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International audience; Since the 1960s, there has been a change in the portrayal of older people. This change has resulted in the promotion of an active way of life that led, at the turn of the twenty-first century, to the development by international bodies of standard guidelines relating to active or healthy ageing. This article examines the place of guidelines on physical activity in the perception of ageing reflected in French public policies developed in accordance with international directives. After explaining how healthy and active ageing are defined in different international and national plans and official guidelines, the growing importance of physical activity is highlighted. From a very general invitation to remain active, precise instructions for physical activities were established addressing the detrimental effects of ageing. Finally, this study points out how the increasing focus on physical activity has contributed to the creation of a frame of reference in public policy that emphasizes the responsibility of each individual for their own health.

Cet article considère l’échec étudiant à l’université du point de vue des établissements. Il s’agit de prêter attention à leur fonction de régulation de la demande sociale d'enseignement supérieur ainsi qu’au contexte institutionnel qui l’alimente. L’analyse d’une politique publique nationale – Plan « Réussite en Licence » (2007-2014) – croisée avec une reconstitution de l’histoire du traitement de l’échec étudiant dans une université (depuis 1967) mettent en évidence des principes et des tendances. Tout d’abord, les établissements s’affichent comme une institution d’enseignement qui régule la demande étudiante, entre sensibilisation plus grande aux besoins et aux attentes, sélection-contrôle et sélection-évaluation. Ensuite, les pratiques universitaires les plus récentes affirment les fonctions de contrôle et de sélection. C’est en raison d’un double contexte institutionnel, celui du quasi-marché de l’enseignement supérieur, celui de l’État-marché dans le secteur public. This article examines undergraduate student failure at University (exam failure, abandonment, absenteeism, dropout…) from the point of view of Universities. It looks at their regulating function of the social demand for higher education and at the institutional context which feeds it. The analysis of a public policy –“Success in Licence (Bachelor’s Degree)” Program, 2007-2014 –, associated with the reconstitution of the history of the treatment of student failure in a University (since 1967) highlights principles and trends. First of all, Universities present themselves as academic institutions that regulate the social demand by a heightened awareness of student’s needs and expectations but also, selection-control and selection-evaluation. Then, recent academic practices assert the functions of control and selection. This is due to a double institutional context, that of the quasi-market in higher education, that of the market-State in the public sector.