23 results on '"Sous, D."'
Search Results
2. Groundwater pressure dynamics in a laboratory swash zone
- Author
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Sous, D., Lambert, A., Michallet, H., and Rey, V.
- Published
- 2011
3. Watertable response to tidal forcing in the Truc-Vert sandy beach
- Author
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de Drézigué, O. David, Sous, D., Lambert, A., Gouaud, F., and Rey, V.
- Published
- 2009
4. Dynamics of Large-Scale Vortices in the Near Shore
- Author
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Bonneton, N., Sous, D., Bonneton, P., and Sommeria, J.
- Published
- 2006
5. Laboratory experiments on along-slope flows in homogeneous and stratified rotating fluids
- Author
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Boyer, D.L., Sous, D., and Sommeria, J.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Density stratification and turbulent mixing in a salt-wedge estuary: The Adour river
- Author
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Defontaine, S., Sous, D., Maron, S., Morichon, D., and TELEMAC-MASCARET Core Group
- Subjects
Computer Science::Programming Languages ,Hydrodynamik (532.5) - Abstract
Hydrodynamics Abstract
- Published
- 2019
7. Cahier thématique : La mer et le littoral de Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur face au changement climatique
- Author
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Babène, A, Bidet, Y, Boudouresque, F, Claeys, Cécilia, David, R, Dhenain, S, Doze, E, Feral, P, Francour, Patrice, Gattuso, Jean-Pierre, Gianni, F, Giuliano, J, Hatt, E, Hilmi, Nathalie, Hizmaj, E, Irisson, Jean-Olivier, Lagneau, C, Lambert, L, Lemee, Rodolphe, Lepetit, A, Mangialajo, Luisa, Marchesseaux, G, Marçot, N, Michalak, S, Mousseau, Laure, Rey, V, Ruitton, S, Rossello, P, Sabatier, F, Safa, A, Sous, D, Stépanian, A, Taupier-Letage, Isabelle, Thibault-Botha, D, Thibaut, M, Thibaut, Thierry, Touboul, J, LABORATOIRE DE CANCEROLOGIE INSERM EMI 0359, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [Nice] (CMRR Nice), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Cognition Behaviour Technology (CobTek), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Institut Claude Pompidou [Nice] (ICP - Nice)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Environment Laboratories (IAEA), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Hôpital de la Conception - APHM] (CIC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GREC-PACA, and Les cahiers du GREC-PACA, Association pour l’innovation et la recherche au service du climat (AIR)
- Subjects
[SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
8. Cahier thématique : La mer et le littoral de Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur face au changement climatique
- Author
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Babène, A., Bidet, Y., Boudouresque, F., Cécilia Claeys, Romain DAVID, Dhenain, S., Doze, E., Feral, P., Patrice Francour, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Gianni, F., Giuliano, J., Hatt, E., Nathalie Hilmi, Hizmaj, E., Jean-Olivier Irisson, Lagneau, C., Lambert, L., Rodolphe Lemee, Lepetit, A., Luisa Mangialajo, Marchesseaux, G., Marçot, N., Michalak, S., Laure Mousseau, Rey, V., Ruitton, S., Rossello, P., Sabatier, F., Safa, A., Sous, D., Stépanian, A., Isabelle Taupier-Letage, Thibault-Botha, D., Thibaut, M., Thierry Thibaut, Touboul, J., LABORATOIRE DE CANCEROLOGIE INSERM EMI 0359, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [Nice] (CMRR Nice), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Cognition Behaviour Technology (CobTek), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Institut Claude Pompidou [Nice] (ICP - Nice)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Environment Laboratories (IAEA), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Hôpital de la Conception - APHM] (CIC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
9. Momentum Balance Across a Barrier Reef.
- Author
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Sous, D., Dodet, G., Bouchette, F., and Tissier, M.
- Subjects
HYDRODYNAMICS ,PRESSURE sensors ,OCEAN circulation ,OCEANOGRAPHY - Abstract
This paper reports on a combined experimental and numerical study dedicated to barrier reefs hydrodynamics. A network of pressure sensors and velocity profilers has been deployed for more than 2 months over the Ouano reef barrier, New Caledonia. The primary aim of the study is to assess the relevance of the classical depth‐averaged momentum balance in such a complex and poorly documented environment. The combined analysis of experimental and numerical measurements reveals a specific hydrodynamic behavior contrasting with sandy beaches and fringing reefs. The cross‐reef current induced by wave breaking over the barrier reef plays an important role in the momentum budget, in particular through friction processes. The hydrodynamic behavior over the barrier reef is thus characterized by the progressive transition from a nearly classical beach type behavior on the forereef, where the gradient of radiation stress is balanced by a barotropic pressure gradient associated to the wave setup, to an open‐channel type regime, dominated by frictional head loss. The reef top wave setup shows a clear depth dependency mainly attributed to the forereef curvature. During extreme wave events, the measurements tend to indicate a transition toward a critical hydraulic regime above the reef top. The numerical simulations, involving a non‐hydrostatic wave‐resolving model coupled to a K−ϵ turbulence model, highlight the vertical structure of the flow. Over the reef flat, a classical log‐layer profile is observed, in agreement with measurements, while above the forereef an anticlockwise circulation develops under the breaking zone. Key Points: The first complete evaluation of momentum balance over a reef barrier from measurements and numerical modelingReef hydrodynamics evolves from classical beach regime on the forereef to a friction‐driven flow over the reef flatWave resolving numerical simulations highlight the complexity of the vertical structure of the flow [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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10. Wave Runup Over Steep Rocky Cliffs.
- Author
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Dodet, G., Leckler, F., Sous, D., Ardhuin, F., Filipot, J.F., and Suanez, S.
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OCEAN bottom ,FRICTION ,WATER waves ,CLIFFS ,BEACHES - Abstract
Wave runup is known to depend on offshore wave conditions and coastal morphology. While most field studies on wave runup have focused on low‐to‐mild‐sloping sandy beaches, runup measurements on steep and irregular rocky cliff profiles are still very scarce. Here we investigate the physical processes controlling wave runup in such environments and the range of applicability of empirical runup formula. This study focuses on the steep rocky cliffs (0.1 < tanβ < 0.4) of Banneg Island, a small island located in the Molène archipelago, Brittany, France, occasionally flooded during extreme water level events. A statistical parameter for extreme runup is derived from the measurements of pressure sensors deployed in the intertidal zone. Deep water wave parameters are used to force a high‐resolution wave model, and nearshore wave parameters and high‐resolution topographic data are analyzed concurrently with runup time series in order to assess the dependence of the runup on hydrodynamic conditions and morphological parameters. The wave runup is shown to be strongly related to the square root of the offshore significant wave height times the offshore wavelength. The measurements also reveal the depth dependence of the runup, which is mainly attributed to the curvature of the foreshore profile. In comparison to empirical relation obtained for a mild‐sloping beach, the present data show a significant reduction in normalized wave runup, that is attributed to enhanced bottom friction over the rocky bottom. Plain Language Summary: When waves reach the shores, they travel up and down the beach before being reflected seaward. The maximum vertical excursion of the waterline relative to the still water level, called the wave runup, is a key parameter for the design of coastal structures and the prediction of overtopping volumes during storm events. Most runup studies in natural environments have focused on smooth and mild‐sloping sandy beaches, and empirical formula to predict the wave runup has been derived for these environments. Here we study the process of wave runup over steep rocky cliffs. Using pressure sensors deployed in the intertidal zone of Banneg Island—a small island located west of Brittany, France, exposed to very high waves—we measured runup events. Then we investigated the link between these runup data, offshore wave parameters, and cliff slopes. Our results reveal that the wave runup is linearly dependent to the square root of the offshore wave height times the offshore wavelength. In addition, a significant reduction of the runup is found compared to sandy environments, which is attributed to the frictional effect exerted by the rocky bottom on the flow. Key Points: Wave runup is measured over steep rocky cliffs with pressure sensorsWave runup shows a linear dependence to the square root of the offshore waveheight times the offshore wavelengthRegression analysis reveals a significantly reduced runup compared to sandy environments that is attributed to enhanced bottom friction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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11. Block-based adaptive mesh refinement scheme using numerical density of entropy production for three-dimensional two-fluid flows.
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Golay, F., Ersoy, M., Yushchenko, L., and Sous, D.
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ADAPTIVE control systems ,SCHEME programming language ,ENTROPY ,NUMERICAL analysis ,FLUID flow - Abstract
In this work, we present a fast and parallel finite volume scheme on unstructured meshes applied to complex fluid flow. The mathematical model is based on a three-dimensional compressible low Mach two-phase flows model, combined with a linearised ‘artificial pressure’ law. This hyperbolic system of conservation laws allows an explicit scheme, improved by a block-based adaptive mesh refinement scheme. Following a previous one-dimensional work, the useful numerical density of entropy production is used as mesh refinement criterion. Moreover, the computational time is preserved using a local time-stepping method. Finally, we show through several test cases the efficiency of the present scheme on two- and three-dimensional dam-break problems over an obstacle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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12. Friction law and turbulent properties in a laboratory Ekman boundary layer.
- Author
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Sous, D., Sommeria, J., and Boyer, D.
- Subjects
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TURBULENT boundary layer , *FRICTION , *FLUIDS , *ATMOSPHERIC boundary layer , *CORIOLIS force , *NUCLEAR spin , *ROSSBY number - Abstract
We use spin-up/spin-down laboratory experiments to study the neutrally stratified Ekman boundary layer. The experiments are performed in the 13 m diameter, 1 m deep Coriolis rotating tank of the LEGI in Grenoble, France. A global flow rotation is produced by an initial change in the tank rotation speed. It then slowly decays under the effect of Ekman friction, evolving from the turbulent state to the laminar state. It is checked that the Ekman layer itself remains in a quasi-steady state during this decay. The velocity is measured by Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) at two scales: the global rotation in a horizontal plane, and the vertical profile inside the boundary layer, where the three velocity components are obtained by stereoscopic PIV. The friction law is obtained by relating the decay rate of the bulk velocity to the velocity itself. This method is justified by the fact that this bulk velocity is independent of height beyond the top of the boundary layer (a few cm), as expected from the Taylor-Proudman theorem for rotating fluids. The local measurements inside the boundary layer provide profiles of the mean velocity and Reynolds stress components, in particular the cross-isobar angle between the interior and near surface velocities. In the laminar regime, good agreement is obtained with the classical Ekman's theory, which validates the method. In the turbulent regime, the results are found consistent with the classical Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) model based on the von Karman logarithmic layer. Our experiments therefore indicate that this theory, in principle valid for very large Reynolds numbers, is already relevant close to the transitional regimes. A fit of the empirical coefficients A and B appearing in this theory yields A = 3.3 and B = 3.0. Extrapolating the results to the atmospheric case gives a friction velocity u* about 12% higher than the traditional fit for the ABL. We may safely deduce that for the oceanic bottom boundary layer, corresponding to lower Reynolds numbers than the atmosphere, our result provides a correct estimate within 10%. The previous laboratory results of Caldwell et al. ['A laboratory study of the turbulent Ekman layer,' Geophys. Fluid Dyn. 3, 125-160 (1972)] provided frictions velocities about 20% higher than in our experiments, and slightly higher cross-isobar angles. We attribute this difference to the higher vortical Rossby number Rot in those experiments, and maybe also to roughness effects. We take into account the effect of this vortical Rossby number within the framework of the Ekman layer (Rot → 0) by replacing the tank rotation rate by the fluid rotation rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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13. Effect of a submerged plate on the near-bed dynamics underincoming waves in deep water conditions.
- Author
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Rey, V., Touboul, J., and Sous, D.
- Subjects
- *
SURFACE waves (Fluids) , *NUMERICAL analysis , *LINEAR statistical models , *THEORY of wave motion , *SURFACE structure - Abstract
It is well known that wave induced bottom oscillations become more and more negligible when the water depth exceeds half the wavelength of the surface gravity wave. However, it was experimentally demonstrated for regular waves that the bottom pressure oscillations at both first and second wave harmonic frequencies could be significant even for incoming waves propagating in deep water condition in the presence of a submerged plate [16] . For a water depth h of about the wavelength of the wave, measurements under the plate (depth immersion of top of plate h/6, length h/2) have shown bottom pressure variations at the wave frequency, up to thirty times larger than the pressure expected in the absence of the plate. In this paper, not only regular but also irregular wave are studied together with wave following current conditions. This behavior is numerically verified by use of a classical linear theory of waves. The wave bottom effect is explained through the role of evanescent modes and horizontally oscillating water column under the plate which still exist whatever the water depth. Such a model, which allows the calculation of the velocity fields, has shown that not only the bottom pressure but also the near bed fluid velocity are enhanced. Two maxima are observed on both sides of the location of the plate, at a distance of the plate increasing with the water depth. The possible impact of such near bed dynamics is then discussed for field conditions thanks to a scaling based on a Froude similarity. It is demonstrated that these structures may have a significant impact at the sea bed even in very deep water conditions, possibly enhanced in the presence of current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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14. Quantifying the topographical structure of rocky and coral seabeds.
- Author
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Sous D, Meulé S, Dealbera S, Michaud H, Gassier G, Pezerat M, and Bouchette F
- Subjects
- Animals, Geologic Sediments, Ecosystem, Anthozoa anatomy & histology
- Abstract
Describing the structural complexity of seabeds is of primary importance for a number of geomorphological, hydrodynamical and ecological issues. Aiming to bring a decisive insight on the long-term development of a unified view, the present study reports on a comparative multi-site analysis of high resolution topography surveys in rough nearshore environments. The nine study sites have been selected to cover a wide variety of topographical features, including rocky and coral seabeds. The topography data has been processed to separate roughness and bathymetry-related terrain features, allowing to perform a comprehensive spectral and statistical analysis of each site. A series of roughness metrics have been tested to identify the most relevant estimators of the bottom roughness at each site. The spectral analysis highlights the systematic presence of a self-affine range of variable extension and spectral slope. The standard deviation of the seabed elevation varies from 0.04 to 0.77 m. The statistical and multi-scale analysis performed on the whole set of roughness metrics allows to identify connection between metrics and therefore to propose a reduced set of relevant roughness estimators. A more general emphasis is placed on the need to properly define a unified framework when reconstructing roughness statistics and bathymetry from fine seabed topographical data., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Sous et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2024
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15. Power of Representation in Educational Materials: Teaching Cutaneous Lupus Across Skin Tones in an Interactive Module.
- Author
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Tinianow A, Sous D, Abreu D, Scharff TB, Thomashow M, Bayliss S, Goglin S, Monroe JR, Mwanthi M, Jones HA, and Zickuhr L
- Abstract
Objective: Clinicians report low confidence assessing cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) lesions, especially for patients who identify as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) who are historically excluded from educational materials. To address this, we created an online, interactive module teaching an approach to assessing CLE across skin tones and measured its impact on medical knowledge and confidence., Methods: Our team created a module with case-based methods to introduce an approach to CLE, common mimicking rashes, and tips for photographing cutaneous lesions in BIPOC. Graduate medical trainees from five academic institutions completed the module. Using surveys and pre-post testing, we assessed changes in medical knowledge and clinical confidence along with learner satisfaction, comparing responses using Wilcoxon-signed rank tests and chi square analysis. We assessed the module's representation of light, medium, and dark skin tones with chi square analysis., Results: The module represented light, medium, and dark skin tones (χ
2 = 4.788, P = 0.091) among 102 images (77.5%, n = 79) were novel images from authors' personal libraries. Ninety-four participants completed the postmodule test and evaluation survey. Analyses revealed significant improvement in medical knowledge identifying serologic studies associated with subacute CLE (χ2 = 14.035, P < 0.001) and describing how to photograph rashes (χ2 = 38.211, P < 0.001). Participants reported improved confidence across all learning objectives after module completion (P < 0.001)., Conclusion: This module is the first to introduce an approach to assessing CLE across skin tones, effectively increasing medical knowledge and confidence among graduate medical trainees., (© 2023 American College of Rheumatology.)- Published
- 2023
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16. SMOTE-CD: SMOTE for compositional data.
- Author
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Nguyen T, Mengersen K, Sous D, and Liquet B
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- Entropy, Minority Groups, Neural Networks, Computer, Acclimatization, Benchmarking
- Abstract
Compositional data are a special kind of data, represented as a proportion carrying relative information. Although this type of data is widely spread, no solution exists to deal with the cases where the classes are not well balanced. After describing compositional data imbalance, this paper proposes an adaptation of the original Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique (SMOTE) to deal with compositional data imbalance. The new approach, called SMOTE for Compositional Data (SMOTE-CD), generates synthetic examples by computing a linear combination of selected existing data points, using compositional data operations. The performance of the SMOTE-CD is tested with three different regressors (Gradient Boosting tree, Neural Networks, Dirichlet regressor) applied to two real datasets and to synthetic generated data, and the performance is evaluated using accuracy, cross-entropy, F1-score, R2 score and RMSE. The results show improvements across all metrics, but the impact of oversampling on performance varies depending on the model and the data. In some cases, oversampling may lead to a decrease in performance for the majority class. However, for the real data, the best performance across all models is achieved when oversampling is used. Notably, the F1-score is consistently increased with oversampling. Unlike the original technique, the performance is not improved when combining oversampling of the minority classes and undersampling of the majority class. The Python package smote-cd implements the method and is available online., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Nguyen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2023
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17. Effects of Biofilms and Particle Physical Properties on the Rising and Settling Velocities of Microplastic Fibers and Sheets.
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Jalón-Rojas I, Romero-Ramírez A, Fauquembergue K, Rossignol L, Cachot J, Sous D, and Morin B
- Subjects
- Biofilms, Environmental Monitoring, Microplastics, Plastics, Biofouling, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
Vertical dynamics of microplastics (MPs) in the water column are complex and not fully understood due to the diversity of environmental MPs and the impact of weathering and biofouling on their dynamical properties. In this study, we investigate the effects of the particle properties and biofilm on the vertical (settling or rising) velocity of microplastic sheets and fibers under laboratory conditions. The experiments focus on three types of MPs (polyester PES fibers, polyethylene terephthalate PET sheets, and polypropylene PP sheets) of nine sizes and two degrees of biological colonization. Even though pristine PES fibers and PET sheets had a similar density, the sinking velocity of fibers was much smaller and independent of their length. The settling or rising velocity of sheets increased with the particle size up to a threshold and then decreased in the wake of horizontal oscillations in large particles. Biofilms had unexpected effects on vertical velocities. Irregular biofilm distributions can trigger motion instabilities that decrease settling velocities of sheets despite the increase in density. Biofilms can also modify the orientation of fibers, which may increase their settling velocity. Finally, we selected the most performant theoretical formulation for each type of particle and proposed modifications to consider the effect of biofilm distribution.
- Published
- 2022
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18. Recurrent Onychomadesis of the Toenails in Children and Adults: A Case Series.
- Author
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Sous D, Starace MVR, Chen L, Nieman EL, Anadkat MJ, Piraccini BM, and Coughlin CC
- Abstract
Introduction: Onychomadesis occurs when the nail plate separates from the nail matrix and nail bed, eventually leading to shedding of the nail. This condition has been attributed to viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drug side effects, and physical trauma. A subset of patients has a recurrent form of onychomadesis without a clear trigger; this phenomenon is not well characterized in the literature., Case Presentation: We present a case series of pediatric and adult patients with recurrent toenail onychomadesis in order to better characterize the disorder and explore possible etiologies, risk factors, and treatments., Discussion/conclusion: For the cases herein, we propose microtrauma associated with footwear as the underlying etiology given the periodicity of nail shedding, exclusion of other etiological factors, and presence of predisposing risk factors in certain patients. Many patients saw improvement with application of urea 40% cream, suggesting this can be a valuable part of a treatment strategy, in addition to minimizing injury to involved digits., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2022
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19. Patient Satisfaction With Cosmetic Procedures Performed by Dermatology Residents.
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Michalski BM, Sous D, Carr DR, and Hurst EA
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- Humans, Cosmetic Techniques standards, Dermatology education, Internship and Residency, Patient Satisfaction
- Published
- 2021
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20. Cutaneous reactions to pediatric cancer treatment: Part I. Conventional chemotherapy.
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Sous D, Armstrong AE, Huang JT, Shah S, Carlberg VM, and Coughlin CC
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- Child, Humans, Quality of Life, Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Drug Eruptions diagnosis, Drug Eruptions etiology, Neoplasms drug therapy, Skin Diseases chemically induced, Skin Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Chemotherapies often cause side effects of the skin, nails, and mucosal surfaces. These mucocutaneous toxicities contribute to morbidity and affect quality of life. Identification and management of these drug-induced eruptions is vital to allow for continuation of essential therapies. This review demonstrates the wide range of chemotherapy-induced cutaneous toxicities in children and includes clues for diagnosis as well as tips for counseling and management., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2021
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21. Detecting Technical Anomalies in High-Frequency Water-Quality Data Using Artificial Neural Networks.
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Rodriguez-Perez J, Leigh C, Liquet B, Kermorvant C, Peterson E, Sous D, and Mengersen K
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- Bayes Theorem, Water Quality, Neural Networks, Computer, Water
- Abstract
Anomaly detection (AD) in high-volume environmental data requires one to tackle a series of challenges associated with the typical low frequency of anomalous events, the broad-range of possible anomaly types, and local nonstationary environmental conditions, suggesting the need for flexible statistical methods that are able to cope with unbalanced high-volume data problems. Here, we aimed to detect anomalies caused by technical errors in water-quality (turbidity and conductivity) data collected by automated in situ sensors deployed in contrasting riverine and estuarine environments. We first applied a range of artificial neural networks that differed in both learning method and hyperparameter values, then calibrated models using a Bayesian multiobjective optimization procedure, and selected and evaluated the "best" model for each water-quality variable, environment, and anomaly type. We found that semi-supervised classification was better able to detect sudden spikes, sudden shifts, and small sudden spikes, whereas supervised classification had higher accuracy for predicting long-term anomalies associated with drifts and periods of otherwise unexplained high variability.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Microplastics in a salt-wedge estuary: Vertical structure and tidal dynamics.
- Author
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Defontaine S, Sous D, Tesan J, Monperrus M, Lenoble V, and Lanceleur L
- Subjects
- Environmental Monitoring, France, Microplastics, Plastics, Estuaries, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
The abundance and distribution of microplastics in estuaries have been barely documented, and generally without accounting for the vertical structure in the water column. This study presents the very first data on the occurrence and distribution of microplastics in the Adour Estuary, SW France. The experimental data set was complemented by numerical simulations to gain understanding of the behaviour of suspended microplastics. Microplastics were found throughout the water column with a mean abundance of 1.13 part/m
3 . Films and fragments were the most abundant types of particles collected. Numerical simulations demonstrated that vertical distribution of microplastics in the water column is highly dependent on particle characteristics and on the local hydrodynamics. The main trend is that neutrally-buoyant microplastics are easily flushed out while heavier microplastics are prone to entrapment in the estuary, in particular under low discharge conditions. The present study suggest that estuaries could be a sink of microplastics., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Behaviour of plastic litter in nearshore waters: First insights from wind and wave laboratory experiments.
- Author
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Forsberg PL, Sous D, Stocchino A, and Chemin R
- Subjects
- Hydrodynamics, Laboratories, Environmental Monitoring, Plastics, Water Pollutants analysis, Wind
- Abstract
Plastic litter in nearshore waters is an environmental pollutant with increasing impact on coastal environments. At present, knowledge on basic plastic particle dynamics and the interaction with complex hydrodynamics is lacking. The present laboratory study, performed under controlled wave and wind conditions, demonstrates the dispersion of plastics in shallow waters. The study presents a simple case looking solely at cross-shore particle transport. The results show that both wind and waves as well as plastic properties (shape and density) govern the behaviour of plastic litter in the nearshore zone. Heavy particles behave like natural sand with accumulation in the wave breaking zone. Light particles have varying accumulation along the coastal profile depending on the wind, waves and particle shapes. More extensive characterization remains to be done in future studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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