Search

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between dry eye disease(DED)and physical and mental health in teachers, and to explore its mechanism and propose intervention measures.METHODS:Cross-sectional study. A total of 183 teachers from three primary and secondary schools in the urban area of Linyi City, Shandong Province were enrolled in the study. DED symptoms were quantified using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire. A compact version of the depression, anxiety, and stress scale(DASS-21)was used to evaluate psychological state. The relationship between potential influencing factors and DED was evaluated by independent sample t-test of quantitative variables and χ2test of classified variables. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis to determine the influencing factors of DED. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between OSDI score and depression, anxiety and stress.RESULTS: There were 183 teachers, including 44 males(24.0%)and 139 females(76.0%), aged from 22 to 57 years, with an average age of(34.2±8.6)years. The prevalence of DED was 60.0%(109/183; 95%CI 52.4%-66.7%). The prevalence of depression was 26.2%(48/183; 95%CI 19.8%-32.7%); anxiety prevalence was 39.3%(72/183; 95%CI 32.2%-46.5%); and stress prevalence was 23.0%(42/183; 95%CI 16.8%-29.1%). The univariate analysis showed that increased age, increased working years, increased visual display terminal(VDT)application time, longer written working hours, reduced sleep hours, less alcohol consumption, and high scores of depression, anxiety and stress were all factors affecting DED(all P

Fiber stabilizers can significantly extend the road’s service lifeIn the research below, six different types of fibers are selected to research extending the service life of asphalt pavements by improving raw materials in the early stage from the perspective of asphalt concrete material selection based on the renovation of the municipal service road (G321) in Neijiang City, Sichuan ProvinceThe effect and economical efficiency of different materials on extending the service life of asphalt concrete pavements were compared by analyzing the properties of different materials such as high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, water stability, freeze-thaw splitting, etc., and their respective economic benefitsThe results of the research can provide a reference for similar engineering projects.

In the present study, a comparative genome analysis of the novel alkaliphilic actinobacterial Nesterenkonia haasae with other members of the genus Nesterenkonia was performed. The genome size of Nesterenkonia members ranged from 2,188,008 to 3,676,111 bp. N. haasae and Nesterenkonia members of the present study encode the essential glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway genes. In addition, some Nesterenkonia members encode the crucial genes for Entner-Doudoroff pathways. Some Nesterenkonia members possess the genes responsible for sulfate/thiosulfate transport system permease protein/ ATP-binding protein and conversion of sulfate to sulfite. Nesterenkonia members also encode the genes for assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrite reductase, and the urea cycle. All Nesterenkonia members have the genes to overcome environmental stress and produce secondary metabolites. The present study helps to understand N. haasae and Nesterenkonia members’ environmental adaptation and niches specificity based on their specific metabolic properties. Further, based on genome analysis, we propose reclassifying Nesterenkonia jeotgali as a later heterotypic synonym of Nesterenkonia sandarakina.

BackgroundTraditional treatment alone might not effectively control the severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technology used on older adults with mild neurocognitive disorders and adults with major depressive disorder. However, there has been no study conducted on young adolescents with ADHD. This will be the first nationwide study evaluating the efficacy and safety of TPS in the treatment of ADHD among young adolescents in Hong Kong.MethodsThis study proposes a double-blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial including TPS as an intervention group and a sham TPS group. Both groups will be measured at baseline (T1), immediately after the intervention (T2), and at the 1-month (T3) and 3-month follow-ups (T4).RecruitmentA total of 30 subjects aged between 12 and 17 years, diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), will be recruited in this study. All subjects will be computer randomized into either the intervention group or the sham TPS group on a 1:1 ratio.InterventionAll subjects in each group will have to undertake functional MRI (fMRI) before and after six 30-min TPS sessions, which will be completed in 2 weeks' time.OutcomesBaseline measurements and post-TPS evaluation of the ADHD symptoms and executive functions will also be conducted on all participants. The 1- and 3-month follow-up periods will be used to assess the long-term sustainability of the TPS intervention. For statistical analysis, ANOVA with repeated measures will be used to analyze data. Missing data were managed by multiple imputations. The level of significance will be set to p < 0.05.Significance of the studyResults emerging from this study will generate new knowledge to ascertain whether TPS can be used as a top-on treatment for ADHD.Clinical trial registrationclinicaltrails.gov, identifier: NCT05422274.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a health issue that causes serious worldwide economic problems. It has previously been reported that natural polysaccharides have been studied with regard to regulating the gut microbiota, which plays an important role in T2DM. Here, we investigate the effects of Morchella esculenta polysaccharide (MEP) on a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM in BALB/c mice. The administration of MEP effectively regulated hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and improved insulin sensitivity. We also determined an improvement in gut microbiota composition by 16sRNA pyrosequencing. Treatment with MEP showed an increase in beneficial bacteria, i.e., Lactobacillus and Firmicutes, while the proportion of the opportunistic bacteria Actinobacteria, Corynebacterium, and Facklamia decreased. Furthermore, the treatment of T2DM mice with MEP resulted in reduced endotoxemia and insulin resistance-related pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Moreover, MEP treatment improved intestinal permeability by modulating the expression of the colon tight-junction proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, claudin-1, and mucin-2 protein (MUC2). Additionally, MEP administration affects the metagenome of microbial communities in T2DM mice by altering the functional metabolic pathways. All these findings suggested that MEP is a beneficial prebiotic associated with ameliorating the gut microbiota and its metabolites in T2DM.

A graph G is edge-L-colorable if for a given edge assignment L = {L(e) : e ∈ E(G)}, there exists a proper edge-coloring φ of G such that φ(e) ∈ L(e) for all e ∈ E(G). If G is edge-L-colorable for every edge assignment L such that |L(e)| ≥ k for all e ∈ E(G), then G is said to be edge-k-choosable. In this paper, we prove that if G is a planar graph without 6-cycles with two chords, then G is edge-k-choosable, where k = max{7, Δ(G) + 1}, and is edge-t-choosable, where t = max{9, Δ(G)}.

[Objectives] With the traditional smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, there is pressure oscillation in the flow field when simulating hydrodynamic problems involving free surfaces. In order to find out an effective algorithm to suppress pressure oscillation,the effects of two density diffusive algorithms, consisting of density re-normalization and density dissipation on suppressing pressure oscillation,are compared.[Methods] In this paper,a program to quantitatively measure wave elevation was employed and the effects of motion speed on these two algorithms were considered. The sloshing problems were simulated by using these two algorithms,respectively,and the pressure of one point within the fluid field and the wave elevation of the free surface were plotted at different angular velocities.[Results] By comparing the results obtained by the two algorithms,it was found that algorithms with a diffusive term when the coefficient is 0.05 can effectively suppress the pressure oscillation and obtain a more stable pressure and smoother free surface profile at different angular velocities. At a lower angular velocity,the density re-normalization algorithm does not express very well. At a higher angular velocity,both the two algorithms express very well,and suppress the pressure oscillation.[Conclusions] This conclusion makes a considerable contribution to engineering。

Objectives In order to improve the safety performance of marine structures, fully nonlinear numerical simulation study is carried out on the problem of wave-structure interaction.Methods Based on the three-dimensional fully nonlinear time-domain potential flow theory and the higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM), an open water model for the interaction between waves and structures is established. The total velocity potential is decomposed into incident potential and scattering potential by the velocity potential separation technique. The mixed Euler-Lagrange (MEL) method is used to track the particle in the instantaneous free surface, and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to update the instantaneous free surface. In order to calculate wave loads, a virtual function is introduced instead of directly predicting the time derivative of the velocity potential. To prevent waves from reflecting from the far field boundary, an artificial damping layer is placed on the outside of the free surface. In addition, the free surface mesh is generated only once at the initial time, and then the spring approximation method is used to reconstruct the instantaneous free surface mesh without changing the order of mesh nodes, so as to avoid the possible numerical instability.Results On the basis of validating and verifying the present numerical model, a Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit is numerically simulated to study its hydrodynamics. It is found that the motion response of FPSO increases obviously in the resonance section when considering the nonlinear effect, and it is proved that the prediction of the motion of FPSO by the traditional linear method is tend to be risk.Conclusions The work of this paper will provide a more reliable prediction tool for the design of the offshore floating structures and also provide the necessary theoretical basis for the practical application of the offshore floating structures.

With the normalized use of shore power, it has become one of the important measures to improve the atmospheric environment of ports. The utilization rate of shore power for berthing ships will significantly increase, the frequency of electrical equipment usage in the shore power system will significantly increase, and the workload of operation and maintenance will also significantly increase. This article conducts research on the operation and maintenance technology of main electrical equipment, analyzes typical faults, and provides technical support for the collaborative use of shore power by ships and shore to reduce accident hazards, increase system stability and reliability.

Plants have innate immune systems and protective mechanisms to resist the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Unlike mammals, they lack mobile defensive cells and therefore rely on autonomous cell events for protection. These cells have a wide range of recognition capabilities for detecting pathogens, thus filling the gap of the adaptive immune system. These protective mechanisms will remain inactive or latent until they are activated after exposure to inducers or application of stimuli. Only after they are affected by pathogens or the same elicitors do they begin to show an active state. The role of oligosaccharides in plant immunity is gradually attracting widespread attention. Therefore, this paper summarizes the functions of oligosaccharides related to plant immunity and provides examples of induced defense events. The recognition of sugar molecules as signal molecules in plants has also been proposed. In this review, we focus on the development andapplication of oligosaccharides in plant immunity and their potential value in agricultural field.

[Objectives] Flow around hydrofoils under high Reynolds number is always a hot topic in hydrodynamic field due to its complicated principle and difficult calculation. The Discrete Vortex Model (DVM) based on vorticity and stream function formulation is a meshless method,which effectively overcomes the numerical viscous problem. Vortex movement in the flow field with high Reynolds number can also be accurately simulated because of its high resolution in the vortex concentration range. A random vortex method was used to predict the vortex shedding frequency of two-dimensional rigid hydrofoils with high Reynolds number.[Methods] Taking NACA 66 series hydrofoil as an example,the prediction of the frequency was verified by comparing with the experimental data. In addition,the effects of flow velocity and Angle of Attack(AOA) on the frequency of hydrofoil vortex shedding were also discussed and analyzed.[Results] The results show that,the frequency of the vortex shedding increases nonlinearly with the growth of the inflow velocity. And with the increase of the initial AOA of hydrofoil,the size and strength of the vortex rise up and the frequency of the vortex shedding goes down.[Conclusions] The velocity of incoming flow and the initial AOA of hydrofoil have a significant effect on the vortex shedding frequency of two-dimensional hydrofoils,which provide reference for the study on the vortex shedding mechanism of 2D profile of the blade,and even the prediction of the vibration noise of the whole propeller.

The article deals with “Chinese path” ‒ modernization transformation of the Chinese Civilization. It is shown that “Chinese path” reflects the formation and development of a new configuration of Chinese civilization. From civilizational transformation to “the Chinese path” is the gradual historical development, was the failure “to improve the state of construction of the” victory “of the revolution state-building”, the success of the “economic state-building”, constructing a “civilizational state-building”. Socialism with Chinese characteristics liberates and develops the productive forces, creating a socialist market economy, socialist democracy, advanced socialist culture, harmonious socialist society, eco-culture of socialism.

Liver cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Finding molecular markers that can predict prognosis is very important for the treatment of liver cancer. The present research is trying to find a new biomarker for human liver cancer. The analysis of abnormal expression genes and prognosis value on liver cancer by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, the Pathology Atlas of the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and Kaplan Meier-plotter (KM plotter), proved that B3GAT3 might be one of the important candidates. Furthermore, we investigated the specific role of B3GAT3 on liver cancer through the transfection of B3GAT3 siRNA in HepG2 cells. The proliferation was detected using CCK8, and migration and invasion were determined using Transwell assay. Our results proved that knockdown of B3GAT3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, B3GAT3 knockdown inhibited the expression of EMT related proteins, N-cad, Snail, and Twist, while promoting the expression of E-cad, suggesting that B3GAT3 knockdown reversed the EMT process of liver cancer cells. In conclusion, overexpressed B3GAT3 promotes the process of tumor EMT, which is an independent prognostic marker to predict the prognosis of liver cancer and might be a potential new target for liver cancer therapy.

The SR-IOV cryptographic device generates a large number of I/O interrupts when performing operations in a virtualized environment, causing the CPU to frequently switch between the Root mode and the Non-Root mode, which brings huge system performance overhead and affects the operational performance of SR-IOV cryptographic device. Aiming at this problem, the I/O interrupt of SR-IOV cryptographic device was analyzed, and a M/M/1 queuing model according to the cryptographic task first-come-first-served rules was constructed. What’s more, the key factors affecting system performance were analyzed, and the validity of the model via simulation and experiment was verified, and finally the system performance was tested. The results show that the model can quantitatively analyze the impact of the interrupt frequency on the interrupt response time and system queue length.

[Objectives] With the increase in the size of the ship with liquid tanks (LNG, FPSO, FLNG, etc.) and the improvement of work efficiency and operational safety, the coupled problem between the tank sloshing and the resulting ship motions have become more serious. Therefore, to effectively solve it,[Methods] firstly, based on 3D potential flow theory and wave radiation/diffraction theory, the simulation program using the higher-order Boundary Element Method(BEM) which can compute the load and motion of 3D floating structures induced by wave is developed. To verify the accuracy of this simulation program, the simulation results of a FPSO model is compared with the results obtained from the hydrodynamic software HYDROSTAR and AQWA. Secondly, a equation for the ship motions in frequency domain considering the effects of the tank sloshing is established to obtain the coupled motion response by combining the frequency domain solution method for the hydrodynamic coefficient of the tank sloshing with that for the ship motion. Finally, a FPSO ship with two liquid tanks is taken as an example to demonstrate the accuracy of this simulation program.[Results] By comparing the motion responses of the ship with different tank filling levels, it is found that there is a shift in the roll resonance frequency, there are multiple peaks in the coupled roll motion, and different effects are caused due to different tank filling levels.[Conclusions] This study provide a reference for the motion response design of the ship with liquid tanks.

Rice spikelet rot disease (RSRD), caused by Fusarium proliferatum, is an emerging disease. So far, the effects of diseased rice floral organs as well as the primary infection sites and stages of this pathogen are not determined. We investigated changes in the floral organs, along with the infection processes of the pathogen in plants inoculated with F. proliferatum and labelled with a green fluorescent protein during different growth stages of rice. The results showed that RSRD is not a systemic infectious disease, which has negative effects on the fertility of the infected rice. F. proliferatum caused brown colored anthers, crinkled pistils and ovaries, pollen grain deformities and anther indehiscence. The number of pollen grains on the stigmas decreased significantly in the infected spikelets, and the anther dehiscence and seed-setting rate successively declined by 69% and 73%, respectively, as a result of the infection. The initial infection stage occurred at the pollen cell maturity stage, and the primary invasion sites were determined to be the anthers of rice. It was noted that the pathogen mainly damaged the pollen cells, and with the exception of the filaments, proceeded to colonize the pistils and endosperm. Keywords: Fusarium proliferatum, rice spikelet rot disease, green fluorescent protein, infection process, infection stage, invasion site

Objectives With the sustained demand for improving operational efficiency and safety of the offshore platforms with moonpools, the resonance problems become more critical due to the motion of platforms in waves and fluid flow in the moonpools.Methods To effectively solve this problem based on the constant boundary element method of potential flow theory, this paper developed a numerical simulation program to calculate the interaction between wave currents and three-dimensional objects. By selecting an drillship , we carried out frequency-domain numerical calculations for its motion, compared the calculation results of those of AQWA, verified the reliability of the program, then compared the calculation results of wave and current conditions with those of the experiment, and verified the accuracy of the numerical method.Results By comparing the resonance phenomena of ships containing the moonpool in the heave and sway motion under varying length-width ratio conditions and different drafts of the moonpool, different wave incidence angles and with or without sailing speed, the introduction of velocity in the upstream situation will modulate and intensify the common vibration of the moonpool.Conclusions The research can provide a reference for predicting the ship's motion response with the moonpool and reduce the risk of resonance.

Plant stresses causing accumulation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) are scavenged by effective antioxidant defense systems. Therefore, the present study performed genome-wide identification of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) gene families in cultivated and wild soybeans, and 11 other legume species. We identified a total of 101 and 95 genes of SOD and GPX, respectively, across thirteen legume species. The highest numbers of SODs and GPXs were identified in cultivated (Glycine max) and wild (Glycine soja). A comparative phylogenetic study revealed highest homology among the SODs and GPXs of cultivated and wild soybeans relative to other legumes. The exon/intron structure, motif and synteny blocks were conserved in both soybean species. According to Ka/Ks, purifying the selection played the major evolutionary role in these gene families, and segmental duplication are major driving force for SODs and GPXs expansion. In addition, the qRT-PCR analysis of the G. max and G. soja SOD and GPX genes revealed significant differential expression of these genes in response to oxidative, drought and salinity stresses in root tissue. In conclusion, our study provides new insights for the evolution of SOD and GPX gene families in legumes, and provides resources for further functional characterization of these genes for multiple stresses.

Gastric cancer has high malignancy and early metastasis, which lead to poor survival rate. In this study, we assessed the expressions and prognostic values of MS4A family, a newly recently discovered family, by two online dataset, GEPIA and Kaplan Meier-plotter. From these results eight members, MS4A2, MS4A6, MS4A7, MS4A8, MS4A14, MS4A15, TMEM176A and TMEM176B showed positive expression in gastric cancer or normal tissues, and these genes were screened for further analysis of prognostic values. We observed that low mRNA expressions of MS4A2, MS4A7, MS4A14, MS4A15, TMEM176A and TMEM176B were correlated with better overall survival (OS) in all gastric cancer patients, while high mRNA expression of MS4A6 was observed to be associated with good prognosis. MS4A8’s high mRNA level was correlated to better OS in diffuse gastric cancer patients. Further, we estimated prognostic values of MS4A family in gastric cancer patients with different clinic-pathological features, including clinical stages, differentiation level, lymph node status and HER2 status. Our results indicate that these eight MS4A members can estimate prognosis in patients with different pathological groups. In conclusion, MS4A family members are potential biomarkers, and may contribute to tumor progression in gastric cancer.

Background: Schizophrenia is characterized by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, leading to alterations in various molecular pathways that may contribute to its pathogenesis. Recent studies have shown that exosomal microRNAs could play essential roles in various brain disorders; thus, we sought to explore the potential molecular mechanisms through which microRNAs in plasma exosomes are involved in schizophrenia. Methods: We obtained sequencing data sets (SUB12404730, SUB12422862, and SUB12421357) and transcriptome sequencing data sets (GSE111708, GSE108925, and GSE18981) from mouse models of schizophrenia using the Sequence Read Archive and the Gene Expression Omnibus databases, respectively. We performed differential expression analysis on mRNA to identify differentially expressed genes. We conducted Gene Ontology (GO) functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses to determine differentially expressed genes. Subsequently, we determined the intersection of differentially expressed microRNAs in plasma exosomes and in prefrontal cortex tissue. We retrieved downstream target genes of mmu-miR-146a-5p from TargetScan and used Cytoscape to visualize and map the microRNA-target gene regulatory network. We conducted in vivo experiments using MK-801-induced mouse schizophrenia models and in vitro experiments using cultured mouse neurons. The role of plasma exosomal miR-146a-5p in schizophrenia was validated using a cell counting kit, detection of lactate dehydrogenase, dual-luciferase assay, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. Results: Differential genes were mainly enriched in synaptic regulation-related functions and pathways and were associated with neuronal degeneration. We found that mmu-miR-146a-5p was highly expressed in both prefrontal cortical tissue and plasma exosomes, which may be transferred to lobe cortical vertebral neurons, leading to the synergistic dysregulation of gene network functions and, therefore, promoting schizophrenia development. We found that mmu-miR-146a-5p may inhibit the Notch signalling pathwaymediated synaptic activity of mouse pyramidal neurons in the lobe cortex by targeting NOTCH1, which in turn could promote the onset and development of schizophrenia in mice. Limitations: The study's findings are based on animal models and in vitro experiments, which may not fully replicate the complexity of human schizophrenia. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that mmu-miR-146a-5p in plasma-derived exosomes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Our results provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease., Introduction Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder that affects early brain development and is characterized by psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, unclear thinking, and motivational and cognitive dysfunction. (1) Patients [...]

The calculation of water environmental capacity of Puzhehei lake is of great significance for preventing water pollution and protecting water ecological environment of Puzhehei Lake Basin. Based on the lack of hydrological and water quality data in Puzhehei Lake Basin, a large number of basic data were collected through pollution source investigation and water quality monitoring. On this basis, a twodimensional hydrodynamic water quality model of Puzhehei lake was established by using Mike21 model to simulate the migration and diffusion of pollutants into the lake. The current situation of pollution load in Puzhehei lake was analyzed, and the characteristics of water flow, hydrodynamic force and the migration and diffusion law of pollutants in Puzhehei Lake were analyzed. The results show that: ①the annual loads of COD, TN, TP and NH3-N in puzhehai Lake in 2018 are 4090.0t, 401.3t, 34.4t and 122.6t; ②Puzhehei lake is mainly non-point source pollution, and the difference of water environmental capacity between non rainy season and rainy season is very significant.