23 results on '"Stark, Nicholas A."'
Search Results
2. Centralization and democratization: Managing crisis communication in health care delivery.
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Hayirli, Tuna C., Stark, Nicholas, Hardy, James, Peabody, Christopher R., and Kerrissey, Michaela J.
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ANXIETY prevention ,TEAMS in the workplace ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,RESEARCH methodology ,LEADERSHIP ,MEDICAL care ,INTERVIEWING ,FEAR ,UNCERTAINTY ,COGNITION ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,PSYCHOLOGICAL safety ,COMMUNICATION ,INFORMATION-seeking behavior ,JUDGMENT sampling ,THEMATIC analysis ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Background: Communication is an essential organizational process for responding to adversity. Managers are often advised to communicate frequently and redundantly during crises. Nonetheless, systematic investigation of how information receivers perceive organizational communication amid crises has remained lacking. Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize features of effective internal crisis communication by examining how information-sharing processes unfolded during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Between June and August 2020, we conducted 55 semistructured interviews with emergency department workers practicing in a variety of roles.We analyzed interview transcripts following constructivist constant comparative methods. Results: Our findings revealed that at the onset of COVID-19 pandemic response, emergency department workers struggled with immense fear and anxiety amid high uncertainty and equivocality. Frequent and redundant communication, however, resulted in information delivery and uptake problems, worsening anxiety, and interpersonal tension. These problems were ameliorated by the emergence of contextual experts who centralized and democratized communication. Centralization standardized information received across roles, work schedules, and settings while decoupling internal communication from turbulence in the environment. Democratization made information accessible in a way that all could understand. It also ensured information senders' receptiveness to feedback from information receivers. Centralization and democratization together worked to reduce sensed uncertainty and equivocality, which reduced anxiety and interpersonal tension. Conclusion: Establishing frequent and redundant communication strategies does not necessarily address the anxiety and interpersonal tension produced by uncertainty and equivocality in crises. Practice Implications: Centralization and democratization of crisis communication can reduce anxiety, improve coordination, and promote a safer workplace and patient care environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. Designing clinical guidelines that improve access and satisfaction in the emergency department.
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Pondicherry, Neha, Schwartz, Hope, Stark, Nicholas, Dhanoa, Jaskirat, Emanuels, David, Singh, Malini, and Peabody, Christopher R.
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- 2023
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4. Unprecedented Training: Experience of Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Stark, Nicholas, Hayirli, Tuna, Bhanja, Aditi, Kerrissey, Michaela, Hardy, James, and Peabody, Christopher R.
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- 2022
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5. Cohen v. JP Morgan Chase & Co.
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Stark, Nicholas
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- 2008
6. How psychological safety and feeling heard relate to burnout and adaptation amid uncertainty.
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Kerrissey, Michaela J., Hayirli, Tuna C., Bhanja, Aditi, Stark, Nicholas, Hardy, James, and Peabody, Christopher R.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,CROSS-sectional method ,PSYCHOLOGY ,ANALYTICAL biochemistry ,SURVEYS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THEORY ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,PATIENT care ,COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Background: Psychological safety—the belief that it is safe to speak up—is vital amid uncertainty, but its relationship to feeling heard is not well understood. Purpose: The aims of this study were (a) to measure feeling heard and (b) to assess how psychological safety and feeling heard relate to one another as well as to burnout, worsening burnout, and adaptation during uncertainty. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of emergency department staff and clinicians (response rate = 52%; analytic N = 241) in July 2020. The survey measured psychological safety, feeling heard, overall burnout, worsening burnout, and perceived process adaptation during the COVID-19 crisis. We assessed descriptive statistics and construct measurement properties, and we assessed relationships among the variables using generalized structural equation modeling. Results: Psychological safety and feeling heard demonstrated acceptable measurement properties and were correlated at r =.54. Levels of feeling heard were lower on average than psychological safety. Psychological safety and feeling heard were both statistically significantly associated with lower burnout and greater process adaptation. Only psychological safety exhibited a statistically significant relationship with less worsening burnout during crisis. We found evidence that feeling heard mediates psychological safety's relationship to burnout and process adaptation. Conclusion: Psychological safety is important but not sufficient for feeling heard. Feeling heard may help mitigate burnout and enable adaptation during uncertainty. Practice Implications: For health care leaders, expanding beyond psychological safety to also establish a feeling of being heard may further reduce burnout and improve care processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Discharge Navigator: Implementation and Cross-Sectional Evaluation of a Digital Decision Tool for Social Resources upon Emergency Department Discharge.
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Grade, Madeline, Stark, Nicholas, Emanuels, David, Lu, Alice, Doshi, Jay, Leung, Sherman, and Peabody, Christopher
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EVALUATION of human services programs , *COMMUNITY life , *HOSPITAL emergency services , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *PROFESSIONS , *CROSS-sectional method , *TRAUMA centers , *PATIENT-centered care , *HUMAN services programs , *URBAN hospitals , *HEALTH care teams , *CRITICAL care medicine , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *NEEDS assessment , *DISCHARGE planning - Abstract
Introduction: Many patients have unaddressed social needs that significantly impact their health, yet navigating the landscape of available resources and eligibility requirements is complex for both patients and clinicians. Methods: Using an iterative design-thinking approach, our multidisciplinary team built, tested, and deployed a digital decision tool called "Discharge Navigator" (edrive.ucsf.edu/dcnav) that helps emergency clinicians identify targeted social resources for patients upon discharge from the acute care setting. The tool uses each patient's clinical and demographic information to tailor recommended community resources, providing the clinician with action items, pandemic restrictions, and patient handouts for relevant resources in five languages. We implemented two modules at our urban, academic, Level I trauma center. Results: Over the 10-week period following product launch, between 4-81 on-shift emergency clinicians used our tool each week. Anonymously surveyed clinicians (n = 53) reported a significant increase in awareness of homelessness resources (33% pre to 70% post, P<0.0001) and substance use resources (17% to 65%, P<0.0001); confidence in accessing resources (22% to 74%, P<0.0001); knowledge of eligibility criteria (13% to 75%, P<0.0001); and ability to refer patients always or most of the time (11% to 43%, P<0.0001). The average likelihood to recommend the tool was 7.8 of 10. Conclusion: Our design process and low-cost tool may be replicated at other institutions to improve knowledge and referrals to local community resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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8. Team and leadership factors and their relationship to burnout in emergency medicine during COVID‐19: A 3‐wave cross‐sectional study.
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Bhanja, Aditi, Hayirli, Tuna, Stark, Nicholas, Hardy, James, Peabody, Christopher R., and Kerrissey, Michaela
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- 2022
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9. Building Back Better: Applying Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic to Expand Critical Information Access.
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Schwartz, Hope E.M., Stark, Nicholas R., Sowa, Cathleen S., Singh, Malini K., and Peabody, Christopher R.
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COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *ACCESS to information , *MEDICAL personnel , *INTERNET traffic - Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic generated an unprecedented volume of evolving clinical guidelines that strained existing clinical information systems and necessitated rapid innovation in emergency departments (EDs).Objectives: Our team aimed to harness new COVID-19-related reliance on digital clinical support tools to re-envision how all clinical guidelines are stored and accessed in our ED.Methods: We used a design-thinking approach including empathizing, defining the problem, ideating, prototyping, and testing to develop a low-cost, homegrown clinical information hub: E*Drive. To measure impact, we compared web traffic on E*Drive to our legacy cloud-based folder system and conducted a survey of end-users using a validated health technology utilization instrument.Results: Our final product, E*Drive, is a centralized clinical information hub storing everything from clinical guidelines to discharge resources. Clinical guidelines are standardized and housed within the high-traffic E*Drive platform to increase accessibility. Since launch, E*Drive has averaged 84 unique weekly users, compared with less than one weekly user on the legacy system. We surveyed 52 clinicians for a total response rate of 47%. Prior to the E*Drive rollout, 12.5% of ED clinicians felt confident accessing clinical information on the legacy system, whereas 76.6% of ED clinicians felt they could more easily access clinical information using E*Drive.Conclusion: The COVID pandemic revealed vulnerabilities within our information dissemination system and presented an opportunity to improve clinical information delivery. Centralized web-based clinical information hubs designed around the clinician end-user experience can increase clinical guideline access in the ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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10. MASKED AND DISTANCED: HOW PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AFFECTS TEAMWORK IN EMERGENCY CARE.
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HAYIRLI, TUNA C., STARK, NICHOLAS, BHANJA, ADITI, HARDY, JAMES, PEABODY, CHRISTOPHER R., and KERRISSEY, MICHAELA J.
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- 2021
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11. Masked and distanced: a qualitative study of how personal protective equipment and distancing affect teamwork in emergency care.
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Hayirli, Tuna C, Stark, Nicholas, Bhanja, Aditi, Hardy, James, Peabody, Christopher R, and Kerrissey, Michaela J
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Background: Newly intensified use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in emergency departments presents teamwork challenges affecting the quality and safety of care at the frontlines.Objective: We conducted a qualitative study to categorize and describe barriers to teamwork posed by PPE and distancing in the emergency setting.Methods: We conducted 55 semi-structured interviews between June 2020 and August 2020 with personnel from two emergency departments serving in a variety of roles. We then performed a thematic analysis to identify and construct patterns of teamwork challenges into themes.Results: We discovered two types of challenges to teamwork: material barriers related to wearing masks, gowns and powered air-purifying respirators, and spatial barriers implemented to conserve PPE and limit coronavirus exposure. Both material and spatial barriers resulted in disrupted communication, roles and interpersonal relationships, but they did so in unique ways. Material barriers muffled information flow, impeded team member recognition and role/task division, and reduced belonging and cohesion while increasing interpersonal strain. Spatial barriers resulted in mediated communication and added physical and emotional distance between teammates and patients.Conclusion: Our findings identify specific aspects of how intensified PPE use disrupts teamwork and can inform efforts to ensure care quality and safety in emergency settings as PPE use continues during and, potentially beyond, the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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12. Streamlining Care in Crisis: Rapid Creation and Implementation of a Digital Support Tool for COVID-19.
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Stark, Nicholas, Kerrissey, Michaela, Grade, Madeline, Berrean, Beth, and Peabody, Christopher
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DECISION making , *EMERGENCY medical services , *HOSPITAL emergency services , *MEDICAL quality control , *MEDICAL protocols , *WORLD Wide Web , *COVID-19 , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in rapidly evolving best practices for transmission reduction, diagnosis, and treatment. A regular influx of new information has upended traditionally static hospital protocols, adding additional stress and potential for error to an already overextended system. To help equip frontline emergency clinicians with up-to-date protocols throughout the evolving COVID-19 crisis, our team set out to create a dynamic digital tool that centralized and standardized resources from a broad range of platforms across our hospital. Using a design thinking approach, we rapidly built, tested, and deployed a solution using simple, out-of-the-box web technology that enables clinicians to access the specific information they seek within moments. This platform has been rapidly adopted throughout the emergency department, with up to 70% of clinicians using the digital tool on any given shift and 78.6% of users reporting that they “agree” or “strongly agree” that the platform has affected their management of COVID-19 patients. The tool has also proven easily adaptable, with multiple protocols being updated nearly 20 times over two months without issue. This paper describes our development process, challenges, and results to enable other institutions to replicate this process to ensure consistent, high-quality care for patients as the COVID-19 pandemic continues its unpredictable course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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13. Micromolded Carbon Paste Microelectrodes for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescent Detection on Microfluidic Devices.
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Gross, Erin M., Porter, Laura R., Stark, Nicholas R., Lowry, Emily R., Schaffer, Leah V., Maddipati, Sai Sujana, Hoyt, Dylan J., Stombaugh, Sarah E., Peila, Sarah R., and Henry, Charles S.
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CARBON electrodes ,HYDROGEN peroxide ,MICROFLUIDIC devices ,GLUCOSE oxidase ,PASTE ,MICROELECTRODES ,DETECTION limit - Abstract
Micromolded carbon paste electrodes are easily fabricated, disposable, and can be integrated into microfluidic devices to fabricate inexpensive sensors and biosensors. In this work, carbon paste microelectrodes were fabricated in poly(dimethylsiloxane) using micromolding techniques and were coupled to a microfluidic channel to fabricate electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensors. ECL was generated using both the tris(2,2'‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)/tripropylamine system and the hydrogen peroxide/luminol system. For each of these ECL systems, the sensor fabrication method was optimized, along with key experimental parameters (applied voltage, solution flow rate, buffer species and luminol concentration). The limit of detection (S/N=3) for TPrA was approximately 2.4 μM with a linear range of 10–100 μM. For hydrogen peroxide, the LOD was approximately 11 μM and the electrodes gave a linear response between 30 μM and 200 μM hydrogen peroxide. Electrodes containing glucose oxidase were fabricated using this new method, demonstrating that glucose could be indirectly detected via generation of hydrogen peroxide by the enzymatic reaction at the micromolded biosensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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14. How Staff Experience Information Communication During a Crisis: Evidence from Health Care Delivery.
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Hayirli, Tuna Cem, Stark, Nicholas, Hardy, James, Peabody, Christopher, and Kerrissey, Michaela
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Communicating information effectively is a vital means for reducing uncertainty during crises, but how leaders should inform organizational members amid chaos is far from straightforward. Using a sequential qualitative to quantitative mixed-methods study design, we explored frontline clinician experience with information dissemination strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic, and investigated the qualities that make communicated information more desirable to those tasked with navigating the fog of uncertainty. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 55 emergency department personnel, and found that uncertainty, lack of safety, and poor teamwork experience were major challenges for ED staff during the COVID-19 crisis. Participants described feeling overwhelmed by the great deal of information sent to them, confused about conflicting messages, and frustrated that they were unable to find the information they needed. These challenges were ameliorated by the emergence of contextual experts who focused on simultaneously democratizing and centralizing information. Qualitative findings helped generate survey measures, which were distributed to a broader sample. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors of theoretical value (information flow, consistency, and accessibility), which helped triangulate qualitative findings. Our study indicates that while uncertainty and fear during crises lead to an increased desire for information among staff, the manner in which that information is delivered is vital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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15. Student Perceptions of Foreign Born Instructors: Implications for Pedagogical Effectiveness.
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Devasagayam, P. Raj and Stark, Nicholas R.
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STUDENT evaluation of teachers ,FOREIGN teachers ,TEACHER development ,TEACHER-student communication ,EFFECTIVE teaching - Abstract
This research examines student perceptions of foreign born instructors in higher education. Based on the theoretical foundations of country of origin effects, this empirical study operationalizes constructs in classroom settings and student-teacher interactions. A national random sample of student respondents (n=785) is used to ascertain the validity of measures and subsequent analysis. The results indicate that the majority of students do not perceive foreign-born instructors differently from native-born instructors. Most students had a positive attitude towards foreign-born instructors and generally felt that foreign-born instructors were very effective teachers. Students indicated that foreign-born instructors would benefit from pedagogical strategies that reduce reliance on verbal instruction in favor of a hybrid of lectures and visuals. Student perceptions of overall effectiveness of foreign-born instructors are driven by observable instructor characteristics such accent, looks, attire, and skin color. Findings of this preliminary study are useful to foreign born instructors as they contemplate pedagogical strategies to better meet the needs of their students. This study also provides implications for instructors, and faculty development leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
16. Laptop Technology in Classrooms: How Student Perceptions Shape Learning and Satisfaction.
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Devasagayam, P. Raj, Stark, Nicholas R., and Watroba, Ryan
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COMPUTERS in education ,LAPTOP computers ,GRADUATES - Abstract
This study is based on perceptions of students regarding the integration of laptops in classroom endeavors. Empirical findings are based on data collected from a sample of 392 students in undergraduate and graduate universities in twelve states of the USA. Three key findings related to the integration of laptop technology into classrooms of higher education are reported. First relates to student perceptions and feelings surrounding laptop use in the classroom. Secondly, we report how these perceptions vary depending on personal characteristics of students. Lastly, we examine the role these perceptions play in student learning, as well as student satisfaction. Traditionally, laptop technology has been viewed as tool for facilitating note taking. However, our findings indicate that the learning experience is equal, and in some instances greater, when laptops are used to develop a more interactive learning environment, increase information gathering during class time, and enhance classroom discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
17. Examining the Linearity of Customer Satisfaction: Return on Satisfaction as an Alternative.
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Devasagayam, Raj, Stark, Nicholas R., and Valestin, Laura Spitz
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CUSTOMER satisfaction ,RETURN on quality ,CUSTOMER loyalty ,TEST validity ,PROFITABILITY - Abstract
Past literature has suggested maximizing customer satisfaction as a strategic choice to increase customer loyalty and ensuring revenues. However, the relationship between increased customer satisfaction and resultant revenue has remained unexamined. This research focuses on optimizing customer satisfaction rather than maximizing it. This optimization of customer satisfaction is based on maximizing profitability. In aiming for higher customer satisfaction levels with no regard to profitability, a company runs the risk of self-annihilation. Based on conceptual foundations of prior research on Return on Quality (ROQ), we propose the construct of Return on Satisfaction (ROS). We review frameworks of customer satisfaction examined by scholars in marketing and then propose a conceptual ROS model. We use empirical data (n=1597) obtained from an institution of higher education to test the conceptual model we propose. Results indicate that the data demonstrates construct validity and points to promising directions for further research. We conclude by underscoring managerial implications as well as the scholarly contributions of this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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18. Performance evaluation of virus concentration methods for implementing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater based epidemiology emphasizing quick data turnaround.
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Juel, Md Ariful Islam, Stark, Nicholas, Nicolosi, Bridgette, Lontai, Jordan, Lambirth, Kevin, Schlueter, Jessica, Gibas, Cynthia, and Munir, Mariya
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- 2021
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19. US Paper Wars: Creation of the Radical Press.
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Stark, Nicholas A.
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RADICALISM , *AMERICAN newspaper history , *NONFICTION , *TWENTIETH century - Published
- 2015
20. The IRA in Britain, 1919–1923: 'In the Heart of Enemy Lines,': by Gerard Noonan, Liverpool, Liverpool University Press, 2014, 371 pp., £24.95, paperback, ISBN: 978-1-78694-013-1.
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Stark, Nicholas
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NONFICTION - Published
- 2020
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21. Barring the Path of Revolution: Imprisonment and Irish Independence.
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Stark, Nicholas A.
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POLITICAL prisoners , *CRIMINAL justice system , *NONFICTION - Published
- 2014
22. Zinc finger protein ZNF384 is an adaptor of Ku to DNA during classical non-homologous end-joining
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Anton J.L. de Groot, Jenny Kaur Singh, Haibin Qian, Rebecca Smith, Román González-Prieto, Magdalena B. Rother, Sébastien Huet, Haico van Attikum, Przemek M. Krawczyk, Meindert Lamers, Ostiane D’Augustin, Kees Vreeken, Wouter W. Wiegant, Robbert Q. Kim, Alfred C. O. Vertegaal, Jonchère, Laurent, Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée - - France-BioImaging2010 - ANR-10-INBS-0004 - INBS - VALID, APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Analyse multi-échelle des mécanismes précoces de remodelage de la chromatine au niveau des dommages dans l'ADN - - REPAIRCHROM2018 - ANR-18-CE12-0015 - AAPG2018 - VALID, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Biosit : biologie, santé, innovation technologique (SFR UMS CNRS 3480 - INSERM 018), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], We thank Robin van Schendel and Marcel Tijsterman for the custom Sanger Sequence analyzer and help with the sequence analysis, and Dik van Gent, Stephen Taylor, Geert Kopps, Bernard Lopez, Roger Greenberg, Maria Jasin, Jeremy Stark, Nicholas Lakin, Sylvia Gelpke-Vermeulen, and Karoly Szuhai for kindly providing valuable reagents. We also thank the Microscopy-Rennes Imaging Center (BIOSIT, Université Rennes 1), a member of the national infrastructure France-BioImaging supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR-10-INBS-04), for providing access to their imaging setups, as well as S. Dutertre and X. Pinson for technical assistance with the microscopes. This research was financially supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC-StG 310913 to A.C.O.V., ERC-CoG 50364 to H.v.A.), the Ligue contre le Cancer du Grand-Ouest (committees 22 and 35), the Fondation ARC pour la recherche sur le cancer (20161204883), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (PRC-2018 REPAIRCHROM) and the Institut Universitaire de France (all grants to S.H.). R.S. is supported by the Fondation ARC pour la recherche sur le cancer (PDF20181208405), ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), ANR-18-CE12-0015,REPAIRCHROM,Analyse multi-échelle des mécanismes précoces de remodelage de la chromatine au niveau des dommages dans l'ADN(2018), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Universiteit Leiden, Graduate School, Medical Biology, and CCA - Cancer biology and immunology
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Ku80 ,DNA damage ,DNA repair ,Science ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,DNA-binding proteins ,Humans ,DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ,Non-homologous-end joining ,030304 developmental biology ,Zinc finger ,0303 health sciences ,Ku70 ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,fungi ,DNA ,General Chemistry ,DNA repair protein XRCC4 ,Chromatin ,Cell biology ,Non-homologous end joining ,[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Trans-Activators ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are among the most deleterious types of DNA damage as they can lead to mutations and chromosomal rearrangements, which underlie cancer development. Classical non-homologous end-joining (cNHEJ) is the dominant pathway for DSB repair in human cells, involving the DNA-binding proteins XRCC6 (Ku70) and XRCC5 (Ku80). Other DNA-binding proteins such as Zinc Finger (ZnF) domain-containing proteins have also been implicated in DNA repair, but their role in cNHEJ remained elusive. Here we show that ZNF384, a member of the C2H2 family of ZnF proteins, binds DNA ends in vitro and is recruited to DSBs in vivo. ZNF384 recruitment requires the poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase 1 (PARP1)-dependent expansion of damaged chromatin, followed by binding of its C2H2 motifs to the exposed DNA. Moreover, ZNF384 interacts with Ku70/Ku80 via its N-terminus, thereby promoting Ku70/Ku80 assembly and the accrual of downstream cNHEJ factors, including APLF and XRCC4/LIG4, for efficient repair at DSBs. Altogether, our data suggest that ZNF384 acts as a ‘Ku-adaptor’ that binds damaged DNA and Ku70/Ku80 to facilitate the build-up of a cNHEJ repairosome, highlighting a role for ZNF384 in DSB repair and genome maintenance., Classical non-homologous end-joining (cNHEJ) is the dominant pathway used by human cells to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and maintain genome stability. Here the authors show that PARP1-driven chromatin expansion allows the recruitment of ZNF384, which in turn recruits Ku70/Ku80 to facilitate cNHEJ.
- Published
- 2021
23. Implementing building-level SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance on a university campus.
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Gibas, Cynthia, Lambirth, Kevin, Mittal, Neha, Juel, Md Ariful Islam, Barua, Visva Bharati, Roppolo Brazell, Lauren, Hinton, Keshawn, Lontai, Jordan, Stark, Nicholas, Young, Isaiah, Quach, Cristine, Russ, Morgan, Kauer, Jacob, Nicolosi, Bridgette, Chen, Don, Akella, Srinivas, Tang, Wenwu, Schlueter, Jessica, and Munir, Mariya
- Published
- 2021
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