Search

The present paper provides a brief overview of the existing methods for energy separation and an analysis of the possibility of the practical application of the Hartmann–Sprenger effect to provide quasi-isothermal pressure reduction of natural gas at the facilities within a gas transmission system. The recommendations of external authors are analyzed. A variant of a quasi-isothermal pressure regulator is proposed, which assumes the mixing of flows after energy separation. Using a numerical simulation of gas dynamics, it is demonstrated that the position of the resonators can be determined on the basis of calculations of the structure of the underexpanded jet without taking into account the resonator and, accordingly, without the need for time-consuming calculations of the dynamics of the processes. Based on the results of simulating the gas dynamics of two nozzle–resonator pairs installed in a single flow housing, it is shown that, in order to optimize the regulator length, the width of the passage between the two nearest resonators should be greater than or equal to the sum of diameters of the critical sections of the nozzles. Numerical vibroacoustic analysis demonstrated that the most dangerous part of the resonator is the frequency of its natural oscillations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective fluid-loss control in oil wells is a critical concern for the oil industry, particularly given the substantial reserves situated in carbonate reservoirs globally. The prevalence of such reservoirs is expected to rise with the slow depletion of hydrocarbons, intensifying the need to address challenges related to deteriorating reservoir properties post well-killing operations. This deterioration results in significant annual losses in hydrocarbon production at major oil enterprises, impacting key performance indicators. To tackle this issue, this study focuses on enhancing well-killing technology efficiency in carbonate reservoirs with abnormally low formation pressures. To address this issue, the authors propose the development of new blocking compositions that prevent the fluid loss of treatment fluids by the productive reservoir. The research tasks include a comprehensive analysis of global experience in well-killing technology; the development of blocking compositions; an investigation of their physico-chemical, rheological, and filtration properties; and an evaluation of their effectiveness in complicated conditions. The technology's application in the oil and gas condensate fields of the Volga-Ural province showcases its practical implementation. This study provides valuable insights and solutions for improved fluid-loss control in carbonate reservoirs, ultimately enhancing well performance and hydrocarbon recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Storage tanks for petroleum products must comply with the requirements of technical, technological and environmental safety. The corrosion rate increases with prolonged storage of petroleum products in tanks. To prevent the destruction processes for reliable operation of tanks caused by metal corrosion some solutions are needed. Active formation of general sludge occurs in the storage of fuel oil, which contains corrosion-active substances, because of the incompatibility of fuels. The paper assesses the effect of total oil sludge in tanks on the corrosion process and on the reliability of tanks. Studies of the formation of a common sediment caused by incompatibility when mixing petroleum products are conducted. The paper proposes a solution which allows to reduce the formation of total oil sludge and to ensure reliable operation of reservoirs.

Providing quality fuel to ships with reduced SOx content is a priority task. Marine residual fuels are one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution during the operation of ships and sea tankers. Hence, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has established strict regulations for the sulfur content of marine fuels. One of the possible technological solutions allowing for adherence to the sulfur content limits is use of mixed fuels. However, it carries with it risks of ingredient incompatibilities. This article explores a new approach to the study of active sedimentation of residual and mixed fuels. An assessment of the sedimentation process during mixing, storage, and transportation of marine fuels is made based on estimation three-dimensional diagrams developed by the authors. In an effort to find the optimal solution, studies have been carried out to determine the influence of marine residual fuel compositions on sediment formation via machine learning algorithms. Thus, a model which can be used to predict incompatibilities in fuel compositions as well as sedimentation processes is proposed. The model can be used to determine the sediment content of mixed marine residual fuels with the desired sulfur concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article shows studies of the problem of active sediment formation during mixing of residual fuels, caused by the manifestation of incompatibility. To preserve the quality and reduce sediment formation during transshipment, storage, and transportation of marine residual fuels, a laboratory method for determining the compatibility and stability of fuels has been developed, which makes it possible to determine the quantitative characteristics of the sediment formation activity. According to the method developed, laboratory studies have been carried out to determine incompatible fuel components and the influence of composition on the sedimentation process. Tests were carried out to determine the quality indicators and the individual group composition of the fuel samples. Based on the results of the studies, the dependences of the influence of normal structure paraffins in the range from 55 to 70 wt. % and asphaltenes in the range from 0.5 to 3.5 wt. % in the fuel composition on the sedimentation activity due to incompatibility were obtained. To obtain a convenient tool that is applicable in practice, a nomogram has been developed on the basis of the dependences obtained experimentally. It was also determined that, after reaching the maximum values of sediment formation with a further increase in the content of n-paraffins, saturation is observed, and the value of the sediment content remains at the same level. Maximum total sediment values have been found to depend on asphaltene content and do not significantly exceed them within 10%. The results of the research presented in this article allow laboratory and calculation to determine the possibility of incompatibility and to preserve the quality of marine residual fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]