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Integrating internationalized songs into English language teaching has emerged as a dynamic strategy to ignite students' interest and enhance their language proficiency. This article comprehensively explores internationalized songs' significance in language education. A central focus lies on a detailed case study that demonstrates how the expertise of a Turkish musician was leveraged to select and that of field experts to translate and refine a local children's song for educational purposes. The study meticulously details the collaborative efforts among educators to tailor the song's content to meet language learning objectives, highlighting the transformative potential of such initiatives in the English language classroom. By immersing themselves in this practical example, educators can gain invaluable insights into the versatility of internationalized songs as effective tools for language instruction, thereby enhancing their teaching practices. Furthermore, the article underscores the importance of incorporating cultural elements into language teaching materials to foster intercultural competence among students. Educators can create immersive learning experiences that promote linguistic proficiency, cultural awareness, and appreciation by integrating internationalised songs.

This study aims to examine the impact on environmental attitudes and awareness of kindergarten pupils of an intensive education programme based on basic science process skills including the 'reduce, reuse and recycle (3Rs)' paradigm for preschool children. A quasi-experimental pattern with non-equivalent pretest-posttest and with a control group was used. The study was carried out with kindergarten pupils a district located in the Aegean region. The study was conducted with a total of 38 children in four classes, two of them in the experimental group and the remaining two in the control group due to the pandemic conditions. The "Environmental Awareness and Attitude Scale for Preschool Children" was utilised in the study. According to the results obtained in the study, there is a significant difference between the mean scores of the pretest and posttest of the experimental group. In addition, it was found that the mean of posttest scores of the experimental group was significantly higher than the mean of posttest scores of the control group.

Many factors affect a teacher's classroom behavior. What these effects depend on, where they come from, and how they affect the teacher are closely related to the teacher's personal characteristics. This mixed-method descriptive case study aimed to examine the classroom behaviors of twelve Turkish EFL pre-service teachers at a Western state university and to understand their thoughts about what the classroom discourse moves that they use depend on. With this aim, the classroom behaviors of EFL preservice teachers were examined through observation and interviews, complementary to each other. The frequencies of selected classroom discourse moves, which are "eliciting, extending, facilitating, clarifying, supporting, and omitting" were observed, and the most frequently used moves were revealed. The pre-service teachers' opinions evident in their extracts from interviews pointed out the effect of personal and social factors on their behaviors in the classroom and their views on the classroom discourse moves. As a result of the research study, it was found that the pre-service teachers frequently used the facilitating and clarifying discourse moves, and the factor that most affected them was their prior teachers and university education.

Group metacognition involves a collective understanding of cognitive processes and collaborative problem-solving mechanisms within a group. This study, conducted through a systematic review of 54 studies, aims to present the evolutionary trajectory of research on group metacognition in (predominantly) online and face-to-face learning environments. It explores the definitional shifts, methodological trends, and potential connections between the quality of collaboration and studies on group metacognition in online learning environments. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used to report the study's results. In investigating determinants influencing group metacognition, the research examined the distribution of effective variables such as group size, composition, task complexity, and time constraints. This systematic review provides an overview of the evolutionary path for definitions of the group metacognition concept, accumulated methodological approaches, and key insights into studies that may be associated with group metacognition. Thus, it underscores the importance of customized interventions that appropriately consider variables that could affect group metacognition effectively.

This research explores how metacognitive strategies influence the metacognitive awareness of undergraduate students enrolled in an online flipped programming course. It specifically focuses on regulatory actions crucial for success in programming instruction and distance education settings. The primary objective is to contribute to the existing literature by investigating the implementation of online flipped programming courses that integrate metacognitive-oriented approaches to support students' metacognitive regulatory actions. The study employed an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. A total of 29 university students enrolled in programming courses participated in the study, engaging with instructional videos provided before each 10-week lesson. They were administered the Metacognitive Awareness Scale and supplementary forms designed to assess their metacognitive awareness and regulatory actions. A detailed coding scheme was developed to analyze students' metacognitive regulation activities during programming lessons. The study also evaluated the impact of supportive activities on students' metacognitive awareness. While no statistically significant difference was found in the students' metacognitive awareness through quantitative analysis, qualitative data revealed that activities supporting metacognition significantly enhanced students' comprehension of the programming content.

Families with children with autism face many sociological, psychological, socio-psychological, economic, and educational problems, especially trauma. Families living in a very fragile affect complain about the society's point of view towards them and that these perspectives cannot be explained correctly by many branches of science and art, especially literature. However, every right and appropriate step taken is very important to them, and they become unhappy and hopeless when faced with a contrary situation. Autism has been the subject of numerous films. Some of them have had a great impact, while others have disappeared into popular culture. When it comes to the relationship between music and cinema, as much as the scenario, the actors and the characters they reflect, it is also important whether the verbal or non-verbal music reflects the problem to be told. Especially the lyrics have a different meaning and importance. In film analysis, it is emphasized what the film tells, how and why? How does the film present itself and does this presentation match the problem to be told, but it can only be answered with a serious film analysis. One of the main questions of this research is whether the movie "Music", which has turned into a very colourful, visual feast, and most importantly, was shown in the cinemas with the claim that it reflects autism, could really cure those who are suffering. In the study, sociology, perception, autism, aesthetics, criticism, film analysis, cinema and music were mentioned, and the film "music" was tried to be analyzed sociologically and semiotically. The data in the study were obtained from the members of the "Autism and Music Society", who came together for the first time in our country, through a structured interview form from families whose children have autism and who want to participate in the study voluntarily. Content analysis technique was also used in the study based on qualitative, descriptive, scanning model. It is thought that the study will be a source for related research, is original and will contribute to the field. [The publication year (2022) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct publication year is 2023.]

Today, only people, who truly understand what scientific knowledge is and how it is obtained, are considered scientifically literate. This understanding expected in today's scientific areas is called the nature of science (NOS). This study aimed to determine the perceptions of high school students and their parents regarding NOS. In addition, the changes in high school students' and their parents' perceptions of NOS according to various variables were examined. The data of the research were collected in the second semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. The research involves students and their parents studying in high schools in Konya, a Central Anatolian province of Turkey. The sample group of the research consists of 428 high school students and 428 of their parents. "NOS Questionnaire as Argumentation (NSAAQ)" developed by Sampson and Clark (2006) and translated into Turkish by Çetin et al. (2010) was used. As the results showed, students' perceptions of NOS did not differ significantly according to gender, grade level, place of residence, and average monthly income of the family. Only in the first dimension (How do you define scientific knowledge?) was there a significant difference between parents in favor of men. However, this difference had a low effect size. On the other hand, the fact that parents with higher education had average score and the existence of a significant linear correlation between NOS perceptions of students and their parents were two noteworthy findings. From this perspective, it can be said that today's formal education process in Turkey has significant deficiencies in terms of a more advanced understanding of NOS. In summary, it is clear that the desired development has not been achieved in the perceptions of high school students regarding NOS in formal education in Turkey.

The main purpose of this study is to determine what teachers and academicians think about the process of designing and implementing science activities in informal settings and make suggestions as to how to teach more effectively in them. This study is a cross-sectional survey study and divided the teachers constituting the sample group into subgroups (sections), namely, those who had received training in teaching science in informal settings and those who had not. The current opinions of the academicians were also included in the research. A total of 338 people -- 304 science teachers and 34 academicians -- participated in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect the data for the research. When the research findings were examined, it was seen that neither teachers nor academicians have the desired levels of knowledge about planning and implementing science-teaching activities in informal settings. The fact that teachers do not have sufficient information on this subject can be interpreted as a reflection of the inadequacy of academicians and government instructors who train and support teachers.

Abstract Background Arachnoid cysts are extra parenchymal, intra-arachnoid fluid collections of unknown origin, similar in content to cerebrospinal fluid. Suprasellar arachnoid cysts are a rarer localization resulting from abnormalities of the Liliequist membrane or cystic dilatation of the interpeduncular cisterna. We aimed to contribute to the literature by presenting a series of suprasellar arachnoid cyst cases with endoscopic intervention and long-term results. Methods This study analyzed radiographic data, clinical symptoms, surgical records, and videos of giant arachnoid cysts that underwent endoscopic surgery between 2013 and 2023. Cyst volumes and Evan’s indexes were calculated both preoperatively and postoperatively. Results The patient population consisted of 3 males (21.4%, 3/14 patients) and 11 females (78.5%, 11/14 patients). Their age at the time of surgery ranged from 1 year to 56 years (mean: 14.4 years). Of the total 14 patients, 4 (28.5%, 4/14 patients) were adults (age ≥ 18 years), and 10 (71.4%, 10/14 patients) were pediatric (age

Lale Türkmen Medical Laboratory Department, Vocational School of Health Services, Gazi University, Ankara, TurkeyCorrespondence: Lale Türkmen, Medical Laboratory Department, Vocational School of Health Services, Gazi University, Bahçelievler District, Gölbaşı Campus, No: 10, Ankara, Turkey, Tel +90 0532 625 19 63, Email lturkmen@gazi.edu.trPurpose: A lack of confidence in vaccination is a threat to public health and undermines vaccine uptake at national and global levels. Unfortunately, COVID-19 vaccine confidence among Turkish young adults is poorly known. This study aims to understand COVID-19 vaccine confidence among Turkish young adults aged 18– 29 and the barriers to and facilitators of vaccine uptake.Methods: The present research is a cross-sectional study. Survey data were collected in May and June 2022 (n = 1066) during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Results were expressed in frequencies and percentages for dichotomous variables and mean with standard deviation for continuous variables. To assess COVID-19 vaccine confidence based on selected sociodemographic characteristics, a one-way ANOVA analysis and an independent-sample t-test were used.Results: Almost half of the sample (43.9%) underestimated the risk of contracting COVID-19 disease. 65.9% of participants believed that getting vaccinated against COVID-19 was important, while 47.8% thought the vaccine was safe and not dangerous or harmful. Concerns about vaccine effectiveness (58.3%) were the primary reported reason for vaccination. The percentage of participants who reported barriers to vaccine access was generally low (8.7%). Importantly, 63.9% believed getting vaccinated is their responsibility to their community. 33.8% of participants reported encountering inaccurate, misleading, and unfavorable information about COVID-19 vaccines, while 22.9% said they were unsure.Conclusion: Addressing concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy, emphasizing the role of vaccination in societal benefits, ensuring easy access to vaccines, and providing access to up-to-date and accurate information from reliable sources might help increase coverage among young adults. Perhaps the most crucial advice is to instill the correct comprehension of vaccination and make lifelong vaccination a reality before individuals develop false beliefs that are challenging to rectify.Keywords: COVID-19, vaccine confidence, decision-making, socio-cultural factors, young adults

Abstract Background Considering the low rate of qualitative studies on athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), aiming to access in-depth data, we thought that the utilization of the qualitative method would allow us to collect the appropriate and sufficient data to yield novel findings and achieve sound conclusions. The study’s aim was to investigate anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury experience processes in athletes who had undergone isolated ACLR, reveal the clinically related milestones, and highlight the necessary gaps. Methods Semi-structured interview techniques, in-depth follow-up questions, and thematic analysis were used to explore the experiences of participants with isolated ACL injuries 1–3 years after surgical treatment. The study was conducted in the Orthopaedics and Traumatology outpatient clinic of the Adana City Training and Research Hospital and included 14 male athletes who had undergone isolated primary ACLR. The study group’s demographic and qualitative data were collected in the first week of September 2023. The member checking process was completed in the third following week. A thematic analysis checklist was used to ensure the reliability of the thematic analysis. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting of Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines were followed. Results The experiences of 14 patients (22.78 ± 3.76 years, all males) were summarized into four themes that emerged from the data analysis process: ‘The Distinctions in the Participants’ Experiences Regarding the Moment of Injury,’ ‘Gathering Information about the ACL Injury,’ ‘Factors That Facilitate The Treatment Process and Reinforce Positive Experiences,’ and ‘Desperate Plight: Main Points of Patients’ Negative Experiences.’ Based on the main themes, there were 14 subthemes. Conclusions Our study revealed that varying perceptions of ACL injury presented by the participants, which were caused by all stakeholders, including themselves, the professional environment, family members, social network, and the healthcare staff, showed that the physical and psychological impacts of the injury were observed in different severity levels at each stage of the process. We believe that an extensive guide for athletes with ACL injuries that includes all components of well-being and displays the required details for the sports club/coach, family/companion, and physician.

With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques, attitudes towards these two fields have begun to gain importance in different professions. One of the affected professions is undoubtedly the teaching profession. Increasing the levels of concern for artificial intelligence and attitudes towards machine learning has become important in order to adapt to potential technologies that will be used. The purpose of this study is to examine the anxiety related to AI and the attitudes towards ML among teacher candidates of different ages, genders, and fields. This study investigates the relationships between sub-dimensions of anxiety towards artificial intelligence and attitudes towards machine learning, as well as to identify differences in these sub-dimensions among gender, age, and department. The findings suggest that although teacher candidates from different disciplines, ages, and genders do not have any concerns regarding learning about artificial intelligence, they do express anxiety about the impact of artificial intelligence on employment rates and social life. The results of this study can be beneficial for developing instructional programs that focus on AI in the long run, considering factors such as age, personal experience, gender, and field-specific elements.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression and the factors that influence postpartum depression in Turkish and Syrian refugee mothers. Methods: The participants were administered the Personal Information Form and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in the 6th week of the postpartum period. While the number of Turkish mothers participating in the study was 66, the number of Syrian mothers was 71. The study was conducted in Çubuk Halil Şıvgın State Hospital in 2022. Results: The postpartum depression prevalence was found to be 16.7% in Turkish mothers and 0% in Syrian mothers. Turkish mothers’ postpartum depression mean score was found to increase due to factors such as being exposed to social violence by the spouse, having had an abortion before, having had a stillbirth before, living in a nuclear family, losing a child before, having an acute social problem in the postpartum period, having full-term delivery, and being primipara. Syrian mothers’ postpartum depression mean score (p < .05) was found to increase due to factors such as having had an abortion before, experiencing problems during pregnancy, experiencing an acute social problem in the postpartum period, being primigravida, and losing a child before. Conclusion: The postpartum depression rate was found to be 2.29 times higher in Turkish mothers compared to Syrian mothers.

As part of our detailed study of the Caucasian mayfly fauna, we describe Epeorus (Caucasiron) abditus sp. nov., a new species of the genus Epeorus Eaton, 1881, subgenus Caucasiron Kluge, 1997, based on larvae collected in Türkiye, Georgia, and Russia. We use several methodological approaches to delimit the new species by analysing COI sequence data and larval morphology. We provide a comparison with related taxa and diagnostic characters allowing determination of the larvae. We also update the identification key for the Caucasian species of E. (Caucasiron) with E. (C.) abditus sp. nov. and two recently described species, E. (C.) hyrcanicus Hrivniak & Sroka, 2021 and E. (C.) tripertitus Hrivniak & Sroka, 2022.

Abstract Background We evaluated the efficacy of different immunosuppressive regimens in patients with primary membranous nephropathy in a large national cohort. Methods In this registry study, 558 patients from 47 centers who were treated with at least one immunosuppressive agent and had adequate follow-up data were included. Primary outcome was defined as complete (CR) or partial remission (PR). Secondary composite outcome was at least a 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR), initiation of kidney replacement therapies, development of stage 5 chronic kidney disease, or death. Results Median age at diagnosis was 48 (IQR: 37–57) years, and 358 (64.2%) were male. Patients were followed for a median of 24 (IQR: 12–60) months. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) with or without glucocorticoids were the most commonly used regimen (43.4%), followed by glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide (GC-CYC) (39.6%), glucocorticoid monotherapy (25.8%), and rituximab (RTX) (9.1%). Overall remission rate was 66.1% (CR 26.7%, PR 39.4%), and 59 (10.6%) patients reached secondary composite outcome. Multivariate logistic regression showed that baseline eGFR (OR 1.011, 95% CI: 1.003–1.019, p = 0.007), serum albumin (OR 1.682, 95% CI: 1.269–2.231, p

Objective: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) accounts for 3.5% of all congenital heart diseases in children. The clinical manifestations range from heart failure to asymptomatic hypertension. Treatment options include surgical repair, balloon angioplasty, and stenting. We aimed to investigate the long-term results of surgery and balloon angioplasty to identify the possible risk factors for recoarctation and predictors associated with early success in treatment modalities. Materials and Methods: The data of 138 children who underwent examinations at a tertiary center between 2015 and 2020 with the diagnosis of CoA were evaluated. The basic demographic characteristics, clinical and echocardiographic findings, results, and treatment methods of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The mean follow-up period was 75.1 months (range of 1-223). As initial treatment, 75 patients (60.5%) underwent balloon angioplasty, 44 (35.5%) underwent surgery, and 5 (4%) underwent stenting. The early success rate of balloon angioplasty and surgery was 72.5% and 79.5%, respectively. Recoarctation occurred in 47.6% of patients following the first therapy. The median reintervention-free survival time was 138 months for all patients and was significantly higher in the surgery group (P = .025). The recoarctation rate was slightly lower in the surgery group than in those who underwent balloon angioplasty, but it was not statistically significant. None of the clinical and echocardiographic findings were found to be associated with recoarctation or early success. Conclusion: The rate of recoarctation is still high in long-term follow-up after aortic coarctation treatment, and clinical and echocardiographic findings are insufficient to predict the chance of early success and the risk of recoarctation.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of patients with large posterosuperior rotator cuff tears between those with intact rotator cables (crescent-shaped tears) and those with repaired rotator cables (U-, V-, or L-shaped tears). Methods: Eighty-two patients with a mean age of 64.05 ± 9.06 years who underwent arthroscopic repair due to large posterosuperior rotator cuff tears were evaluated with a follow-up period of 32 ± 5.9 months. Forty-two patients with an intact rotator cable and 40 patients with a repaired rotator cable (rotator cable restored with tendon-tendon sutures) were evaluated regarding preoperative and postoperative pain and functional outcomes. Results: There was no significant difference in the constant score between the rotator cable repaired and the intact group (P=.22). However, when the sub-dimensions of the Constant score were compared separately, the forward flexion was significantly higher in the group with the intact rotator cable (P=.002). When the postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores were compared, lower scores were observed in the group with the repaired rotator cable (P < .001). Conclusion: In large posterosuperior rotator cuff tears, patients with a repaired rotator cables experienced more significant pain relief compared to those with intact rotator cables, although their forward flexion was lower. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the tear type and the rotator cable condition in large posterosuperior rotator cuff tears may help predict postoperative pain and functional outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level III case-control study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of the imaging-guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) procedure in infants. METHODS: A total of 75 (50 boys; 66.7%) patients with a mean age of 121 days (range, 1–351 days) who underwent PCN over a period of 20 years were included in this retrospective study. For each patient, PCN indications, catheter size, the mean duration of catheterization, complications, and the procedure performed following nephrostomy were recorded. Technical success was determined based on the successful placement of the nephrostomy catheter within the pelvicalyceal system. Clinical success was defined as the complete resolution of hydronephrosis and improvement in renal function tests during follow-up. In patients with urinary leakage, technical and clinical success was determined based on the resolution of leakage. RESULTS: The technical success rate was 100%, and no procedure-related mortality was observed. In 11 patients (14.7%), bilateral PCN was performed. The most frequent indication of PCN was ureteropelvic junction obstruction (n = 41, 54.7%). Procedure-related major complications were encountered in two patients (methemoglobinemia and respiratory arrest caused by the local anesthetic agent in one patient and the development of urinoma caused by urinary leakage from the puncture site in the other). Mild urinary leakage was the only minor complication that occurred and only in one patient. Catheter-related complications were managed through replacement or revision surgery in 16 patients (21.3%). CONCLUSION: Imaging-guided PCN is a feasible and effective procedure with high technical success and low major complication rates, and it is useful for protecting kidney function in infants.

Fibroepithelial polyps are rare, benign, non-epithelial tumors of the urinary system. They can occur throughout the entire urinary system, including the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, and urethra, which are lined with urothelium. These polyps originate from the stromal structure, formed by the combination of mesodermal and urothelial cells. The most common clinical complaint of patients with fibroepithelial polyps is unilateral flank pain. In some cases, this pain may be accompanied by hematuria, dysuria, and pollakiuria, which are irritative lower urinary tract symptoms. In this case report, a case of a giant ureteral fibroepithelial polyp in a patient who was admitted to our clinic with macroscopic hematuria and left flank pain was presented. Following the diagnosis of a giant polyp in the left ureter, we treated the patient with endoscopic ablation using a Holmium-YAG laser device under ureteroscopy guidance.

Molecularly imprinted polymers inspired by antigen-antibody interactions have received substantial interest as a biomimetic artificial receptor system in environmental applications. Herein, we present a molecularly imprinted surface plasmon resonance sensor integrated with gold nanoparticles for the identification of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical. We synthesized BPA-imprinted nanofilm consisting of amino acid-based functional monomers to selectively detect BPA from synthetic wastewater samples. BPA-spiked synthetic wastewater samples were analyzed to ensure the method's reliability and feasibility. Under ideal conditions, the suggested approach performed well in terms of analytical performance to bisphenol A, with a wide linear range of 0.1 to 10 µg/L and LOD of 10 ng/L. The sensor results align well with the Langmuir adsorption model. It has also been shown that repeated use of the sensor can be achieved. According to selectivity studies, bisphenol A adsorbed within the imprinted cavities favorably compared to 4-nitrophenol and phenol. The produced bisphenol A-imprinted surface plasmon resonance sensor provides improved sensitivity based on the signal amplification strategy, unconjugated sensing without the need for labelling, real-time sensing, low sample consumption rates, quantifiable assessment, and outstanding kinetic rate constant calculation in actual samples. Also, because the produced sensor is reusable with relative standard deviations (RSD)

Abstract The primary role of the parathyroid glands is to maintain calcium homeostasis through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The limited proliferative capacity and differentiation of parathyroid cells hinder the generation of cell therapy options. In this study, parathyroid organoids are successfully generated from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). At the end of the 20 days of differentiation, the parathyroid organoids exhibited distinct parathyroid morphology. Stereomicroscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrated the 3D arrangement of the cell layers in which intracellular structures of parathyroid cells resemble human parathyroid cellular morphology. Comprehensive molecular analyses, including RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), confirmed the expression of key parathyroid‐related markers. Protein expression of CasR, CxCr4, Gcm2, and PTH are observed in parathyroid organoids. Parathyroid organoids secrete PTH, demonstrate active intercellular calcium signaling, and induce osteogenic differentiation via their secretome. The tissue integration potential of parathyroid organoids is determined by transplantation into parathyroidectomized rats. The organoid transplanted animals showed significant elevations in PTH‐related markers (CasR, CxCr4, Foxn1, Gcm2, and PTH). PTH secretion is detected in organoid‐transplanted animals. The findings represent a significant advancement in parathyroid organoid culture and may offer a cellular therapy for treating PTH‐related diseases, including hypoparathyroidism.

This study examines what science teachers think about Sustainable Development and its' Goals, how they integrate SDGs into their science lessons, and how the COVID-19 pandemic affects their thoughts about Sustainable Development. The study group was selected by convenience sampling from 51 middle schools in the central district of one of the big cities. The questionnaire, including five open-ended questions, was prepared and checked by two experts. After their feedback, it was re-corrected and then applied to the participants. It was conducted using the "Google Forms" application. Then, it was delivered to 165 teachers' e-mail accounts. Answering the questionnaire takes approximately 10-15 minutes for each participant. One hundred five teachers answered the questionnaire. The content analysis method was used to analyze data. The results showed that teachers mainly described Sustainable Development with the goal of "Responsible Consumption and Production", "Decent Work and Economic Growth", and "Quality Education". Half of the teachers are still trying to integrate SD using traditional science subjects strategies. And generally focused on science subjects of matter cycles, environmental problems, biodiversity, fuels, and domestic waste and recycling. In this process, their problems are usually intense curriculum, insufficient time, and attitudes of school administration.

The mesk method, which is included in the Classical Turkish Music tradition, which is an important heritage of Turkish culture, has always had a very important place in the process until the adoption and spread of the use of notes. Performance features, which are effective in the formation of performance, were shaped and developed through mesk and differed in the direction of each performer's assimilation and creation of works. Today, the importance of mesk is still mentioned, and every performer accepts the use of notes only as a tool that guides them. In this sense, the performer tries to create their own characteristic performance features and technique by going beyond the note of the work. In this study, it is aimed to determine the characteristic performance features of Lale and Nerkis Hanimlar, students of Udi Nevres Bey, who are among the first female vocal performers whose voices were recorded on gramophone records and who represent a period when sound recording technologies started to develop. The research is important in terms of revealing their artistic aspects and not doing enough studies on their performance features. In the research in which document analysis was used, the work of Hammamizade Ismail Dede Efendi named "Bi vefâ bir çesm-i bidâd" performed by Lale and Nerkis Hanimlar constitutes the sample of the research. In the research carried out in accordance with the qualitative research design, the work, which was notated as Lale and Nerkis Hanimlar performed, was analysed by comparing it with the note sample in the TRT (Turkish Radio and Television) repertoire, and as a result of this analysis, the ornamental elements and expression nuances used during the performance were revealed.

One of the most important names in the history of classical music is the Flemish-born German composer and pianist Ludwig van Beethoven. Op.57 No.23 "Appassionata", composed by the composer, one of the Viennese classics, in the second period of his musical life, which was divided into three, is a magnificent work that takes a different place in piano literature. This study, it is aimed to reveal the similarities and differences of the teaching approaches towards this sonata with the masterclass study conducted by three expert piano educators who have been trained in different schools and schools with a piano student who received proficiency in the art. In line with this purpose, the verbal and nonverbal behaviors of the experts in general, similar, and different aspects in terms of teaching the work, styles-technical, etc. approaches motivation of the student, relieving anxiety and stress, verbal and non-verbal behaviors towards the composer, the piece, the period, the interpretation of the work and the use of time. It was tried to observe their approach towards the subject and other behaviors that they paid attention to during the Masterclass. In the qualitative and descriptive study, the data were collected according to the observation and content analysis technique and analyzed according to the qualitative research methods. It is thought that the study is important and original in terms of revealing the different approaches of expert piano educators in teaching the piece, and examining these differences, in terms of contributing to a pianist's thoughts about the piece and enabling them to synthesize, and it will be a source for similar studies.