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1. The discursive positioning of the Falkland Islands (las Islas Malvinas): A corpus-based collocational analysis of British and Argentinian websites

Author

Ray Chung Hang Leung

Subjects
Corpus-assisted discourse studies, discursive positioning, Falkland Islands, Argentina and Britain, collocation, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091
Abstract

Considering "discursive positioning" to be a form of "placement," this study examines how the Falkland Islands or las Islas Malvinas, a place which has long been politically controversial, are discursively positioned on British and Argentinian websites. The data came from two reference corpora: namely the Corpus of Global Web-Based English (GloWbE) and the Corpus del Español: Web/Dialects. The 388-million-word British section of the former and the 183-million-word Argentinian section of the latter were selected for analysis. Attention was paid to the 20 most frequent collocates of "Falkland Islands"/"Islas Malvinas." Semantic prosody, collocation networks and word clusters were also investigated. It was found that the Falkland Islands are positioned differently in the two corpora. While the collocates of "Falkland Islands" in the British corpus (e.g., "government" and "population") position the Islands as a territory with "self-determination," the collocates of "Islas Malvinas" in the Argentinian corpus (e.g., "nuestras" [our (feminine plural)], "territorio" [territory] and "recuperación" [recovery], together with the 5-gram "las Islas Malvinas son argentinas" [the Falkland Islands are Argentinian]) subsume the Islands under the ownership of Argentina. Not only are the Falkland Islands "discursively positioned," Britain and Argentina are also subject to positioning. For instance, in the British corpus, Argentina is construed as an invader (as suggested by the collocates "invasion" and "1982") whereas in the Argentinian corpus, Britain is given this demonized role (via the collocates "militar" [military] and "británica" [British (feminine singular)]). Such findings add strength to van Dijk's (2011) discussion of "positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation." As an example of corpus-assisted discourse studies (CADS), the current research also offers solid evidence on the social phenomenon of "classification" proposed by Bourdieu (1990)—i.e., "a vision of the world is a division of the world."

Published
2017
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2. A multi-society Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature

Author

Rinella, Mary E, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, Ratziu, Vlad, Francque, Sven M, Sanyal, Arun J, Kanwal, Fasiha, Romero, Diana, Abdelmalek, Manal F, Anstee, Quentin M, Arab, Juan Pablo, Arrese, Marco, Bataller, Ramon, Beuers, Ulrich, Boursier, Jerome, Bugianesi, Elisabetta, Byrne, Christopher, Castro Narro, Graciela E, Chowdhury, Abhijit, Cortez-Pinto, Helena, Cryer, Donna, Cusi, Kenneth, El-Kassas, Mohamed, Klein, Samuel, Eskridge, Wayne, Fan, Jiangao, Gawrieh, Samer, Guy, Cynthia D, Harrison, Stephen A, Kim, Seung Up, Koot, Bart, Korenjak, Marko, Kowdley, Kris, Lacaille, Florence, Loomba, Rohit, Mitchell-Thain, Robert, Morgan, Timothy R, Powell, Elisabeth, Roden, Michael, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Silva, Marcelo, Singh, Shivaram Prasad, Sookoian, Silvia C, Spearman, C Wendy, Tiniakos, Dina, Valenti, Luca, Vos, Miriam B, Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun, Xanthakos, Stavra, Yilmaz, Yusuf, Younossi, Zobair, Hobbs, Ansley, Villota-Rivas, Marcela, Newsome, Philip NVeeral Ajmeral, William Alazawi, Maryam Alkhatry, Naim Alkhouri, Alina Allen, Michael Allison, Khalid Alswat, Mario R Alvares-da-Silva, Michele Alves-Bezerra, Matthew J Armstrong, Diego Arufe, Pablo Aschner, Gyorgy Baffy, Meena Bansal, Pierre Bedossa, Renata Belfort, Thomas Berg, Annalisa Berzigotti, Michael Betel, Cristiana Bianco, Clifford Brass, Carol L Brosgart, Elizabeth Matthews Brunt, Maria Buti, Steve Caldwell, Rotonya Carr, Teresa Casanovas, Laurent Castera, Cyrielle Caussy, Eira Cerda, Naga Chalasani, Wah Kheong Chan, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Michael Charlton, Amanda Cheung, Daniela Chiodi, Ray Chung, David Cohen, Kathleen Corey, Helma P Cotrim, Javier Crespo, Anuradha Dassanayake, Nicholas Davidson, Robert De Knegt, Victor De Ledinghen, Münevver Demir, Sebastian Diaz, Anna Mae Diehl, Bruce Dimmig, Melisa Dirchwolf, Ajay Duseja, Karel Dvorak, Mattias Ekstedt, Reda El Wakil, María Lucía Ferraz, Scott Friedman, Michael Fuchs, Amalia Gastaldelli, Anja Geerts, Andreas Geier, Marcos Girala, George Goh, Nicolas Goossens, Isabel Graupera, Hannes Hagström, Zachary Henry, Bela Hunyady, Alan Hutchison, Scott Isaacs, François Jornayvaz, Cynthia Kemp, Denise Kile, Won Kim, David Kleiner, Rohit Kohli, Marcelo Kugelmas, Joel Lavine, Mariana Lazo, Nathalie Leite, Adelina Lozano, Panu Luukkonen, Paula Macedo, Dina Mansour, Christos Mantzoros, Giulio Marchesini, Sebastián Marciano, Kim Martinez, Lyudmila Vladimirova Mateva, Jose M Mato, Alexis McCary, Luca Miele, Ivana Mikolasevic, Veronica Miller, Rosalba Moreno, Cynthia Moylan, Atsushi Nakajima, Jean Charles Nault, Suzanne Norris, Mazen Noureddin, C P Oliveira, Arlin Ong, Martín Padilla, Raluca Pais, Arturo Panduro, Manas K Panigrahi, George Papatheodoridis, Serena Pelusi, Marlene Pérez, Juanita Perez Escobar, Gianluca Perseghin, Mario Pessoa, Salvatore Petta, Massimo Pinzani, Monica Platon Lupsor, Atoosa Rabiee, Stefano Romeo, Yaron Rotman, Ian Rowe, Riina Salupere, Sanjaya Satapathy, Jörn M Schattenberg, Wendy Schaufert, Bernd Schnabl, Lynn Seim, Lawrence Serfaty, David Shapiro, Ashwani K Singal, Lubomir Skladany, Norbert Stefan, Jonathan Stine, Shikha Sundaram, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni, Gyonzgi Szabo, Frank Tacke, Tawesak Tanwandee, Giovanni Targher, Norah Terrault, Brent Tetri, Maja Thiele, Baron Tisthammer, Aldo Torre Delgadillo, Michael Trauner, Emmanuel Tsochatzis, Laurens Van Kleef, Saskia Van Mil, Lisa VanWagner, Jose Antonio Velarde Ruiz Velasco, Mette Vesterhus, Eduardo Vilar-Gomez, Kymberly Watt, Julia Wattacheril, Fonda Wilkins, José Willemse, Amany Zekry, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Mary E, R, Jeffrey V, L, Vlad, R, Sven M, F, Arun J, S, Fasiha, K, Diana, R, Manal F, A, Quentin M, A, Juan Pablo, A, Marco, A, Ramon, B, Ulrich, B, Jerome, B, Elisabetta, B, Christopher, B, Graciela E, C, Abhijit, C, Helena, C, Donna, C, Kenneth, C, Mohamed, E, Samuel, K, Wayne, E, Jiangao, F, Samer, G, Cynthia D, G, Stephen A, H, Seung Up, K, Bart, K, Marko, K, Kris, K, Florence, L, Rohit, L, Robert, M, Timothy R, M, Elisabeth, P, Michael, R, Manuel, R, Marcelo, S, Shivaram Prasad, S, Silvia C, S, C Wendy, S, Dina, T, Luca, V, Miriam B, V, Vincent, W, Stavra, X, Yusuf, Y, Zobair, Y, Ansley, H, Marcela, V, Newsome, NVeeral Ajmeral, P, Alazawi, W, Alkhatry, M, Alkhouri, N, Allen, A, Allison, M, Alswat, K, R Alvares-da-Silva, M, Alves-Bezerra, M, J Armstrong, M, Arufe, D, Aschner, P, Baffy, G, Bansal, M, Bedossa, P, Belfort, R, Berg, T, Berzigotti, A, Betel, M, Bianco, C, Brass, C, L Brosgart, C, Matthews Brunt, E, Buti, M, Caldwell, S, Carr, R, Casanovas, T, Castera, L, Caussy, C, Cerda, E, Chalasani, N, Kheong Chan, W, Charatcharoenwitthaya, P, Charlton, M, Cheung, A, Chiodi, D, Chung, R, Cohen, D, Corey, K, P Cotrim, H, Crespo, J, Dassanayake, A, Davidson, N, De Knegt, R, De Ledinghen, V, Demir, M, Diaz, S, Mae Diehl, A, Dimmig, B, Dirchwolf, M, Duseja, A, Dvorak, K, Ekstedt, M, El Wakil, R, Lucía Ferraz, M, Friedman, S, Fuchs, M, Gastaldelli, A, Geerts, A, Geier, A, Girala, M, Goh, G, Goossens, N, Graupera, I, Hagström, H, Henry, Z, Hunyady, B, Hutchison, A, Isaacs, S, Jornayvaz, F, Kemp, C, Kile, D, Kim, W, Kleiner, D, Kohli, R, Kugelmas, M, Lavine, J, Lazo, M, Leite, N, Lozano, A, Luukkonen, P, Macedo, P, Mansour, D, Mantzoros, C, Marchesini, G, Marciano, S, Martinez, K, Vladimirova Mateva, L, M Mato, J, Mccary, A, Miele, L, Mikolasevic, I, Miller, V, Moreno, R, Moylan, C, Nakajima, A, Charles Nault, J, Norris, S, Noureddin, M, P Oliveira, C, Ong, A, Padilla, M, Pais, R, Panduro, A, K Panigrahi, M, Papatheodoridis, G, Pelusi, S, Pérez, M, Perez Escobar, J, Perseghin, G, Pessoa, M, Petta, S, Pinzani, M, Platon Lupsor, M, Rabiee, A, Romeo, S, Rotman, Y, Rowe, I, Salupere, R, Satapathy, S, M Schattenberg, J, Schaufert, W, Schnabl, B, Seim, L, Serfaty, L, Shapiro, D, K Singal, A, Skladany, L, Stefan, N, Stine, J, Sundaram, S, Svegliati-Baroni, G, Szabo, G, Tacke, F, Tanwandee, T, Targher, G, Terrault, N, Tetri, B, Thiele, M, Tisthammer, B, Torre Delgadillo, A, Trauner, M, Tsochatzis, E, Van Kleef, L, Van Mil, S, Vanwagner, L, Antonio Velarde Ruiz Velasco, J, Vesterhus, M, Vilar-Gomez, E, Watt, K, Wattacheril, J, Wilkins, F, Willemse, J, Zekry, A, Zelber-Sagi, S, and Vincent Wai-Sun, W

Subjects
steatotic liver disease, MASLD, alcohol, steatohepatiti, MetALD, NASH, nonalcoholic, Delphi, Fatty liver disease, NAFLD, cardiometabolic, nomenclature, mafld, type 2 diabetes, MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGIA
Abstract

Unlabelled: The principal limitations of the terms nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the reliance on exclusionary confounder terms and the use of potentially stigmatising language. This study set out to determine if content experts and patient advocates were in favour of a change in nomenclature and/or definition. Methods: A modified Delphi process was led by three large pan-national liver associations. Consensus was defined a priori as a supermajority (67%) vote. An independent committee of experts external to the nomenclature process made the final recommendation on the acronym and its diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 236 panellists from 56 countries participated in four online surveys and two hybrid meetings. Response rates across the 4 survey rounds were 87%, 83%, 83% and 78%, respectively. 74% of respondents felt that the current nomenclature was sufficiently flawed to consider a name change. The terms 'non-alcoholic' and 'fatty' were felt to be stigmatising by 61% and 66% of respondents, respectively. Steatotic liver disease (SLD) was chosen as an overarching term to encompass the various aetiologies of steatosis. The term steatohepatitis was felt to be an important pathophysiological concept that should be retained. The name chosen to replace NAFLD was metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). There was consensus to change the definition to include the presence of at least one of five cardiometabolic risk factors. Those with no metabolic parameters and no known cause were deemed to have cryptogenic SLD. A new category, outside pure MASLD, termed MetALD was selected to describe those with MASLD who consume greater amounts of alcohol per week (140 to 350g/week and 210 to 420g/week for females and males respectively). Conclusions: The new nomenclature and diagnostic criteria are widely supported, non-stigmatising and can improve awareness and patient identification.

Published
2023

3. Python API Development Fundamentals : Develop a Full-stack Web Application with Python and Flask

Author

Jack Chan, Ray Chung, Jack Huang, Jack Chan, Ray Chung, and Jack Huang

Subjects
Python (Computer program language), Application program interfaces (Computer software), Web applications, Application software--Development
Abstract

Learn all that's needed to build a fully functional web application from scratch.Key FeaturesDelve deep into the principle behind RESTful APILearn how to build a scalable web application with the RESTful API architecture and Flask frameworkKnow what are the exact tools and methodology to test your applications and how to use themBook DescriptionPython is a flexible language that can be used for much more than just script development. By knowing the Python RESTful APIs work, you can build a powerful backend for web applications and mobile applications using Python.You'll take your first steps by building a simple API and learning how the frontend web interface can communicate with the backend. You'll also learn how to serialize and deserialize objects using the marshmallow library. Then, you'll learn how to authenticate and authorize users using Flask-JWT. You'll also learn how to enhance your APIs by adding useful features, such as email, image upload, searching, and pagination. You'll wrap up the whole book by deploying your APIs to the cloud.By the end of this book, you'll have the confidence and skill to leverage the power of RESTful APIs and Python to build efficient web applications.What you will learnUnderstand the concept of a RESTful APIBuild a RESTful API using Flask and the Flask-Restful extensionManipulate a database using Flask-SQLAlchemy and Flask-MigrateSend out plaintext and HTML format emails using the Mailgun APIImplement a pagination function using Flask-SQLAlchemyUse caching to improve API performance and efficiently obtain the latest informationDeploy an application to Heroku and test it using PostmanWho this book is forThis book is ideal for aspiring software developers who have a basic-to-intermediate knowledge of Python programming and who want to develop web applications using Python. Knowledge of how web applications work will be beneficial but is not essential.

Published
2019

5. Investigation of dynamic ground effect

Author

Chang, Ray Chung and Muirhead, Vincent U

Subjects
Aerodynamics
Abstract

An experimental investigation of dynamic ground effect was conducted in the Univ. of Kansas wind tunnel using delta wings of 60, 70, 75 deg sweep; the XB-70 wing; and the F-104A wing. Both static and dynamic tests were made. Test data were compared to other test data, including dynamic flight test data of the XB-70 and F-104A. Limited flow visualization test were conducted. A significant dynamic effect was found for highly swept delta wings.

Published
1987

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