Search

This study focuses on the development of new synthetic pathways to monosubstituted biguanides from amines. An exhaustive comparison of the conditions and reagents used for biamidine transfer was performed. New reagents were synthesized and optimized conditions for the synthesis of substituted biguanides under mild conditions were developed. Eventually, two high-yielding and straightforward protocols for the transfer of a biamidine group to various amines are proposed and their scope and limitations have been explored. These conditions include: i) a direct chromatography-free procedure and ii) an eco-friendly procedure in water compatible with bioinspired molecules. They are particularly efficient for the demanding conversion of aliphatic amines.

The implant design is one of the main factors in implant stability because it affects the contact area between the bone and the implant surface and the stress-strain distribution at the bone-implant interface. In this study, the effect of different groove geometries on stress-strain distributions in small-diameter conical implants is investigated using the finite element method (FEM). Four different thread models (rectangular, buttressed, reverse buttressed, and symmetrical profile) are created by changing the groove geometry on the one-piece implants, and the obtained results are compared. The stress shielding effect is investigated through the dimensionless numbers that characterize the load-sharing between the bone-implant. It is determined that the lowest stress distribution is observed with rectangular profiled groove geometry. Besides, it is obtained that the buttressed groove geometry minimizes the stress effects transmitted to the periphery of the implant. The symmetrical profiles had better performance than rectangular profiles in stress transfer.

In this paper, first we define the notion of involutive operator on bounded involutive equality algebras and by using it, we introduce a new class of equality algebras that we called it a tense like equality algebra. Then we investigate some properties of tense like equality algebra. For two involutive bounded equality algebras and an equality homomorphism between them, we prove that the tense like equality algebra structure can be transfer by this equality homomorphism. Specially, by using a bounded involutive equality algebra and quotient structure of it, we construct a quotient tense like equality algebra. Finally, we investigate the relation between tense like equality algebras and tense MV-algebras.

The essay examines the influence of Russian literature upon ethical and aesthetic principles and poetics of German socialist drama. After the defeat in the WWI, Germany developed nationalist myths, whereas the international principle prevailed both in Russian literature and culture. The latter fact attracted B. Brecht, J. Becher, F. Wolf, and many others. The essay’s aim is to demonstrate the influence of the playarticle Roar China! A Drama in Seven Scenes by S. Tretyakov on the German socialist drama. It is stated that Brecht (The Good Person of Szechwan, 1938–1941), considering the traditions of the epic theater, tried first of all to awaken the mind of the spectator and to give a clear example of action. In the play Tai Yang erwacht (1931), F. Wolf used all available means of impact to influence the viewer emotionally, aiming to achieve the involvement of the audience into what was going on the stage by means of catharsis, and within the traditions of M. Gorky and A. Fadeyev depicted his heroine in the process of her character development. The versatility and the multidimensional nature of approaches to the development of the Chinese theme is the evidence of the productivity of artistic Russian-German cultural contacts.

This paper is to study the following coupled version of compound KdV and MKdV equations with two components $ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} {u_t} + \alpha v{v_x} + \beta {u^2}{u_x} + {u_{xxx}} + \lambda u{u_x} = 0,\beta \gt 0,\\ {v_t} + \alpha {(uv)_x} + 2v{v_x} = 0, \end{array} \right. $ which clearly has Hamiltonian form. The orbital stability and instability of solitary waves with nonzero asymptotic value have been few studied. In this paper, we mainly consider the orbital stability and instability of solitary waves with zero or nonzero asymptotic value for this equations. Precisely, we first obtain two explicitly exact solitary waves with zero asymptotic value and four explicitly exact solitary waves with nonzero asymptotic value. Secondly, we conclude some results on the orbital stability of solitary waves with zero or nonzero asymptotic value. To this aim, in order to overcome the difficulty in studying orbital stability of solitary waves with nonzero asymptotic value, we use a translation transformation to transfer this problem into solitary waves with zero asymptotic value for a reduced nonlinear coupled equations. Then by applying the classical orbital stability theory presented by Grillakis et al. and Bona et al., we obtain the orbital stability and instability of solitary waves with zero asymptotic value for the new equations. We finally derive some results on orbital stability of solitary waves with zero or nonzero asymptotic value. In addition, we also obtain the stability results for the coupled compound KdV and MKdV equations with the degenerate condition $v = 0$, called the compound KdV and MKdV equation, which have been studied by Zhang et al.

This article aims at providing an inventory of Old English verbs of depriving that is motivated not only by the shared meaning components but also by grammatical behaviour. The theoretical basis of this work combines the framework of verb classes and alternations and Role and Reference Grammar. The main conclusion is that the verbs āniman, bedǣlan, beniman, berēafian, berȳpan, bescierian and (ge)rēafian are the best candidates for class membership, considering the constructions and the morpho-syntactic alternations on which they are found.

Given a complex Banach space X, we investigate the stable character of the property (VE) for a bounded linear operator T:X→X, under commuting perturbations that are Riesz, compact, algebraic and hereditarily polaroid. We also analyze sufficient conditions that allow the transfer of property (VE) from the tensorial factors T and S to its tensor product.

We conjecture the existence of hidden Onsager algebra symmetries in two interacting quantum integrable lattice models, i.e. spin-1/2 XXZ model and spin-1 Zamolodchikov-Fateev model at arbitrary root of unity values of the anisotropy. The conjectures relate the Onsager generators to the conserved charges obtained from semi-cyclic transfer matrices. The conjectures are motivated by two examples which are spin-1/2 XX model and spin-1 U(1)-invariant clock model. A novel construction of the semi-cyclic transfer matrices of spin-1 Zamolodchikov-Fateev model at arbitrary root of unity value of the anisotropy is carried out via transfer matrix fusion procedure., Comment: 32 pages, 3 figures

We study and compare natural generalizations of Euclid's algorithm for polynomials with coefficients in a finite field. This leads to gcd algorithms together with their associated continued fraction maps. The gcd algorithms act on triples of polynomials and rely on two-dimensional versions of the Brun, Jacobi–Perron and fully subtractive continued fraction maps, respectively. We first provide a unified framework for these algorithms and their associated continued fraction maps. We then analyse various costs for the gcd algorithms, including the number of iterations and two versions of the bit-complexity, corresponding to two representations of polynomials (the usual and the sparse one). We also study the associated two-dimensional continued fraction maps and prove the invariance and the ergodicity of the Haar measure. We deduce corresponding estimates for the costs of truncated trajectories under the action of these continued fraction maps, obtained thanks to their transfer operators, and we compare the two models (gcd algorithms and their associated continued fraction maps). Proving that the generating functions appear as dominant eigenvalues of the transfer operator allows indeed a fine comparison between the models.

This paper is concerned with the construction of a discrete conservative operator on a mesh, knowing a conservative operator on a different mesh. We analyse the possibility of defining such a transfer based on the preservation of conservation properties and provide practical procedures, which can be effectively implemented for schemes that work on staggered grids. We show that such a transfer can be applied to obtain a discrete balance equation on a mesh starting from a discrete balance equation on a different mesh, and to prove local discrete duality relations for standard discrete operators defined on staggered grids.

In this article, we consider Drazin invertible operators for study of the relationship between their B-Fredholm spectra and the transfer between some of the spectral properties defined through B-Fredholm spectra of this class of operators. Among other results, we investigate the transfer of generalized a-Weyl’s theorem from T to their Drazin inverse S, if it exists.

LetAbe the adjacency matrix of a graphGand supposeU(t) = exp(itA). We say that we have perfect state transfer inGfrom the vertexuto the vertexvat timetif there is a scalarγof unit modulus such thatU(t)eu=γ ev. It is known that perfect state transfer is rare. So C.Godsil gave a relaxation of this definition: we say that we have pretty good state transfer fromutovif there exists a complex numberγof unit modulus and, for each positive realϵthere is a timetsuch that ‖U(t)eu–γ ev‖ <ϵ. In this paper, the quantum state transfer on 1-sum of star graphsFk,lis explored. We show that there is no perfect state transfer onFk,l, but there is pretty good state transfer onFk,lif and only ifk=l.

We present a simple method, not based on the transfer matrices, to prove vanishing of dynamical transport exponents. The method is applied to long range quasiperiodic operators.

We derive two new forms of the K\'arm\'an-Howarth-Monin equation for decaying compressible Hall magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We test them on results of a weakly-compressible, two-dimensional, moderate-Reynolds-number Hall MHD simulation and compare them with an isotropic spectral transfer (ST) equation. The KHM and ST equations are automatically satisfied during the whole simulation owing to the periodic boundary conditions and have complementary cumulative behavior. They are used here to analyze the onset of turbulence and its properties when it is fully developed. These approaches give equivalent results characterizing: the decay of the kinetic + magnetic energy at large scales, the MHD and Hall cross-scale energy transfer/cascade, the pressure dilatation, and the dissipation. The Hall cascade appears when the MHD one brings the energy close to the ion inertial range and is related to the formation of reconnecting current sheets. At later times, the pressure-dilation energy-exchange rate oscillates around zero with no net effect on the cross-scale energy transfer when averaged over a period of its oscillations. A reduced one-dimensional analysis suggests that all three methods may be useful to estimate the energy cascade rate from in situ observations., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figues

We study the transfer of (dual) relative CS-Rickart properties via functors between abelian categories. We consider fully faithful functors as well as adjoint pairs of functors. We give several applications to Grothendieck categories and, in particular, to (graded) module and comodule categories., 14 pages

Introduction The incidence of Acute Aortic Syndrome (AAS) is rising. The Department of Health is considering a supra regional tier of centralisation for complex aortic care. No standardised pathway exists to guide the transfer of patients with AAS, despite increasing evidence from coroners and the Healthcare Safety Investigation Board of delayed transfers and miscommunication costing lives. This study aims to deliver a pathway for the safe transfer of patients with suspected AAS to a specialist aortic centre through multidisciplinary Delphi consensus. Methods The researchers will create an interdisciplinary Steering Group to oversee the study, which will identify appropriate stakeholders for inclusion in the Delphi process. A systematic review will be performed to summarise existing evidence and highlight gaps in knowledge where consensus is required. The Steering Group will create, circulate and interpret the Delphi questionnaire. The outcomes will also enable determination of criteria for audit that should become the standard for ensuring a safe and efficient process for patient transfer to a complex aortic centre. Results Results will provide inter-disciplinary guidance to healthcare professionals for early management and transfer of patients with suspected AAS, and prevent unnecessary transfer, thereby improving outcomes, ensuring equity of access to specialist aortic care for patients. Results will also provide audit standards through which future improvements can be realised. Conclusion This study is reliant upon collaboration between multidisciplinary healthcare providers, qualitative researchers and patients. Its success will streamline emergency pathways in the management of AAS, saving lives and resources, with inbuilt mechanisms for continuous review and improvement.

We analyze the $\ell$--weights of the evaluation and $q$-oscillator representations of the quantum loop algebras $\mathrm U_q(\mathcal L(\mathfrak{sl}_{\, l + 1}))$ for $l = 1$ and $l = 2$ and prove the factorization relations for the transfer operators of the associated quantum integrable systems., 27 pages, submitted to the proceedings of the International conference "Polivanov-90"

Color coding is an algorithmic technique used in parameterized complexity theory to detect “small” structures inside graphs. The idea is to derandomize algorithms that first randomly color a graph and then search for an easily-detectable, small color pattern. We transfer color coding to the world of descriptive complexity theory by characterizing—purely in terms of the syntactic structure of describing formulas—when the powerful second-order quantifiers representing a random coloring can be replaced by equivalent, simple first-order formulas. Building on this result, we identify syntactic properties of first-order quantifiers that can be eliminated from formulas describing parameterized problems. The result applies to many packing and embedding problems, but also to the long path problem. Together with a new result on the parameterized complexity of formula families involving only a fixed number of variables, we get that many problems lie in FPT just because of the way they are commonly described using logical formulas.

According to the Langlands functoriality conjecture, broadened to the setting of spherical varieties (of which reductive groups are special cases), a map between $L$ -groups of spherical varieties should give rise to a functorial transfer of their local and automorphic spectra. The “beyond endoscopy” proposal predicts that this transfer will be realized as a comparison between limiting forms of the (relative) trace formulas of these spaces. In this paper, we establish the local transfer for the identity map between $L$ -groups, for spherical affine homogeneous spaces $X=H\backslash G$ whose dual group is $\operatorname{SL}_{2}$ or $\operatorname{PGL}_{2}$ (with $G$ and $H$ split). More precisely, we construct a transfer operator between orbital integrals for the $(X\times X)/G$ -relative trace formula, and orbital integrals for the Kuznetsov formula of $\operatorname{PGL}_{2}$ or $\operatorname{SL}_{2}$ . Besides the $L$ -group, another invariant attached to $X$ is a certain $L$ -value, and the space of test measures for the Kuznetsov formula is enlarged to accommodate the given $L$ -value. The transfer operator is given explicitly in terms of Fourier convolutions, making it suitable for a global comparison of trace formulas by the Poisson summation formula, hence for a uniform proof, in rank $1$ , of the relations between periods of automorphic forms and special values of $L$ -functions.

We propose the full system of Baxter Q-functions (QQ-system) for the integrable spin chains with the symmetry of the $D_r$ Lie algebra. We use this QQ-system to derive new Weyl-type formulas expressing transfer matrices in all symmetric and antisymmetric (fundamental) representations through $r+1$ basic Q-functions. Our functional relations are consistent with the Q-operators proposed recently by one of the authors and verified explicitly on the level of operators at small finite length., 42 pages, 9 Figures; v2: typos fixed, references added; v3: references added, section 9 improved

The formal degree of a unipotent discrete series character of a simple linear algebraic group over a non-archimedean local field (in the sense of Lusztig [17] ), is a rational function of q evaluated at q = q , the cardinality of the residue field. The irreducible factors of this rational function are q and cyclotomic polynomials. We prove that the formal degree of a supercuspidal unipotent representation determines its Lusztig-Langlands parameter, up to twisting by weakly unramified characters. For split exceptional groups this result follows from the work of M. Reeder [28] , and for the remaining exceptional cases this is verified in [7] . In the present paper we treat the classical families. The main result of this article characterizes unramified Lusztig-Langlands parameters which support a cuspidal local system in terms of formal degrees. The result implies the uniqueness of so-called cuspidal spectral transfer morphisms (as introduced in [22] ) between unipotent affine Hecke algebras (up to twisting by unramified characters). In [23] the essential uniqueness of arbitrary unipotent spectral transfer morphisms was reduced to the cuspidal case.

We investigate a way to turn an arbitrary (usually, unbounded) metric space M into a bounded metric space B in such a way that the corresponding Lipschitz-free spaces F(M) and F(B) are isomorphic. The construction we provide is functorial in a weak sense and has the advantage of being explicit. Apart from its intrinsic theoretical interest, it has many applications in that it allows to transfer many arguments valid for Lipschitz-free spaces over bounded spaces to Lipschitz-free spaces over unbounded spaces. Furthermore, we show that with a slightly modified pointwise multiplication, the space Lip(0)(M) of scalar-valued Lipschitz functions vanishing at zero over any (unbounded) pointed metric space is a Banach algebra with its canonical Lipschitz norm. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation [PID2019-107701GBI00 for Operators, lattices, and structure of Banach spaces to F.A.]; the Spanish Ministry for Science, Innovation, and Universities [PGC2018-095366-B-I00 for Analisis Vectorial, Multilineal, y Aproximacion to F.A. and J.L.A.]; the Charles University Research program [UNCE/SCI/023 to M.C.]; and the GAC. R project [EXPRO 20-31529X and RVO: 67985840 to M.D.].

International audience; The numerical approach of topological optimization allows determining the optimal distribution of the material in a given volume in the function of an objective. This approach has recently regained interest thanks to the development of additive manufacturing, which makes it possible to manufacture its resulting parts with complex geometries. In the biomedical field, this numerical approach can also improve the performance of medical devices. Most of the time, the objective of topological optimization is to maximize the stiffness of the considered part while reducing its mass or volume. For example, this criterion has been applied for the optmisation of craniofacial reconstruction prosthesis (Al-tamimi et al. 2017). Some studies have integrated biomechanical considerations in the form of geometrical constraints in taking into account anatomical areas to be avoided (Sutradhar et al. 2016).To our knowledge, no study considers the phenomenon of “stress-shielding” between the bone and the implant in its optimization process. In this work, the originality is the optimization approach which does not only consider the mechanical characteristics of the optimized part (such as its stiffness) but also the mechanical characteristics of the surrounding bone. Thus, it involves specifically taking into account the mechanical behavior of the surrounding bone to topologically optimize the geometry of the medical device and improve the load transfer between the bone and the implant. For that, a numerical simplified Finite Element (FE) model is developed in this paper with a simplified geometry to highlight the possibility of controlling the load transfer bone and implant.

We present an optimal protocol for encoding an unknown qubit state into a multiqubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-like state and, consequently, transferring quantum information in large systems exhibiting power-law ($1/r^\alpha$) interactions. For all power-law exponents $\alpha$ between $d$ and $2d+1$, where $d$ is the dimension of the system, the protocol yields a polynomial speedup for $\alpha>2d$ and a superpolynomial speedup for $\alpha\leq 2d$, compared to the state of the art. For all $\alpha>d$, the protocol saturates the Lieb-Robinson bounds (up to subpolynomial corrections), thereby establishing the optimality of the protocol and the tightness of the bounds in this regime. The protocol has a wide range of applications, including in quantum sensing, quantum computing, and preparation of topologically ordered states. In addition, the protocol provides a lower bound on the gate count in digital simulations of power-law interacting systems., Comment: Updated Table I, Additional discussion on a lower bound for the gate count in digital quantum simulation

Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees, and have been introduced in order to describe evolution in the case of transfer of genetic material between coexisting species. There are many classes of phylogenetic networks, which can all be modeled as families of graphs with labeled leaves. In this paper, we focus on rooted and unrooted level-k networks and provide enumeration formulas (exact and asymptotic) for rooted and unrooted level-1 and level-2 phylogenetic networks with a given number of leaves. We also prove that the distribution of some parameters of these networks (such as their number of cycles) are asymptotically normally distributed. These results are obtained by first providing a recursive description (also called combinatorial specification) of our networks, and by next applying classical methods of enumerative, symbolic and analytic combinatorics., 29 pages. Supplementary material: SVG and TXT files

We establish a correspondence between a class of Wilson-'t Hooft lines in four-dimensional $\mathcal{N} = 2$ supersymmetric gauge theories described by circular quivers and transfer matrices constructed from dynamical L-operators for trigonometric quantum integrable systems. We compute the vacuum expectation values of the Wilson-'t Hooft lines in a twisted product space $S^1 \times_\epsilon \mathbb{R}^2 \times \mathbb{R}$ by supersymmetric localization and show that they are equal to the Wigner transforms of the transfer matrices. A variant of the AGT correspondence implies an identification of the transfer matrices with Verlinde operators in Toda theory, which we also verify. We explain how these field theory setups are related to four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory via embedding into string theory and dualities., Comment: 30 pages. v2: minor improvements. Published version

Nucleon-transfer sum rules have been assessed via a consistent reanalysis of cross-section data from neutron-adding ($d$,$p$) and -removing ($d$,$t$) reactions on well-deformed isotopes of Gd, Dy, Er, Yb, and W, with $92\leq N\leq108$, studied at the Niels Bohr Institute in the 1960s and 1970s. These are complemented by new measurements of cross sections using the ($d$,$p$), ($d$,$t$), and ($p$,$d$) reactions on a subset of these nuclei. The sum rules, defined in a Nilsson-model framework, are remarkably consistent. A single overall normalization is used in the analysis, which appears to be sensitive to assumptions about the reaction mechanism, and in the case of sums using the ($d$,$t$) reaction, differs from values determined from reactions on spherical systems., 7 pages, 4 figures

This paper considers solutions u α of the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations on the periodic domains Q α ≔ (−α,α)3 as the domain size α → ∞, and compares them to solutions of the same equations on the whole space. For compactly-supported initial data u α 0 ∈ H 1 ( Q α ) , an appropriate extension of u α converges to a solution u of the equations on R 3 , strongly in L r ( 0 , T ; H 1 ( R 3 ) ) , r ∈ [1, ∞). The same also holds when u α 0 is the velocity corresponding to a fixed, compactly-supported vorticity. A consequence is that if an initial compactly-supported velocity u 0 ∈ H 1 ( R 3 ) or an initial compactly-supported vorticity ω 0 ∈ H 1 ( R 3 ) gives rise to a smooth solution on [0, T*] for the equations posed on R 3 , a smooth solution will also exist on [0, T*] for the same initial data for the periodic problem posed on Q α for α sufficiently large; this illustrates a ‘transfer of regularity’ from the whole space to the periodic case.

International audience; Despite the high performance of neural style transfer on stylized pictures, we found that Gatys et al [1] algorithm cannot perfectly reconstruct texture style. Output stylized picture could emerge unsatisfied unexpected textures such like muddiness in local area and insufficient grain expression. Our method bases on original algorithm, adding the Gradient Gram description on style loss, aiming to strengthen texture expression and eliminate muddiness. To some extent our method lengthens the runtime, however, its output stylized pictures get higher performance on texture details, especially in the elimination of muddiness.

It was first noted during the 1970s that finite-range distorted wave Born approximation (FR-DWBA) calculations were unable satisfactorily to describe the shape of the angular distributions of many single-proton (and some single-neutron) transfer reactions induced by heavy ions, with calculations shifted to larger angles by up to $\ensuremath{\sim}{4}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ compared with the data. These reactions exhibited a significant mismatch, either of the reaction $Q$ value or the grazing angular momentum of the entrance and exit channels, and it was speculated that the inclusion of multistep transfer paths via excited state(s) of the projectile and/or ejectile could compensate for the effect of this mismatch and yield good descriptions of the data by shifting the calculated peaks to smaller angles. However, to date this has not been explicitly demonstrated for many reactions. In this work we show that inclusion of the two-step transfer path via the 4.44-MeV ${2}^{+}$ excited state of the $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ projectile in coupled channel Born approximation calculations enables a good description of the $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}(^{12}\mathrm{C},^{11}\mathrm{B})^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$ single-proton stripping data at four incident energies which could not be described by the FR-DWBA. We also show that inclusion of a similar reaction path for the $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}(^{12}\mathrm{C},^{13}\mathrm{C})^{207}\mathrm{Pb}$ single-neutron pickup reaction has a relatively minor influence, slightly improving the already good description obtained with the FR-DWBA.

In this paper, we study the transfer of some $t$-locally properties which are stable under localization to $t$-flat overrings of an integral domain $D$. We show that $D,$ $D[X],$ $D\langle X\rangle,$ $D(X)$ and $D[X]_{N_v}$ are simultaneously $t$-locally P$v$MDs (resp., $t$-locally Krull, $t$-locally G-GCD, $t$-locally Noetherian, $t$-locally Strong Mori). A complete characterization of when a pullback is a $t$-locally P$v$MD (resp., $t$-locally GCD, $t$-locally G-GCD, $t$-locally Noetherian, $t$-locally Strong Mori, $t$-locally Mori) is given. As corollaries, we investigate the transfer of some $t$-locally properties among domains of the form $D+XK[X]$, $D+XK[[X]]$ and amalgamated algebras. A particular attention is devoted to the transfer of almost Krull and locally P$v$MD properties to integral closure of a domain having the same property.

We know from a previous paper that the reticulation of a coherent quantale A is a bounded distributive lattice L ( A ) whose prime spectrum is homeomorphic to m-prime spectrum of A. This paper studies how the reticulation can be used for transferring some properties of bounded distributive lattices to quantales and vice versa. We shall illustrate this thesis by proving several results on the pure and w–pure elements of the quantale A by means of the reticulation L ( A ) . In particular, we shall investigate how the properties of σ–ideals of L ( A ) can be transferred to pure and w–pure elements of A. Then the obtained transfer properties are used to prove new algebraic and topological results and characterization theorems for some important classes of quantales: normal quantales, mp–quantales, PF–quantales, purified quantales and PP–quantales.

We develop optimal protocols for efficient photon transfer in a cavity-QED network. This is executed through stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) scheme, where time-varying capacitive couplings (with carefully chosen sweep rate) play a key role. We work in a regime where semiclassical limit is valid and we investigate the dynamical chaos caused by the light-matter coupling. We show that this plays a crucial role in estimating the lower bound on the sweep rate for ensuring efficient photon transfer. We present Hermitian as well as an open quantum system extension of the model. Without loss of generality, we study the three cavity and four cavity case and our results can be adapted to larger networks. Our analysis is also significant in designing transport protocols aimed for nonlinear open quantum systems in general., 10 pages, 10 figures

Let G be a group acting via ring automorphisms on an integral domain R. A ring-theoretic property of R is said to be G-invariant, if $$R^G$$ also has the property, where $$R^G=\{r\in R \ | \ \sigma (r)=r \ \text {for all} \ \sigma \in G\},$$ the fixed ring of the action. In this paper we prove the following classes of rings are invariant under the operation $$R\rightarrow R^G:$$ locally pqr domains, Strong G-domains, G-domains, Hilbert rings, S-strong rings and root-closed domains. Further let $$\mathscr {P}$$ be a ring theoretic property and $$R\subseteq S$$ be a ring extension. A pair of rings (R, S) is said to be a $$\mathscr {P}$$ -pair, if T satisfies $$\mathscr {P}$$ for each intermediate ring $$R\subseteq T\subseteq S.$$ We also prove that the property $$\mathscr {P}$$ descends from $$(R,S)\rightarrow (R^G, S^G)$$ in several cases. For instance, if $$\mathscr {P}=$$ Going-down, Pseudo-valuation domain and “finite length of intermediate chains of domains”, we show each of these properties successfully transfer from $$(R,S)\rightarrow (R^G, S^G).$$

We study statistical properties of the process $Y(t)$ of a passive advection by quenched random layered flows in situations when the inter-layer transfer is governed by a fractional Brownian motion $X(t)$ with the Hurst index $H \in (0,1)$. We show that the disorder-averaged mean-squared displacement of the passive advection grows in the large time $t$ limit in proportion to $t^{2 - H}$, which defines a family of anomalous super-diffusions. We evaluate the disorder-averaged Wigner-Ville spectrum of the advection process $Y(t)$ and demonstrate that it has a rather unusual power-law form $1/f^{3 - H}$ with a characteristic exponent which exceed the value $2$. Our results also suggest that sample-to-sample fluctuations of the spectrum can be very important., Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures

Let $A$ and $B$ be two Morita equivalent finite dimensional associative algebras over a field $\Bbbk$. It is well known that Hochschild cohomology is invariant under Morita equivalence. Since infinitesimal deformations are connected with the second Hochschild cohomology group, we explicitly describe the transfer map connecting $\mathsf{HH}^2(A)$ with $\mathsf{HH}^2(B)$. This allows us to transfer Morita equivalence between $A$ and $B$ to that between infinitesimal deformations of them. As an application, when $\Bbbk$ is algebraically closed, we consider the quotient path algebra associated to $A$ and describe the presentation by quiver and relations of the infinitesimal deformations of $A$.

We construct families of two-dimensional Sinai billiards whose transfer operators have Ruelle resonances arbitrarily close to 1. Our method involves taking a large enough cover of an initial billiard table, and relating the transfer operator of the covering table to twisted transfer operators of the initial table. We also study the distribution of these resonances which are close to 1., 14 pages, 3 figures

In this article we show that diffraction segregates the polarization singularities according to their handedness. Polarization singularities are superpositions of left and right handed circular polarization vortex states. In the superposition, the component states possess different orbital angular momenta depending on the type of the singularity. A fork grating that can generate different orbital angular momentum (OAM) states in different diffraction orders is shown to segregate right and left handed polarization singularities. A V-point polarization singularity that corresponds to one combination of OAM states incident on the fork grating is found to diffract in such a way that the same OAM combination does not occur in all the nonzero diffraction orders. As a result, each of the diffraction orders will have different polarization singularities. This OAM transfer by the fork grating segregates the right and left handed polarization singularities thereby, making the diffraction helicity dependent.

A general overview is presented of an effective model for the inclusion of (d,p) and (d,n) nucleon transfer direct reactions to bound states of the residual nucleus in the general-purpose radiation-transport code FLUKA. The model relies on the distorted-wave Born approximation, employing state-of-the-art subroutines for the numerical solution of the radial Schrödinger equation for the deuteron- and nucleon-nucleus wave-functions, as well as contemporary optical potential models for the latter two. A final variation of a handful of deuteron optical potential parameters provides the model with additional flexibility and enhances the agreement with experimental nucleon angular distributions in a considerable range of target nuclei and deuteron energies.

Transfer covariance function, which can model domain similarity and adaptively control the knowledge transfer across domains, is widely used in transfer learning. In this paper, we concentrate on Gaussian process (GP) models using a transfer covariance function for regression problems in a black-box learning scenario. Precisely, we investigate a family of rather general transfer covariance functions, T*, that can model the heterogeneous sub-similarities of domains through multiple kernel learning. A necessary and sufficient condition to obtain valid GPs using T* (GPT* ) for any data is given. This condition becomes specially handy for practical applications as (i) it enables semantic interpretations of the sub-similarities and (ii) it can readily be used for model learning. In particular, we propose a computationally inexpensive model learning rule that can explicitly capture different sub-similarities of domains. We propose two instantiations of GPT* , one with a set of predefined constant base kernels and one with a set of learnable parametric base kernels. Extensive experiments on 36 synthetic transfer tasks and 12 real-world transfer tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of GPT* on the sub-similarity capture and the transfer performance. Nanyang Technological University National Research Foundation (NRF) Accepted version This research is partially supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF), Singapore, under the Singapore Data Science Consortium (SDSC) International Research Collaboration Grant No. SDSC-2020-004. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the views of NRF and SDSC. Yew- Soon Ong acknowledges the support of the Singtel Cognitive and Artificial Intelligence Lab for Enterprises (SCALE@NTU), which is a collaboration between Singapore Telecommunications Limited (Singtel) and Nanyang Technological University (NTU) that is funded by the Singapore Government through the Industry Alignment Fund - Industry Collaboration Projects Grant.

Lie $n$-algebras are the $L_\infty$ analogs of chain Lie algebras from rational homotopy theory. Henriques showed that finite type Lie $n$-algebras can be integrated to produce certain simplicial Banach manifolds, known as Lie $\infty$-groups, via a smooth analog of Sullivan's realization functor. In this paper, we provide an explicit proof that the category of finite type Lie $n$-algebras and (weak) $L_\infty$-morphisms admits the structure of a category of fibrant objects (CFO) for a homotopy theory. Roughly speaking, this CFO structure can be thought of as the transfer of the classical projective CFO structure on non-negatively graded chain complexes via the tangent functor. In particular, the weak equivalences are precisely the $L_\infty$ quasi-isomorphisms. Along the way, we give explicit constructions for pullbacks and factorizations of $L_\infty$-morphisms between finite type Lie $n$-algebras. We also analyze Postnikov towers and Maurer-Cartan/deformation functors associated to such Lie $n$-algebras. The main application of this work is our joint paper arXiv:1609.01394 with C. Zhu which characterizes the compatibility of Henriques' integration functor with the homotopy theory of Lie $n$-algebras and that of Lie $\infty$-groups., Comment: This version to appear in Algebraic & Geometric Topology. 44 pages. Comments are welcome

This chapter investigates the possibility of drawing on the discipline of metaphysics in discussions of the transfer of knowledge. The chapter initially identifies appeals to metaphysics in the transfer literature. They uniformly stress the significance of process metaphysics for the question of transfer. The chapter then outlines three dominant metaphysical frameworks, based on objects, processes and structures, respectively, and locates these in the learning sciences. Against that background, the chapter argues that the appeals to process metaphysics identified in the transfer literature cannot establish the claims that are made, namely that process metaphysics somehow make the question of transfer void. The chapter then explores avenues of systematic and constructive reliance on metaphysics in theory construction. One stresses alignment between one’s view of learning and the concept one employs in theory construction. Another points to alignment between the domain of knowledge and existing metaphysical frameworks that have been utilised in understanding the fundamental nature of that domain. A concluding section reflects on the possibility of choosing a metaphysical framework, and stresses the importance of being aware of the often implicit metaphysics in the language with which one theorises.

Transfer is not static but a dynamic process of learning. In this article, the concept of transfer and the implications of its study are reconsidered from the theoretical basis of the complex dynamic system approach. We describe “transfer” as an emergent process that implies not a copy of knowledge applied to a new situation, but a new configuration of knowledge to solve new situations. Therefore, we discussed the concept of transfer based on the following dynamic principles: soft-assembly, multi causality, variability, self-organization, and iteration. To reconsider the concept of transfer, we provide empirical evidence, illustrating these principles by discussing two studies of transfer carried out with preschoolers. The participants were 34 children of 4 years old (M = 4,6), and 8 children of 4 to 6 years old (M = 5,2). Using repeated measure designs (3 weeks and 6 months, respectively), participants worked on sets of problem-solving situations in the domain of physics (i.e. Archimedes’ principle and Air pressure). By using time-series graphs we identified the relevant elements of the tasks used by the children during the problem-solving process to analyze how this process changes over time. Results show transfer as a self-organized and context-related process in which the information is not static but in constant transformation.

We prove that the heats of transfer of a mixture of solvents can be expressed by their partial molar entropies. The expression is derived using entropy production invariance and equivalent expressions for the heat flux through the mixture. The result may be useful in the modeling of thermoelectric effects in e.g. the Li-ion battery or in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Large effects can be predicted. This mends a situation where few data are available.

Let $A \to B$ be a $G$-Galois extension of rings, or more generally of $\mathbb{E}_\infty$-ring spectra in the sense of Rognes. A basic question in algebraic $K$-theory asks how close the map $K(A) \to K(B)^{hG}$ is to being an equivalence, i.e., how close algebraic $K$-theory is to satisfying Galois descent. An elementary argument with the transfer shows that this equivalence is true rationally in most cases of interest. Motivated by the classical descent theorem of Thomason, one also expects such a result after periodic localization. We formulate and prove a general result which enables one to promote rational descent statements as above into descent statements after periodic localization. This reduces the localized descent problem to establishing an elementary condition on $K_0(-)\otimes \mathbb{Q}$. As applications, we prove various descent results in the periodic localized $K$-theory, $TC$, $THH$, etc. of structured ring spectra, and verify several cases of a conjecture of Ausoni and Rognes., 46 pages. With an appendix by Lennart Meier, Niko Naumann, and Justin Noel. Revised version, to appear in Journal of the European Mathematical Society

We present a new formula and implementation for a descriptor enabling quantification of the electron-hole distance associated with a charge transfer of an optical transition, on the basis of the knowledge of the densities of the electronic ground and excited states. This index is able to define a charge-transfer length even for systems that would be otherwise difficult to treat, like symmetric molecules, while maintaining a very low computational cost and the possibility to be coupled to any method providing ground and excited state electron densities. After a benchmark of its performance on a series of push-pull molecules, the index has been applied to a set of large symmetric luminophores, the so-called "butterfly molecules", showing promising applications in optoelectronics, to highlight its potential use in the design of new compounds.

HN method is used for the solution ofvector equation of transfer, which includes two Stokes parameters, with acombination of Rayleigh and isotropic scattering in a finite plane-parallelatmosphere. The behavior of albedo and transmission factor are obtainedaccording to the slab thickness and reflection coefficient., Bir sonlu düzlemparallel atmosferde Rayleigh ve izotropik saçılma durumunun birkombinasyonunda, iki Stokes parametresini içeren vektör transfer denklemininçözümü için HN metodu kullanılmıştır. Albedonun ve iletim faktörünündavranışı slab kalınlığına ve yansıma katsayına bağlı olarak elde edilmiştir.