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25. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Preprocedural Planning for Left Atrial Procedures in Atrial Fibrillation.

Author

Agarwal, Prachi P., Nasr, Layla A., Ghoshhajra, Brian B., Brown, Richard K.J., Collier, Patrick, De Cecco, Carlo N., Fuss, Cristina, Goldstein, Jennifer N., Kallianos, Kimberly, Malik, Sachin B., Maroules, Christopher D., Meyersohn, Nandini M., Nazarian, Saman, Scherer, Markus D., Singh, Simranjit, Tailor, Tina D., Tong, Matthew S., and Koweek, Lynne M.

Abstract

This document summarizes the relevant literature for the selection of preprocedural imaging in three clinical scenarios in patients needing endovascular treatment or cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. These clinical scenarios include preprocedural imaging prior to radiofrequency ablation; prior to left atrial appendage occlusion; and prior to cardioversion. The appropriateness of imaging modalities as they apply to each clinical scenario is rated as usually appropriate, may be appropriate, and usually not appropriate to assist the selection of the most appropriate imaging modality in the corresponding clinical scenarios. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Suspected Spine Infection

Author

Ortiz, A. Orlando, Levitt, Alex, Shah, Lubdha M., Parsons, Matthew S., Agarwal, Vikas, Baldwin, Keith, Bhattacharyya, Shamik, Boulter, Daniel J., Burns, Judah, Fink, Kathleen R., Hunt, Christopher H., Hutchins, Troy A., Kao, Lillian S., Khan, Majid A., Lo, Bruce M., Moritani, Toshio, Reitman, Charles, Repplinger, Michael D., Shah, Vinil N., Singh, Simranjit, Timpone, Vincent M., and Corey, Amanda S.

Published
2021
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28. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Plexopathy: 2021 Update

Author

Boulter, Daniel J., Job, Joici, Shah, Lubdha M., Wessell, Daniel E., Lenchik, Leon, Parsons, Matthew S., Agarwal, Vikas, Appel, Marc, Burns, Judah, Hutchins, Troy A., Kendi, A. Tuba, Khan, Majid A., Liebeskind, David S., Moritani, Toshio, Ortiz, A. Orlando, Shah, Vinil N., Singh, Simranjit, Than, Khoi D., Timpone, Vincent M., Beaman, Francesca D., and Corey, Amanda S.

Published
2021
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29. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Low Back Pain: 2021 Update

Author

Hutchins, Troy A., Peckham, Miriam, Shah, Lubdha M., Parsons, Matthew S., Agarwal, Vikas, Boulter, Daniel J., Burns, Judah, Cassidy, R. Carter, Davis, Melissa A., Holly, Langston T., Hunt, Christopher H., Khan, Majid A., Moritani, Toshio, Ortiz, A. Orlando, O’Toole, John E., Powers, William J., Promes, Susan B., Reitman, Charles, Shah, Vinil N., Singh, Simranjit, Timpone, Vincent M., and Corey, Amanda S.

Published
2021
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30. Case study on implementation of ANN technique for analysis of erosion of hard coatings in different slurries.

Author

Singh, Jashanpreet, Singh, Simranjit, Singh, Jatinder Pal, Kumar, Satish, and Gill, Harjot Singh

Subjects
*SLURRY, *FEEDFORWARD neural networks, *EROSION, *FLY ash, *SURFACE coatings, *ARTIFICIAL intelligence
Abstract

ANN can be an alternate to provide the general solution of erosion wear problems. In this case study, the artificial intelligence is utilized to predict the erosion wear in different slurries. The data was collected for the various thermal sprayed coatings namely Stellite, Colmonoy, Ni-20Cr2O3, Ni-20Al2O3, Al-20TiO2, WC-10Co4Cr, WC-10Co4Cr+Y2O3, WC-10Co4Cr+Mo2C, and WC-10Co4Cr+ZrO2. For the above mentioned coatings, three different erodent materials were used such as sand, fly ash, and bottom ash. These coatings materials were coated on SS316L steel using high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) technique. MATLAB 16.0 was used in this study to design a standard multilayer feedforward hierarchical neural network to predict erosion wear. Pearson coefficient (R) values for the testing of the ANN model constructed for sand, fly ash and bottom ash slurries were 0.97534, 0.9638, and 0.95181 respectively. It was found that ANN model designed for sand slurry shows ±4.87% deviation from the experimental data. However, the percentage error discovered between experimental and ANN projected erosion wear was ±4.27 and ±4.98 percent respectively for fly ash and bottom ash slurry, which implies that the experimental data and neural network predictions agreed quite well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. Reduction of Blocking Probability in Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switched Optical Networks.

Author

Dhawan, Monika, Singh, Simranjit, and Wason, Amit

Subjects
SWITCHING systems (Telecommunication), PROBABILITY theory, FORWARD error correction, QUALITY of service, BLOCK codes
Abstract

The blocking probability is studied for improving the quality of service of the network. The call blocking model for mode of operation to determine the types of applications suitable for Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switched (GMPLS) networks is proposed. The performance of optical network depends upon various parameters such as number of channels, number of sources, traffic intensity which directly affect the blocking probability of the network. A mathematical model of an optical network for blocking probability of cleared calls and holding calls is developed. In the proposed model, blocking probability of the network gets reduced with a large number of servers. The proposed models decrease the blocking probability of the network to a level of 10–40. In addition, the blocking performance for held calls is also analyzed to compare the amount of traffic intensity that can be handled and completed properly with that of the cleared calls probability. The blocking probability is less for cleared calls than that for held calls as more traffic intensity can be handled in case of cleared calls but the chances for call completion increases in case of held calls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Environment friendly rehydrants for air-dried oral buccal smears – A comparative study with conventional method.

Author

Handa, Tanvi, Gupta, Shally, Gulati, Anubha, and Singh, Simranjit

Subjects
MEDICINE, ORAL medicine, FLUID therapy, ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring, ORAL disease diagnosis, COMPARATIVE studies, ENVIRONMENTAL health, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens, ORAL mucosa, STATISTICAL sampling, CYTOLOGY, GLYCERIN, COCONUT oil, DRUG administration, DRUG dosage
Abstract

Background: Cytopathology is defined as a branch of pathology which involves studying diseases and their diagnosis. The conventional method involves fixing the cells in alcohol, but its poor availability in ill-equipped areas can pose problems. One solution to this problem is air-drying of smears followed by rehydration. In this study, we intend to assess the cytomorphologic changes in air-dried smears rehydrated using various agents and to correlate them with the smears prepared using conventional wet technique. Also, we attempt to find the alternative to alcohol which can be used in less equipped areas. Materials and Methods: Three smears each were prepared from 24 patients (12 healthy and 12 with habits). A total of 72 smears were prepared. One smear from each patient was used as control group (alcohol fixation - total number: 24 smears). The remaining two smears were air-dried and rehydrated and were taken as the test group (test group A - rehydrated with aq. glycerine; total number: 24 smears, test group B - rehydrated with coconut oil; total number: 24 smears) for 5–10 minutes. Then, all 72 slides were stained by standard Papanicolaou stain. The slides were examined for cytomorphologic changes and a score was assigned from 0 to 3. Conclusion: Our study proved aq. glycerine to be a superior rehydrant in comparison to conventional wet fixed smears or coconut oil. Also, in studies where cytoplasmic evaluation is required, coconut oil can be used due to its superior quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Query-Efficient Black-box Adversarial Attacks

Author

Singh, Simranjit

Subjects
Artificial intelligence, Computer science, Adversarial Attack, Artifical Intelligence, Blackbox, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Query Efficient
Abstract

Machine learning systems have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. We study the most practical problem setup for evaluating adversarial robustness of a machine learning system with limited access: the hard-label black-box attack setting for generating adversarial examples, where limited model queries are allowed and only the decision is provided to a queried data input. Several algorithms have been proposed for this problem but they typically require huge amount (>20,000) of queries for attacking one example. Among them, one of the state-of-the-art approaches (Cheng et al., 2019) showed that hard-label attack can be modeled as an optimization problem where the objective function can be evaluated by binary search with additional model queries, thereby a zeroth order optimization algorithm can be applied. In this thesis, we adopt the same optimization formulation but propose to directly estimate the sign of gradient at any direction instead of the gradient itself, which enjoys the benefit of single query. Using this single query oracle for retrieving sign of directional derivative, we develop a novel query-efficient Sign-OPT approach for hard-label black-box attack. We provide a convergence analysis of the new algorithm and conduct experiments on several models on MNIST, CIFAR-10 and ImageNet. We find that Sign-OPT attack consistently requires 5X to 10X fewer queries when compared to the current state-of-the-art approaches and usually converges to an adversarial example with smaller perturbation.

Published
2020

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