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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common disease of the endocrine system faced by doctors of all specialties, and it is characterized by high disability and mortality of patients due to micro- and macrovascular complications caused primarily by chronic hyperglycemia. Achieving glycemic targets improves the course of DM and disease prognosis with respect to the development of complications. A priority area in the treatment of DM is patient education and self-monitoring of glycemia using modern glucose measuring tools, including the Contour Plus One glucometer.

The diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most frequent urgent condition in patients with diabetes mellitus which requires hospitalization and results to mortality. The most common causes of DKA are the presence of concomitant diseases in diabetic patients, as well as the violation of the insulin therapy regimen. With the appearance of hypoglycemic drugs from the group of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors (iSGLT2), isolated cases of DKA associated with their intake began to be recorded. This article describes 4 cases of ketoacidosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and type 1 diabetes mellitus taking dapagliflozin which is a hypoglycemic drug from the group of inhibitors of the sodium-glucose co-transporter.

At the moment, lactate-acidosis coma in patients with diabetes mellitus is considered a rare and extremely urgent condition that occurs in patients with concomitant diseases as well as when taking the most widely used sugar reducing drug – metformin. This article describes a case of lactate-acidosis coma with a fatal outcome, which occurred against the background of taking metformin and alcohol abuse, in a woman with type 2 dia-betes mellitus aged 48 years.