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2. Are Environmental Factors for Atopic Eczema in ISAAC Phase Three due to Reverse Causation?

Author

Aït-Khaled, N., Anderson, H.R., Asher, M.I., Beasley, R., Björkstén, B., Brunekreef, B., Crane, J., Ellwood, P., Flohr, C., Foliaki, S., Forastiere, F., García-Marcos, L., Keil, U., Lai, C.K.W., Mallol, J., Mitchell, E.A., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Robertson, C.F., Stewart, A.W., Strachan, D., von Mutius, E., Weiland, S.K., Weinmayr, G., Williams, H.C., Wong, G., Clayton, T.O., Ellwood, E., Baena-Cagnani, C.E., Gómez, M., Howitt, M.E., Weyler, J., Pinto-Vargas, R., Petrolera de Salud, Caja, Cunha, A.J. D.A., de Freitas Souza, L., Kuaban, C., Ferguson, A., Rennie, D., Standring, P., Aguilar, P., Amarales, L., Benavides, L.A., Contreras, A., Chen, Y.-Z., Kunii, O., Pan, Q. Li, Zhong, N.-S., Aristizábal, G., Cepeda, A.M., Ordoñez, G.A., Bustos, C., Riikjärv, M.-A., Melaku, K., Sa’aga-Banuve, R., Pekkanen, J., Hypolite, I.E., Novák, Z., Zsigmond, G., Awasthi, S., Bhave, S., Hanumante, N.M., Jain, K.C., Joshi, M.K., Mantri, S.N., Pherwani, A.V., Rego, S., Sabir, M., Salvi, S., Setty, G., Sharma, S.K., Singh, V., Sukumaran, T., Suresh Babu, P.S., Kartasasmita, C.B., Konthen, P., Suprihati, W., Masjedi, M.R., Steriu, A., Koffi, B.N., Odajima, H., al-Momen, J.A., Imanalieva, C., Kudzyte, J., Quah, B.S., Teh, K.H., Baeza-Bacab, M., Barragán-Meijueiro, M., Del-Río-Navarro, B.E., García-Almaráz, R., González-Díaz, S.N., Linares-Zapién, F.J., Merida-Palacio, J.V., Ramírez-Chanona, N., Romero-Tapia, S., Romieu, I., Bouayad, Z., MacKay, R., Moyes, C., Pattemore, P., Onadeko, B.O., Cukier, G., Chiarella, P., Cua-Lim, F., Brêborowicz, A., Solé, D., Sears, M., Aguirre, V., Barba, S., Shah, J., Baratawidjaja, K., Nishima, S., de Bruyne, J., Tuuau-Potoi, N., Lai, C.K., Lee, B.W., El Sony, A., Anderson, R., Rutter, Charlotte E., Silverwood, Richard J., Williams, Hywel C., Ellwood, Philippa, Asher, Innes, Garcia-Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, and Langan, Sinéad M.

Published
2019
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4. A prospective evaluation of plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the EPIC study

Author

Chajès, V., Assi, N., Biessy, C., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Lenoir, G.M., Baglietto, L., His, M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Katsoulis, M., Kaaks, R., Kühn, T., Panico, S., Pala, V., Masala, G., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., Peeters, P.H., van Gils, C., Hjartåker, A., Standahl Olsen, K., Borgund Barnung, R., Barricarte, A., Redondo-Sanchez, D., Menéndez, V., Amiano, P., Wennberg, M., Key, T., Khaw, K.T., Merritt, M.A., Riboli, E., Gunter, M.J., and Romieu, I.

Published
2017
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5. Association of leukocyte DNA methylation changes with dietary folate and alcohol intake in the EPIC study

Author

Perrier, F., Viallon, V., Ambatipudi, S., Ghantous, A., Cuenin, C., Hernandez-Vargas, H., Chajès, V., Baglietto, L., Matejcic, M., Moreno-Macias, H., Kühn, T., Boeing, H., Karakatsani, A., Kotanidou, A., Trichopoulou, A., Sieri, S., Panico, S., Fasanelli, F., Dolle, M., Onland-Moret, C., Sluijs, I., Weiderpass, E., Quirós, J. R., Agudo, A., Huerta, J. M., Ardanaz, E., Dorronsoro, M., Tong, T. Y. N., Tsilidis, K., Riboli, E., Gunter, M. J., Herceg, Z., Ferrari, P., and Romieu, I.

Published
2019
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7. Circulating prolactin and breast cancer risk among pre- and postmenopausal women in the EPIC cohort

Author

Tikk, K., Sookthai, D., Johnson, T., Rinaldi, S., Romieu, I., Tjønneland, A., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Baglietto, L., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Pala, V., Tumino, R., Rosso, S., Panico, S., Agudo, A., Menéndez, V., Sánchez, M.-J., Amiano, P., Huerta Castaño, J.M., Ardanaz, E., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., Monninkhof, E., Onland-Moret, C., Andersson, A., Sund, M., Weiderpass, E., Khaw, K.-T., Key, T.J., Travis, R.C., Gunter, M.J., Riboli, E., Dossus, L., and Kaaks, R.

Published
2014
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8. Physical activity, sex steroid, and growth factor concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a cross-sectional study within the EPIC cohort

Author

Rinaldi, S., Kaaks, R., Friedenreich, C. M., Key, T. J., Travis, R., Biessy, C., Slimani, N., Overvad, K., Østergaard, J. N., Tjønneland, A., Olsen, A., Mesrine, S., Fournier, A., Dossus, L., Lukanova, A., Johnson, T., Boeing, H., Vigl, M., Trichopoulou, A., Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D., Masala, G., Krogh, V., Tumino, R., Ricceri, F., Panico, S., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Monninkhof, E. M., May, A. M., Weiderpass, E., Quirós, J. R., Travier, N., Molina-Montes, E., Amiano, P., Huerta, J. M., Ardanaz, E., Sund, M., Johansson, M., Khaw, K. T., Wareham, N., Scalbert, A., Gunter, M. J., Riboli, E., and Romieu, I.

Published
2014

9. Prevalent diabetes and risk of total, colorectal, prostate and breast cancers in an ageing population: meta-analysis of individual participant data from cohorts of the CHANCES consortium

Author

Amadou, A., Freisling, H., Jenab, M., Tsilidis, K.K., Trichopoulou, A., Boffetta, P., Van Guelpen, B., Mokoroa, O., Wilsgaard, T., Kee, F., Schöttker, B., Ordóñez-Mena, J.M., Männistö, S., Söderberg, S., Vermeulen, R.C.H., Quirós, J.R., Liao, L.M., Sinha, R., Kuulasmaa, K., Brenner, H., Romieu, I., IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Sub Algemeen Theoretical Physics, IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Sub Algemeen Theoretical Physics, Amadou A., Freisling H., Jenab M., Tsilidis K.K., Trichopoulou A., Boffetta P., Van Guelpen B., Mokoroa O., Wilsgaard T., Kee F., Schottker B., Ordonez-Mena J.M., Mannisto S., Soderberg S., Vermeulen R.C.H., Quiros J.R., Liao L.M., Sinha R., Kuulasmaa K., Brenner H., and Romieu I.

Subjects
Male, Aging, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, Breast Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasm, Overweight, Article, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Risk Factor, Hazard ratio, Prostatic Neoplasms, Cancer, Diabetes Mellitu, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, United States, Confidence interval, Europe, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Prostatic Neoplasm, Neoplasm, Female, Cohort Studie, medicine.symptom, Colorectal Neoplasms, business, Breast Neoplasm, Human
Abstract

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether associations between prevalent diabetes and cancer risk are pertinent to older adults and whether associations differ across subgroups of age, body weight status or levels of physical activity. METHODS: We harmonised data from seven prospective cohort studies of older individuals in Europe and the United States participating in the CHANCES consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the associations of prevalent diabetes with cancer risk (all cancers combined, and for colorectum, prostate and breast). We calculated summary risk estimates across cohorts using pooled analysis and random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 667,916 individuals were included with an overall median (P25–P75) age at recruitment of 62.3 (57–67) years. During a median follow-up time of 10.5 years, 114,404 total cancer cases were ascertained. Diabetes was not associated with the risk of all cancers combined (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–1.04; I(2) = 63.3%). Diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk in men (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08–1.26; I(2) = 0%) and a similar HR in women (1.13; 95% CI: 0.82–1.56; I(2) = 46%), but with a confidence interval including the null. Diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77–0.85; I(2) = 0%), but not with postmenopausal breast cancer (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.89–1.03; I(2) = 0%). In exploratory subgroup analyses, diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk only in men with overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalent diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk and inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in older Europeans and Americans.

Published
2021

10. Biomarkers of folate and vitamin B12 and breast cancer risk: report from the EPIC cohort

Author

Matejcic, M., de Batlle, J., Ricci, C., Biessy, C., Perrier, F., Huybrechts, I., Weiderpass, E., BoutronRuault, M.C., Cadeau, C., His, M., Cox, D.G., Boeing, H., Fortner, R.T., Kaaks, R., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulou, A., Benetou, V., Tumino, R., Panico, S., Sieri, S., Palli, D., Ricceri, F., BuenodeMesquita, H.B(as), Skeie, G., Amiano, P., Sánchez, M.J., Chirlaque, M.D., Barricarte, A., Quirós, J.R., Buckland, G., van Gils, C.H., Peeters, P.H., Key, T.J., Riboli, E., Gylling, B., ZeleniuchJacquotte, A., Gunter, M.J., Romieu, I., and Chajès, V.

Published
2017
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13. Dietary Folate Intake and Breast Cancer Risk: European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

de Batlle, J., Ferrari, P., Chajes, V., Park, J. Y., Slimani, N., McKenzie, F., Overvad, K., Roswall, N., Tjønneland, A., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Fagherazzi, G., Katzke, V., Kaaks, R., Bergmann, M. M., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Sieri, S., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Peeters, P. H., Hjartåker, A., Engeset, D., Weiderpass, E., Sánchez, S., Travier, N., Sánchez, M. J., Amiano, P., Chirlaque, M. D., Barricarte Gurrea, A., Khaw, K. T., Key, T. J., Bradbury, K. E., Ericson, U., Sonestedt, E., Van Guelpen, B., Schneede, J., Riboli, E., and Romieu, I.

Published
2015
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16. Healthy lifestyle index and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the EPIC cohort study

Author

Buckland, G., Travier, N., Huerta, J. M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as), Siersema, P. D., Skeie, G., Weiderpass, E., Engeset, D., Ericson, U., Ohlsson, B., Agudo, A., Romieu, I., Ferrari, P., Freisling, H., Colorado-Yohar, S., Li, K., Kaaks, R., Pala, V., Cross, A. J., Riboli, E., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Bamia, C., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Fagherazzi, G., Dartois, L., May, A. M., Peeters, P. H., Panico, S., Johansson, M., Wallner, B., Palli, D., Key, T. J., Khaw, K. T., Ardanaz, E., Overvad, K., Tjnneland, A., Dorronsoro, M., Sánchez, M. J., Quirós, J. R., Naccarati, A., Tumino, R., Boeing, H., and Gonzalez, C. A.

Published
2015
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17. Diabetes and onset of natural menopause: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Brand, J.S., Onland-Moret, N.C., Eijkemans, M.J.C., Tjønneland, A., Roswall, N., Overvad, K., Fagherazzi, G., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Dossus, L., Lukanova, A., Grote, V., Bergmann, M.M., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Tzivoglou, M., Trichopoulos, D., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., Weiderpass, E., Redondo, M.L., Sánchez, M.J., Castaño, J.M. Huerta, Arriola, L., Ardanaz, E., Duell, E.J., Rolandsson, O., Franks, P.W., Butt, S., Nilsson, P., Khaw, K.T., Wareham, N., Travis, R., Romieu, I., Gunter, M.J., Riboli, E., and van der Schouw, Y.T.

Published
2015
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18. Impact of thearubigins on the estimation of total dietary flavonoids in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Author

Zamora-Ros, R., Knaze, V., Romieu, I., Scalbert, A., Slimani, N., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Touillaud, M., Perquier, F., Skeie, G., Engeset, D., Weiderpass, E., Johansson, I., Landberg, R., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., Sieri, S., Masala, G., Peeters, P.H.M., Grote, V., Huerta, J.M., Barricarte, A., Amiano, P., Crowe, F.L., Molina-Montes, E., Khaw, K.-T., Arguelles, M.V., Tjonneland, A., Halkjaer, J., de Magistris, M.S., Ricceri, F., Tumino, R., Wirfalt, E., Ericson, U., Overvad, K., Trichopoulou, A., Dilis, V., Vidalis, P., Boeing, H., Forster, J., Riboli, E., and Gonzalez, C.A.

Subjects
Polyphenols -- Nutritional aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Thearubigins (TR) are polymeric flavanol-derived compounds formed during the fermentation of tea leaves. Comprising ~70% of total polyphenols in black tea, TR may contribute majorly to its beneficial effects on health. To date, there is no appropriate food composition data on TR, although several studies have used data from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) database to estimate TR intakes. We aimed to estimate dietary TR in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort and assess the impact of including TR or not in the calculation of the total dietary flavonoid intake. Dietary data were collected using a single standardized 24-h dietary recall interviewer-administered to 36037 subjects aged 35-74 years. TR intakes were calculated using the USDA database. TR intakes ranged from 0.9 mg/day in men from Navarra and San Sebastian in Spain to 532.5 mg/day in men from UK general population. TR contributed European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2013) 67, 779-782; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.89; published online 24 April 2013 Keywords: thearubigins; flavonoids; dietary intake; sources; EPIC, INTRODUCTION Nowadays, much attention is paid to black tea due to its potential role in chronic disease prevention, such as cardiovascular disease (1) and some types of cancer, such as [...]

Published
2013
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19. Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase gene polymorphisms, alcohol intake and the risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study

Author

Ferrari, P, McKay, J D, Jenab, M, Brennan, P, Canzian, F, Vogel, U, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Tolstrup, J S, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Morois, S, Kaaks, R, Boeing, H, Bergmann, M, Trichopoulou, A, Katsoulis, M, Trichopoulos, D, Krogh, V, Panico, S, Sacerdote, C, Palli, D, Tumino, R, Peeters, P H, van Gils, C H, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, Vrieling, A, Lund, E, Hjartåker, A, Agudo, A, Suarez, L R, Arriola, L, Chirlaque, M-D, Ardanaz, E, Sánchez, M-J, Manjer, J, Lindkvist, B, Hallmans, G, Palmqvist, R, Allen, N, Key, T, Khaw, K-T, Slimani, N, Rinaldi, S, Romieu, I, Boffetta, P, Romaguera, D, Norat, T, and Riboli, E

Published
2012
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20. Dietary intakes and food sources of phytoestrogens in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 24-hour dietary recall cohort

Author

Zamora-Ros, R, Knaze, V, Luján-Barroso, L, Kuhnle, G G C, Mulligan, A A, Touillaud, M, Slimani, N, Romieu, I, Powell, N, Tumino, R, Peeters, P H M, de Magistris, M S, Ricceri, F, Sonestedt, E, Drake, I, Hjartåker, A, Skie, G, Mouw, T, Wark, P A, Romaguera, D, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Ros, M, Molina, E, Sieri, S, Quirós, J R, Huerta, J M, Tjønneland, A, Halkjær, J, Masala, G, Teucher, B, Kaas, R, Travis, R C, Dilis, V, Benetou, V, Trichopoulou, A, Amiano, P, Ardanaz, E, Boeing, H, Förster, J, Clavel-Chapelon, F, Fagherazzi, G, Perquier, F, Johansson, G, Johansson, I, Cassidy, A, Overvad, K, and González, C A

Published
2012
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21. Diabetes mellitus, glycated haemoglobin and C-peptide levels in relation to pancreatic cancer risk: a study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Author

Grote, V. A., Rohrmann, S., Nieters, A., Dossus, L., Tjønneland, A., Halkjær, J., Overvad, K., Fagherazzi, G., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Morois, S., Teucher, B., Becker, S., Sluik, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulos, D., Palli, D., Pala, V., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Rodríguez, L., Duell, E. J., Molina-Montes, E., Dorronsoro, M., Huerta, J. M., Ardanaz, E., Jeurnink, S. M., Beulens, J. W. J., Peeters, P. H. M., Sund, M., Ye, W., Lindkvist, B., Johansen, D., Khaw, K. T., Wareham, N., Allen, N., Crowe, F., Jenab, M., Romieu, I., Michaud, D. S., Riboli, E., Romaguera, D., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., and Kaaks, R.

Published
2011
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22. Dietary β-carotene, vitamin C and E intake and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Nagel, G., Linseisen, J., van Gils, C. H., Peeters, P. H., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Romieu, I., Tjønneland, A., Olsen, A., Roswall, N., Witt, P. M., Overvad, K., Rohrmann, S., Kaaks, R., Drogan, D., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Stratigakou, V., Zylis, D., Engeset, D., Lund, E., Skeie, G., Berrino, F., Grioni, S., Mattiello, A., Masala, G., Tumino, R., Zanetti, R., Ros, M. M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Ardanaz, E., Sánchez, M. J., Huerta, J. M., Amiano, P., Rodríguez, L., Manjer, J., Wirfält, E., Lenner, P., Hallmans, G., Spencer, E. A., Key, T. J., Bingham, S., Khaw, K. T., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Boffetta, P., Gallo, V., Norat, T., and Riboli, E.

Published
2010
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23. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of bladder cancer in the EPIC cohort study

Author

Buckland, G., Ros, M. M., Roswall, N., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Travier, N., Tjonneland, A., Kiemeney, L. A., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Ljungberg, B., Gram, I. T., Weiderpass, E., Skeie, G., Malm, J., Ehrnström, R., Chang-Claude, J., Mattiello, A., Agnoli, C., Peeters, P. H., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Fagherazzi, G., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Nilsson, L. M., Amiano, P., Trichopoulou, A., Oikonomou, E., Tsiotas, K., Sánchez, M. J., Overvad, K., Quirós, J. R., Chirlaque, M. D, Barricarte, A., Key, T. J., Allen, N. E., Khaw, K. T., Wareham, N., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Palli, D., Romieu, I., Romaguera, D., and Gonzalez, C. A.

Published
2014
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26. Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: A multinational cohort study

Author

Freisling, H. Viallon, V. Lennon, H. Bagnardi, V. Ricci, C. Butterworth, A.S. Sweeting, M. Muller, D. Romieu, I. Bazelle, P. Kvaskoff, M. Arveux, P. Severi, G. Bamia, C. Kühn, T. Kaaks, R. Bergmann, M. Boeing, H. Tjønneland, A. Olsen, A. Overvad, K. Dahm, C.C. Menéndez, V. Agudo, A. Sánchez, M.-J. Amiano, P. Santiuste, C. Gurrea, A.B. Tong, T.Y.N. Schmidt, J.A. Tzoulaki, I. Tsilidis, K.K. Ward, H. Palli, D. Agnoli, C. Tumino, R. Ricceri, F. Panico, S. Picavet, H.S.J. Bakker, M. Monninkhof, E. Nilsson, P. Manjer, J. Rolandsson, O. Thysell, E. Weiderpass, E. Jenab, M. Riboli, E. Vineis, P. Danesh, J. Wareham, N.J. Gunter, M.J. Ferrari, P.

Abstract

Background: Although lifestyle factors have been studied in relation to individual non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their association with development of a subsequent NCD, defined as multimorbidity, has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between five lifestyle factors and incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 291,778 participants (64% women) from seven European countries, mostly aged 43 to 58 years and free of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) at recruitment, were included. Incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases was defined as developing subsequently two diseases including first cancer at any site, CVD, and T2D in an individual. Multi-state modelling based on Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of developing cancer, CVD, or T2D, and subsequent transitions to multimorbidity, in relation to body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and their combination as a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score. Cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) were estimated to compute 10-year absolute risks for transitions from healthy to cancer at any site, CVD (both fatal and non-fatal), or T2D, and to subsequent multimorbidity after each of the three NCDs. Results: During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1910 men and 1334 women developed multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. A higher HLI, reflecting healthy lifestyles, was strongly inversely associated with multimorbidity, with hazard ratios per 3-unit increment of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81), 0.84 (0.79 to 0.90), and 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88) after cancer, CVD, and T2D, respectively. After T2D, the 10-year absolute risks of multimorbidity were 40% and 25% for men and women, respectively, with unhealthy lifestyle, and 30% and 18% for men and women with healthy lifestyles. Conclusion: Pre-diagnostic healthy lifestyle behaviours were strongly inversely associated with the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, and with the prognosis of these diseases by reducing risk of multimorbidity. © 2020 The Author(s).

Published
2020

28. Consumption of fish and meats and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Fedirko, V., Trichopolou, A., Bamia, C., Duarte-Salles, T., Trepo, E., Aleksandrova, K., Nöthlings, U., Lukanova, A., Lagiou, P., Boffetta, P., Trichopoulos, D., Katzke, V. A., Overvad, K., Tjønneland, A., Hansen, L., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Fagherazzi, G., Bastide, N., Panico, S., Grioni, S., Vineis, P., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Peeters, P. H., Skeie, G., Engeset, D., Parr, C. L., Jakszyn, P., Sánchez, M. J., Barricarte, A., Amiano, P., Chirlaque, M., Quirós, J. R., Sund, M., Werner, M., Sonestedt, E., Ericson, U., Key, T. J., Khaw, K. T., Ferrari, P., Romieu, I., Riboli, E., and Jenab, M.

Published
2013
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29. Adherence to the mediterranean diet and risk of breast cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort study

Author

Buckland, G., Travier, N., Cottet, V., González, C. A., Luján-Barroso, L., Agudo, A., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Trichopoulos, D., Peeters, P. H., May, A., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Bvan Duijnhoven, F. J., Key, T. J., Allen, N., Khaw, K. T., Wareham, N., Romieu, I., McCormack, V., Boutron-Ruault, M., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Panico, S., Agnoli, C., Palli, D., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Amiano, P., Barricarte, A., Rodríguez, L., Sanchez, M. J., Chirlaque, M. D., Kaaks, R., Teucher, B., Boeing, H., Bergmann, M. M., Overvad, K., Dahm, C. C., Tjnneland, A., Olsen, A., Manjer, J., Wirfält, E., Hallmans, G., Johansson, I., Lund, E., Hjartåker, A., Skeie, G., Vergnaud, A. C., Norat, T., Romaguera, D., and Riboli, E.

Published
2013
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30. Do fast foods cause asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema? Global findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three

Author

Ellwood, Philippa, Asher, M Innes, García-Marcos, Luis, Williams, Hywel, Keil, Ulrich, Robertson, Colin, Nagel, Gabriele, Aït-Khaled, N, Anderson, H R, Asher, M I, Beasley, R, Björkstén, B, Brunekreef, B, Crane, J, Ellwood, P, Flohr, C, Foliaki, S, Forastiere, F, García-Marcos, L, Keil, U, Lai, C K W, Mallol, J, Mitchell, E A, Montefort, S, Odhiambo, J, Pearce, N, Robertson, C F, Stewart, A W, Strachan, D, von Mutius, E, Weiland, S K, Weinmayr, G, Williams, H, Wong, G, Asher, M I, Clayton, T O, Ellwood, E, Ellwood, P, Mitchell, E A, Stewart, A W, Baena-Cagnani, C E, Gómez, M, Howitt, M E, Weyler, J, Pinto-Vargas, R, Cunha, A J L A, de Freitas Souza, L, Kuaban, C, Ferguson, A, Rennie, D, Aguilar, P, Amarales, L, Benavides, L A V, Contreras, A, Chen, Y-Z, Kunii, O, Li Pan, Q, Zhong, N-S, Aristizábal, G, Cepeda, A M, Ordoñez, G A, Koffi, B N, Bustos, C, Riikjärv, M-A, Melaku, K, Saʼaga-Banuve, R, Pekkanen, J, Vlaski, E, Hypolite, I E, Wong, G, Novák, Z, Zsigmond, G, Awasthi, S, Sabir, M, Sharma, S K, Singh, V, Suresh Babu, P S, Kartasasmita, C B, Konthen, P, Suprihati, W, Masjedi, M-R, Steriu, A, Odajima, H, al-Momen, J A, Imanalieva, C, Kudzyte, J, Quah, B S, Teh, K H, Baeza-Bacab, M, Barragán-Meijueiro, M, Del-Río-Navarro, B E, García-Almaráz, R, González-Díaz, S N, Linares-Zapién, F J, Merida-Palacio, J V, Ramírez-Chanona, N, Romero-Tapia, S, Romieu, I, Bouayad, Z, Asher, M I, MacKay, R, Moyes, C, Pattemore, P, Pearce, N, Onadeko, B O, Cukier, G, Chiarella, P, Cua-Lim, F, Brêborowicz, A, Lis, G, Câmara, R, Lopes dos Santos, J M, Nunes, C, Rosado Pinto, J, Fuimaono, P, Goh, D Y T, Zar, H J, Lee, H-B, Blanco-Quirós, A, Busquets, R M, Carvajal-Urueña, I, García-Hernández, G, García-Marcos, L, González Díaz, C, López-Silvarrey Varela, A, Morales Suárez-Varela, M M, Pérez-Yarza, E G, Al-Rawas, O, Mohammad, S, Mohammad, Y, Tabbah, K, Huang, J-L, Kao, C-C, Trakultivakorn, M, Vichyanond, P, Iosefa, T, Windom, H H, Burr, M, Strachan, D, Holgado, D, Lapides, M C, Aldrey, O, Sears, M, Aguirre, V, Mallol, J, Lai, C K W, Shah, J, Baratawidjaja, K, Anderson, H R, Nishima, S, and Lee, B-W

Published
2013
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31. Glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary carbohydrate, and dietary fiber intake and risk of liver and biliary tract cancers in Western Europeans

Author

Fedirko, V., Lukanova, A., Bamia, C., Trichopolou, A., Trepo, E., Nöthlings, U., Schlesinger, S., Aleksandrova, K., Boffetta, P., Tjønneland, A., Johnsen, N. F., Overvad, K., Fagherazzi, G., Racine, A., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Grote, V., Kaaks, R., Boeing, H., Naska, A., Adarakis, G., Valanou, E., Palli, D., Sieri, S., Tumino, R., Vineis, P., Panico, S., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as)., Siersema, P. D., Peeters, P. H., Weiderpass, E., Skeie, G., Engeset, D., Quirós, J. R., Zamora-Ros, R., Sánchez, M. J., Amiano, P., Huerta, J. M., Barricarte, A., Johansen, D., Lindkvist, B., Sund, M., Werner, M., Crowe, F., Khaw, K. T., Ferrari, P., Romieu, I., Chuang, S. C., Riboli, E., and Jenab, M.

Published
2013
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32. Alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in European men and women: influence of beverage type and body sizeThe EPIC–InterAct study

Author

Beulens, J. W. J., van der Schouw, Y. T., Bergmann, M. M., Rohrmann, S., Schulze, M. B., Buijsse, B., Grobbee, D. E., Arriola, L., Cauchi, S., Tormo, M.-J., Allen, N. E., van der A, D. L., Balkau, B., Boeing, H., Clavel-Chapelon, F., de Lauzon-Guillan, B., Franks, P., Froguel, P., Gonzales, C., Halkjær, J., Huerta, J. M., Kaaks, R., Key, T. J., Khaw, K. T., Krogh, V., Molina-Montes, E., Nilsson, P., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Panico, S., Quirós, Ramón J., Ronaldsson, O., Romieu, I., Romaguera, D., Sacerdote, C., Sánchez, M.-J., Spijkerman, A. M. W., Teucher, B., Tjonneland, A., Tumino, R., Sharp, S., Forouhi, N. G., Langenberg, C., Feskens, E. J. M., Riboli, E., and Wareham, N. J.

Published
2012
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33. Helicobacter pylori infection assessed by ELISA and by immunoblot and noncardia gastric cancer risk in a prospective study: the Eurgast-EPIC project

Author

González, C. A., Megraud, F., Buissonniere, A., Lujan Barroso, L., Agudo, A., Duell, E. J., Boutron-Ruault, M. C., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Palli, D., Krogh, V., Mattiello, A., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., Quirós, J. R., Sanchez-Cantalejo, E., Navarro, C., Barricarte, A., Dorronsoro, M., Khaw, K.-T., Wareham, N., Allen, N. E., Tsilidis, K. K., Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H., Jeurnink, S. M., Numans, M. E., Peeters, P. H. M., Lagiou, P., Valanou, E., Trichopoulou, A., Kaaks, R., Lukanova-McGregor, A., Bergman, M. M., Boeing, H., Manjer, J., Lindkvist, B., Stenling, R., Hallmans, G., Mortensen, L. M., Overvad, K., Olsen, A., Tjonneland, A., Bakken, K., Dumeaux, V., Lund, E., Jenab, M., Romieu, I., Michaud, D., Mouw, T., Carneiro, F., Fenge, C., and Riboli, E.

Published
2012
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34. Primary brain tumours and specific serum immunoglobulin E: a case–control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort

Author

Schlehofer, B., Siegmund, B., Linseisen, J., Schüz, J., Rohrmann, S., Becker, S., Michaud, D., Melin, B., Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas H., Peeters, P. H. M., Vineis, P., Tjonneland, A., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Romieu, I., Boeing, H., Aleksandrova, K., Trichopoulou, A., Bamia, C., Lagiou, P., Sacerdote, C., Palli, D., Panico, S., Sieri, S., Tumino, R., Sanchez, M.-J., Rodriguez, L., Dorronsoro, M., Duell, E. J., Chirlaque, M.-D., Barricarte, A., Borgquist, S., Manjer, J., Gallo, V., Allen, N. E., Key, T. J., Riboli, E., Kaaks, R., and Wahrendorf, J.

Published
2011
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40. Time and age trends in smoking cessation in Europe

Author

Pesce, G, Marcon, A, Calciano, L, Perret, JL, Abramson, MJ, Bono, R, Bousquet, J, Fois, AG, Janson, C, Jarvis, D, Jogi, R, Leynaert, B, Nowak, D, Schlunssen, V, Urrutia-Landa, I, Verlato, G, Villani, S, Zuberbier, T, Minelli, C, Accordini, S, Boezen, M, Elger, B, Gleditsch, BA, Heijmans, B, Romieu, I, Thompson, J, Commission of the European Communities, Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires (PHERE (UMR_S_1152 / U1152)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University Hospital of Verona, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), University of Melbourne, Monash University [Melbourne], Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Uppsala University Hospital, MRC Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection [Imperial College, London] (CMBI), Imperial College London, University of Tartu, Ludwig Maximilian University [Munich] (LMU), Aarhus University Hospital, Galdakao Hospital, Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Verona (UNIVR), University of Turin, University of Sassari, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), and Life Course Epidemiology (LCE)

Subjects
Male, Pulmonology, IMPACT, medicine.medical_treatment, Maternal Health, Tobacco Smoking / epidemiology, Social Sciences, RELAPSE, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Geographical Locations, Habits, INITIATION, 0302 clinical medicine, Elderly, Quality of life, Pregnancy, Smoking Habits, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Psychology, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, PREDICTORS, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Tobacco control, food and beverages, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, Europe, Multidisciplinary Sciences, ALLERGIC RHINITIS, Age trends, Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC) study, Europe, smoking cessation, time trends, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Female, Public Health, Europe / epidemiology, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Tobacco Control, Smoking Cessation / statistics & numerical data, Adolescent, Substance-Related Disorders, General Science & Technology, Science, Health Promotion, Age trends, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Age Distribution, Sex Factors, Public Health, Tobacco Control, Tobacco Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Time Trends, Pregnancy, Mental Health and Psychiatry, MD Multidisciplinary, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, Risk factor, 030304 developmental biology, time trends, Behavior, Science & Technology, business.industry, Public health, Biology and Life Sciences, Smoking Related Disorders, Retrospective cohort study, ADULTS, Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC) study, smoking cessation, Young Adults, Health Care, Retrospective studies, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Health promotion, Age Groups, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and Places, Quality of Life, Smoking cessation, Women's Health, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, ASTHMA, Population Groupings, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Demography
Abstract

BackgroundSmoking is the main risk factor for most of the leading causes of death. Cessation is the single most important step that smokers can take to improve their health. With the aim of informing policy makers about decisions on future tobacco control strategies, we estimated time and age trends in smoking cessation in Europe between 1980 and 2010.MethodsData on the smoking history of 50,228 lifetime smokers from 17 European countries were obtained from six large population-based studies included in the Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts (ALEC) consortium. Smoking cessation rates were assessed retrospectively, and age trends were estimated for three decades (1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2010). The analyses were stratified by sex and region (North, East, South, West Europe).ResultsOverall, 21,735 subjects (43.3%) quit smoking over a total time-at-risk of 803,031 years. Cessation rates increased between 1980 and 2010 in young adults (16-40 years), especially females, from all the regions, and in older adults (41-60 years) from North Europe, while they were stable in older adults from East, South and West Europe. In the 2000s, the cessation rates for men and women combined were highest in North Europe (49.9 per 1,000/ year) compared to the other regions (range: 26.5-32.7 per 1,000/ year). A sharp peak in rates was observed for women around the age of 30, possibly as a consequence of pregnancy-related smoking cessation. In most regions, subjects who started smoking before the age of 16 were less likely to quit than those who started later.ConclusionsOur findings suggest an increasing awareness on the detrimental effects of smoking across Europe. However, East, South and West European countries are lagging behind North Europe, suggesting the need to intensify tobacco control strategies in these regions. Additional efforts should be made to keep young adolescents away from taking up smoking, as early initiation could make quitting more challenging during later life.

Published
2019

41. Are environmental factors for atopic eczema in ISAAC phase three due to reverse causation?

Author

Rutter, Charlotte E., Silverwood, Richard J., Williams, Hywel C., Ellwood, Philippa, Asher, Innes, Garcia-Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, Langan, Sinead M., Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Asher, M., I, Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Brunekreef, B., Crane, J., Ellwood, P., Flohr, C., Foliaki, S., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Marcos, L., Keil, U., Lai, C. K. W., Mallol, J., Mitchell, E. A., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Robertson, C. F., Stewart, A. W., Strachan, D., von Mutius, E., Weiland, S. K., Weinmayr, G., Williams, H. C., Wong, G., Clayton, T. O., Ellwood, E., Baena-Cagnani, C. E., Gomez, M., Howitt, M. E., Weyler, Joost J., Pinto-Vargas, R., da Cunha, A. J., de Freitas Souza, L., Kuaban, C., Ferguson, A., Rennie, D., Standring, P., Aguilar, P., Amarales, L., Benavides, L. A., Contreras, A., Chen, Y-Z, Kunii, O., Pan, Q. Li, Zhong, N. S., Aristizabal, G., Cepeda, A. M., Ordonez, G. A., Bustos, C., Riikjarv, M-A, Melaku, K., Sa'aga-Banuve, R., Pekkanen, J., Hypolite, I. E., Novak, Z., Zsigmond, G., Awasthi, S., Bhave, S., Hanumante, N. M., Jain, K. C., Joshi, M. K., Khatav, V. A., Mantri, S. N., Pherwani, A., V, Rego, S., Sabir, M., Salvi, S., Setty, G., Sharma, S. K., Singh, V, Sukumaran, T., Babu, P. S. Suresh, Kartasasmita, C. B., Konthen, P., Suprihati, W., Masjedi, M. R., Steriu, A., Koffi, B. N., Odajima, H., al-Momen, J. A., Imanalieva, C., Kudzyte, J., Quah, B. S., Teh, K. H., Baeza-Bacab, M., Barragan-Meijueiro, M., Del-Rio-Navarro, B. E., Garcia-Almaraz, R., Gonzalez-Diaz, S. N., Linares-Zapien, F. J., Merida-Palacio, J., V, Ramirez-Chanona, N., Romero-Tapia, S., Romieu, I, Bouayad, Z., MacKay, R., Moyes, C., Pattemore, P., Onadeko, B. O., Cukier, G., Chiarella, P., Cua-Lim, F., Breborowicz, A., Sole, D., Sears, M., Aguirre, V, Barba, S., Shah, J., Baratawidjaja, K., Nishima, S., de Bruyne, J., Tuuau-Potoi, N., Lai, C. K., Lee, B. W., El Sony, A., Anderson, R., and ISAAC Phase Three Study Grp

Subjects
Human medicine
Abstract

Some previously described environmental associations for atopic eczema may be due to reverse causation. We explored the role of reverse causation by comparing individual-and school-level results for multiple atopic eczema risk factors. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (i.e, ISAAC) Phase Three surveyed children in schools (the sampling unit) regarding atopic eczema symptoms and potential risk factors. We assessed the effect of these risk factors on atopic eczema symptoms using mixed-effect logistic regression models, first with individual-level exposure data and second with school-level exposure prevalence. Overall, 546,348 children from 53 countries were included. At ages 6-7 years, the strongest individual-level associations were with current paracetamol use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37-1.54), which persisted at school-level (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.10-2.21), early-life antibiotics (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.34-1.48), and early-life paracetamol use (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.21-1.36), with the former persisting at the school level, whereas the latter was no longer observed (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.00-1.82 and OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.69-1.28, respectively). At ages 13-14 years, the strongest associations at the individual level were with current paracetamol use (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.51-1.63) and open-fire cooking (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.33-1.62); both were stronger at the school level (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.84-3.59 and OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.52-3.73, respectively). Association with exposure to heavy traffic (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.27-1.36) also persisted at the school level (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.07-1.82). Most individual-and school-level effects were consistent, tending to exclude reverse causation.

Published
2019

42. Prospective analysis of circulating metabolites and breast cancer in EPIC

Author

His, M. Viallon, V. Dossus, L. Gicquiau, A. Achaintre, D. Scalbert, A. Ferrari, P. Romieu, I. Onland-Moret, N.C. Weiderpass, E. Dahm, C.C. Overvad, K. Olsen, A. Tjønneland, A. Fournier, A. Rothwell, J.A. Severi, G. Kühn, T. Fortner, R.T. Boeing, H. Trichopoulou, A. Karakatsani, A. Martimianaki, G. Masala, G. Sieri, S. Tumino, R. Vineis, P. Panico, S. Van Gils, C.H. Nøst, T.H. Sandanger, T.M. Skeie, G. Quirós, J.R. Agudo, A. Sánchez, M.-J. Amiano, P. Huerta, J.M. Ardanaz, E. Schmidt, J.A. Travis, R.C. Riboli, E. Tsilidis, K.K. Christakoudi, S. Gunter, M.J. Rinaldi, S.

Abstract

Background: Metabolomics is a promising molecular tool to identify novel etiologic pathways leading to cancer. Using a targeted approach, we prospectively investigated the associations between metabolite concentrations in plasma and breast cancer risk. Methods: A nested case-control study was established within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort, which included 1624 first primary incident invasive breast cancer cases (with known estrogen and progesterone receptor and HER2 status) and 1624 matched controls. Metabolites (n = 127, acylcarnitines, amino acids, biogenic amines, glycerophospholipids, hexose, sphingolipids) were measured by mass spectrometry in pre-diagnostic plasma samples and tested for associations with breast cancer incidence using multivariable conditional logistic regression. Results: Among women not using hormones at baseline (n = 2248), and after control for multiple tests, concentrations of arginine (odds ratio [OR] per SD = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70-0.90), asparagine (OR = 0.83 (0.74-0.92)), and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) ae C36:3 (OR = 0.83 (0.76-0.90)), aa C36:3 (OR = 0.84 (0.77-0.93)), ae C34:2 (OR = 0.85 (0.78-0.94)), ae C36:2 (OR = 0.85 (0.78-0.88)), and ae C38:2 (OR = 0.84 (0.76-0.93)) were inversely associated with breast cancer risk, while the acylcarnitine C2 (OR = 1.23 (1.11-1.35)) was positively associated with disease risk. In the overall population, C2 (OR = 1.15 (1.06-1.24)) and PC ae C36:3 (OR = 0.88 (0.82-0.95)) were associated with risk of breast cancer, and these relationships did not differ by breast cancer subtype, age at diagnosis, fasting status, menopausal status, or adiposity. Conclusions: These findings point to potentially novel pathways and biomarkers of breast cancer development. Results warrant replication in other epidemiological studies. © 2019 The Author(s).

Published
2019

43. Association of leukocyte DNA methylation changes with dietary folate and alcohol intake in the EPIC study

Author

Perrier, F. Viallon, V. Ambatipudi, S. Ghantous, A. Cuenin, C. Hernandez-Vargas, H. Chajès, V. Baglietto, L. Matejcic, M. Moreno-Macias, H. Kühn, T. Boeing, H. Karakatsani, A. Kotanidou, A. Trichopoulou, A. Sieri, S. Panico, S. Fasanelli, F. Dolle, M. Onland-Moret, C. Sluijs, I. Weiderpass, E. Quirós, J.R. Agudo, A. Huerta, J.M. Ardanaz, E. Dorronsoro, M. Tong, T.Y.N. Tsilidis, K. Riboli, E. Gunter, M.J. Herceg, Z. Ferrari, P. Romieu, I.

Abstract

Background: There is increasing evidence that folate, an important component of one-carbon metabolism, modulates the epigenome. Alcohol, which can disrupt folate absorption, is also known to affect the epigenome. We investigated the association of dietary folate and alcohol intake on leukocyte DNA methylation levels in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Leukocyte genome-wide DNA methylation profiles on approximately 450,000 CpG sites were acquired with Illumina HumanMethylation 450K BeadChip measured among 450 women control participants of a case-control study on breast cancer nested within the EPIC cohort. After data preprocessing using surrogate variable analysis to reduce systematic variation, associations of DNA methylation with dietary folate and alcohol intake, assessed with dietary questionnaires, were investigated using CpG site-specific linear models. Specific regions of the methylome were explored using differentially methylated region (DMR) analysis and fused lasso (FL) regressions. The DMR analysis combined results from the feature-specific analysis for a specific chromosome and using distances between features as weights whereas FL regression combined two penalties to encourage sparsity of single features and the difference between two consecutive features. Results: After correction for multiple testing, intake of dietary folate was not associated with methylation level at any DNA methylation site, while weak associations were observed between alcohol intake and methylation level at CpG sites cg03199996 and cg07382687, with q val = 0.029 and q val = 0.048, respectively. Interestingly, the DMR analysis revealed a total of 24 and 90 regions associated with dietary folate and alcohol, respectively. For alcohol intake, 6 of the 15 most significant DMRs were identified through FL. Conclusions: Alcohol intake was associated with methylation levels at two CpG sites. Evidence from DMR and FL analyses indicated that dietary folate and alcohol intake may be associated with genomic regions with tumor suppressor activity such as the GSDMD and HOXA5 genes. These results were in line with the hypothesis that epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the association between folate and alcohol, although further studies are warranted to clarify the importance of these mechanisms in cancer. © 2019 The Author(s).

Published
2019

44. Are environmental risk factors for current wheeze in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase three due to reverse causation?

Author

Silverwood, Richard J., Rutter, Charlotte E., Mitchell, Edwin A., Asher, M. Innes, Garcia-Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Asher, M. I., Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Brunekreef, B., Crane, J., Ellwood, P., Flohr, C., Foliaki, S., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Marcos, L., Keil, U., Lai, C. K. W., Mallol, J., Mitchell, E. A., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Robertson, C. F., Stewart, A. W., Strachan, D., von Mutius, E., Weiland, S. K., Weinmayr, G., Williams, H. C., Wong, G., Clayton, T. O., Baena-Cagnani, C. E., Gomez, M., Howitt, M. E., Weyler, Joost J., Pinto-Vargas, R., da Cunha, A. J., de Freitas Souza, L., Kuaban, C., Ferguson, A., Rennie, D., Standring, P., Aguilar, P., Amarales, L., Benavides, L. A., Contreras, A., Chen, Y-Z, Kunii, O., Pan, Li, Zhong, N. S., Aristizabal, G., Cepeda, A. M., Ordonez, G. A., Bustos, C., Riikjarv, M-A, Melaku, K., Sa'aga-Banuve, R., Pekkanen, J., Hypolite, I. E., Novak, Z., Zsigmond, G., Awasthi, S., Bhave, S., Hanumante, N. M., Jain, K. C., Joshi, M. K., Khatav, V. A., Mantri, S. N., Pherwani, A. V., Rego, S., Sabir, M., Salvi, S., Setty, G., Sharma, S. K., Singh, V., Sukumaran, T., Babu, P. S. Suresh, Kartasasmita, C. B., Konthen, P., Suprihati, W., Masjedi, M. R., Steriu, A., Koffi, B. N., Odajima, H., al-Momen, J. A., Imanalieva, C., Kudzyte, J., Quah, B. S., Teh, K. H., Baeza-Bacab, M., Barragan-Meijueiro, M., Del-Rio-Navarro, B. E., Garcia-Almaraz, R., Gonzalez-Diaz, S. N., Linares-Zapien, F. J., Merida-Palacio, J. V., Ramirez-Chanona, N., Romero-Tapia, S., Romieu, I., Bouayad, Z., MacKay, R., Moyes, C., Pattemore, P., Onadeko, B. O., Cukier, G., Chiarella, P., Cua-Lim, F., Breborowicz, A., Lis, G., Camara, R., Chiera, M. L., Lopes dos Santos, J. M., Nunes, C., Pinto, J. Rosado, Vlaski, E., Fuimaono, P., Pisi, V., Goh, D. Y., Zar, H. J., Lee, H. B., Blanco-Quiros, A., Busquets, R. M., Carvajal-Uruena, I., Garcia-Hernandez, G., Gonzalez Diaz, C., Lopez-Silvarrey, A., Morales-Suarez-Varela, M., Perez-Yarza, E. G., Musa, O. A., Al-Rawas, O., Mohammad, S., Mohammad, Y., Tabbah, K., Huang, J. L., Kao, C. C., Trakultivakorn, M., Vichyanond, P., Iosefa, T., Burr, M., Holgado, D., Lapides, M. C., Windom, H. H., Aldrey, O., Sole, D., Sears, M., Aguirre, V., Barba, S., Shah, J., Baratawidjaja, K., Nishima, S., de Bruyne, J., Tuuau-Potoi, N., Lai, C. K., Lee, B. W., El Sony, A., Anderson, R., ISAAC Phase Three Study Grp, ISAAC Int Data Ctr, ISAAC Principal Investigators, and ISAAC Natl Coordinators Not

Subjects
Human medicine
Abstract

Background: Phase Three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) measured the global prevalence of symptoms of asthma in children. We undertook comprehensive analyses addressing risk factors for asthma symptoms in combination, at both the individual and the school level, to explore the potential role of reverse causation due to selective avoidance or confounding by indication. Objective: To explore the role of reverse causation in risk factors of asthma symptoms. Methods: We compared two sets of multilevel logistic regression analyses, using (a) individual level exposure data and (b) school level average exposure (ie prevalence), in two different age groups. In individual level analyses, reverse causation is a possible concern if individual level exposure statuses were changed as a result of asthma symptoms or diagnosis. School level analyses may suffer from ecologic confounding, but reverse causation is less of a concern because individual changes in exposure status as a result of asthma symptoms would only have a small effect on overall school exposure levels. Results: There were 131 924 children aged 6-7 years (2428 schools, 25 countries) with complete exposure, outcome and confounder data. The strongest associations in individual level analyses (fully adjusted) were for current paracetamol use (odds ratio = 2.06; 95% confidence interval 1.97-2.16), early life antibiotic use (1.65; 1.58-1.73) and open fire cooking (1.44; 1.26-1.65). In school level analyses, these risk factors again showed increased risks. There were 238 586 adolescents aged 13-14 years (2072 schools, 42 countries) with complete exposure, outcome and confounder data. The strongest associations in individual level analyses (fully adjusted) were for current paracetamol use (1.80; 1.75-1.86), cooking on an open fire (1.32; 1.22-1.43) and maternal tobacco use (1.23; 1.18-1.27). In school level analyses, these risk factors again showed increased risks. Conclusions & clinical relevance: These analyses strengthen the potentially causal interpretation of previously reported individual level findings, by providing evidence against reverse causation.

Published
2019

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