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13. Grad's Distribution Function for 13 Moments based Moment Gas Kinetic Solver for Steady and Unsteady Rarefied flows: Discrete and Explicit Forms

Author

Liu, W., Liu, Z. J., Zhang, Z. L., Teo, C. J., and Shu, C.

Subjects
Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph), Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Efficient modeling of rarefied flow has drawn widespread interest for practical engineering applications. In the present work, we proposed the Grad's distribution function for 13 moments-based moment gas kinetic solver (G13-MGKS) and the macroscopic governing equations are derived based on the moment integral of discrete Boltzmann equation in the finite volume framework. Numerical fluxes at the cell interface related to the macroscopic variables, stress and heat flux can be reconstructed from the Boltzmann integration equation at surrounding points of the cell interface directly, so the complicated partial differential equations with tedious implementation of boundary conditions in the moment method can be avoided. Meanwhile, the explicit expression of numerical fluxes is proposed, which could release the present solver the from the discretization and numerical summation in molecular velocity space. To evaluate the Grad's distribution function for 13 moments in the present framework, the G13-MGKS with the discrete and explicit form of numerical fluxes are examined by several test cases covering the steady and unsteady rarefied flows. Numerical results indicate that the G13-MGKS could simulate continuum flows accurately and present reasonable prediction for rarefied flows at moderate Knudsen number. Moreover, the tests of computations and memory costs demonstrate that the present framework could preserve the highly efficient feature.

Published
2022

14. Contamination of the central medical air supply with water leading to mass ventilator failure.

Author

Chia, J. J. X., Goh, M. H., Goh, M. M., Teo, C. W. S., Tan, K. H., Sewa, D. W., and Ng, H. F.

Subjects
MEDICAL equipment reliability, ANESTHESIA equipment, INTENSIVE care units, OPERATING rooms, GASES, MECHANICAL ventilators, MEDICAL equipment contamination, WATER, EMERGENCY management, ROOT cause analysis
Abstract

Summary: Here, we present a case of mass ventilator failure due to contaminated medical air. Multiple ventilators failed routine tests, including almost all of the ventilators in our intensive care unit. A faulty air compressor had led to water contamination of our centre's supply of medical air. Water entered the pipeline supply of air and, hence the ventilators and anaesthetic machines. The disruption of the machines' proportional mixer valve resulted in unreliable delivery of fresh gas flow. This malfunction was discovered during routine pre‐use checks, and backup ventilators were available to replace the faulty ventilators. A shortage of equipment was averted due to a serendipitous availability of ventilator stockpiles prepared for the COVID‐19 pandemic. Ventilator shortages are commonly described in mass casualty and pandemic scenarios. While there are multiple strategies described in literature to augment and maximise equipment available for mechanical ventilation, stockpiling equipment remains an expensive but necessary component of disaster contingency planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Multiple Human Herpesvirus-8 Infection

Author

Beyari, Mohammed M., Hodgson, T. A., Cook, R. D., Kondowe, W., Molyneux, E. M., Scully, C. M., Teo, C. G., and Porter, S. R.

Published
2003

25. Accuracy of Perceptions of Hepatitis B and C Status

Author

Ramsay, M. E., Balogun, M. A., Teo, C. G., Mortimer, P. P., Judd, Ali, Stimson, Gerry V., Hickman, Matthew, MacLeod, John, Suckling, Rupert, Perrett, Kevin, McKendrick, Mike, Best, David, Noble, Alison, Finch, Emily, Gossop, Michael, Sidwell, Clare, and Strang, John

Published
2000

44. Finite-element analysis for lumbar interbody fusion under axial loading

Author

Lee, K.K., Teo, C., Fuss, F.K., Vanneuville, V., Qiu, T.X., Ng, H.W., Yang, K., and Sabitzer, R.J.

Subjects
Biomedical engineering -- Research, Biological sciences, Business, Computers, Health care industry
Abstract

A parametric study was conducted to evaluate axial stiffness of the interbody fusion, compressive stress, and bulging in the endplate due to changes in the spacer position with/without fusion bone using an anatomically accurate and validated L2-L3 finite-element model exercised under physiological axial compression. The results show that the spacer plays an important role in initial stability for fusion, and high compressive force is predicted at the ventral endplate for the models with the spacer and fusion bone together. By varying the positioning of the spacer anteriorly along anteroposterior axis, no significant change in terms of axial stiffness, compressive stress, and bulging of the endplate are predicted for the implant model. The findings suggest that varying the spacer position in surgical situations does not affect the mechanical behavior of the lumbar spine after interbody fusion. Index Terms--Finite-element method, fusion bone, interbody spacer, lumbar spine.

Published
2004

46. A simple hydrodynamic-particle method for supersonic rarefied flows.

Author

Liu, W., Shu, C., Teo, C. J., Yuan, Z. Y., Liu, Y. Y., and Zhang, Z. L.

Subjects
SUPERSONIC flow, COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics, ULTRASONIC waves, BOLTZMANN'S equation, SHOCK waves
Abstract

In the practical aerospace industry, the supersonic rarefied effect presents multiscale characteristics from the near-continuum regime to the free molecular regime. In this paper, a simple hydrodynamic-particle method (SHPM) is proposed to efficiently capture the multiscale properties for the supersonic rarefied flow. To combine the conventional computational fluid dynamics solver with the particle-based method, the weights are theoretically derived from the integral solution of the Boltzmann Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook equation. The present numerical method is validated by test cases of supersonic shock wave structure, Sod shock-tube, and supersonic flow around the circular cylinder. Numerical results demonstrate that the SHPM could capture the multiscale properties from the continuum regime to the rarefied regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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