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22. Abstracts of selected papers presented at the 78th general meeting of the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology

Author

Kusano, Motoyasu, Sekiguchi, Toshikazu, Hanyu, Nobuyoshi, Aoki, Teruaki, Matsushima, Yasuhiro, Okamoto, Eizo, Takeda, Yasuo, Takeda, Ryoyu, Miyachi, Masahiko, Nimura, Yuji, Arai, Taidoh, Masuda, Jun, Tanaka, Masao, Ogawa, Yoshiaki, Ura, Kazuhide, Matsumoto, Teiji, Taniyama, K., Kurosawa, Susumu, Owyang, Chung, Baba, Hiroshi, Fujimura, Masaki, Hamada, Eiji, Shimada, Tadahito, Kabemura, Teppei, Chijiiwa, Yoshiharu, Sato, T., Koito, K., Matsuda, Hiroko, Kawasaki, Tsunehisa, Obara, Katsutoshi, Kasukawa, Reiji, Miyoshi, Hirofumi, Matsumoto, Akio, Yamamoto, Manabu, Ohmasa, Ryouji, Kokubu, Shigehiro, Shibata, Hisao, Tajiri, Takashi, Onda, Masahiko, Hashizume, Makoto, Sugimachi, Keizo, Kobayashi, Kenji, Shiozaki, Hitoshi, Fujisaki, Junko, Shimoda, Tadakazu, Hase, Satoshi, Tsukamoto, Yoshihisa, Atsumi, M., Konishi, H., Nakajo, Shinobu, Fujiyama, Yoshihide, Taruishi, Masaki, Ayabe, Tokiyoshi, Morise, Kimitomo, Yamaguchi, Takeo, Makiyama, Kazuya, Itsuno, Minoru, Matsui, T., Okabe, N., Okabe, Nobuo, Matsui, Toshiyuki, Sakatani, Arata, Koizumi, Koichi, Imai, Yutaka, Sugino, Yoshinori, Masaki, Tadahiko, Sawada, Toshio, Nishigami, Takashi, Satomi, Masamichi, Hatada, Yasumasa, Saito, Hiroshi, Kobayshi, Kiyonori, Katsumata, Tomoe, Sugimoto, Kenji, Itabashi, Tsukasa, Kitagawa, Motoji, Hayakawa, Tetsuo, Okazaki, Kazuichi, Yamamoto, Yasuro, Funakoshi, Akihiro, Miyasaka, Kyoko, Soejima, Kazuhiko, Kanda, Mikio, Sugiyama, Masanori, Kuroda, Akira, Inoue, Hisayuki, Bamba, Tadao, Hamanaka, Y., Suzuki, T., Suzuki, Mamoru, Hanyu, Fujio, Tamura, Katsuhiro, Nakase, Akira, Noguchi, M., Hiwatashi, N., Murata, Yuhji, Suzuki, Kazuo, Ohtani, Haruo, Watanabe, Yoshihisa, Zeniya, Mikio, Aizawa, Yoshio, Masumoto, T., Onji, M., Hamasaki, Keisuke, Nakata, Keisuke, Fukui, Hiroshi, Tsujii, Tadasu, Yamashiki, Masayoshi, Nishimura, Akira, Tsutsui, Hiroko, Mizoguchi, Yasuhiro, Kimura, Fumio, Miyazaki, Masaru, Kiyota, Keisuke, Inokuchi, Hideto, Yamamoto, Yoshihiro, Oka, Hiroshi, Horikoshi, Tsutomu, Sekiguchi, Toshikazu, Takayasu, H., Shirai, T., Hongo, Michio, Okuno, Yo, Okano, H., Aoyama, N., Ohsuki, Masao, Maeda, Kenji, Haruma, Ken, Sumii, Koji, Nakai, Yoshihide, Fukunaga, Mikihiko, Kaneko, Hiroshi, Morise, Kimitomo, Okumura, Toshikatsu, Uehara, Akira, Fukuda, Yoshihiro, Satomi, Masamichi, Joh, Takashi, Itoh, Makoto, Kitagawa, Yuko, Kitajima, Masaki, Iwao, Tadashi, Toyonaga, Atsushi, Nakamura, Masahiko, Oda, Masaya, Kawamura, Yukimitsu, Dohden, Kenji, Kamiyama, Yasuhiko, Matsuno, Seiki, Hirano, Morihisa, Otsuka, Sachio, Ito, Masahiro, Sekine, Ichiro, Ogihara, Tatsuo, Sato, Nobuhiro, Uehara, Akira, Namiki, Masayoshi, Sugiura, Nobuyuki, Ebara, Masaaki, Matsuo, Naoki, Uchida, Hideo, Okada, Shuichi, Okazaki, Nobuo, Tsujii, Hirohiko, Ohsuga, Toshiaki, Abe, M., Nagata, Y., Yamasaki, Susumu, Kosuge, Tomoo, Kitamoto, Mikiya, Nakanishi, Toshio, Ichikawa, Yuzo, Mizoguchi, Yasuhiro, Ohtake, Yoshio, Hirasawa, Hiroyuki, Sugihara, Junichi, Muto, Yasutoshi, Yasunaga, Mitsuru, Okita, Kiwamu, Ukida, Minoru, Tsuji, Takao, Isai, Hideya, Uchino, Junichi, Suzuki, Katsuhiko, Komatsu, Kanji, Ohtomo, Yumiko, Idezuki, Yasuo, Sakuramachi, Shunji, Kimura, Taizo, Kitano, Seigo, Sugimachi, Keizo, Moriyama, Masaaki, Yazaki, Yasuyuki, and Saito, Takashige

Published
1993
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38. The Usefulness of Gastric Mass Screening Using Serum Pepsinogen Levels Compared with Photofluorography

Author

Yoshihara, Masaharu, Sumii, Koji, Haruta, Ken, Kiyohira, Kuninushi, Hattori, Nobuaki, Tanaka, Shinji, Kajiyama, Goro, and Shigenobu, Takuso

Subjects
Gastric mass screening, Photofluorography, Gastric cancer, digestive system, Serum pepsinogen, digestive system diseases
Abstract

Chronic atrophic gastritis, which is thought to be a high risk for gastric cancer, can be diagnosed by serum pepsinogen levels. We compared the usefulness of the measurement of pepsinogen levels and indirect photofluorography as indicators of gastric cancer in a mass screening involving 5,620 Japanese subjects (mean age: 60.1 years old; male : female = 2,268 : 3,352) in 1991 and 1992. Subjects with a serum pepsinogen I level below 30 μg/liter or a pepsinogen I/II ratio below 2.0 were considered to be at high risk of gastric cancer. The incidence of gastric cancer and the ratio of early cancers detected by pepsinogen levels (0.12%, 4/7) were similar to those detected by photofluorography (0.11 %, 4/6). Our results showed that mass screening using pepsinogen levels was as useful as indirect photofluorography for the detection of gastric cancer in Japan. In addition, our results showed that the sensitivity of gastric mass screening was increased when the measurement of serum pepsinogen levels was combined with photofluorography.

Published
1997

40. Proceedings of the 26th annual meeting Chiba, Japan, October 18–20, 1984

Author

Iwatsuki, Shunzaburo, Hermans, Paul E., Beasley, R. Palmer, Summers, Jesse, Tandon, B. N., Kobayashi, Kenichi, Kinami, Yoshio, Kojiro, Masamichi, Nakashima, Toshiro, Toyosaka, Akihiro, Okamoto, Eizo, Higashi, Shunsaku, Mizumoto, Ryuji, Isobe, Yoshinori, Saitoh, Akiko, Ohue, Shoichi, Ohishi, Hajime, Ebara, Masaaki, Ohto, Masao, Aoyagi, Yutaka, Ichida, Fumihiro, Ido, Kenichi, Kimura, Ken, Tsuchiya, Yukihiro, Sumida, Masatosi, Ichikawa, Kazuo, Nakazawa, Saburo, Mizunuma, Kimiyoshi, Tada, Shimpei, Boto, Nobuo, Miyaji, Makoto, Asano, Eiichi, Nagakawa, Takukazu, Iseki, Joji, Beppu, Tomoe, Sato, Hiromichi, Ito, Jishu, Ogura, Yoshifumi, Mizumoto, Ryuji, Kawaguchi, Hidehiro, Muto, Terukazu, Tsuzuki, Toshiharu, Ogata, Yoshiro, Ono, Mikiko, Sohma, Satoru, Hara, Yasuhiro, Kiyonari, Hideyasu, Hayakawa, Tetsuo, Katada, Naoyuki, Miyashita, Tadashi, Suzuki, Takashi, Ogata, Yoshiro, Hishinuma, Shoichi, Karasawa, Eii, Saisho, Hiromitsu, Suyama, Masafumi, Ariyama, Jo, Fujimoto, Sotaro, Nakajima, Masatsugu, Miyamoto, Toshimitsu, Tsuchiya, Ryoichi, Miyashita, Eishi, Matsuno, Seiki, Wada, Yoshiyuki, Kuroda, Akira, Higashino, Yoshinobu, Nagakawa, Takukazu, Tanaka, Akira, Sakaue, Hiroshi, Yamanaka, Naoki, Okamoto, Eizo, Ozawa, Kazue, Arii, Shigeki, Sakamoto, Akio, Usui, Sadahito, Kawarada, Yoshifumi, Mizumoto, Ryuji, Iida, Shuhei, Tsuzuki, Toshiharu, Okamura, J., Sakurai, M., Shibata, Hisao, Nii, Shigenori, Suenaga, Masahiro, Horisawa, Masumasa, Kondo, Tatsuhei, Kariya, Atsushi, Mayama, Soko, Muto, T., Agawa, S., Kitajima, Y., Morioka, Y., Aisawa, Tadashi, Sano, Masaaki, Hiwatashi, Nobuo, Kitano, A., Kobayashi, K., Fukushima, Tsuneo, Aiso, Sadakazu, Asakura, Hitoshi, Nakano, Hiroshige, Nanba, Koji, Miyake, Hirofumi, Harada, Hideo, Takagi, Kunio, Igarashi, Tsutomu, Kurihara, Youichi, Sumii, Koji, Uemura, Naomi, Takahashi, Hitoshi, Nishigori, Rumiko, Shibata, Hiromi, Muto, Hiroshi, Yanaka, Akinori, Nakahara, Akira, Koyama, Shohei, Fukutomi, Hisayuki, Oosuga, Toshiaki, Harasawa, S., Miura, T., Saigenji, Katsunori, Miwa, Takeshi, Yamagata, Susumu, Fukutomi, Hisayuki, Katsumi, Kohei, Ito, Makoto, Tatsuta, Masaharu, Iishi, Hiroyasu, Okuda, Shigeru, Murai, M., Fukui, K., Sakai, Hideaki, Yoshida, Yukio, Suyama, Kyoichiro, Tsuchiya, Masaharu, Nakamura, Takashi, Ko, Sen, Sato, Masanobu, Kano, Atsushi, Yukawa, Ken-ichi, Yabana, T., Yachi, A., Noda, Hideki, Tobe, Takayoshi, Takahashi, Toku, Yamamura, Takehira, Misawa, Tadashi, Ibayashi, Hiroshi, Kishimoto, S., Shimizu, S., Nishi, Syogoro, Komuro, Terumasa, Uehara, Yasuo, Kobayashi, S., Suzuki, M., Uchida, T., and Yanaihara, N.

Published
1985
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41. Proceedings of the 68th Annual Meeting from March 28th–30th, 1982—Hiroshima, Japan

Author

Miwa, Takeshi, Okabe, S., Takeuchi, K., Yano, Shingo, Yabana, Tsuyoshi, Yoshimura, Yutaka, Fujii, Ken, Sato, Yuichi, Narasaki, Yoshikazu, Kondo, Tetsuo, Akahonai, Yoshikazu, Yachi, Akira, Ogawa, Katsuhiro, Takeuchi, Koji, Nobuhara, Youichi, Yamakuni, Hisashi, Okabe, Susumu, Ohe, Keiji, Nakamura, Michio, Matsumoto, Haruki, Fujiwara, Takashi, Yokoya, Hitoshi, Onda, Masaki, Inoue, Masaki, Miyoshi, Akima, Nakano, Shigeuki, Gonoi, Tetsuro, Moriga, Motoyuki, Ishimori, Akira, Kitajima, M., Kumakura, Kenji, Yao, Tsuneyoshi, Okada, Mitsuo, Rl, Seirai, Shimizu, Naokata, Ogawa, Nobuya, Saigenji, K., Okabe, H., Nakazawa, Saburo, Fukuchi, Sohtaro, Misaki, Fumio, Sumii, Koji, Hayakawa, Akira, Ogoshi, Kazuei, Isobe, Yoshinari, Takahashi, Isao, Miyoshi, Akima, Nakane, Paul K., Brown, William R., Tsuji, Moriyasu, Tanaka, Ko, Miyachi, Yukitaka, Miyoshi, Akima, Yachi, Akira, Akahonai, Yoshikazu, Kanoh, Tadashi, Uchino, Haruto, Fujiyama, Yoshihide, Asakura, Hitoshi, Kuroe, Kiyoo, Murata, Yuji, Kobayashi, Kenzo, Furukawa, Hiroo, Shiwaku, Yoshiyuki, Morita, Norikazu, Inoue, Mikio, Uchida, Yoshihito, Yagita, Akikuni, Kodama, Hiroshi, Tsuchitani, Toshiharu, Nioh, Yoshinori, Yamazaki, Nobuyasu, Kan, Norimichi, Ohgaki, Kazuhisa, Tobe, Takayoshi, Takino, Tatsuro, Ohta, Yasuyuki, Kumada, Hiromitsu, Hino, Kunihiko, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Muto, Yasutoshi, Yoshitane, Kosaka, Kawakami, Hiroiku, Suzuki, Shiro, Watanabe, Shozoh, Saito, Sumio, Koizumi, Masaru, Noda, Aiji, Kinugasa, Katsuhiko, Ogawa, Michio, Imamura, Koichiro, Yabe, Hideyuki, Sawabu, N., Yoneshima, M., Nishida, Koichi, Usami, Makoto, Yamamoto, Hisafumi, Saito, Shozo, Yamanaka, Takeo, Kimoto, Eizo, Tanaka, Yoshinori, Kasugai, Tatsuzo, Oi, Itaru, Takebe, Takaaki, Hayakawa, Tetsuo, Kozu, Tadahiko, Kitamura, Tsugio, Komatsu, Kanji, and Igimi, Hirotsune

Published
1982
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43. The Relationship between Gastric Secretion and Type of Early Gastric Carcinoma

Author

Yoshihara, Masaharu, Haruma, Ken, Sumii, Koji, Watanabe, Chiyuki, Kiyohira, Kuninushi, Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki, Tanaka, Shinji, and Kajiyama, Goro

Subjects
digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Gastric carcinoma, Serum gastrin, digestive system, digestive system diseases, Gastric acid secretion, Serum pepsinogen I
Abstract

To determine the relationship between gastric secretion and gastric carcinoma, we investigated gastric acid secretion and the fasting serum levels of pepsinogen I and gastrin in 50 Japanese patients with early gastric carcinoma. After the histological and macroscopic type of carcinoma had been determined, results were compared with findings in 50 Japanese control subjects whose gastric mucosa was endoscopically normal. The maximum gastric acid secretion and fasting levels of serum pepsinogen I were significantly lower in intestinal type gastric carcinoma than in diffuse type carcinoma and in the controls. They were also significantly lower in the non-ulcerative (elevated or flat) type than in the ulcerative (depressed) type of carcinoma. The serum gastrin levels in patients with early gastric carcinoma of either the intestinal or diffuse type were higher than those in the control subjects, though the difference was not significant. Gastric acid secretion and serum pepsinogen I levels were related with both the histological and macroscopic types of gastric carcinoma. These findings suggest that the serum pepsinogen I level might be useful as a maker for early gastric carcinoma of the intestinal type.

Published
1995

44. Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastroduodenal Disease : a Comparison of Endoscopic Findings, Histology, and Urease Test Data

Author

Haruma, Ken, Okamoto, Shiro, Sumii, Koji, Yoshihara, Masaharu, Tari, Akira, Teshima, Hitosihi, Shimamoto, Takehiro, Takehara, Yoshihiko, Tanaka, Shinji, Yamamoto, Goso, Teixeira, Claudio Rolim, Sumii, Masaharu, Kishimoto, Shinya, Kajiyama, Goro, and Wagner, Siegfried

Subjects
Peptic ulcer, Gastritis, Gastric carcinoma, digestive system diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection
Abstract

To determine the prevalence and significance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, biopsies of the antral mucosa were obtained from 139 patients and 43 asymptomatic volunteers. The specimens were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and the urease test. The detection rate of H. pylori by histologic examination was 91.3% in patients with duodenal ulcer, 75.0% in those with combined duodenal and gastric ulcer, 63.6% in those with gastric ulcer, 22.9% in those with gastric carcinoma, 36.4% in those with gastric adenoma, 14.3% in those with gastric hyperplastic polyp, and 51.7% in those with gastritis, and the respective percentages detected by the urease test were 91.3%, 75.0%, 54.5%, 28.6%, 27.3%, 14.3%, and 44.8%. H. pylori was also detected in 10/43 (23.3%) asymptomatic healthy volunteers by histology and the urease test. The prevalence of H. pylori was significantly higher in the patients than in the asymptomatic healthy volunteers (p < 0.05). H. pylori was detected in 62.9% of patients with endoscopic erosive gastritis and in 97.9% of those with histologically proven chronic active gastritis. The urease test was positive in 77/82 patients who were histologically positive for the organism (sensitivity: 93.9%), and it was negative in 98/100 patients who were negative by histology (specificity: 98.0%). Thus, there was over 90% agreement between the urease test and histology. Our investigations showed that H. pylori was closely related to peptic ulcers and antral gastritis, and that the urease test provides a simple, rapid and accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection.

Published
1992

45. A low [sup 13] C-urea breath test value is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer.

Author

Chen, Xing, Haruma, Ken, Kamada, Tomoari, Hattori, Nobuaki, Yoshihara, Masaharu, Kitadai, Yasuhiko, Tanaka, Shinji, Sumii, Koji, and Chayama, Kazuaki

Subjects
BREATH tests, STOMACH cancer risk factors, HELICOBACTER pylori infections
Abstract

Purpose. The [sup 13] C-urea breath test (UBT) is considered to be the most accurate way of diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. Values are affected by H. pylori infection and by the severity of atrophic gastritis. Our objective was to determine the association of UBT values with gastric cancer, and to evaluate the risk of gastric cancer in terms of UBT values. Methods. Our study involved 413 consecutive patients who had undergone esophagogastroduodenal examination and the UBT test. Results. Of the 398 patients with positive UBT results, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia scores in both antrum and corpus were significantly higher in patients with gastric cancer than in those with gastritis, duodenal ulcer, and gastric ulcer. The UBT value related to gastric cancer (22.01 ± 1.89‰) was significantly lower than that for gastritis (35.19 ± 1.53‰; P < 0.01), duodenal ulcer (29.01 ± 1.97‰; P < 0.05), or gastric ulcer (30.79 ± 2.83‰; P < 0.05). When the UBT values were less than 20‰, increases in the risk of gastric cancer correlated with decreasing UBT values. Conclusions. These findings indicate that the UBT value related to gastric cancer is significantly lower than that for gastritis, duodenal ulcer, or gastric ulcer in H. pylori-positive patients. Low UBT values were associated with the risk of gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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47. Clinical Significance of Human Erythrocyte Glucose Transporter 1 Expression at the Deepest Invasive Site of Advanced Colorectal Carcinoma.

Author

Furudoi, Akira, Tanaka, Shinji, Haruma, Ken, Yoshihara, Masaharu, Sumii, Koji, Kajiyama, Goro, and Shimamoto, Fumio

Subjects
COLON cancer, CANCER, PROGNOSIS, SYMPTOMS, ERYTHROCYTES
Abstract

Objective: Malignant cells exhibit increased glucose uptake and utilization in vitro and in vivo. This process is thought to be mediated by the glucose transporter (Glut) family. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of Glut1 expression at the site of deepest invasion as a predictor of the invasive/metastatic potential and prognosis of advanced colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Methods: One hundred and fifty-two patients who had undergone surgical resection for advanced CRC were entered in this study. Histologic subclassifications at the deepest invasive site included well-differentiated (W), moderately to well-differentiated (Mw), moderately to poorly differentiated (Mp), poorly differentiated (Por) and mucinous (Muc) adenocarcinomas. Glut1 expression was examined immunohistochemically with a labeled streptavidin-biotin kit using anti-Glut1 polyclonal antibody MYM. As a marker of cell proliferation, Ki-67 expression was also examined. All immunoreactivity was analyzed at the deepest invasive site, central portion and superficial part. The immunohistochemical expression of Glut1 was defined as positive if distinct staining of the membrane or cytoplasm was observed in at least 30% of tumor cells. Results: Glut1 expression was detected in 56 of 152 lesions (36.8%) at the deepest invasive site. The incidence of Glut1 expression at the deepest invasive site correlated significantly with histologic grade (W/Mw grade, 28% vs. Mp/Por/Muc grade, 48%), depth of invasion (invasion of muscularis propria/invasion of subserosa or subadventitia, 29% vs. invasion of serosa or adventitia/invasion of adjacent structures, 52%), lymphatic invasion (absence of lymphatic invasion, 19% vs. presence of lymphatic invasion, 40%), lymph node metastasis (absence of lymph node metastasis, 25% vs. presence of lymph node metastasis, 41%) and Duke’s stage (Duke’s

Published
2001
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48. Detailed colonoscopy for detecting early superficial carcinoma: recent developments.

Author

TANAKA, SHINJI, HARUMA, KEN, ITO, MASAHIRO, NAGATA, SHINJI, OH-E, HIROTOKI, HIROTA, YUICHI, KUNIHIRO, MASAKI, KITADAI, YASUHIKO, YOSIHARA, MASAHARU, SUMII, KOJI, and KAJIYAMA, GORO

Subjects
COLON cancer, CANCER, COLONOSCOPY, COLON examination, ADENOMA
Abstract

Early superficial colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has been commonly detected by routine colonoscopic examination in Japan. A series of 769 early CRCs and 4821 adenomas were diagnosed by colonoscopy at Hiroshima University Medical Hospital between 1991 and 1998. Of early CRCs, macroscopically superficial early CRCs accounted for 209 lesions (28%). Among 5590 lesions of adenomas and carcinomas, depressed-type lesions showed a significantly higher malignant potential for cancerous and submucosal invasion than elevated lesions (polypoid, IIa-type lesions, and G-LST). As one of the quantitative examinations for early CRC, pit pattern observed by magnifying videocolonoscopy was useful. We performed magnifying observations for 265 lesions of colorectal neoplasias using Kudo's pit pattern classification for 2 years. Depressed-type lesions characterized the Ills and V pit patterns, and elevated lesions characterized the IIIL pit pattern. The incidence of cancer was significantly higher in lesions with Ills and V pit patterns. Furthermore, the VN pit pattern was considered a significant indicator of submucosal invasion. These results indicated that superficial early CRC could be considered to constitute about one-third of all early CRCs. Of them, the depressed-type lesions showed a significantly higher malignant potential than elevated lesions. Pit pattern observation by magnifying videocolonoscopy is useful for predicting the histology/invasion depth of early CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

49. Growth Characteristics of Rectal Carcinoid Tumors.

Author

Shimizu, Toshihiko, Tanaka, Shinji, Haruma, Ken, Kitadai, Yasuhiko, Yoshihara, Masaharu, Sumii, Koji, Kajiyama, Goro, and Shimamoto, Fumio

Subjects
CARCINOID, RECTUM tumors, TUMOR growth, APOPTOSIS, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
Abstract

Purpose: Tissue growth depends on both cell proliferation and cell death. This study was designed to examine the growth characteristics of rectal carcinoid tumors. Methods: Fifty rectal carcinoid tumors were studied clinicopathologically and experimentally. Expression of Ki-67, TGF-α, p53, and bcl-2 was examined immunohistochemically, and apoptotic cells were identified by the in situ DNA nick end labeling method. EGF receptor expression was examined by a colorimetric in situ mRNA hybridization technique. Results: The median Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in all lesions was 0.62 ± 0.59%. Ki-67 LI was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in lesions larger than 5 mm than in lesions smaller than 5 mm. TGF-α was expressed more frequently (p < 0.01) in lesions larger than 5 mm (100%) than in lesions smaller than 5 mm (65.2%). Ki-67 LI was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in lesions with TGF-α expression than in lesions without TGF-α expression. The in situ hybridization revealed EGF receptor expression in all 46 lesions with intact mRNA (100%), and coexpression of TGF-α and EGF receptor was found in 39 of the 46 (84.8%) lesions. The median apoptotic index (AI) in all lesions was 0.15 ± 0.12%. AI has increased with tumor size and was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in lesions with a higher Ki-67 LI than in lesions with a lower Ki-67 LI. p53 protein was detected in only 1 patient who had liver metastases, and the gene mutation was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. bcl-2 expression was absent in all lesions. Conclusions: The Ki-67 LI indicated a low cellular proliferative activity in rectal carcinoid tumors. AI was very low, and was significantly correlated with proliferative rate. Inhibition of apoptosis by mutated p53 or bcl-2 may not have occurred in most of these tumors. TGF-α/EGF receptor autocrine mechanisms may play a possible role in tumor growth, and the cellular proliferative activity may increase as tumors grow larger.Copyright © 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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50. Enhanced tumorigenicity of insulinoma by X-irradiation of the gastric regions in Sprague–Dawley male rats.

Author

Haruma, K, Kido, Soichiro, Haruma, Ken, Kitadai, Yasuhiko, Yoshihara, Masaharu, Sumii, Koji, Kajiyama, Goro, and Watanabe, Hiromitsu

Subjects
ISLANDS of Langerhans tumors, IRRADIATION, PANCREATIC tumors
Abstract

Abstract Background and Aims: There has been no suitable animal model for human insulinoma because incidence of pancreatic tumours induced by whole-body irradiation or chemicals has been very low. The purpose of this study was to establish an experimental model with a high incidence of insulinoma. The induction of islet cell tumour by X-irradiation was investigated. Methods: Forty Sprague–Dawley male rats were used in this study. Twenty-eight rats were irradiated with two 10-Gy doses to the gastric region at a 3-day interval, and 12 rats not subjected to X-irradiation served as a control group. The rats were killed 16 months after the first irradiation. Expression of insulin mRNA and protein was examined by northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Rat serum insulin and glucose levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Tumour incidence was 89.3% (25/28) in X-ray group and 8.3% (1/12) in the control group (P < 0.05). Pancreatic tumours, which appeared in all 25 rats with tumours, showed the highest incidence of all neoplasms detected. Tumour cells showed strong immunoreactivity for insulin in 20 of 25 pancreatic tumours (80%). Expression of insulin mRNA was confirmed by northern blot analysis. Furthermore, rats with pancreatic tumours had lower serum glucose levels and higher insulin levels than the control rats. Conclusion: X-irradiated SD rats may be considered a suitable model for insulinoma because of their high tumorigenicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

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