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16. Enhancement of piezoelectric energy harvesting for flexural waves by a metasurface-assisted phononic cavity

Author

Kai Wang, Xiao-Shuang Li, Lu Cao, Pengyu Guo, Guangteng Fan, Jiangyi Qin, and Tian-Xue Ma

Subjects
Metamaterial, Metasurface, Phononic crystal, Flexural wave, Piezoelectric energy harvesting, Cavity mode, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Piezoelectric energy harvesting of mechanical waves exhibits great potential applications in electricity generation for low-powered electronic devices. In this work, the metasurface-assisted phononic cavity is proposed for the enhancement of piezoelectric energy harvesting of elastic flexural waves. By employing the two-dimensional plate-type metamaterial, we construct a phononic cavity that possesses the ability to localize and amplify the flexural waves. On the other hand, for the purpose of flexural wave focusing, a sparse metasurface is inversely designed based on the interference theory through the particle swarm optimization algorithm. For collaborative wave manipulation, the sparse metasurface is set in front of the phononic cavity. Additionally, piezoelectric patches are attached within the phononic cavities. The wave characteristics of the metasurface-assisted phononic cavity are studied by using the finite element method. For comparison, a conventional phononic cavity (i.e., cavity without metasurface) and a reference bare plate are also considered. Due to the wavefront control ability of the metasurface, more flexural waves are guided into the phononic cavity region. Thus, compared with the reference plate, the power amplification ratios of the metasurface-assisted cavity and the conventional cavity are 102 and 7, respectively. The electrical outputs of the phononic cavity are remarkably boosted by the assistance of the sparse metasurface.

Published
2024
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17. Differential effect of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel by homocysteine levels on risk of recurrent stroke: a post hoc analysis of the CHANCE-2 trial

Author

Wang, Anxin, Tian, Xue, Xie, Xuewei, Li, Hao, Bath, Philip M., Jing, Jing, Lin, Jinxi, Wang, Yilong, Zhao, Xingquan, Li, Zixiao, Liu, Liping, Wang, Yongjun, and Meng, Xia

Subjects
Stroke (Disease) -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors -- Drug therapy, Diseases -- Relapse, Ticagrelor -- Dosage and administration -- Comparative analysis, Clopidogrel -- Dosage and administration -- Comparative analysis, Homocysteine -- Measurement -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Background: Elevated homocysteine levels are associated with increased blood coagulation and platelet activity and may modulate the response to antiplatelet therapies. We aimed to investigate the effects of homocysteine levels on the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor-acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) versus clopidogrel-ASA among patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack who carried CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles. Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the CHANCE-2 (The Clopidogrel in High-risk Patients with Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events-II) trial. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment with ticagrelorASA or clopidogrel-ASA. We categorized participants into groups with elevated and non-elevated homocysteine levels, based on the median level. The primary efficacy outcome was recurrent stroke within 90-day follow-up. The primary safety outcome was severe or moderate bleeding within 90 days. Results: A total of 2740 participants were randomly assigned to receive ticagrelor-ASA and 2700 to receive clopidogrel-ASA. Use of ticagrelor-ASA was associated with a reduced risk of recurrent stroke among participants with elevated homocysteine levels (74 [5.3%] v. 119 [8.5%]; hazard ratio [HR] 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.450.81), but not among those with nonelevated levels (86 [6.4%] v. 87 [6.7%]; HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.71-1.32; p = 0.04 for interaction). When analyzed as a continuous variable, the benefits of ticagrelor-ASA with regard to recurrent stroke increased as homocysteine levels increased (p = 0.04 for interaction). No significant interaction between homocysteine levels and treatment with regard to severe or moderate bleeding was observed (p = 0.7 for interaction). We found a significant interaction between homocysteine levels and therapy with regard to recurrent stroke in females (p = 0.04 for interaction) but not males. Interpretation: In comparison with clopidogrel-ASA, ticagrelor-ASA conferred more benefit to patients with elevated homocysteine levels, particularly to female patients, in this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial involving patients with minor ischemic stroke or TIA. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT04078737, Minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) are common disorders with a high rate of subsequent disabling stroke. (1) Several trials have shown the benefit of dual antiplatelet therapy [...]

Published
2024
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37. Nebulized platelet-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate chronic cigarette smoke-induced murine emphysema

Author

Xuan, Weixia, Wang, Shaohua, Alarcon-Calderon, Amarilys, Bagwell, Monique Simone, Para, Rachel, Wang, Faping, Zhang, Chujie, Tian, Xue, Stalboerger, Paul, Peterson, Timothy, Sabbah, Michael S., Du, Zeji, Sarrafian, Tiffany, Mahlberg, Ryan, Hillestad, Matthew L., Rizzo, Skylar A., Paradise, Christopher R., Behfar, Atta, and Vassallo, Robert

Published
2024
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49. The psychometric properties of the revised ego resiliency scale (ER89-R) in Chinese college students

Author

Chen, Wei, Gao, Rongfen, Yang, Tao, Tian, Xue, Zhang, Guyin, and Luo, Jie

Subjects
College students -- Psychological aspects -- Testing, Ego (Psychology) -- Evaluation, Resilience (Personality trait) -- Evaluation, Psychological tests -- Evaluation, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Ego resiliency has been considered to be a vital element for psychological health. The Revised Ego Resiliency Scale (ER89-R) is an efficient instrument of ego-resiliency with promising psychometrics. However, the psychometric properties of the scale in Chinese college students are still unclear. This study was to test the psychometric properties of the ER89-R in a sample of 678 university students in Mainland China (mean age = 20.16, SD =1.69, 68.30% female). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a first-order two-factor model of the Chinese version of the ER89-R and evidence of strong invariance across gender. Moreover, the internal consistency values of the Chinese version of the ER89-R were from marginal to acceptable, the stability coefficients over time were moderate. Finally, the criterion validity of the Chinese version of the ER89-R was supported by the expected relations with resilience, mental health, self-efficacy, and perceived stress. These findings suggest that the Chinese version of the ER89-R holds promise as an instrument for evaluating ego-resiliency among Chinese college students., Author(s): Wei Chen [sup.1] [sup.2] , Rongfen Gao [sup.1] [sup.2] , Tao Yang [sup.1] [sup.2] , Xue Tian [sup.1] [sup.2] , Guyin Zhang [sup.1] [sup.2] , Jie Luo [sup.1] [sup.2] [...]

Published
2023
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