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Achieving development requires the essential factor; the most important of these factors is human factors. The overall objective of this study was to investigating the factors affecting the ability of agricultural higher education graduates in Iran. The number of samples using Cochran's formula was 280 people who were chosen from the different agricultural fields. The main tool for this study is a questionnaire that the formal validity is obtained with professors and experts opinions and reliability by using Cronbach's alpha research for component were 0.891, 0.940 and 0.944 respectively. The results of research showed that the role of theory courses is the most influential variable that effect the ability of agricultural higher education graduates in Iran. The effect of these variables in three dimensions, basic, technical and organizational ability agricultural graduates was 29%, 34%, and 38% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of oil industry as one of the modern strategies to deal with poverty and unemployment along with activities such as agriculture and manufacturing industries in villages can be an important strategy for the development of village and prevention of rural migration to cities. The aim of this research was investigation of the effects of oil exploration on rural resident welfare (Lavan Island). The research was conducted in the form of a survey study. The population of the study included two sectors: the managers and rural residents in Lavan Island. The necessary data for this research were collected from by 135 (with the use of Cochran formula) rural residents in Lavan Island, they were sampled by using a random sampling method. The reliability of questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach Alpha coefficient for different sections after conducting a pilot study for each structure separately calculated: economic factor 0.96, social - 0.944, and culture - 0.928, respectively. The results of this research showed that the oil industry could improve the rural development process in rural areas: improve the employment, education, family relationship, and better access to water and electricity. The factor analysis results showed that the positive effects of oil industry development could be: economic, social, cultural, and physical factors. These four factors have explained 62% of total variance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]