos, Sergio, Cerro-López, Purificación, López-Castillo, Ángel, Delgado-Molinos, Alejandro, López-Tarruella, Victoria Castro, and Navarro-González, Juan F.

Subjects
CHRONIC kidney failure, PERIPHERAL vascular diseases, FIBROBLAST growth factors, TUMOR necrosis factors, C-reactive protein, INFLAMMATORY mediators, METALLOPROTEINASES, TERIPARATIDE
Abstract

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are often elevated in chronic kidney disease (CKD). FGF23 and inflammation are common characteristics in CKD, and both are associated with worse disease progression and the occurrence of complications. The existence of an interaction between FGF23 and inflammation has been suggested, each of which influences the expression and activity of the other, leading to a vicious feedback loop with adverse outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and mortality. In this work, we determined circulating FGF23 levels in a group of patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 subjected to elective femoral endarterectomy due to established peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition resulting from an athero-inflammatory process, and we studied its associations with different inflammatory markers and mediators. We evaluated its association with serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL) 6, and IL10, as well as with the gene expression levels of these parameters and A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein (ADAM) 17 in femoral vascular tissue and peripheral blood circulating cells (PBCCs). We also analyzed its association with serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Finally, we determined the vascular immunoreactivity of protein TNFα in a subgroup of patients. FGF23 concentrations were independently associated with circulating and PBCC mRNA levels of TNFα. Worst kidney function and diabetes were also found to be contributing to FGF23 levels. Patients with higher levels of FGF23 also had greater vascular immunoreactivity for TNFα. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Screening of leaf extraction and storage conditions for eco‐metabolomics studies.

Author

Lang, Jakob, Ramos, Sergio E., Smohunova, Marharyta, Bigler, Laurent, and Schuman, Meredith C.

Subjects
LIQUID-liquid extraction, PLANT metabolites, PLANT cells & tissues, PLANT metabolism, FIELD research, CORN
Abstract

Mass spectrometry‐based plant metabolomics is frequently used to identify novel natural products or study the effect of specific treatments on a plant's metabolism. Reliable sample handling is required to avoid artifacts, which is why most protocols mandate shock freezing of plant tissue in liquid nitrogen and an uninterrupted cooling chain. However, the logistical challenges of this approach make it infeasible for many ecological studies. Especially for research in the tropics, permanent cooling poses a challenge, which is why many of those studies use dried leaf tissue instead. We screened a total of 10 extraction and storage approaches for plant metabolites extracted from maize leaf tissue across two cropping seasons to develop a methodology for agroecological studies in logistically challenging tropical locations. All methods were evaluated based on changes in the metabolite profile across a 2‐month storage period at different temperatures with the goal of reproducing the metabolite profile of the living plant as closely as possible. We show that our newly developed on‐site liquid–liquid extraction protocol provides a good compromise between sample replicability, extraction efficiency, material logistics, and metabolite profile stability. We further discuss alternative methods which showed promising results and feasibility of on‐site sample handling for field studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Soapstone reinforced hydroxyapatite coatings for biomedical applications

Author

Moreira Mota, Laureana, Nilson Nunes Nicomedes, Daniel, Moreira Barboza, Ana Paula, Lima de Moraes Ramos, Sérgio Luís, Vasconcellos, Rebecca, Vieira Medrado, Nathanael, Costa de Alvarenga, Érika, Machado, Giovanna, R.C. Juste, Karyne, de Vasconcelos, Cláudia Karina, Righi, Ariete, Matte Manhabosco, Sara, Ribeiro Resende, Rodrigo, Campos Batista, Ronaldo Junio, dos Santos Soares, Jaqueline, and Matte Manhabosco, Taíse

Published
2020
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22. Influence of the length of hospitalisation in post-discharge outcomes in patients with acute heart failure: Results of the LOHRCA study

Author

Miró, Òscar, Padrosa, Joan, Takagi, Koji, Gayat, Étienne, Gil, Víctor, Llorens, Pere, Martín-Sánchez, Francisco Javier, Herrero-Puente, Pablo, Jacob, Javier, Montero, María Mir, Tost, Josep, Díez, María Pilar López, Traveria, Lissete, Torres-Gárate, Raquel, Alonso, María Isabel, Agüera, Carmen, Valero, Amparo, Javaloyes, Patricia, Peacock, W. Frank, Bueno, Héctor, Mebazaa, Alexandre, Fuentes, Marta, Gil, Cristina, Alonso, Héctor, Garmila, Pablo, García, Guillermo Llopis, Yáñez-Palma, María Cecilia, López, Sergio Iglesias, Escoda, Rosa, Xipell, Carolina, Sánchez, Carolina, Gaytan, Josep María, Pérez-Durá, María José, Salvo, Eva, Pavón, José, Noval, Antonio, Torres, José Manuel, López-Grima, María Luisa, Juan, Marian Ángeles, Aguirre, Alfons, Morales, Julián Errasti, Masó, Silvia Mínguez, Ruiz, Francisco, Franco, José Miguel, Mecina, Ana Belén, Sánchez, Susana, Carbajosa, Virginia, Piñera, Pascual, Nicolás, José Andrés Sánchez, Garate, Raquel Torres, Alquezar, Aitor, Rizzi, Miguel Alberto, Herrera, Sergio, Roset, Alex, Cabello, Irene, Richard, Fernando, Pérez, José María Álvarez, Diez, María Pilar López, Álvarez, Joaquín Vázquez, García, Belén Prieto, Sánchez González, María García García yMarta, Marquina, Víctor, Jiménez, Inmaculada, Hernández, Néstor, Brouzet, Benjamín, Ramos, Sergio, López, Ana, Andueza, Juan Antonio, Romero, Rodolfo, Ruíz, Martín, Calvache, Roberto, Lorca, María Teresa, Calderón, Luis, Arriaga, Beatriz Amores, Sierra, Beatriz, Mojarro, Enrique Martín, Bécquer, Lisette Travería, Burillo, Guillermo, García, Lluís Llauger, LaSalle, Gerard Corominas, Urbano, Carmen Agüera, Soto, Ana Belén García, Padial, Elisa Delgado, Ferrer, Ester Soy, Garrido, Manuel, Lucas, Francisco Javier, Gaya, Rut, Bibiano, Carlos, Mir, María, Rodríguez, Beatriz, Sánchez, Natalia, Carballo, José Luis, Rodríguez-Adrada, Esther, and Rodríguez, Belén

Published
2019
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25. Further delineation of neuropsychiatric findings in Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome due to disease-causing variants in DNMT3A: seven new patients

Author

Tenorio, Jair, Alarcón, Pablo, Arias, Pedro, Dapía, Irene, García-Miñaur, Sixto, Palomares Bralo, María, Campistol, Jaume, Climent, Salvador, Valenzuela, Irene, Ramos, Sergio, Monseny, Antonio Martínez, Grondona, Fermina López, Botet, Javier, Serrano, Mercedes, Solís, Mario, Santos-Simarro, Fernando, Álvarez, Sara, Teixidó-Tura, Gisela, Fernández Jaén, Alberto, Gordo, Gema, Bardón Rivera, María Belén, Nevado, Julián, Hernández, Alicia, Cigudosa, Juan C., Ruiz-Pérez, Víctor L., Tizzano, Eduardo F., and Lapunzina, Pablo

Published
2020
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32. One maternal lineage leads the expansion of Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae) in the New and Old Worlds

Author

Machado, Dayanna do N., Costa, Ervandil C., Guedes, Jerson V. C., Barbosa, Leonardo R., Martínez, Gonzalo, Mayorga, Sandra I., Ramos, Sergio O., Branco, Manuela, Garcia, André, Vanegas-Rico, Juan Manuel, Jiménez-Quiroz, Eduardo, Laudonia, Stefania, Novoselsky, Tania, Hodel, Donald R., Arakelian, Gevork, Silva, Horacio, Perini, Clérison R., Valmorbida, Ivair, Ugalde, Gustavo A., and Arnemann, Jonas A.

Published
2020
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33. Frentizole, a Nontoxic Immunosuppressive Drug, and Its Analogs Display Antitumor Activity via Tubulin Inhibition.

Author

Ramos, Sergio, Vicente-Blázquez, Alba, López-Rubio, Marta, Gallego-Yerga, Laura, Álvarez, Raquel, and Peláez, Rafael

Subjects
*IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents, *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents, *TUBULINS, *ANTIMITOTIC agents, *POISONS, *ERIBULIN
Abstract

Antimitotic agents are one of the more successful types of anticancer drugs, but they suffer from toxicity and resistance. The application of approved drugs to new indications (i.e., drug repurposing) is a promising strategy for the development of new drugs. It relies on finding pattern similarities: drug effects to other drugs or conditions, similar toxicities, or structural similarity. Here, we recursively searched a database of approved drugs for structural similarity to several antimitotic agents binding to a specific site of tubulin, with the expectation of finding structures that could fit in it. These searches repeatedly retrieved frentizole, an approved nontoxic anti-inflammatory drug, thus indicating that it might behave as an antimitotic drug devoid of the undesired toxic effects. We also show that the usual repurposing approach to searching for targets of frentizole failed in most cases to find such a relationship. We synthesized frentizole and a series of analogs to assay them as antimitotic agents and found antiproliferative activity against HeLa tumor cells, inhibition of microtubule formation within cells, and arrest at the G2/M phases of the cell cycle, phenotypes that agree with binding to tubulin as the mechanism of action. The docking studies suggest binding at the colchicine site in different modes. These results support the repurposing of frentizole for cancer treatment, especially for glioblastoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. Codeswitching

Author

González-Vilbazo, Kay, Ramos, Sergio E., van Craenenbroeck, Jeroen, book editor, and Temmerman, Tanja, book editor

Published
2018
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39. Mortality Risk Prediction in Abdominal Septic Shock Treated with Polymyxin-B Hemoperfusion: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Author

Garcia-Ramos, Sergio, Caamaño, Estrela, Rodríguez Benítez, Patrocinio, Benito, Pilar, Calvo, Alberto, Ramos, Silvia, Power, Mercedes, Garutti, Ignacio, and Piñeiro, Patricia

Subjects
*SEPTIC shock, *BACTERIAL cell walls, *HEMOPERFUSION, *COHORT analysis, *POLYMYXIN B
Abstract

Endotoxin, a component of the cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria, is a trigger for dysregulated inflammatory response in sepsis. Extracorporeal purification of endotoxin, through adsorption with polymyxin B, has been studied as a therapeutic option for sepsis. Previous studies suggest that it could be effective in patients with high endotoxin levels or patients with septic shock of moderate severity. Here, we perform a retrospective, single-centre cohort study of 93 patients suffering from abdominal septic shock treated with polymyxin-B hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) between 2015 and 2020. We compared deceased and surviving patients one month after the intervention using X2 and Mann-Whitney U tests. We assessed the data before and after PMX-HP with a Wilcoxon single-rank test and a multivariate logistic regression analysis. There was a significant reduction of SOFA score in the survivors. The expected mortality using APACHE-II was 59.62%, whereas in our sample, the rate was 40.9%. We found significant differences between expected mortality and real mortality only for the group of patients with an SOFA score between 8 and 13. In conclusion, in patients with abdominal septic shock, the addition of PMX-HP to the standard therapy resulted in lower mortality than expected in the subgroup of patients with intermediate severity of illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Herbicides and their potential to disrupt plant–insect chemical communication.

Author

Ramos, Sergio E., Bakhtiari, Moe, Castañeda‐Zárate, Miguel, Iriart, Veronica, and Ashman, Tia‐Lynn

Subjects
*HERBICIDES, *LIFE history theory, *HERBICIDE-resistant crops, *INSECT-plant relationships, *INSECT populations, *AGRICULTURAL intensification, *METABOLISM
Abstract

Ecological interactions between plants and insects are of paramount importance for the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Herbicides have long been considered a threat to plant and insect populations, but global increases in intensive agriculture and availability of herbicide‐resistant crops have intensified concerns about their full impact on biodiversity. Here, we argue that exposure to sublethal herbicide doses has the potential to alter plant–insect interactions as a result of disruptions in their chemical communication. This is because herbicides interfere with biosynthetic pathways and phytohormones involved in the production of several classes of plant volatiles that mediate plant–insect chemical communication. Sublethal herbicide doses can modify the morphological and life‐history plant traits and affect interactions with insects. However, the potential changes in plant volatiles and their consequences for plant–insect chemical communication have not yet received as much attention. We discuss how target‐site (disruptors of primary metabolism) and non‐target‐site (synthetic auxins) herbicides could alter the production of plant volatiles and disrupt plant–insect chemical communication. We suggest research avenues to fill in the current gap in our knowledge that might derive recommendations and applied solutions to minimize herbicides' impacts on plant–insect interactions and biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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44. Deployment of high-speed broadband in rural areas in the EU: Evolution of the investment gap and alternatives to reduce it

Author

Ferrandis, Jesús, Ramos, Sergio, and Feijóo, Claudio

Subjects
ddc:330
Abstract

This paper uses an estimation model to calculate the investment gap that needs to be covered to meet the objectives set by the European Commission in the context of the European Gigabit Society (EGS) regarding gigabit networks availability. It analyses the evolution of this gap between mid-2017 and mid-2019 and concludes that it will not be closed in the expected timeframe at the current pace of deployment, especially in rural areas, that are affected by higher costs to deploy. The paper also introduces a high-level assessment of different alternatives that have been proposed to ease the deployment of network and foresees alternative operating models as the most likely option to help reduce the gap in these rural areas.

Published
2022

49. Evolution of floral fragrance Is compromised by herbivory

Author

Ramos, Sergio Enrique, Schiestl, Florian P, University of Zurich, and Schiestl, Florian P

Subjects
10121 Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 580 Plants (Botany), 10211 Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 2303 Ecology
Published
2020

50. The investment gap for the deployment of high-speed broadband in NUTS3 regions

Author

Ferrandis, Jesús, Feijóo, Claudio, and Ramos, Sergio

Subjects
ddc:330
Abstract

This paper investigates the high-speed broadband situation in the EU and its prospects. Then it uses a deployment model to estimate the investment required in order to meet the European Gigabit Society (EGS) broadband targets set by the European Commission, aiming at ensuring the availability and take-up of very high capacity fixed and wireless networks, in both urban and rural areas, among households and main socio-economic drivers. The model uses data at the NUTS3 level, which is the most granular level that has data available on the status of broadband deployment, to arrive at a coherent and comparable framework. From the different perspectives on the investment to meet EGS targets, the paper concludes on the need to identify new public and private sources of investment and the case to attract them into the broadband business arena, since expected investment from incumbent and alternative operators would not be enough to fill the gap.

Published
2020

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