288 results on '"Sanmartin, Claudia"'
Search Results
2. Comparison of mortality hazard ratios associated with health behaviours in Canada and the United States: a population-based linked health survey study
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Fisher, Stacey, Bennett, Carol, Hennessy, Deirdre, Finès, Philippe, Jessri, Mahsa, Bader Eddeen, Anan, Frank, John, Robertson, Tony, Taljaard, Monica, Rosella, Laura C., Sanmartin, Claudia, Jha, Prabhat, Leyland, Alastair, and Manuel, Douglas G.
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- 2022
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3. The influence of low social support and living alone on premature mortality among aging Canadians
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Renwick, Kelly Ann, Sanmartin, Claudia, Dasgupta, Kaberi, Berrang-Ford, Lea, and Ross, Nancy
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- 2020
4. Sex‐based trajectories of health system use in lonely and not lonely older people: A population‐based cohort study.
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Savage, Rachel D., Sutradhar, Rinku, Luo, Jin, Strauss, Rachel, Guan, Jun, Rochon, Paula A., Gruneir, Andrea, Sanmartin, Claudia, Goel, Vivek, Rosella, Laura C., Stall, Nathan M., Chamberlain, Stephanie A., Yu, Christina, and Bronskill, Susan E.
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MEDICAL care use ,ELDER care ,NATIONAL health services ,HOME care services ,INDEPENDENT living ,RESEARCH funding ,SEX distribution ,LONG-term health care ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,LONGITUDINAL method ,LONELINESS in old age ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,ACTIVE aging - Abstract
Background: There is growing interest in understanding the care needs of lonely people but studies are limited and examine healthcare settings separately. We estimated and compared healthcare trajectories in lonely and not lonely older female and male respondents to a national health survey. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of community‐dwelling, Ontario respondents (65+ years) to the 2008/2009 Canadian Community Health Survey—Healthy Aging. Respondents were classified at baseline as not lonely, moderately lonely, or severely lonely using the Three‐Item Loneliness Scale and then linked with health administrative data to assess healthcare transitions over a 12 ‐year observation period. Annual risks of moving from the community to inpatient, long‐stay home care, long‐term care settings—and death—were estimated across loneliness levels using sex‐stratified multistate models. Results: Of 2684 respondents (58.8% female sex; mean age 77 years [standard deviation: 8]), 635 (23.7%) experienced moderate loneliness and 420 (15.6%) severe loneliness. Fewer lonely respondents remained in the community with no transitions (not lonely, 20.3%; moderately lonely, 17.5%; and severely lonely, 12.6%). Annual transition risks from the community to home care and long‐term care were higher in female respondents and increased with loneliness severity for both sexes (e.g., 2‐year home care risk: 6.1% [95% CI 5.5–6.6], 8.4% [95% CI 7.4–9.5] and 9.4% [95% CI 8.2–10.9] in female respondents, and 3.5% [95% CI 3.1–3.9], 5.0% [95% CI 4.0–6.0], and 5.4% [95% CI 4.0–6.8] in male respondents; 5‐year long‐term care risk: 9.2% [95% CI 8.0–10.8], 11.1% [95% CI 9.3–13.6] and 12.2% [95% CI 9.9–15.3] [female], and 5.3% [95% CI 4.2–6.7], 9.1% [95% CI 6.8–12.5], and 10.9% [95% CI 7.9–16.3] [male]). Conclusions: Lonely older female and male respondents were more likely to need home care and long‐term care, with severely lonely female respondents having the highest probability of moving to these settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Exploring the use of experimental small area estimates to examine the relationship between individual-level and area-level community belonging and self-rated health.
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Mah, Sarah M., Brown, Mark, Colley, Rachel C., Rosella, Laura C., Schellenberg, Grant, and Sanmartin, Claudia
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SMALL area statistics ,SECONDARY research ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,REGRESSION analysis ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Background Small area estimation refers to statistical modelling procedures that leverage information or "borrow strength" from other sources or variables. This is done to enhance the reliability of estimates of characteristics or outcomes for areas that do not contain sufficient sample sizes to provide disaggregated estimates of adequate precision and reliability. There is growing interest in secondary research applications for small area estimates (SAEs). However, it is crucial to assess the analytic value of these estimates when used as proxies for individual-level characteristics or as distinct measures that offer insights at the area level. This study assessed novel area-level community belonging measures derived using small area estimation and examined associations with individual-level measures of community belonging and self-rated health. Data and methods SAEs of community belonging within census tracts produced from the 2016-2019 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were merged with respondent data from the 2020 CCHS. Multinomial logistic regression models were run between area-level SAEs, individual-level sense of community belonging, and self-rated health on the study sample of people aged 18 years and older. Results Area-level community belonging was associated with individual-level community belonging, even after adjusting for individual-level sociodemographic characteristics, despite limited agreement between individual- and area-level measures. Living in a neighbourhood with low community belonging was associated with higher odds of reporting being in fair or poor health, versus being in very good or excellent health (odds ratio: 1.53; 95% confidence interval: 1.22, 1.91), even after adjusting for other factors such as individual-level sense of community belonging, which was also associated with self-rated health. Interpretation Area-level and individual-level sense of community belonging were independently associated with self-rated health. The novel SAEs of community belonging can be used as distinct measures of neighbourhood-level community belonging and should be understood as complementary to, rather than proxies for, individual-level measures of community belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Effects of Cardiovascular Health Shocks on Spouses’ Work and Earnings: A National Study
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Jeon, Sung-Hee, Stepner, Michael, Rotermann, Michelle, Fransoo, Randy, Sanmartin, Claudia, Scales, Damon C., Wunsch, Hannah, Iwashyna, Theodore J., and Garland, Allan
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- 2020
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7. Effects of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health events on work and earnings: a population-based retrospective cohort study
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Garland, Allan, Jeon, Sung-Hee, Stepner, Michael, Rotermann, Michelle, Fransoo, Randy, Wunsch, Hannah, Scales, Damon C., Iwashyna, Theodore J., and Sanmartin, Claudia
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Quality of life -- Analysis ,Patient compliance -- Analysis ,Heart attack -- Research ,Health - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Survivors of acute health events can experience lasting reductions in functional status and quality of life, as well as reduced ability to work and earn income. We aimed to assess the effect of acute myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest and stroke on work and earning among working-age people.METHODS: For this retrospective cohort study, we used the Canadian Hospitalization and Taxation Database, which contains linked hospital and income tax data, from 2005 to 2013 to perform difference-in-difference analyses. We matched patients admitted to hospital for acute MI, cardiac arrest or stroke with controls who were not admitted to hospital for these indications. Participants were aged 40-61 years, worked in the 2 years before the event and were alive 3 years after the event. Patients were matched to controls for 11 variables. The primary outcome was working status 3 years postevent. We also assessed earnings change attributable to the event. We matched 19129 participants who were admitted to hospital with acute MI, 1043 with cardiac arrest and 4395 with stroke to 1820 644, 307 375 and 888481 controls, respectively.RESULTS: Fewer of the patients who were admitted to hospital were working 3 years postevent than controls for acute MI (by 5.0 percentage points [pp], 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.5-5.5), cardiac arrest (by 12.9 pp, 95% CI 10.415.3) and stroke (by 19.8 pp, 95% CI 18.5-23.5). Mean (95% CI) earnings declines attributable to the events were $3834 (95% CI 3346-4323) for acute MI, $11143 (95% CI 8962-13324) for cardiac arrest, and $13 278 (95% CI 12 30114 255) for stroke. The effects on income were greater for patients who had lower baseline earnings, comorbid disease, longer hospital length of stay or needed mechanical ventilation. Sex, marital status or self-employment status did not affect income declines.INTERPRETATION: Acute MI, cardiac arrest and stroke all resulted in substantial loss in employment and earnings that persisted for at least 3 years after the events. These outcomes have consequences for patients, families, employers and governments. Identification of subgroups at high risk for these losses may assist in targeting interventions, policies and legislation to promote return to work., Serious acute health events can be life-altering, because survivors can experience lasting reductions in functional status and quality of life. The ability to work and earn income--labour market outcomes--are important [...]
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- 2019
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8. Vaccine-preventable disease-related hospitalization among immigrants and refugees to Canada: Study of linked population-based databases
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Ng, Edward, Sanmartin, Claudia, Elien-Massenat, Dominique, and Manuel, Douglas G.
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- 2016
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9. Association of body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat among BMI-defined non-obese middle-aged individuals : Insights from a population-based Canadian sample
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Collins, Kelsey H., Sharif, Behnam, Sanmartin, Claudia, Reimer, Raylene A., Herzog, Walter, Chin, Rick, and Marshall, Deborah A.
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- 2016
10. Quality of administrative health databases in Canada : A scoping review
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Hinds, Aynslie, Lix, Lisa M., Smith, Mark, Quan, Hude, and Sanmartin, Claudia
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- 2016
11. Association of Metabolic Markers with self-reported osteoarthritis among middle-aged BMI-defined non-obese individuals: a cross-sectional study
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Collins, Kelsey H., Sharif, Behnam, Reimer, Raylene A., Sanmartin, Claudia, Herzog, Walter, Chin, Rick, and Marshall, Deborah A.
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- 2018
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12. Development and validation of a cardiovascular disease risk-prediction model using population health surveys: the cardiovascular Disease Population Risk Tool (cVDPoRT)
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Manuel, Douglas G., Tuna, Meltem, Bennett, Carol, Hennessy, Deirdre, Rosella, Laura, Sanmartin, Claudia, Tu, Jack V., Perez, Richard, Fisher, Stacey, and Taljaard, Monica
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Clinical trials -- Analysis ,Health surveys -- Analysis ,Outcome and process assessment (Medical care) -- Analysis ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Development and progression -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis ,Health - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Routinely collected data from large population health surveys linked to chronic disease outcomes create an opportunity to develop more complex risk-prediction algorithms. We developed a predictive algorithm to estimate 5-year risk of incident cardiovascular disease in the community setting. METHODS: We derived the Cardiovascular Disease Population Risk Tool (CVDPoRT) using prospectively collected data from Ontario respondents of the Canadian Community Health Surveys, representing 98% of the Ontario population (survey years 2001 to 2007; follow-up from 2001 to 2012) linked to hospital admission and vital statistics databases. Predictors included body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and multiple behavioural, demographic and general health risk factors. The primary outcome was the first major cardiovascular event resulting in hospital admission or death. Death from a noncardiovascular cause was considered a competing risk. RESULTS: We included 104 219 respondents aged 20 to 105 years. There were 3709 cardiovascular events and 818478 person-years follow-up in the combined derivation and validation cohorts (5-year cumulative incidence function, men: 0.026, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.025-0.028; women: 0.018, 95% 0.017-0.019). The final CVDPoRT algorithm contained 12 variables, was discriminating (men: C statistic 0.82, 95% CI 0.81-0.83; women: 0.86, 95% CI 0.85-0.87) and was well-calibrated in the overall population (5-year observed cumulative incidence function v. predicted risk, men: 0.28%; women: 0.38%) and in nearly all predefined policy-relevant subgroups (206 of 208 groups). INTERPRETATION: The CVDPoRT algorithm can accurately discriminate cardiovascular disease risk for a wide range of health profiles without the aid of clinical measures. Such algorithms hold potential to support precision medicine for individual or population uses. Study registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT02267447, Big data' has the potential to support personalized or precision medicine through more complex risk-prediction algorithms with more predictors. (1-3) These data can be used to accurately assess disease risk [...]
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- 2018
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13. Direct healthcare costs of acute myocardial infarction in Canada’s elderly across the continuum of care
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Cohen, Deborah, Manuel, Douglas G., Tugwell, Peter, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Ramsay, Tim
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- 2014
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14. Sodium, added sugar and saturated fat intake in relation to mortality and CVD events in adults: Canadian National Nutrition Survey linked with vital statistics and health administrative databases.
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Jessri, Mahsa, Hennessey, Deirdre, Bader Eddeen, Anan, Bennett, Carol, Zhang, Zefeng, Yang, Quanhe, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Manuel, Douglas
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DATABASES ,CAUSES of death ,SATURATED fatty acids ,MORTALITY ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,DISEASE incidence ,PUBLIC health ,VITAL statistics ,SURVEYS ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CARBOHYDRATES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DIETARY sodium ,LONGITUDINAL method ,ADULTS - Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether higher intakes of Na, added sugars and saturated fat are prospectively associated with all-cause mortality and CVD incidence and mortality in a diverse population. The nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition 2004 was linked with the Canadian Vital Statistics – Death Database and the Discharge Abstract Database (2004–2011). Outcomes were all-cause mortality and CVD incidence and mortality. There were 1722 mortality cases within 115 566 person-years of follow-up (median (interquartile range) of 7·48 (7·22–7·70) years). There was no statistically significant association between Na density or energy from saturated fat and all-cause mortality or CVD events for all models investigated. The association of usual percentage of energy from added sugars and all-cause mortality was significant in the base model with participants consuming 11·47 % of energy from added sugars having 1·34 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·77) times higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with those consuming 4·17 % of energy from added sugars. Overall, our results did not find statistically significant associations between the three nutrients and risk of all-cause mortality or CVD events at the population level in Canada. Large-scale linked national nutrition datasets may not have the discrimination to identify prospective impacts of nutrients on health measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Mortality and Life Expectancy Lost in Canada Attributable to Dietary Patterns: Evidence From Canadian National Nutrition Survey Linked to Routinely Collected Health Administrative Databases.
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Jessri, Mahsa, Hennessey, Deirdre, Eddeen, Ana Bader, Bennett, Carol, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Manuel, Douglas
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CAUSES of death ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MORTALITY ,LIFE expectancy ,DIET ,COMMUNITY health services ,SURVEYS ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,ETIOLOGIC fraction ,NUTRITIONAL status ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Using 5 diet quality indexes, we estimated the mortality and life expectancy lost, at the national level, attributable to poor dietary patterns, which had previously been largely unknown. We used the Canadian Community Health Survey 2004, linked to vital statistics (n = 16,212 adults; representing n = 22,898,880). After a median follow-up of 7.5 years, 1,722 deaths were recorded. Population attributable fractions were calculated to estimate the mortality burden of poor dietary patterns (Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index 2015, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, and Mediterranean Style Dietary Pattern Score). Better diet quality was associated with a 32%–51% and 21%–43% reduction in all-cause mortality among adults aged 45–80 years and ≥20 years, respectively. Projected life expectancy at 45 years was longer for Canadians adhering to a healthy dietary pattern (average of 5.2–8.0 years (men) and 1.6–4.1 (women)). At the population level, 26.5%–38.9% (men) and 8.9%–22.9% (women) of deaths were attributable to poor dietary patterns. Survival benefit was greater for individuals with higher scores on all diet indexes, even with relatively small intake differences. The large attributable burden was likely from assessing overall dietary patterns instead of a limited range of foods and nutrients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Exploring the intersectionality of characteristics among those who experienced opioid overdoses: A cluster analysis.
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Chu, Kenneth, Carrière, Gisèle, Garner, Rochelle, Bosa, Keven, Hennessy, Deirdre, and Sanmartin, Claudia
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CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,DRUG overdose ,MEDICAL care ,EMPLOYMENT statistics ,OPIOID epidemic - Abstract
Background: As Canada continues to experience an opioid crisis, it is important to understand the intersection between the demographic, socioeconomic and service use characteristics of those experiencing opioid overdoses to better inform prevention and treatment programs. Data and methods: The Statistics Canada British Columbia Opioid Overdose Analytical File (BCOOAF) represents people's opioid overdoses between January 2014 and December 2016 (n = 13,318). The BCOOAF contains administrative health data from British Columbia linked to Statistics Canada data, including on health, employment, social assistance and police contacts. Cluster analysis was conducted using the k-prototypes algorithm. Results: The results revealed a six-cluster solution, composed of three groups (A, B and C), each with two distinct clusters (1 and 2). Individuals in Group A were predominantly male, used non-opioid prescription medications and had varying levels of employment. Individuals in Cluster A1 were employed, worked mostly in construction, had high incomes and had a high rate of fatal overdoses, while individuals in Cluster A2 were precariously employed and had varying levels of income. Individuals in Group B were predominantly female; were mostly taking prescription opioids, with about one quarter or less receiving opioid agonist treatment (OAT); mostly had precarious to no employment; and had low to no income. People in Cluster B1 were primarily middle-aged (45 to 65 years) and on social assistance, while people in Cluster B2 were older, more frequently used health services and had no social assistance income. Individuals in Group C were primarily younger males aged 24 to 44 years, with higher prevalence of having experienced multiple overdoses, were medium to high users of health care services, were mostly unemployed and were recipients of social assistance. Most had multiple contacts with police. Those in Cluster C1 predominantly had no documented use of prescription opioid medications, and all had no documented OAT, while all individuals in Cluster C2 were on OAT. Interpretation: The application of machine learning techniques to a multidimensional database enables an intersectional approach to study those experiencing opioid overdoses. The results revealed distinct patient profiles that can be used to better target interventions and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Does living near hospital obscure the association between active living environments and hospitalization?
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Mah, Sarah M., Herrmann, Thomas, Sanmartin, Claudia, Riva, Mylène, Dasgupta, Kaberi, and Ross, Nancy A.
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- 2022
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18. Predictive risk algorithms in a population setting: an overview
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Manuel, Douglas G, Rosella, Laura C, Hennessy, Deirdre, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Wilson, Kumanan
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- 2012
19. Understanding Financial Barriers to Care in Patients With Diabetes: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
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Campbell, David J. T., Manns, Braden J., Hemmelgarn, Brenda R., Sanmartin, Claudia, Edwards, Alun, and King-Shier, Kathryn
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- 2017
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20. Use of Mixed Methods Research in Research on Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension: A Scoping Review
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Campbell, David J.T., Tam-Tham, Helen, Dhaliwal, Kirnvir K., Manns, Braden J., Hemmelgarn, Brenda R., Sanmartin, Claudia, and King-Shier, Kathryn
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- 2017
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21. Neighbourhood immigrant concentration and hospitalization: a multilevel analysis of cardiovascular-related admissions in Ontario using linked data
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Omariba, D. Walter Rasugu, Ross, Nancy A., Sanmartin, Claudia, and Tu, Jack V.
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Hospitalization -- Forecasts and trends ,Emigration and immigration -- Health aspects ,Medical research ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Care and treatment ,Environmental health -- Research ,Market trend/market analysis ,Government ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of neighbourhood immigrant concentration on cardiovascular-disease-related hospitalizations in Canada (CVDH), while adjusting for individual-level immigrant status and socio-economic indicators at individual and neighbourhood levels. METHODS: Data were from the 2006 Canadian Census linked to the hospital Discharge Abstract Data (DAD) for the province of Ontario. Adults (n = 1,459,950) aged [greater than or equal to] 18 years at baseline and grouped by place of birth (Canada, China, South Asia, Europe, and other) were followed between Census Day May 16, 2006 and March 31, 2008. Information on CVDH was obtained from the DAD, while that on immigration and socio-economic indicators was obtained from the Census. The analysis used multilevel logistic regression. RESULTS: Unadjusted results showed that CVDH was significantly lower among people living in neighbourhoods with medium and high immigrant concentration. Neighbourhood immigrant concentration tended to have no independent effect on CVDH after adjustment for individual-level immigrant status. Immigrants were less likely to experience CVDH irrespective of their country of birth. However, cross-level interaction showed that neighbourhood immigrant concentration provided additional protection to individual-level immigrant status against CVDH for most female immigrant groups, but only for South Asian males. CONCLUSION: This study resulted from the first-ever linkage of census data to hospitalization data in Canada. It is also the first Canadian study to report on neighbourhood variation and the effect of immigrant concentration on CVDH. The study shows that understanding immigrant health requires both individual and neighbourhood approaches, and a consideration of country of origin. KEY WORDS: Hospitalization; immigrants; cardiovascular diseases; neighbourhoods; data linkage La traduction du resume se trouve a la fin de l'article. OBJECTIF : Evaluer l'influence de la concentration d'immigrants au niveau des quartiers sur les hospitalisations liees aux maladies cardiovasculaires (HLMCV) au Canada, tout en tenant compte du statut d'immigrant au niveau individuel et des indicateurs socioeconomiques aux niveaux individuel et du quartier. METHODE : Les donnees du Recensement du Canada 2006 ont ete liees a celles du registre des sorties des hopitaux (RSH) de la province de l'Ontario. Les adultes (n=1 459 950) de [greater than or equal to] 18 ans au depart, regroupes selon leur lieu de naissance (Canada, Chine, Asie du Sud, Europe et autre), ont ete suivis entre le jour du recensement (le 16 mai 2006) et le 31 mars 2008. L'information sur les HLMCV provient du RSH, tandis que celle sur l'immigration et les indicateurs socioeconomiques provient du Recensement. Les donnees ont ete analysees par regression logistique multiniveau. RESULTATS : Les resultats avant ajustement montrent que les HLMCV etaient significativement plus faibles chez les personnes vivant dans des quartiers a concentrations moyennes et elevees d'immigrants. La concentration d'immigrants dans les quartiers avait tendance a n'avoir aucun effet independant sur les HLMCV une fois pris en compte le statut d'immigrant individuel. Les immigrants etaient moins susceptibles de subir des HLMCV, peu importe leur pays de naissance. Toutefois, l'interaction transversale a montre que la concentration d'immigrants dans les quartiers offrait une protection supplementaire contre les HLMCV a la plupart des groupes de femmes immigrantes, mais chez les hommes, seulement aux immigrants d'Asie du Sud. CONCLUSION : Cette etude est le resultat du tout premier maillage entre les donnees du Recensement et des donnees sur les hospitalisations au Canada. C'est aussi la premiere etude canadienne a aborder les ecarts par quartier et l'effet de la concentration d'immigrants sur les HLMCV. L'etude montre que pour comprendre la sante des immigrants, il faut allier l'approche individuelle et l'approche par quartier et tenir compte du pays d'origine. MOTS CLES : hospitalisation; immigrants; maladies cardiovasculaires; quartiers; maillage de donnees, Although empirical studies generally show that compositional effects are relatively more important predictors of health, contextual effects (where people live) also matter. (1,2) More importantly, unlike human behaviour that puts [...]
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- 2014
22. Socioeconomic Status and Utilization of Health Care Services in Canada and the United States: Findings From a Binational Health Survey
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Blackwell, Debra L., Martinez, Michael E., Gentleman, Jane F., Sanmartin, Claudia, and Berthelot, Jean-Marie
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- 2009
23. 'There are too many of us to fix.' Patients' views of acceptable waiting times for hip and knee replacement
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Conner-Spady, Barbara, Sanmartin, Claudia, Johnston, Geoffrey, McGurran, John, Kehler, Melissa, and Noseworthy, Tom
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- 2009
24. Does higher spending improve survival outcomes for myocardial infarction? Examining the cost-outcomes relationship using time-varying covariates
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Cohen, Deborah, Manuel, Douglas G., Tugwell, Peter, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Ramsay, Tim
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Health care costs -- Economic aspects -- Forecasts and trends ,Heart attack -- Health aspects -- Analysis ,Cardiac patients -- Economic aspects -- Analysis -- Statistics -- Care and treatment ,Business ,Health care industry - Abstract
Objectives. Previous patient-level acute myocardial infarction (AMI) research has found higher hospital spending to be associated with improved survival; however, survivor-treatment selection bias traditionally has been overlooked. The purpose of this study was to examine the AMI cost-outcome relationship, taking into account this form of bias. Data Sources. Hospital Discharge Abstract data tracked costs for AMI hospitalizations. Ontario Vital Statistics data tracked patient mortality. Study Design. A standard Cox survival model was compared to an extended Cox model using hospital costs as a time-varying covariate to examine the impact of cost on 1-year survival in a cohort of 30,939 first-time AMI patients in Ontario, Canada, from 2007 to 2010. Principal Findings. Higher patient-level AMI spending decreased the hazard of dying (Standard Model: log-cost hazard ratio: 0.513, 95 percent CI: 0.479-0.549; Extended Model: log-cost hazard ratio: 0.700, 95 percent CI: 0.645-0.758); however, the protective effect was overestimated by 62 percent when survivor-treatment bias was overlooked. In the extended model, a 10 percent increase in spending was associated with a 3.6 percent decrease in hazard of death. Conclusion. The findings of this study suggest that if survivor-treatment bias is overlooked, future research may materially overstate the protective effect of patient-level spending on outcomes. Key Words. Myocardial infarction, time-varying covariates, cost-outcome relationships, survivor-treatment selection bias, Decades of rising health expenditures in most industrialized countries have reinforced efforts to reduce costs while maximizing patient outcomes (OECD 2013). In the United States, the Affordable Care Act of [...]
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- 2015
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25. Risk of work loss due to illness or disability in patients with osteoarthritis: a population-based cohort study
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Sharif, Behnam, Garner, Rochelle, Sanmartin, Claudia, Flanagan, William M., Hennessy, Deirdre, and Marshall, Deborah A.
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- 2016
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26. Perspectives of orthopaedic surgeons on patientsʼ appropriateness for total joint arthroplasty: a qualitative study
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Frankel, Lucy, Sanmartin, Claudia, Hawker, Gillian, De Coster, Carolyn, Dunbar, Michael, Bohm, Eric, and Noseworthy, Tom
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- 2016
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27. The Influence of Psychosocial Factors on Hospital Length of Stay Among Aging Canadians.
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Renwick, Kelly Ann, Sanmartin, Claudia, Dasgupta, Kaberi, Berrang-Ford, Lea, and Ross, Nancy
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LENGTH of stay in hospitals ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,LIVING alone ,INDEPENDENT variables ,SOCIAL support - Abstract
Background: Hospital stays that are prolonged due to non-clinical factors are costly to health care systems and are likely suboptimal for patient well-being. We assessed the influence of psychosocial factors on hospital length of stay (LOS) for older Canadians in a retrospective cohort study. Data and Methods: Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey were linked with the Discharge Abstract Database. Analyses were stratified by age, 55–64 (n = 1,060) and 65 and older (n = 2,718). Main predictor variables of interest included four measures of social support, sense of belonging, and living alone. Multivariate models of LOS adjusted for age, sex, income, smoking, and frailty. Results: Among the younger respondents, low positive social interactions, low emotional/informational support, and living alone were associated with a longer LOS. Among respondents 65 and older, low affection, low positive social interactions, low emotional/informational support, and a weak sense of belonging were associated with a longer LOS. Discussion: Having low social support is associated with longer hospital stays in this Canadian cohort. Social support may influence LOS as risk factors for poor health and precarious care in the community. Mitigating these risk factors could reduce the economic burden that is played out through longer hospital stays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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28. Linkage of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey - Nutrition 2004 to routinely collected mortality records.
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Jessri, Mahsa, Hennessy, Deirdre, Eddeen, Anan Bader, Bennett, Carol, Garriguet, Didier, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Manuel, Douglas
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HEALTH surveys ,PUBLIC health ,SERVER farms (Computer network management) ,NUTRITION ,VITAL statistics - Abstract
Introduction: The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) - Nutrition 2004 (n=35,107; interview dates from January 2004 to January 2005) linked to the Canadian Vital Statistics - Death Database (CVSD) (2011) represents a novel linkage of a population-based, nationally representative nutrition survey with routinely collected mortality records (including date and cause of death). The linkage was done through individual tax data in Canada, and contains longitudinal records for 29,897 Canadians aged 0 years and older--1,753 of whom died--in the 10 provinces of Canada. The median follow-up time was 7.49 years, with 102,953 personyears among males and 114,876 person-years among females (unweighted), and included a special sampling survey weight (for linked data) to account for those who did not agree to share and link their information. The CCHS - Nutrition 2004 linked to CVSD has been used to evaluate associations between lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics and mortality. Using these data, statistical methods have been developed and tested to control random and systematic measurement errors when evaluating the relationship between different dietary exposures (evaluated using repeated 24-hour dietary recalls) and health outcomes. The linked data are available through Statistics Canada's Research Data Centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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29. Rates of cancer incidence across terciles of the foreign-born population in Canada from 2001-2006
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Carriere, Gisele M., Sanmartin, Claudia, Bryant, Heather, and Lockwood, Gina
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Immigrants -- Health aspects ,Cancer -- Distribution -- Risk factors ,Company distribution practices ,Government ,Health ,Health care industry - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To address the issue of comparative risk of cancer in Canada's immigrant population, an area-based methodology was applied to examine whether or not estimated cancer incidence rates among individuals living in given areas vary systematically according to the concentration of foreign-born individuals living in the same area. This method provides an alternative, accessible surveillance method in the absence of linked individual-level information to extend the work of others by providing both national and subnational standardized, hence comparable, results to address this issue. METHODS: Canadian Cancer Registry data (2001 to 2006) and 2006 Census data provided dissemination area information regarding the concentration of the foreign-born population and population estimates for rate denominators. Cancer (all cause and cause-specific) incidence rate ratios (age-standardized and by age/sex) were calculated by foreign-born concentration areas at both national and regional levels. RESULTS: An inverse gradient was identified between cancer incidence rates and area concentration of foreign-born, with the all-sites cancer rate ranging from a low of 388 per 100,000 among individuals living in areas with a high concentration of foreign-born to a high of 493 per 100,000 among individuals living in areas with a low concentration of foreign-born. This pattern occurred nationally for lung, colorectal, prostate and female breast cancers. However, for liver, nasopharynx, and thyroid cancers, higher cancer rates were observed in areas with a higher versus lower concentration of foreign-born populations. CONCLUSION: The study findings provide suggestive evidence of decreased cancer risk among foreign-born populations for most cancers except nasopharynx, liver and thyroid for which risks were higher. The results of this study demonstrate the value of ecological-based methods for disease surveillance in the absence of individual-level information on immigrant status in the national cancer registry. KEY WORDS: Immigrants; cancer incidence; vital statistics OBJECTIFS: Pour aborder la question du risque comparatif de cancer dans la population immigrante du Canada, nous avons applique une methode regionale pour determiner si les taux d'incidence estimatifs du cancer chez les residents de certaines regions varient systematiquement selon la concentration de personnes nees a l'etranger vivant dans la meme region. En l'absence de donnees individuelles maillees, une telle methode offre une solution de surveillance accessible pour completer le travail d'autres chercheurs; elle offre des resultats a la fois nationaux et sousnationaux standardises, et donc comparables, pour aborder la question. METHODE: Les donnees du Registre canadien du cancer (2001 a 2006) et celles du Recensement de 2006 ont fourni de l'information par aire de diffusion sur la concentration de personnes nees a l'etranger et des estimations demographiques pour les denominateurs des taux. Les ratios des taux d'incidence (standardises pour l'age et pour l'age/le sexe) du cancer (toutes causes confondues et par cause) ont ete calcules pour chaque zone de concentration de personnes nees a l'etranger a l'echelle nationale et regionale. RESULTATS: Nous avons observe un gradient inverse entre les taux d'incidence du cancer et la concentration regionale de personnes nees a l'etranger: les taux de cancer tous sites confondus variaient de 388 p. 100 000 (chez les residents des regions a forte concentration de personnes nees a l'etranger) a 493 p. 100 000 (chez les residents des regions a faible concentration de personnes nees a l'etranger). Cette tendance se manifestait a l'echelle nationale pour les cancers du poumon, colorectal et de la prostate et pour le cancer du sein feminin. Toutefois, pour les cancers du foie, du nasopharynx et de la thyroide, nous avons observe des taux de cancer superieurs dans les regions a forte plutot qu'a faible concentration de personnes nees a l'etranger. CONCLUSION: Les constatations de l'etude donnent a penser que le risque de cancer est reduit au sein des populations nees a l'etranger pour la plupart des cancers sauf ceux du nasopharynx, du foie et de la thyroide, pour lesquels les risques sont superieurs. Ces resultats demontrent la valeur des methodes ecologiques pour la surveillance des maladies en l'absence de donnees individuelles sur le statut d'immigrant dans le registre national du cancer. MOTS CLES: immigrants; incidence du cancer; statistiques de l'etat civil La traduction du resume se trouve a la fin de l'article., Understanding the potential impact of immigration trends on Canada's public health program needs is increasingly important. In 2006, an estimated 6.2 million immigrants comprised 19.8% of Canada's population, (1) and [...]
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- 2013
30. Perspectives of Canadian Stakeholders on Criteria for Appropriateness for Total Joint Arthroplasty in Patients With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis
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Hawker, Gillian, Bohm, Eric R., Conner-Spady, Barbara, De Coster, Carolyn, Dunbar, Michael, Hennigar, Allan, Loucks, Lynda, Marshall, Deborah A., Pomey, Marie-Pascale, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Noseworthy, Tom
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- 2015
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31. Understanding the socioeconomic profile of people who experienced opioid overdoses in British Columbia, 2014 to 2016
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Statistics Canada, Carrière, Gisèle, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Garner, Rochelle
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Adult ,Male ,Transients and Migrants ,British Columbia ,Construction Industry ,Emigrants and Immigrants ,Public Assistance ,Middle Aged ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,Police ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Opiate Overdose ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Unemployment ,Income ,Humans ,Female ,Crime - Abstract
Following the 2016 opioid overdose emergency declaration in British Columbia (B.C.), provincial stakeholders collaborated to link data that resulted in the B.C. Provincial Overdose Cohort. This database provides information about people who have experienced opioid overdoses to inform policy and intervention developments. Subsequently, Statistics Canada likewise constructed a cohort and integrated federal data to broaden the scope of the B.C. initiative. This provided federally sourced information about people's circumstances that was not otherwise available.The Statistics Canada British Columbia Opioid Overdose Analytical File further characterizes the socioeconomic circumstances of 13,318 people who experienced illicit drug toxicity deaths and non-fatal opioid overdoses in B.C. between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2016. Statistics Canada linked federal data on immigration, employment, the justice system and social assistance receipt in the year of, and prior to, people's first overdose.During the observation period, most people (78%) had one overdose episode, rather than several. Seven percent were immigrants or temporary residents, 41% of whom arrived in Canada more than 20 years before their index overdose. Half (49.6%) had not received social assistance, and one-third (33.8%) were employed-primarily within construction (21% of those employed)-in the year prior to their index overdose. Most employed people (65.5%) experienced periods of unemployment within five years prior to their index overdose. Employment was more prevalent among people who experienced illicit-drug toxicity death (36.1%). About 60% of people had not had any formal police contact within the two years prior to the index overdose.This project demonstrated further added value to existing data by using this linkage approach and aligned with strategies underway by BC public health partners to provide cross-sectoral evidence to inform efforts to prevent and manage opioid overdoses.
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- 2021
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32. Hospitalization related to chronic hepatitis B and C in recent immigrants in Canada: An immigration administrative data-linked, population-based cohort study.
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Ng, Edward, Quinlan, Jacklyn, Giovinazzo, George, Syoufi, Maria, Massenat, Dominique Elien, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Cooper, Curtis
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CHRONIC hepatitis B ,HEPATITIS C virus ,HEPATITIS B virus ,CANADIANS ,HOSPITAL care - Abstract
Background Canadian immigrants from countries where the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are endemic may be at higher risk of liver-related disease than Canadian-born residents. This study compared HBV- and HCV-related hospitalizations in Canadian immigrants (arriving from 1980 to 2013) and longterm residents (Canadian-born population and pre-1980 immigrants) and aimed to describe the burden of disease in both groups. Methods Based on the 2004/2005-to-2013/2014 hospital Discharge Abstract Database linked to the 1980-to-2013 Longitudinal Immigration Database, this descriptive cross-sectional study examined the distribution of HBV- and HCV-related hospitalizations, lengths of stay, comorbidities, and sequelae incurred by immigrants and long-term residents in Canada. With a linkage rate of 85%, 5,854,949 immigrants were included in the study. Proportions of HBV- and HCV-related hospitalizations attributable to immigrants were calculated. Results By birth country risk level, 22% of HBV-related hospital events among recent immigrants, and 20% of those related to HCV, were among people from high-risk countries. Proportionally, fewer immigrants had comorbidities than long-term residents. The top two hospital-related sequelae in both groups were cirrhosis and ascites, and liver cancer. While immigrants made up 16% of the Canadian population, they incurred 37% of HBV-related hospitalizations and 9% of HCVrelated hospitalizations, giving ratios of hepatitis-related hospitalizations relative to the population share of 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2 to 2.5) and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.5 to 0.6) respectively. These ratios were higher among seniors, at 4.4 (95% CI: 3.9 to 4.9) and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.9 to 2.6), respectively. Interpretation Immigrants can require hospitalization for hepatitis in Canada, especially for HBV. These results may inform health screening for HBV or HCV in the Canadian immigration context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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33. The CANHEART health index: a tool for monitoring the cardiovascular health of the Canadian population
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Maclagan, Laura C., Park, Jungwee, Sanmartin, Claudia, Mathur, Karan R., Roth, Doug, Manuel, Douglas G., Gershon, Andrea, Booth, Gillian L., Bhatia, Sacha, Atzema, Clare L., and Tu, Jack V.
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Vegetables -- Surveys ,Patient monitoring equipment -- Surveys ,Hypertension -- Surveys ,Health ,American Heart Association -- Surveys ,Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada -- Surveys - Abstract
Background: To comprehensively examine the cardiovascular health of Canadians, we developed the Cardiovascular Health in Ambulatory Care Research Team (CANHEART) health index. We analyzed trends in health behaviours and factors to monitor the cardiovascular health of the Canadian population. Methods: We used data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2003-2011 [excluding 2005]; response rates 70%-81%) to examine trends in the prevalence of 6 cardiovascular health factors and behaviours (smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, overweight/obesity, diabetes and hypertension) among Canadian adults aged 20 or older. We defined ideal criteria for each of the 6 health metrics. The number of ideal metrics was summed to create the CANHEART health index; values range from 0 (worst) to 6 (best or ideal). A separate CANHEART index was developed for youth age 12-19 years; this index included 4 health factors and behaviours (smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption and overweight/obesity). We determined the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health and the mean CANHEART health index score, stratified by age, sex and province. Results: During the study period, physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption increased and smoking decreased among Canadian adults. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes increased. In 2009-2010, 9.4% of Canadian adults were in ideal cardiovascular health, 53.3% were in intermediate health (4-5 healthy factors or behaviours), and 37.3% were in poor cardiovascular health (0-3 healthy factors or behaviours). Twice as many women as men were in ideal cardiovascular health (12.8% vs. 6.1%). Among youth, the prevalence of smoking decreased and the prevalence of overweight/obesity increased. In 2009-2010, 16.6% of Canadian youth were in ideal cardiovascular health, 33.7% were in intermediate health (3 healthy factors or behaviours), and 49.7% were in poor cardiovascular health (0-2 healthy factors or behaviours). Interpretation: Fewer than 1 in 10 Canadian adults and 1 in 5 Canadian youth were in ideal cardiovascular health from 2003 to 2011. Intensive health promotion activities are needed to meet the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada's goal of improving the cardiovascular health of Canadians by 10% by 2020 as measured by the CANHEART health index., Cardiovascular disease, which includes heart disease and stroke, is the second leading cause of death in Canada and is associated with disability, low quality of life and high economic costs. [...]
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- 2014
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34. Income-related health inequalities in Canada and the United States: a decomposition analysis
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McGrail, Kimberlyn M., van Doorslaer, Eddy, Ross, Nancy A., and Sanmartin, Claudia
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Public health -- Research ,Income distribution -- Research ,Government ,Health care industry - Abstract
Objectives. We examined income-related inequalities in self-reported health in the United States and Canada and the extent to which they are associated with individual-level risk factors and health care system characteristics. Methods. We estimated income inequalities with concentration indexes and curves derived from comparable survey data from the 2002 to 2003 Joint Canada--US Survey of Health. Inequalities were then decomposed by regression and decomposition analysis to distinguish the contributions of various factors. Results. The distribution of income accounted for close to half of income-related health inequalities in both the United States and Canada. Health care system factors (e.g., unmet needs and health insurance status) and risk factors (e.g., physical inactivity and obesity) contributed more to income-related health inequalities in the United States than to those in Canada. Conclusions. Individual-level health risk factors and health care system characteristics have similar associations with health status in both countries, but they both are far more prevalent and much more concentrated among lower-income groups in the United States than in Canada. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99: 1856-1863. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.129361)
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- 2009
35. A systematic literature review of the evidence on benchmarks for cataract surgery waiting time
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Conner-Spady, Barbara, Sanmartin, Claudia, Sanmugasunderam, Suren, De Coster, Carolyn, Lorenzetti, Diane, McLaren, Lindsay, McGurran, John, and Noseworthy, Tom
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- 2007
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36. A pan-Canadian dataset of neighbourhood retail food environment measures using Statistics Canada's Business Register.
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Stevenson, Andrew C., Kaufmann, Clara, Colley, Rachel C., Minaker, Leia M., Widener, Michael J., Burgoine, Thomas, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Ross, Nancy A.
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NEIGHBORHOODS ,METROPOLITAN areas ,HEALTH status indicators - Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to create the Canadian Food Environment Dataset (Can-FED) and to demonstrate its validity. Data and methods Food outlet data were extracted from Statistics Canada's Business Register (BR) in 2018. Retail food environment access measures (both absolute and relative measures) were calculated using network buffers around the centroid of 56,589 dissemination areas in Canada. A k-medians clustering approach was used to create categorical food environment variables that were easy to use and amenable to dissemination. Validity of the measures was assessed by comparing the food environment measures from Can-FED with measures created using Enhanced Points of Interest data by DMTI Spatial Inc. and data from a municipal health inspection list. Validity was also assessed by calculating the geographic variability in food environments across census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and assessing associations between CMA-level food environments and CMA-level health indicators. Results Two versions of Can-FED were created: a researcher file that must be accessed within a secure Statistics Canada environment and a general-use file available online. Agreement between Can-FED food environment measures and those derived from a proprietary dataset and a municipal health inspection list ranged from rs=0.28 for convenience store density and rs=0.53 for restaurant density. At the CMA level, there is wide geographic variation in the food environment with evidence of patterning by health indicators. Interpretation Can-FED is a valid and accessible dataset of pan-Canadian food environment measures that was created from the BR, a data source that has not been explored fully for health research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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37. Significant factors associated with problematic use of opioid pain relief medications among the household population, Canada, 2018.
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Carrière, Gisèle, Garner, Rochelle, and Sanmartin, Claudia
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MEDICAL personnel ,ANALGESIA ,HOUSEHOLDS ,OPIOIDS ,DRUGS ,HARM reduction - Abstract
Background Reliance on the use of opioids to manage pain has increased over time, as have opioid-related morbidity and deaths. In 2018, 12.7% of Canadians reported having used opioid pain relief medications (OPRMs) in the previous year. Among these people, 9.6% had engaged in problematic use that could cause harm to their health. Though socioeconomic characteristics associated with opioid-related harms have previously been reported, population-level evidence based on administrative health data lacks important behavioural and psychosocial information. This analysis extends previous research by using modelling to report factors related to the problematic use of OPRMs for the household population aged 15 and older in Canada. Data and methods This analysis uses responses to the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey to identify factors that are significantly associated, after adjustment using multivariate logistic regression models, with elevated odds of problematic use of OPRMs. Results The fully adjusted model confirmed that being male, being younger (ages 20 to 24), having fair or poor mental health, having unmet needs for help with mental or emotional health or substance problems, being a smoker, or being unattached and living with others were significantly related to problematic OPRM use. Interpretation Subjective perceptions significantly related to problematic OPRM use, independent of socioeconomic circumstances, were examined in this study. While previous research based on administrative health data has contributed much to knowledge about factors associated with opioid harms, modelled results revealed that self-reported experiential factors also warrant consideration as they are significantly associated with problematic use. Having fair or poor mental health, having unmet perceived needs for help, and being unattached in terms of household arrangement relationship were related to problematic use of OPRMs, even after adjustment for socioeconomic and other health covariates. This study suggests risk profiles that could be used to inform health care providers, and strategies to support safe pain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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38. Associations of overweight and gestational diabetes mellitus with free sugars from solid and liquid sources: cross-sectional and nested case-control analyses.
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Mussa, Joseph, Brazeau, Anne-Sophie, Peters, Tricia, Dahhou, Mourad, Sanmartin, Claudia, Ross, Nancy, Rahme, Elham, and Dasgupta, Kaberi
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SOFT drinks ,OBESITY ,GESTATIONAL diabetes ,PREGNANCY ,BODY mass index - Abstract
Background: Sugar-sweetened beverages have obesogenic and diabetogenic effects ascribed to free sugars. These include added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in juices. A meta-analysis indicates that some foods with added sugars are associated with lower type 2 diabetes rates. To expand the evidence relevant to free sugars from solid sources, we examined a young to middle-aged population with respect to overweight and gestational diabetes (GDM) outcomes.Methods: We studied female participants (12-50 years old) from the 2004-2005 Canadian Community Health Survey 2.2 (CCHS) with data linked to the hospital Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) until 2017, providing 13 years of follow-up. We estimated free sugars by solid and liquid sources from 24-h dietary recalls as percent total energy intake (TE%), and computed body mass index (BMI). We applied ICD-10 diagnostic codes for deliveries and GDM to DAD. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to evaluate associations between free sugars with overweight at baseline (cross-sectional component) and, in those who delivered, with GDM during follow-up (nested case control component). We compared those with consumption above versus below various thresholds of intake for free sugars, considering solid and liquid sources separately (2.TE%, 5TE%, 10TE% and 15TE% thresholds).Results: Among 6305 participants, 2505 (40%) were overweight, defined as BMI ≥ 85th percentile below 18 years and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 for adults. Free sugars from solid sources were associated with lower odds of overweight above versus below the 2.5TE% (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR] 0.80, 95%CI 0.70-0.92), 5TE% (adjOR 0.89, 95%CI 0.79-0.99), and 10TE% (adjOR 0.86, 95%CI 0.75-0.97) thresholds. Free sugars from liquid sources were associated with greater odds of overweight across the 2.5TE% (adjOR 1.20, 95%CI 1.07-1.36), 10TE% (adjOR 1.17, 95%CI 1.02-1.34), and 15TE% (adjOR 1.43, 95%CI 1.23-1.67) thresholds. There were 113 cases of GDM among the 1842 women who delivered (6.1%). Free sugars from solid sources were associated with lower odds of GDM above versus below the 5TE% threshold (adjOR 0.56, 95%CI 0.36-0.85).Conclusions: Our findings support limiting free sugars from liquid sources, given associations with overweight. We did not identify adverse associations of free sugars from solid sources across any of the thresholds examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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39. Willingness of patients to change surgeons for a shorter waiting time for joint arthroplasty
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Conner-Spady, Barbara, Sanmartin, Claudia, Johnston, Geoffrey, McGurran, John, Kehler, Melissa, and Noseworthy, Tom
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- 2008
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40. Mortality attributable to dietary patterns in Canada: national nutrition survey linked to routinely-collected health administrative databases
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Jessri, Mahsa, Hennessey, Deirdre, Bader Eddeen, Anan, Bennett, Carol, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Manuel, Douglas G.
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- 2022
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41. Measuring Burden of Unhealthy Behaviours Using a Multivariable Predictive Approach: Life Expectancy Lost in Canada Attributable to Smoking, Alcohol, Physical Inactivity, and Diet
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Manuel, Douglas G., Perez, Richard, Sanmartin, Claudia, Taljaard, Monica, Hennessy, Deirdre, Wilson, Kumanan, Tanuseputro, Peter, Manson, Heather, Bennett, Carol, Tuna, Meltem, Fisher, Stacey, and Rosella, Laura C.
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Mortality -- Analysis -- Canada ,Algorithms -- Analysis ,Smoking -- Risk factors ,Drinking (Alcoholic beverages) -- Risk factors ,Algorithm ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Background Behaviours such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and unhealthy alcohol consumption are leading risk factors for death. We assessed the Canadian burden attributable to these behaviours by developing, validating, and applying a multivariable predictive model for risk of all-cause death. Methods A predictive algorithm for 5 y risk of death-the Mortality Population Risk Tool (MPoRT)-was developed and validated using the 2001 to 2008 Canadian Community Health Surveys. There were approximately 1 million person-years of follow-up and 9,900 deaths in the development and validation datasets. After validation, MPoRT was used to predict future mortality and estimate the burden of smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity, and poor diet in the presence of sociodemographic and other risk factors using the 2010 national survey (approximately 90,000 respondents). Canadian period life tables were generated using predicted risk of death from MPoRT. The burden of behavioural risk factors attributable to life expectancy was estimated using hazard ratios from the MPoRT risk model. Findings The MPoRT 5 y mortality risk algorithms were discriminating (C-statistic: males 0.874 [95% CI: 0.867-0.881]; females 0.875 [0.868-0.882]) and well calibrated in all 58 predefined subgroups. Discrimination was maintained or improved in the validation cohorts. For the 2010 Canadian population, unhealthy behaviour attributable life expectancy lost was 6.0 years for both men and women (for men 95% CI: 5.8 to 6.3 for women 5.8 to 6.2). The Canadian life expectancy associated with health behaviour recommendations was 17.9 years (95% CI: 17.7 to 18.1) greater for people with the most favourable risk profile compared to those with the least favourable risk profile (88.2 years versus 70.3 years). Smoking, by itself, was associated with 32% to 39% of the difference in life expectancy across social groups (by education achieved or neighbourhood deprivation). Conclusions Multivariable predictive algorithms such as MPoRT can be used to assess health burdens for sociodemographic groups or for small changes in population exposure to risks, thereby addressing some limitations of more commonly used measurement approaches. Unhealthy behaviours have a substantial collective burden on the life expectancy of the Canadian population., Author(s): Douglas G. Manuel 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,*, Richard Perez 1,2,5, Claudia Sanmartin 3, Monica Taljaard 1,5, Deirdre Hennessy 1,3, Kumanan Wilson 1, Peter Tanuseputro 1,2,6, Heather Manson 7, Carol Bennett 1,2, Meltem [...]
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- 2016
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42. A bird canʼt fly on one wing: patient views on waiting for hip and knee replacement surgery
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Conner-Spady, Barbara L., Johnston, Geoffrey H., Sanmartin, Claudia, McGurran, John J., and Noseworthy, Tom W.
- Published
- 2007
43. Canadian anaesthesia physician resource planning — is it possible?
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Donen, Neil, White, Ian W. C., Snidal, Lisa, and Sanmartin, Claudia A.
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- 1995
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44. Abstract
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van der Wal, Mike, Lang, Scott A., Yip, Ray W., Chow, Frances L., Duncan, Peter G., Perverseff, Robert A., Crone, Lesley-Ann L., Verity, Robert A., Flath, Jim, Twist, David L., Code, William E., Thornhill, Jim, Wang, Louie, Hong, Murray, Milne, Brian, Jhamandas, Khem, Shannon, Janet L., Gerard, Martin, Takeuchi, Larry, Puchalski, Stephen A., Roberts, Robin, Law, Victor, Bell, Roger, Dunn, Geoffrey L., Eger Robert P., McLeod B. A., Asenjo, Francisco, Blaise, Gilbert, Normandin, Denise, Naguib, Mohamed, Abdulatif, Mohamed, Hung, Orlando R., Mezei, Michael, Varvel, John R., Whynot, Sara C., McKenzie, Wileena, Bands, Colin, Shafer, Steven L., Neumeister, Michael W., Hall, Richard I., Li, Gefeng, Dawe, Gwen, O’Regan, Noel, Hall, Richard, Gardner, Martin, El-Beheiry, H., Shelley, E. S., Frcpc, Sharpe, Freeman, D. J., Gelb, A. W., Orser, Beverley A., Wang, Lu-Yang, MacDonald, John F., Derdemezi, Jeanette, Britt, Beverley A., Hyperthermia, Malignant, Doyle, D. John, Chau, Thomas C. Y., Guay, Joanne, Crochètiere, Chantal, Gaudreault, Pierre, Lortie, Louise, Varin, France, Bevan, David R., Plourde, R. Gilles, Zaharia, Francoise, Knox, J. W. Donald, Belo, Susan, Warriner, C. Brian, Cannon, John E., Watson, John B., Byrick, R. J., Mullen, J. B. M., Wigglesworth, D. F., Klinck, J. R., Ortiz, F., Pedersen, J., Smith, M. F., Hayman, G. A., Buckingham, C., Nebbia, Stephan P., Un, Victor, Chung, Frances F., Theodorou-Michaloliakou, Christina, Baylon, Godofredo J., Chua, Jose G., Sharma, Sharad, Cruise, Charles, McGuire, Glenn, Chan, Vincent W. S., Patel, Nilesh, Pinchak, Alfred C., Smith, Charles E., Hancock, Donald E., Tessler, Michael J., Grillas, Bobby H., Gioseffini, Sonia, Grillas, B., Desparmet, J. F., MacArthur, C., MacArthur, A., Carpenter, Robert D., Bissonnette, Bruno, Fear, David W., Lerman, J., Spahr-Schopfer, I. A., Sikich, N., Hagen, Joan F., Fuller, John G., Taylor, Michael, Fisgus, John, Petz, Colleen, Hagen, Joan, Forrest, J. B., Buckley, D. N., Beattie, W. S., Beattie, A. E., Clairoux, M., Katz, J., Kavanagh, B., Roger, S., Nierenberg, H., Sandler, A., Baxter, Alan D., Samson, Benolt, Laganière, Sylvie, Stewart, John, Hull, Kathryn A., Goernart, Lynne, Sosis, Mitchel B., Braverman, Berton, Toppses, Anthony, Lipov, Eugene, Ivankovich, Anthony D., Rose, D. Keith, Cohen, Marsha M., Cheng, Davy C. H., Asokumar, Buvanendran, Caballero, Antonio C., Wong, David, Maltby, J. Roger, Eagle, Chris J., Müller, Hermann G., Teasdale, Sallie J., Karski, Jacek M., Carroll, Jo A., Van Luven, Sue, Zulys, Vytas J., Davies, Ann, Norman, Peter N., Cuddihy, Pamela, Kavanagh, Brian, Caballero, Antonio, Sandier, Alan, Peniston, Charlie, Sandler, Alan N., Boylan, John F., Feindel, Christopher M., Sandier, Alan N., Boylen, Patricia, Ries, Craig R., Puil, Ernie, Hickey, Donald R., Scott, Andrew, Doblar, Dennis D., Frenette, Luc, Boyo, Gwendolyn, Poplawski, Steven, Ranjan, Dinesh, Godley, Mark B., Saprunoff, Sam, Vincent, D., Yee, Doreen, Goodall, Deborah, Zawacki, John, Withington, Davinia E., Davis, Michael, Vallinis, Peter, Bevan, Joan C., Sapin-Leduc A., Plourde G., Fosset N., Symes J. F., Morin J. E., De Varennes B., Latter D., Kantor, Gareth S., Smyth, Robert J., Glynn, Michael, McLean, Richard F., Phillips, Andrew A., Fremes, Stephen E., Bunting, Peter, Joy, Lance, Hamilton, Carol, Searle, Norman R., Roy, Micheline, Perrault, Jean, Roof, Jeanne, Hermanns, Cory C., Courtemanche, Micheline, Demers, Christine, Cartier, Raymond, Boudreault, Daniel, Couture, Pierre, To, Quy, Parent, Martin, Badner, Neal H., Komar, Wendy E., Murkin, J. M., Martzke, J. B., Buchan, A. M., Bentley, C., Mazer, C. David, Byrick, Robert J., Tong, Jeff, Carroll, Jo A., Van Kessel, Karl, Glynn, Michael F., Martin, René, Jourdain, S., Tétrault, J. P., Javery, Keith B., Colclough, George W., Sutterlin, John, Witt, William O., Rolbin, Steve, Levinton, Carey, Sayeed, Yousuf G., Ward, Marlene E., Campbell, David, Douglas, M. Joanne, Merrick, Pamela, Sandier, Alan, Baxter, Alan, Samson, Benoit, Katz, Joel, Friedlander, Mark, Donnelly, Maria, Pagenkopf, Derrick S., Bagdan, Bonnie L., Davies, Jan M., Parsons, Louise M., Roth, Leah, Garnett, R. Lawre, MacIntyre, Annette, Lindsay, M. Patrice, Yogendran, Suntheralingham, Little, D’Arcy, Lena, Joseph, Halpern, Stephen H., Lin, Susan, Bell, Dean D., Ostryzniuk, Patricia, Roberts, Edward, Roberts, Dan, Gauthier, Jean E., Perreault, C., Tomasa, Grace, Sosis, Nitchel B., Matta, Basil F., Eng, Calvin C., Mayberg, Teresa S., Lam, Arthur M., Mathisen, Terri L., Kitts, John, Martineau, Raymond, Miller, Donald, Lindsay, Patrice, Curran, Michael, Betcher, Jeffrey G., Kirpalani, Haresh, Gray, Shari, Lung, Kevin E., Multari, Joseph, Stewart, Ronald D., Forward, S. Paula, McGrath, Patrick J., Finley, G. Allen, McNeill, Gillian, Biddle, Nancy L., Gelb, Adrian W., Hamilton, John T., Sharpe, M. D., Vanelli, T., Craen, R. A., Brodkin, I., Le, D., Lok, P., Rose, D. K., Yee, D. A., Layon, A. Joseph, White, Sno E., Gibby, Gordon L., Greig, Paul D., Nierenberg, Hilary, Sheiner, Patricia A., Levytam, S., Arellano, R., Glynn, Michael F. X., Purday, Jonathan P., Reichert, Clayton C., Reimer, Eleanor J., Bevan, Joan C., Montgomery, Carolyne J., Blackstock, Derek, Reichert, Clayton, Byers, G. F., Muir, J. G., Levine, M. F., Kleinman, S., Sarner, J., Davis, P., Motoyaraa, E., Cook, D. R., Sessler, Daniel I., Foster, J. M. T., Burrows, F. A., Haig, Margaret, Poitras, Benoit, Reid, Craig W., Slinger, Peter, Lenis, Serge, Wilkes, P., Henderson, S. M., Zhang, C., Zulys, Vytas, Bradwell, John, Mabuchi, Norifumi, Carroll, Jo, Harley, Pat, Doblar, Dennis, Boyd, Gwen, Singer, Dan, Gelman, Simon, Devitt, J. Hugh, Wenstone, R., Noel, Alva G., O’Donnell, Michael P., Pytka, Saul, Murphy, Michael F., Launcelott, Gordon O., Morris, Ian R., Stevens, Sarah C., Cooper, Richard M., Irish, John C., Brown, Dale H., Donen, Neil, White, Ian W. C., Snidal, Lisa, Sanmartin, Claudia, Knox, Margot G., Roper, Fiona, Gornall, Wayne, Fisk, John D., Ritvo, Paul, and Stanish, W.
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- 1993
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45. Toward Standard Definitions for Waiting Times
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Sanmartin, Claudia A.
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- 2003
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46. Waiting for medical services in Canada: lots of heat, but little light
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Sanmartin, Claudia, Shortt, Samuel E.D., Barer, Morris L., Sheps, Sam, Lewis, Steven, and McDonald, Paul W.
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- 2000
47. Ending waiting-list mismanagement: principles and practice
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Lewis, Steven, Barer, Morris L., Sanmartin, Claudia, Sheps, Sam, Shortt, Samuel E.D., and McDonald, Paul W.
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- 2000
48. Understanding the socioeconomic profile of people who experienced opioid overdoses in British Columbia, 2014 to 2016.
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Carrière, Gisèle, Sanmartin, Claudia, and Garner, Rochelle
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OPIOIDS ,DRUG toxicity ,DRUGS of abuse ,JUSTICE administration ,SOCIAL systems - Abstract
Background Following the 2016 opioid overdose emergency declaration in British Columbia (B.C.), provincial stakeholders collaborated to link data that resulted in the B.C. Provincial Overdose Cohort. This database provides information about people who have experienced opioid overdoses to inform policy and intervention developments. Subsequently, Statistics Canada likewise constructed a cohort and integrated federal data to broaden the scope of the B.C. initiative. This provided federally sourced information about people's circumstances that was not otherwise available. Methods The Statistics Canada British Columbia Opioid Overdose Analytical File further characterizes the socioeconomic circumstances of 13,318 people who experienced illicit drug toxicity deaths and non-fatal opioid overdoses in B.C. between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2016. Statistics Canada linked federal data on immigration, employment, the justice system and social assistance receipt in the year of, and prior to, people's first overdose. Results During the observation period, most people (78%) had one overdose episode, rather than several. Seven percent were immigrants or temporary residents, 41% of whom arrived in Canada more than 20 years before their index overdose. Half (49.6%) had not received social assistance, and one-third (33.8%) were employed--primarily within construction (21% of those employed)--in the year prior to their index overdose. Most employed people (65.5%) experienced periods of unemployment within five years prior to their index overdose. Employment was more prevalent among people who experienced illicit-drug toxicity death (36.1%). About 60% of people had not had any formal police contact within the two years prior to the index overdose. Interpretation This project demonstrated further added value to existing data by using this linkage approach and aligned with strategies underway by BC public health partners to provide cross-sectoral evidence to inform efforts to prevent and manage opioid overdoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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49. Association of Severe Trauma With Work and Earnings in a National Cohort in Canada.
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Haas, Barbara, Jeon, Sung-Hee, Rotermann, Michelle, Stepner, Michael, Fransoo, Randy, Sanmartin, Claudia, Wunsch, Hannah, Scales, Damon C., Iwashyna, Theodore J., and Garland, Allan
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- 2021
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50. Profile of Canadian Physicians: Results of the 1990 Physician Resource Questionnaire
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Sanmartin, Claudia A. and Snidal, Lisa.
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- 1993
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