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1. The XENONnT dark matter experiment

Author: XENON Collaboration, E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, K. Abe, S. Ahmed Maouloud, L. Althueser, B. Andrieu, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Antón Martin, F. Arneodo, M. Balata, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, M. Bazyk, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, E. J. Brookes, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, T. K. Bui, C. Cai, J. M. R. Cardoso, F. Cassese, A. Chiarini, D. Cichon, A. P. Cimental Chavez, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, R. Corrieri, J. J. Cuenca-García, J. P. Cussonneau, O. Dadoun, V. D’Andrea, M. P. Decowski, B. De Fazio, P. Di Gangi, S. Diglio, J. M. Disdier, D. Douillet, K. Eitel, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, C. Ferrari, H. Fischer, M. Flierman, S. Form, D. Front, W. Fulgione, C. Fuselli, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Gardner, N. Garroum, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, H. Guan, M. Guerzoni, M. Guida, R. Hammann, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, N. F. Hood, J. Howlett, C. Huhmann, M. Iacovacci, G. Iaquaniello, L. Iven, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, A. Joy, M. Kara, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, F. Kuger, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, J. Loizeau, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, P. Martella, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, E. Mele, M. Messina, R. Michinelli, K. Miuchi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Müller, K. Ni, S. Nisi, U. Oberlack, D. Orlandi, R. Othegraven, B. Paetsch, J. Palacio, S. Parlati, P. Paschos, Q. Pellegrini, R. Peres, C. Peters, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, G. Plante, T. R. Pollmann, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ramírez García, M. Rynge, J. Shi, R. Singh, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Sarnoff, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, P. Schulte, H. Schulze Eißing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, J. Stephen, M. Stern, B. K. Stillwell, A. Takeda, P.-L. Tan, D. Tatananni, A. Terliuk, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, F. Tönnies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, J. Westermann, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, V. H. S. Wu, Y. Xing, D. Xu, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, M. Zhong, and T. Zhu
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.9 tonnes of cryogenic liquid xenon (8.5 tonnes total mass in cryostat). The experiment is expected to extend the sensitivity to WIMP dark matter by more than an order of magnitude compared to XENON1T, thanks to the larger active mass and the significantly reduced background, improved by novel systems such as a radon removal plant and a neutron veto. This article describes the XENONnT experiment and its sub-systems in detail and reports on the detector performance during the first science run.
Published: 2024
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2. Low-energy calibration of XENON1T with an internal $$^{{\textbf {37}}}$$ 37 Ar source

Author: E. Aprile, K. Abe, F. Agostini, S. Ahmed Maouloud, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, B. Andrieu, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Antón Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, T. K. Bui, C. Cai, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-García, J. P. Cussonneau, V. D’Andrea, M. P. Decowski, P. Di Gangi, S. Di Pede, S. Diglio, K. Eitel, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, C. Ferrari, H. Fischer, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, M. Guida, R. Hammann, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, A. Joy, N. Kato, M. Kara, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, F. Kuger, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, J. Loizeau, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, K. Mizukoshi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Müller, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, B. Paetsch, J. Palacio, R. Peres, C. Peters, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, L. Sanchez, P. Sanchez-Lucas, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Sarnoff, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, P. Schulte, H. Schulze Eißing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, P.-L. Tan, A. Terliuk, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, F. Tönnies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, D. Xu, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, S. Zerbo, M. Zhong, T. Zhu, C. Geppert, J. Riemer, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract A low-energy electronic recoil calibration of XENON1T, a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber, with an internal $${}^{37}$$ 37 Ar source was performed. This calibration source features a 35-day half-life and provides two mono-energetic lines at 2.82 keV and 0.27 keV. The photon yield and electron yield at 2.82 keV are measured to be ( $$32.3\,\pm \,0.3$$ 32.3 ± 0.3 ) photons/keV and ( $$40.6\,\pm \,0.5$$ 40.6 ± 0.5 ) electrons/keV, respectively, in agreement with other measurements and with NEST predictions. The electron yield at 0.27 keV is also measured and it is ( $$68.0^{+6.3}_{-3.7}$$ 68 . 0 - 3.7 + 6.3 ) electrons/keV. The $${}^{37}$$ 37 Ar calibration confirms that the detector is well-understood in the energy region close to the detection threshold, with the 2.82 keV line reconstructed at ( $$2.83\,\pm \,0.02$$ 2.83 ± 0.02 ) keV, which further validates the model used to interpret the low-energy electronic recoil excess previously reported by XENON1T. The ability to efficiently remove argon with cryogenic distillation after the calibration proves that $${}^{37}$$ 37 Ar can be considered as a regular calibration source for multi-tonne xenon detectors.
Published: 2023
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3. An approximate likelihood for nuclear recoil searches with XENON1T data

Author: E. Aprile, K. Abe, F. Agostini, S. Ahmed Maouloud, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, B. Andrieu, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Antón Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-García, J. P. Cussonneau, V. D’Andrea, M. P. Decowski, P. Di Gangi, S. Di Pede, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, H. Fischer, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, A. Joy, N. Kato, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, K. Mizukoshi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Müller, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, B. Paetsch, J. Palacio, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, P. Schulte, H. Schulze Eißing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, P. L. Tan, A. Terliuk, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, F. Tönnies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, Y. Zhang, M. Zhong, T. Zhu, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The XENON collaboration has published stringent limits on specific dark matter – nucleon recoil spectra from dark matter recoiling on the liquid xenon detector target. In this paper, we present an approximate likelihood for the XENON1T 1 t-year nuclear recoil search applicable to any nuclear recoil spectrum. Alongside this paper, we publish data and code to compute upper limits using the method we present. The approximate likelihood is constructed in bins of reconstructed energy, profiled along the signal expectation in each bin. This approach can be used to compute an approximate likelihood and therefore most statistical results for any nuclear recoil spectrum. Computing approximate results with this method is approximately three orders of magnitude faster than the likelihood used in the original publications of XENON1T, where limits were set for specific families of recoil spectra. Using this same method, we include toy Monte Carlo simulation-derived binwise likelihoods for the upcoming XENONnT experiment that can similarly be used to assess the sensitivity to arbitrary nuclear recoil signatures in its eventual 20 t-year exposure.
Published: 2022
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4. Material radiopurity control in the XENONnT experiment

Author: E. Aprile, K. Abe, F. Agostini, S. Ahmed Maouloud, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Antón Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-García, J. P. Cussonneau, V. D’Andrea, M. P. Decowski, P. Di Gangi, S. Di Pede, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, H. Fischer, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, A. Higuera, C. Hils, K. Hiraide, L. Hoetzsch, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, N. Kato, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, K. Mizukoshi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, J. Palacio, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, H. Schulze Eißing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, P. L. Tan, A. Terliuk, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, F. Tönnies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, J. Westermann, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, Y. Zhang, M. Zhong, T. Zhu, J. P. Zopounidis, XENON Collaboration, M. Laubenstein, and S. Nisi
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background ( $$\sim $$ ∼ 17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2 ( $$^{+0.5}_{-0.7}$$ - 0.7 + 0.5 ) $$\upmu $$ μ Bq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system.
Published: 2022
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5. $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn emanation measurements for the XENON1T experiment

Author: XENON Collaboration, E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F. D. Amaro, V. C. Antochi, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, F. Arneodo, D. Barge, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, L. Bellagamba, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, A. Depoian, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, L. Grandi, M. Garbini, C. Hasterok, C. Hils, K. Hiraide, L. Hoetzsch, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, F. Joerg, N. Kato, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, A. Molinario, K. Morå, S. Moriyama, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, J. Palacio, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qin, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, M. Vargas, G. Volta, O. Wack, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, J. Westermann, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, J. Ye, G. Zavattini, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu, and J. P. Zopounidis
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of utmost importance for the success of low-energy rare event search experiments. Besides radioactive contaminants in the bulk, the emanation of radioactive radon atoms from material surfaces attains increasing relevance in the effort to further reduce the background of such experiments. In this work, we present the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn emanation measurements performed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Together with the bulk impurity screening campaign, the results enabled us to select the radio-purest construction materials, targeting a $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration of $$10\,\mathrm{\,}\upmu \mathrm{Bq}/\mathrm{kg}$$ 10 μ Bq / kg in $$3.2\,\mathrm{t}$$ 3.2 t of xenon. The knowledge of the distribution of the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn sources allowed us to selectively eliminate problematic components in the course of the experiment. The predictions from the emanation measurements were compared to data of the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration in XENON1T. The final $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration of $$(4.5\pm 0.1)\,\mathrm{\,}\upmu \mathrm{Bq}/\mathrm{kg}$$ ( 4.5 ± 0.1 ) μ Bq / kg in the target of XENON1T is the lowest ever achieved in a xenon dark matter experiment.
Published: 2021
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6. Energy resolution and linearity of XENON1T in the MeV energy range

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F. D. Amaro, V. C. Antochi, E. Angelino, J. Angevaare, F. Arneodo, D. Barge, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, L. Bellagamba, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, B. Cimmino, M. Clark, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, A. Depoian, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, L. Grandi, C. Hasterok, C. Hils, K. Hiraide, L. Hoetzsch, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, F. Joerg, N. Kato, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, A. Molinario, K. Morå, S. Moriyama, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, J. Palacio, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qin, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, M. Vargas, G. Volta, O. Wack, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss Xu, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, J. Ye, G. Zavattini, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu, and J. P. Zopounidis
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Xenon dual-phase time projection chambers designed to search for weakly interacting massive particles have so far shown a relative energy resolution which degrades with energy above $$\sim $$ ∼ 200 keV due to the saturation effects. This has limited their sensitivity in the search for rare events like the neutrinoless double-beta decay of $$^{136} \hbox {Xe}$$ 136Xe at its Q value, $$Q_{\beta \beta }\simeq 2.46\,\hbox {MeV}$$ Qββ≃2.46MeV . For the XENON1T dual-phase time projection chamber, we demonstrate that the relative energy resolution at $$1\,\sigma /\mu $$ 1σ/μ is as low as ($$0.80 \pm 0.02$$ 0.80±0.02 ) % in its one-ton fiducial mass, and for single-site interactions at $$Q_{\beta \beta }$$ Qββ . We also present a new signal correction method to rectify the saturation effects of the signal readout system, resulting in more accurate position reconstruction and indirectly improving the energy resolution. The very good result achieved in XENON1T opens up new windows for the xenon dual-phase dark matter detectors to simultaneously search for other rare events.
Published: 2020
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7. Intrinsic backgrounds from Rn and Kr in the XENON100 experiment

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, F. Arneodo, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, L. W. Goetzke, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, R. Itay, B. Kaminsky, S. Kazama, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, A. Molinario, K. Morå, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, P. Pakarha, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, M.-C. Piro, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, N. Priel, D. Ramírez García, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. Von Sivers, A. Stein, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, M. Vargas, H. Wang, Z. Wang, M. Weber, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we describe the XENON100 data analyses used to assess the target-intrinsic background sources radon ( ), thoron ( ) and krypton ( ). We detail the event selections of high-energy alpha particles and decay-specific delayed coincidences. We derive distributions of the individual radionuclides inside the detector and quantify their abundances during the main three science runs of the experiment over a period of $$\sim 4\,\hbox {years}$$ ∼4years , from January 2010 to January 2014. We compare our results to external measurements of radon emanation and krypton concentrations where we find good agreement. We report an observed reduction in concentrations of radon daughters that we attribute to the plating-out of charged ions on the negatively biased cathode.
Published: 2018
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8. Material radioassay and selection for the XENON1T dark matter experiment

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, F. Arneodo, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, D. Franco, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, L. W. Goetzke, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, R. Itay, B. Kaminsky, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, M. Le Calloch, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, B. Miguez, A. Molinario, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, P. Pakarha, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, M.-C. Piro, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, N. Priel, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, N. Rupp, R. Saldanha, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. v. Sivers, A. Stein, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, M. Laubenstein, S. Nisi, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The XENON1T dark matter experiment aims to detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) through low-energy interactions with xenon atoms. To detect such a rare event necessitates the use of radiopure materials to minimize the number of background events within the expected WIMP signal region. In this paper we report the results of an extensive material radioassay campaign for the XENON1T experiment. Using gamma-ray spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques, systematic measurements of trace radioactive impurities in over one hundred samples within a wide range of materials were performed. The measured activities allowed for stringent selection and placement of materials during the detector construction phase and provided the input for XENON1T detection sensitivity estimates through Monte Carlo simulations.
Published: 2017
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9. The XENON1T dark matter experiment

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, B. Antunes, F. Arneodo, M. Balata, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, A. Breskin, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, A. Chiarini, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, R. Corrieri, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, J.-M. Disdier, M. Doets, E. Duchovni, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, D. Franco, D. Front, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, K.-L. Giboni, L. W. Goetzke, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, C. Huhmann, R. Itay, A. James, B. Kaminsky, S. Kazama, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, R. Maier, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, A. Molinario, K. Morå, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, D. Orlandi, R. Othegraven, P. Pakarha, S. Parlati, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, M.-C. Piro, G. Plante, N. Priel, D. Ramírez García, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, R. Saldanha, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. v. Sivers, M. Stern, A. Stein, D. Tatananni, L. Tatananni, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, O. Wack, R. Walet, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The XENON1T experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the first WIMP dark matter detector operating with a liquid xenon target mass above the ton-scale. Out of its 3.2 t liquid xenon inventory, 2.0 t constitute the active target of the dual-phase time projection chamber. The scintillation and ionization signals from particle interactions are detected with low-background photomultipliers. This article describes the XENON1T instrument and its subsystems as well as strategies to achieve an unprecedented low background level. First results on the detector response and the performance of the subsystems are also presented.
Published: 2017
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10. Online $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn removal by cryogenic distillation in the XENON100 experiment

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, F. Arneodo, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, E. Duchovni, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, D. Franco, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, L. W. Goetzke, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, R. Itay, B. Kaminsky, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, M. Le Calloch, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, Y. Meng, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, B. Miguez, A. Molinario, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, P. Pakarha, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, M.-C. Piro, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, N. Priel, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, N. Rupp, R. Saldanha, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. v. Sivers, A. Stein, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, XENON Collaboration, and I. Cristescu
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We describe the purification of xenon from traces of the radioactive noble gas radon using a cryogenic distillation column. The distillation column was integrated into the gas purification loop of the XENON100 detector for online radon removal. This enabled us to significantly reduce the constant $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn background originating from radon emanation. After inserting an auxiliary $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn emanation source in the gas loop, we determined a radon reduction factor of $$R\,>\,27$$ R > 27 (95% C.L.) for the distillation column by monitoring the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn activity concentration inside the XENON100 detector.
Published: 2017
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11. Removing krypton from xenon by cryogenic distillation to the ppq level

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, F. Arneodo, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, E. Duchovni, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, D. Franco, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, L. W. Goetzke, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, C. Huhmann, R. Itay, B. Kaminsky, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, M. Le Calloch, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, Y. Meng, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, B. Miguez, A. Molinario, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, P. Pakarha, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, M.-C. Piro, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, N. Priel, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, N. Rupp, R. Saldanha, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. v. Sivers, A. Stein, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, I. Cristescu, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Xenon, Krypton, Distillation Column, Weakly Interact Massive Particle, Liquid Xenon, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The XENON1T experiment aims for the direct detection of dark matter in a detector filled with 3.3 tons of liquid xenon. In order to achieve the desired sensitivity, the background induced by radioactive decays inside the detector has to be sufficiently low. One major contributor is the $$\beta $$ β -emitter $$^{85}$$ 85 Kr which is present in the xenon. For XENON1T a concentration of natural krypton in xenon $$\mathrm {^{nat}\mathrm{Kr/Xe}\,
Published: 2017
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12. Double-weak decays of and in the XENON1T and XENONnT experiments

Author: E. Aprile, K. Abe, F. Agostini, S. Ahmed Maouloud, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, B. Andrieu, E. Angelino, J. R. Angevaare, V. C. Antochi, D. Ant??n Martin, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, A. L. Baxter, L. Bellagamba, R. Biondi, A. Bismark, A. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Cai, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, M. Clark, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. J. Cuenca-Garc??a, J. P. Cussonneau, V. D'Andrea, M. P. Decowski, P. Di Gangi, S. Di Pede, A. Di Giovanni, R. Di Stefano, S. Diglio, K. Eitel, A. Elykov, S. Farrell, A. D. Ferella, H. Fischer, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, R. Gaior, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, R. Glade-Beucke, L. Grandi, J. Grigat, M. Guida, A. Higuera, C. Hils, L. Hoetzsch, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, Y. Itow, J. Jakob, F. Joerg, A. Joy, N. Kato, M. Kara, P. Kavrigin, S. Kazama, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, I. Li, S. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, K. Liu, J. Loizeau, F. Lombardi, J. Long, J. A. M. Lopes, Y. Ma, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Mancuso, L. Manenti, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrod??n Undagoitia, K. Martens, J. Masbou, D. Masson, E. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Miuchi, K. Mizukoshi, A. Molinario, S. Moriyama, K. Mor??, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. M??ller, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, B. Paetsch, J. Palacio, R. Peres, J. Pienaar, M. Pierre, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, J. Qi, J. Qin, D. Ram??rez Garc??a, S. Reichard, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, L. Sanchez, J. M. F. dos Santos, I. Sarnoff, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, P. Schulte, H. Schulze Ei??ing, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, F. Semeria, P. Shagin, S. Shi, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, A. Takeda, P. -L. Tan, A. Terliuk, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, F. T??nnies, K. Valerius, G. Volta, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, M. Weiss, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, T. Wolf, Z. Xu, M. Yamashita, L. Yang, J. Ye, L. Yuan, G. Zavattini, S. Zerbo, M. Zhong, T. Zhu, Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Ahmed Maouloud, S., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Ant??n Martin, D., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-Garc??a, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrod??n Undagoitia, T., Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Mor??, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., M??ller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., Ram??rez Garc??a, D., Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Schulze Ei??ing, H., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., T??nnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.
Subjects: Double beta decay
Abstract: We present results on the search for two-neutrino double-electron capture (2νECEC) of 124Xe and neutrinoless double-β decay (0νββ) of 136Xe in XENON1T. We consider captures from the K shell up to the N shell in the 2νECEC signal model and measure a total half-life of T2νECEC1/2=(1.1±0.2stat±0.1sys)×1022yr with a 0.87kgyr isotope exposure. The statistical significance of the signal is 7.0σ. We use XENON1T data with 36.16kgyr of 136Xe exposure to search for 0νββ. We find no evidence of a signal and set a lower limit on the half-life of T0νββ1/2>1.2×1024yrat90%CL. This is the best result from a dark matter detector without an enriched target to date. We also report projections on the sensitivity of XENONnT to 0νββ. Assuming a 275kgyr 136Xe exposure, the expected sensitivity is T0νββ1/2>2.1×1025yrat90%CL, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass range of ⟨mββ⟩
Published: 2022

13. All-Sky-ASTROGAM: a MeV Companion for Multimessenger Astrophysics

Author: Sandro Mereghetti, P. von Balmoos, A. Morselli, R. Walter, A. M. Bykov, G. Ambrosi, Vincent Tatischeff, Irfan Kuvvetli, Lorraine Hanlon, Valentina Fioretti, A. A. Zdziarski, D. Bastieri, M. Mallamaci, Gottfried Kanbach, M. Tavani, S. Brandt, I. A. Grenier, A. De Angelis, A. Argan, P. Laurent, R. Rando, J. Mc Enery, Andrea Bulgarelli, U. Oberlack, Elisa Bernardini, E. Prandini, R. M. Curado da Silva, Koji Nakazawa, M. Hernanz, Andreas Zoglauer, J. Rico, Mosè Mariotti, Mark Pearce, D. H. Hartmann, Mn Mazziotta, Xin Wu, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), All-Sky-ASTROGAM, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Physics, Scintillation, Range (particle radiation), COSMIC cancer database, Calorimeter (particle physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Compton scattering, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Occultation, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], media_common
Abstract: International audience; In the era of multi-messenger astronomy it is of paramount importance to have in space a gamma-ray monitor capable of detecting energetic transients in the energy range from 0.1 MeV to a few hundred MeV, with good imaging capabilities. The All-Sky-ASTROGAM mission proposal aims to place into an L2 orbit a gamma-ray instrument ($\sim$ 100 kg) dedicated to fast detection, localization, and gamma-ray spectroscopy of flaring and merging activity of compact objects in the Universe, with unprecedented sensitivity and polarimetric capability in the MeV range. The instrument is based on the ASTROGAM concept, which combines three detection systems of space-proven technology: a silicon tracker in which the cosmic gamma rays undergo Compton scattering or a pair conversion, a scintillation calorimeter to absorb and measure the energy of the secondary particles, and an anticoincidence system to veto the prompt reaction background induced by charged particles. The gamma-ray imager and the platform will be connected through a boom and will have almost no occultation, making possible a continuous monitoring of every single gamma-ray source in the sky during the entire mission lifetime.
Published: 2019
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14. The XENON1T Data Acquisition System

Author: E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F.D. Amaro, V.C. Antochi, F. Arneodo, D. Barge, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, L. Bellagamba, M.L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, C. Capelli, J.M.R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A.P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J.P. Cussonneau, M.P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A.D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, W. Fulgione, P. Gaemers, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, R. Itay, F. Joerg, S. Kazama, A. Kish, M. Kobayashi, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R.F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J.A.M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, K. Miller, A. Molinario, K. Morå, Y. Mosbacher, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, R. Podviianiuk, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, B. Riedel, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J.M.F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C.D. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, G. Volta, O. Wack, H. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu, J.P. Zopounidis, for the XENON collaboration, M. Pieracci, C. Tintori, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), XENON, Aprile E., Aalbers J., Agostini F., Alfonsi M., Althueser L., Amaro F.D., Antochi V.C., Arneodo F., Barge D., Baudis L., Bauermeister B., Bellagamba L., Benabderrahmane M.L., Berger T., Breur P.A., Brown A., Brown E., Bruenner S., Bruno G., Budnik R., Butikofer L., Capelli C., Cardoso J.M.R., Cichon D., Coderre D., Colijn A.P., Conrad J., Cussonneau J.P., Decowski M.P., De Perio P., Gangi P.D., Giovanni A.D., Diglio S., Elykov A., Eurin G., Fei J., Ferella A.D., Fieguth A., Fulgione W., Gaemers P., Rosso A.G., Galloway M., Gao F., Garbini M., Grandi L., Greene Z., Hasterok C., Hogenbirk E., Howlett J., Iacovacci M., Itay R., Joerg F., Kazama S., Kish A., Kobayashi M., Koltman G., Kopec A., Landsman H., Lang R.F., Levinson L., Lin Q., Lindemann S., Lindner M., Lombardi F., Lopes J.A.M., Fune E.L., MacOlino C., Mahlstedt J., Manfredini A., Marignetti F., Undagoitia T.M., Masbou J., Masson D., Mastroianni S., Messina M., Micheneau K., Miller K., Molinario A., Mora K., Mosbacher Y., Murra M., Naganoma J., Ni K., Oberlack U., Odgers K., Pelssers B., Peres R., Piastra F., Pienaar J., Pizzella V., Plante G., Podviianiuk R., Qiu H., Garcia D.R., Reichard S., Riedel B., Rocchetti A., Rupp N., Santos J.M.F.D., Sartorelli G., Sarcevic N., Scheibelhut M., Schindler S., Schreiner J., Schulte D., Schumann M., Lavina L.S., Selvi M., Shagin P., Shockley E., Silva M., Simgen H., Therreau C., Thers D., Toschi F., Trinchero G., Tunnell C.D., Upole N., Vargas M., Volta G., Wack O., Wang H., Wei Y., Weinheimer C., Wenz D., Wittweg C., Wulf J., Ye J., Zhang Y., Zhu T., Zopounidis J.P., Collaboration F.T.X., Pieracci M., Tintori C., XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Barge, D., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Butikofer, L., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., De Perio, P., Gangi, P. D., Giovanni, A. D., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Rosso, A. G., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., Fune, E. L., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. M., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Mora, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Qiu, H., Garcia, D. R., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Santos, J. M. F. D., Sartorelli, G., Sarcevic, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Lavina, L. S., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C. D., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Collaboration, F. T. X., Pieracci, M., and Tintori, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Data acquisition, Software, Front-end electronics for detector readout, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Data acquisition concept, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Control and monitor systems online, Detector, Bandwidth (signal processing), Data acquisition concepts, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software), business, Energy (signal processing), Computer hardware
Abstract: The XENON1T liquid xenon time projection chamber is the most sensitive detector built to date for the measurement of direct interactions of weakly interacting massive particles with normal matter. The data acquisition system (DAQ) is constructed from commercial, open source, and custom components to digitize signals from the detector and store them for later analysis. The system achieves an extremely low signal threshold below a tenth of a photoelectron using a parallelized readout with the global trigger deferred to a later, software stage. The event identification is based on MongoDB database queries and has over 97% efficiency at recognizing interactions at the analysis energy threshold. A readout bandwidth over 300 MB/s is reached in calibration modes and is further expandable via parallelization. This DAQ system was successfully used during three years of operation of XENON1T., 14 pages, 6 figures, submitted to JINST; Version 2 with minor updates to text
Published: 2019
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15. Observation of two-neutrino double electron capture in 124Xe with XENON1T

Author: Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Anthony, M., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., de Perio, P., di Gangi, P., di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., FULGIONE, VALTER, Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Priel, N., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rizzo, A., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., TRINCHERO, GIAN CARLO, Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Anthony, M., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bauermeister2, B., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., de Perio, P., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Priel, N., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rizzo, A., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu &amp, T., Zopounidis, J. P., E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, V. C. Antochi, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, R. Itay, F. Joerg, B. Kaminsky, S. Kazama, A. Kish, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, K. Miller, A. Molinario, K. Morå, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, R. Podviianiuk, N. Priel, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, B. Riedel, A. Rizzo, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, O. Wack, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu & J. P. Zopounidis, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: electron, Particle physics, Xenon, half-life, Age of the universe, Electron capture, Dark matter, background: model, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, electron: capture, n: thermal, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, weak process, background: low, Neutrino, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, S076H2N, Physics, xenon: liquid, Multidisciplinary, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, iodine, neutrino: Majorana: mass, higher-order: 2, Nuclear structure, double-beta decay, dark matter: detector, energy: calibration, Neutrino, Xenon, half-life, electron, double electron capture, weak process, double electron capture, Orders of magnitude (time), chemistry, Dark Matter detector Electron Capture Low Background Double Beta Decay, xenon: nuclide, target: mass, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, energy spectrum: measured, statistical, acceptance
Abstract: International audience; Two-neutrino double electron capture (2νECEC) is a second-order weak-interaction process with a predicted half-life that surpasses the age of the Universe by many orders of magnitude1. Until now, indications of 2νECEC decays have only been seen for two isotopes2,3,4,5, 78Kr and 130Ba, and instruments with very low background levels are needed to detect them directly with high statistical significance6,7. The 2νECEC half-life is an important observable for nuclear structure models8,9,10,11,12,13,14 and its measurement represents a meaningful step in the search for neutrinoless double electron capture—the detection of which would establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino and would give access to the absolute neutrino mass15,16,17. Here we report the direct observation of 2νECEC in 124Xe with the XENON1T dark-matter detector. The significance of the signal is 4.4 standard deviations and the corresponding half-life of 1.8 × 1022 years (statistical uncertainty, 0.5 × 1022 years; systematic uncertainty, 0.1 × 1022 years) is the longest measured directly so far. This study demonstrates that the low background and large target mass of xenon-based dark-matter detectors make them well suited for measuring rare processes and highlights the broad physics reach of larger next-generation experiments18,19,20.
Published: 2019
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16. First Axion Results from the XENON100 Experiment

Author: Xenon, The Collaboration, Aprile, E., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Arisaka, K., Arneodo, F., Auger, M., Balan, C., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Behrens, A., Beltrame, P., Bokeloh, K., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cardoso, J. M. R., Colijn, A. P., Contreras, H., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., Duchovni, E., Fattori, S., Ferella, A. D., Fulgione, W., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Goetzke, L. W., Grignon, C., Gross, E., Hampel, W., Itay, R., Kaether, F., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Le Calloch, M., Lellouch, D., Levy, C., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lopes, J. A. M., Lung, K., Lyashenko, A., Macmullin, S., Marrodan Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Massoli, F. V., Mayani Paras, D., Melgarejo Fernandez, A. J., Meng, Y., Messina, M., Miguez, B., Molinario, A., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Oberlack, U., Orrigo, S. E. A., Pantic, E., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Plante, G., Priel, N., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Simgen, H., Teymourian, A., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Gian Carlo Trinchero, Vitells, O., Wang, H., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), XENON100, Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), E. Aprile, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, M. Auger, C. Balan, P. Barrow, L. Baudi, B. Bauermeister, A. Behren, P. Beltrame, K. Bokeloh, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, J. M. R. Cardoso, A. P. Colijn, H. Contrera, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Gei, L. W. Goetzke, C. Grignon, E. Gro, W. Hampel, R. Itay, F. Kaether, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, D. Lellouch, C. Levy, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, A. Lyashenko, S. MacMullin, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Mayani Para, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Y. Meng, M. Messina, B. Miguez, A. Molinario, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, G. Plante, N. Priel, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, J. M. F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, and The XENON100 Collaboration
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, dark matter, Xenon, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Assioni, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Axion, Liquid Xenon, Coupling, Coupling constant, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ph, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, chemistry, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the first results of searches for axions and axion-like-particles with the XENON100 experiment. The axion-electron coupling constant, $g_{Ae}$, has been tested by exploiting the axio-electric effect in liquid xenon. A profile likelihood analysis of 224.6 live days $\times$ 34 kg exposure has shown no evidence for a signal. By rejecting $g_{Ae}$, larger than $7.7 \times 10^{-12}$ (90% CL) in the solar axion search, we set the best limit to date on this coupling. In the frame of the DFSZ and KSVZ models, we exclude QCD axions heavier than 0.3 eV/c$^2$ and 80 eV/c$^2$, respectively. For axion-like-particles, under the assumption that they constitute the whole abundance of dark matter in our galaxy, we constrain $g_{Ae}$, to be lower than $1 \times 10^{-12}$ (90% CL) for masses between 5 and 10 keV/c$^2$. We present the first results of searches for axions and axionlike particles with the XENON100 experiment. The axion-electron coupling constant, gAe, has been probed by exploiting the axioelectric effect in liquid xenon. A profile likelihood analysis of 224.6 live days × 34-kg exposure has shown no evidence for a signal. By rejecting gAe larger than 7.7×10-12 (90% C.L.) in the solar axion search, we set the best limit to date on this coupling. In the frame of the DFSZ and KSVZ models, we exclude QCD axions heavier than 0.3 and 80 eV/c2, respectively. For axionlike particles, under the assumption that they constitute the whole abundance of dark matter in our galaxy, we constrain gAe to be lower than 1×10-12 (90% C.L.) for masses between 5 and 10 keV/c2. We present the first results of searches for axions and axion-like-particles with the XENON100 experiment. The axion-electron coupling constant, $g_{Ae}$, has been probed by exploiting the axio-electric effect in liquid xenon. A profile likelihood analysis of 224.6 live days $\times$ 34 kg exposure has shown no evidence for a signal. By rejecting $g_{Ae}$, larger than $7.7 \times 10^{-12}$ (90\% CL) in the solar axion search, we set the best limit to date on this coupling. In the frame of the DFSZ and KSVZ models, we exclude QCD axions heavier than 0.3 eV/c$^2$ and 80 eV/c$^2$, respectively. For axion-like-particles, under the assumption that they constitute the whole abundance of dark matter in our galaxy, we constrain $g_{Ae}$, to be lower than $1 \times 10^{-12}$ (90\% CL) for mass range from 1 to 40 keV/c$^2$, and set the best limit to date as well.
Published: 2014
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17. Directional detection of dark matter with MIMAC

Author: Jacob Lamblin, Bosson, G., Bourrion, O., Guillaudin, O., Mayet, F., Muraz, J. F., Richer, J. P., Riffard, Q., Santos, D., Busto, J., Brunner, J., Fouchez, D., Lebreton, L., Maire, D., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Métrologie et de Dosimétrie des Neutrons (LMDN), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), U. Oberlack, P. Sissol, MIMAC, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire de Métrologie et de Dosimétrie des Neutrons (IRSN/PRP-HOM/SDE/LMDN)
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

18. Response of the XENON100 dark matter detector to nuclear recoils

Author: Aprile, E., Alfonsi, M., Arisaka, K., Arneodo, F., Balan, C., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Behrens, A., Beltrame, P., Bokeloh, K., Brown, A., Brown, E., Brünner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cardoso, J., Chen, W., Choi, B., Colijn, A., Contreras, H., Cussonneau, J., Decowski, M., Duchovni, E., Fattori, S., Ferella, A., Fulgione, W., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Ghag, C., Giboni, K., Goetzke, L., Grignon, C., Gross, E., Hampel, W., Itay, R., Kaether, F., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Lamblin, J., Landsman, H., Lang, R., Calloch, M., Levy, C., Lim, K., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lopes, J., Lung, K., Marrodan Undagoitia, T., Undagoitia, T., Fernandez, A., Meng, Y., Messina, M., Molinario, A., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Orrigo, S., Pantic, E., Persiani, R., Plante, G., Priel, N., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Santos, J., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Lavina, L., Scovell, P., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Simgen, H., Teymourian, A., Thers, D., Vitells, O., Wang, H., Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Schuhmacher, H., Wiegel, B., Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), XENON100, E. Aprile, M. Alfonsi, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, C. Balan, L. Baudi, B. Bauermeister, A. Behren, P. Beltrame, K. Bokeloh, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, J. M. R. Cardoso, W.-T. Chen, B. Choi, A. P. Colijn, H. Contrera, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Gei, C. Ghag, K.-L. Giboni, L. W. Goetzke, C. Grignon, E. Gro, W. Hampel, R. Itay, F. Kaether, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, C. Levy, K. E. Lim, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, F. V. Massoli, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Y. Meng, M. Messina, A. Molinario, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, G. Plante, N. Priel, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, J. M. F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, P. R. Scovell, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, H. Schuhmacher, B. Wiegel, and XENON Collaboration
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Monte Carlo method, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Recoil, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, Scintillation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Neutron source, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Results from the nuclear recoil calibration of the XENON100 dark matter detector installed underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Italy are presented. Data from measurements with an external 241AmBe neutron source are compared with a detailed Monte Carlo simulation which is used to extract the energy dependent charge-yield Qy and relative scintillation efficiency Leff. A very good level of absolute spectral matching is achieved in both observable signal channels - scintillation S1 and ionization S2 - along with agreement in the 2-dimensional particle discrimination space. The results confirm the validity of the derived signal acceptance in earlier reported dark matter searches of the XENON100 experiment., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures. Matches version accepted by PRD. Contains revised representation of expected WIMP event signature. Conclusions remain unaffected
Published: 2013
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19. Limits on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections from 225 live days of XENON100 data

Author: Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, A. Behrens, Ehud Duchovni, E. Pantic, M. Messina, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, M. Garbini, K. Arisaka, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, D. Thers, Boris Bauermeister, R. F. Lang, João Cardoso, K. Lung, A. P. Colijn, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Ch. Weinheimer, Laura Baudis, Hui Wang, F. Gao, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, C. Ghag, C. Levy, M. Selvi, W. T. Chen, J. Lamblin, H. Landsman, Daniel Lellouch, P. R. Scovell, H. Contreras, P. Beltrame, Florian Kaether, Kaixuan Ni, Ran Budnik, F. V. Massoli, A. Molinario, Qing Lin, B. Choi, J.M.F. dos Santos, L. Scotto Lavina, Sebastian Lindemann, S. Rosendahl, S. Fattori, A. Teymourian, N. Priel, C. Balan, W. Hampel, Karl Giboni, W. Fulgione, Ethan Brown, Elena Aprile, F. Arneodo, April S. Brown, Uwe Oberlack, K. E. Lim, Jochen Schreiner, C. Grignon, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, M. Le Calloch, M. Alfonsi, O. Vitells, A. Rizzo, S. E. A. Orrigo, Y. Meng, Giacomo Bruno, G. Sartorelli, M. Weber, G. Plante, Luke Goetzke, K. Bokeloh, E. K. U. Gross, R. Persiani, Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), XENON100, E. Aprile, M. Alfonsi, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, C. Balan, L. Baudi, B. Bauermeister, A. Behren, P. Beltrame, K. Bokeloh, A. Brown, E. Brown, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, J. M. R. Cardoso, W.-T. Chen, B. Choi, A. P. Colijn, H. Contrera, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Ghag, K.-L. Giboni, L. W. Goetzke, C. Grignon, E. Gro, W. Hampel, F. Kaether, A. Kish, J. Lamblin, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, D. Lellouch, C. Levy, K. E. Lim, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, F. V. Massoli, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Y. Meng, M. Messina, A. Molinario, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, G. Plante, N. Priel, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, J. M. F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, P. R. Scovell, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, and XENON100 collaboration
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010306 general physics, Pseudovector, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Spin-½, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Nucleon, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present new experimental constraints on the elastic, spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section using recent data from the XENON100 experiment, operated in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. An analysis of 224.6 live days x 34 kg of exposure acquired during 2011 and 2012 revealed no excess signal due to axial-vector WIMP interactions with 129-Xe and 131-Xe nuclei. This leads to the most stringent upper limits on WIMP-neutron cross sections for WIMP masses above 6 GeV, with a minimum cross section of 3.5 x 10^{-40} cm^2 at a WIMP mass of 45 GeV, at 90% confidence level., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; corrected caption of figure 3
Published: 2013
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20. The distributed Slow Control System of the XENON100 experiment

Author: Y. Mei, E. Pantic, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, F. V. Massoli, Qing Lin, A. Manzur, K. E. Lim, O. Vitells, A. C. C. Ribeiro, Giacomo Bruno, W. Fulgione, A. Rizzo, B. Choi, J. A. M. Lopes, L. Scotto Lavina, A. Kish, Ethan Brown, Gabriella Sartorelli, E. Duchovni, Laura Baudis, W. Hampel, A. D. Ferella, M. Weber, S. E. A. Orrigo, João Cardoso, M. Selvi, F. Gao, G. Plante, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Kaixuan Ni, Ch. Weinheimer, P. Beltrame, R. Persiani, Hui Wang, W. T. Chen, S. Rosendahl, Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, A. Molinario, A. Teymourian, K. Arisaka, H. Simgen, Uwe Oberlack, P. R. Scovell, S. Fattori, Daniel McKinsey, H. Contreras, F. Arneodo, M. Garbini, Eilam Gross, Luke Goetzke, A. Behrens, K. Bokeloh, Y. Meng, Elena Aprile, E. Nativ, Ran Budnik, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, K. Lung, C. Levy, M. Alfonsi, J.M.F. dos Santos, R. F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, Stefan Lindemann, J. Lamblin, J. Schreiner, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, C. Balan, N. Priel, D. Thers, C. Grignon, K. L. Giboni, J. V. Patricio, E Aprile, M Alfonsi, K Arisaka, F Arneodo, C Balan, L Baudi, A Behren, P Beltrame, K Bokeloh, E Brown, G M Bruno, R Budnik, M Le Calloch, J M Cardoso, W -T Chen, B Choi, H Contrera, J -P Cussonneau, M P Decowski, E Duchovni, S Fattori, A D Ferella, W Fulgione, F Gao, M Garbini, K -L Giboni, L W Goetzke, C Grignon, E Gro, W Hampel, D N McKinsey, A Kish, J Lamblin, R F Lang, C Levy, K E Lim, Q Lin, S Lindemann, M Lindner, J A M Lope, K Lung, A Manzur, T Marrodán Undagoitia, F V Massoli, Y Mei, A J Melgarejo Fernandez, Y Meng, A Molinario, E Nativ, K Ni, U Oberlack, S E A Orrigo, E Pantic, J V Patricio, R Persiani, G Plante, N Priel, A C C Ribeiro, A Rizzo, S Rosendahl, J M F dos Santo, G Sartorelli, J Schreiner, M Schumann, L Scotto Lavina, P R Scovell, M Selvi, P Shagin, H Simgen, A Teymourian, D Ther, O Vitell, H Wang, M Weber, C Weinheimer, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), XENON100, IoP (FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, GRAPPA (ITFA, IoP, FNWI), Faculty of Science, and Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, architecture, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Java, Computer science, Real-time computing, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Control and monitor systems online, Control systems, Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, architecture, hardware, algorithms, databases), algorithms, 01 natural sciences, Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, hardware, DETECTOR CONTROL SYSTEMS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], CONTROL SYSTEMS, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, computer.programming_language, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, Emphasis (telecommunications), Volume (computing), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Modular design, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], chemistry, Control system, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, databases), business, computer, System software
Abstract: The XENON100 experiment, in operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, was designed to search for evidence of dark matter interactions inside a volume of liquid xenon using a dual-phase time projection chamber. This paper describes the Slow Control System (SCS) of the experiment with emphasis on the distributed architecture as well as on its modular and expandable nature. The system software was designed according to the rules of Object-Oriented Programming and coded in Java, thus promoting code reusability and maximum flexibility during commissioning of the experiment. The SCS has been continuously monitoring the XENON100 detector since mid 2008, remotely recording hundreds of parameters on a few dozen instruments in real time, and setting emergency alarms for the most important variables., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2012
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21. Dark Matter Results from 100 Live Days of XENON100 Data

Author: K. Arisaka, Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, F. Arneodo, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, G. Sartorelli, K. E. Lim, R. Santorelli, Manfred Lindner, C. W. Lam, K. Bokeloh, S. Fattori, A. Behrens, M. Selvi, J. Lamblin, Eilam Gross, Elena Aprile, David B. Cline, D. Thers, Y. Mei, E. Pantic, R. F. Lang, A. Teymourian, R. Persiani, Ethan Brown, T. Bruch, K. L. Giboni, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, Hongwei Wang, M. Weber, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, C. Levy, Ch. Weinheimer, B. Choi, G. Plante, K. Lung, Laura Baudis, J.M.F. dos Santos, Sebastian Lindemann, Kaixuan Ni, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, S. E. A. Orrigo, A. C. C. Ribeiro, Giacomo Bruno, O. Vitells, Uwe Oberlack, Qing Lin, Ehud Duchovni, A. Askin, João Cardoso, F. Gao, W. T. Chen, E. Aprile, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, A. Askin, L. Baudi, A. Behren, K. Bokeloh, E. Brown, T. Bruch, G. Bruno, J. M. R. Cardoso, W.-T. Chen, B. Choi, D. Cline, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, F. Gao, K.-L. Giboni, E. Gro, A. Kish, C. W. Lam, J. Lamblin, R. F. Lang, C. Levy, K. E. Lim, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, T. Marrodan Undagoitia, Y. Mei, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, K. Ni| U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, G. Plante, A. C. C. Ribeiro, R. Santorelli, J. M. F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, M. Schumann, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and XENON100
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Large Underground Xenon experiment, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, DARK MATTER, Dark matter, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Fermion, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, WIMPS, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], TPC, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present results from the direct search for dark matter with the XENON100 detector, installed underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN, Italy. XENON100 is a two-phase time projection chamber with a 62 kg liquid xenon target. Interaction vertex reconstruction in three dimensions with millimeter precision allows to select only the innermost 48 kg as ultra-low background fiducial target. In 100.9 live days of data, acquired between January and June 2010, no evidence for dark matter is found. Three candidate events were observed in a pre-defined signal region with an expected background of 1.8 +/- 0.6 events. This leads to the most stringent limit on dark matter interactions today, excluding spin-independent elastic WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sections above 7.0x10^-45 cm^2 for a WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c^2 at 90% confidence level., 5 pages, 5 figures; matches accepted version
Published: 2011
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22. Implications on inelastic dark matter from 100 live days of XENON100 data

Author: E. Pantic, Ethan Brown, M. Selvi, David B. Cline, Y. Mei, J.M.F. dos Santos, Hui Wang, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Manfred Lindner, Ch. Weinheimer, B. Choi, A. Behrens, Sebastian Lindemann, Karl Giboni, K. Arisaka, R. Santorelli, F. Arneodo, M. Weber, G. Plante, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, S. Fattori, J. A. M. Lopes, K. Lung, A. Kish, Laura Baudis, A. Teymourian, C. W. Lam, D. Thers, R. F. Lang, A. C. C. Ribeiro, Giacomo Bruno, Elena Aprile, C. Levy, T. Bruch, Kaixuan Ni, K. E. Lim, S. E. A. Orrigo, J. Lamblin, Uwe Oberlack, O. Vitells, Ehud Duchovni, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Qing Lin, A. Askin, João Cardoso, F. Gao, W. T. Chen, Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, G. Sartorelli, R. Persiani, K. Bokeloh, E. K. U. Gross, E. Aprile, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, A. Askin, L. Baudi, A. Behren, K. Bokeloh, E. Brown, T. Bruch, G. Bruno, J. M. R. Cardoso, W.-T. Chen, B. Choi, D. Cline, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, F. Gao, K.-L. Giboni, E. Gro, A. Kish, C. W. Lam, J. Lamblin, R. F. Lang, C. Levy, K. E. Lim, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Y. Mei, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, G. Plante, A. C. C. Ribeiro, R. Santorelli, J. M. F. dos Santo, G Sartorelli, M. Schumann, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and XENON100
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, DARK MATTER, Signal region, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, WIMPS, Nuclear physics, XENON, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], TPC, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The XENON100 experiment has recently completed a dark matter run with 100.9 live-days of data, taken from January to June 2010. Events in a 48kg fiducial volume in the energy range between 8.4 and 44.6 keVnr have been analyzed. A total of three events have been found in the predefined signal region, compatible with the background prediction of (1.8 \pm 0.6) events. Based on this analysis we present limits on the WIMP-nucleon cross section for inelastic dark matter. With the present data we are able to rule out the explanation for the observed DAMA/LIBRA modulation as being due to inelastic dark matter scattering off iodine at a 90% confidence level., Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2011
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23. Dark matter results from 225 live days of XENON100 data

Author: W. Hampel, M. Garbini, J.M.F. dos Santos, J. Lamblin, K. Bokeloh, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, S. Rosendahl, Ethan Brown, M. Selvi, Sebastian Lindemann, Eilam Gross, Boris Bauermeister, P. Beltrame, Jochen Schreiner, Luke Goetzke, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, G. Sartorelli, A. Teymourian, F. Arneodo, Laura Baudis, H. Landsman, M. Le Calloch, J. A. M. Lopes, S. Fattori, Y. Meng, O. Vitells, A. Rizzo, David B. Cline, S. E. A. Orrigo, A. Kish, João Cardoso, K. Arisaka, R. Persiani, L. Scotto Lavina, C. Grignon, K. L. Giboni, H. Contreras, F. Gao, A. Behrens, E. Pantic, C. Balan, D. Thers, Ehud Duchovni, W. T. Chen, K. E. Lim, M. Weber, Auke-Pieter Colijn, R. F. Lang, Uwe Oberlack, Elena Aprile, Kaixuan Ni, E. Nativ, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, G. Plante, B. Choi, Ch. Weinheimer, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, P. R. Scovell, C. Ghag, F. V. Massoli, Qing Lin, M. Alfonsi, K. Lung, A. Molinario, W. Fulgione, Giacomo Bruno, C. Levy, N. Priel, Hui Wang, Florian Kaether, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, Ran Budnik, Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), E. Aprile, M. Alfonsi, K. Arisaka, F. Arneodo, C. Balan, L. Baudi, B. Bauermeister, A. Behren, P. Beltrame, K. Bokeloh, E. Brown, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, J. M. R. Cardoso, W.-T. Chen, B. Choi, D. Cline, A. P. Colijn, H. Contrera, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, E. Duchovni, S. Fattori, A. D. Ferella, W. Fulgione, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Ghag, K.-L. Giboni, L. W. Goetzke, C. Grignon, E. Gro, W. Hampel, F. Kaether, A. Kish, J. Lamblin, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, M. Le Calloch, C. Levy, K. E. Lim, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, J. A. M. Lope, K. Lung, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, F. V. Massoli, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, Y. Meng, A. Molinario, E. Nativ, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, S. E. A. Orrigo, E. Pantic, R. Persiani, G. Plante, N. Priel, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, J. M. F. dos Santo, G. Sartorelli, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, P. R. Scovell, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, H. Simgen, A. Teymourian, D. Ther, O. Vitell, H. Wang, M. Weber, C. Weinheimer, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), and XENON100
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Large Underground Xenon experiment, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, WIMP Argon Programme, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Liquid Xenon, Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, DARK MATTER, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], DAMA/NaI, TPC, PandaX, Direct search for Dark Matter, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We report on a search for particle dark matter with the XENON100 experiment, operated at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) for 13 months during 2011 and 2012. XENON100 features an ultra-low electromagnetic background of (5.3 \pm 0.6) \times 10^-3 events (kg day keVee)^-1 in the energy region of interest. A blind analysis of 224.6 live days \times 34 kg exposure has yielded no evidence for dark matter interactions. The two candidate events observed in the pre-defined nuclear recoil energy range of 6.6-30.5 keVnr are consistent with the background expectation of (1.0 \pm 0.2) events. A Profile Likelihood analysis using a 6.6-43.3 keVnr energy range sets the most stringent limit on the spin-independent elastic WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section for WIMP masses above 8 GeV/c^2, with a minimum of 2 \times 10^-45 cm^2 at 55 GeV/c^2 and 90% confidence level., 6 pages, 5 figures. Matches version accepted by PRL. Includes limits up to 10 TeV/c^2, published as supplementary material: http://prl.aps.org/supplemental/PRL/v109/i18/e181301 Please cite high mass limits as "Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 181301 (2012), online supplementary material."
Published: 2012
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24. First Indication of Solar ^{8}B Neutrinos via Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with XENONnT.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Abe K, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bazyk M, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Boese K, Brown A, Bruno G, Budnik R, Cai C, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cimental Chávez AP, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca-García JJ, D'Andrea V, Daniel Garcia LC, Decowski MP, Deisting A, Di Donato C, Di Gangi P, Diglio S, Eitel K, Elykov A, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Flehmke T, Flierman M, Fulgione W, Fuselli C, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Galloway M, Gao F, Ghosh S, Giacomobono R, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guan H, Guida M, Gyorgy P, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Hood NF, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Kaminaga Y, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koke D, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lin YT, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Liu M, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Luce T, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Melchiorre A, Merz J, Messina M, Michael A, Miuchi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Paetsch B, Pan Y, Pellegrini Q, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Plante G, Pollmann TR, Principe L, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Rajado M, Singh R, Sanchez L, Dos Santos JMF, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shi J, Silva M, Simgen H, Takeda A, Tan PL, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell CD, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Vecchi S, Vetter S, Villazon Solar FI, Volta G, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wu VHS, Xing Y, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, and Zhong M
Abstract: We present the first measurement of nuclear recoils from solar ^{8}B neutrinos via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with the XENONnT dark matter experiment. The central detector of XENONnT is a low-background, two-phase time projection chamber with a 5.9 t sensitive liquid xenon target. A blind analysis with an exposure of 3.51 t×yr resulted in 37 observed events above 0.5 keV, with (26.4_{-1.3}^{+1.4}) events expected from backgrounds. The background-only hypothesis is rejected with a statistical significance of 2.73σ. The measured ^{8}B solar neutrino flux of (4.7_{-2.3}^{+3.6})×10^{6} cm^{-2} s^{-1} is consistent with results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. The measured neutrino flux-weighted CEνNS cross section on Xe of (1.1_{-0.5}^{+0.8})×10^{-39} cm^{2} is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. This is the first direct measurement of nuclear recoils from solar neutrinos with a dark matter detector.
Published: 2024
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25. The XENONnT dark matter experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Abe K, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Balata M, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bazyk M, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brookes EJ, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bui TK, Cai C, Cardoso JMR, Cassese F, Chiarini A, Cichon D, Cimental Chavez AP, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Corrieri R, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, Dadoun O, D'Andrea V, Decowski MP, De Fazio B, Gangi PD, Diglio S, Disdier JM, Douillet D, Eitel K, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Flierman M, Form S, Front D, Fulgione W, Fuselli C, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Rosso AG, Galloway M, Gao F, Gardner R, Garroum N, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guan H, Guerzoni M, Guida M, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Hood NF, Howlett J, Huhmann C, Iacovacci M, Iaquaniello G, Iven L, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Joy A, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martella P, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Mele E, Messina M, Michinelli R, Miuchi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Nisi S, Oberlack U, Orlandi D, Othegraven R, Paetsch B, Palacio J, Parlati S, Paschos P, Pellegrini Q, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Plante G, Pollmann TR, Qi J, Qin J, García DR, Rynge M, Shi J, Singh R, Sanchez L, Santos JMFD, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Stephen J, Stern M, Stillwell BK, Takeda A, Tan PL, Tatananni D, Terliuk A, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Westermann J, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Wu VHS, Xing Y, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhong M, and Zhu T
Abstract: The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.9 tonnes of cryogenic liquid xenon (8.5 tonnes total mass in cryostat). The experiment is expected to extend the sensitivity to WIMP dark matter by more than an order of magnitude compared to XENON1T, thanks to the larger active mass and the significantly reduced background, improved by novel systems such as a radon removal plant and a neutron veto. This article describes the XENONnT experiment and its sub-systems in detail and reports on the detector performance during the first science run., (© The Author(s) 2024.)
Published: 2024
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26. First Dark Matter Search with Nuclear Recoils from the XENONnT Experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Abe K, Agostini F, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bazyk M, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brookes EJ, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bui TK, Cai C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Cimental Chavez AP, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, D'Andrea V, Decowski MP, Di Gangi P, Di Pede S, Diglio S, Eitel K, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Flierman M, Fulgione W, Fuselli C, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guan H, Guida M, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Hood NF, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Joy A, Kato N, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Mizukoshi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Paetsch B, Palacio J, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Pizzella V, Plante G, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Singh R, Sanchez L, Dos Santos JMF, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Takeda A, Tan PL, Terliuk A, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Wu VHS, Xing Y, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhong M, and Zhu T
Abstract: We report on the first search for nuclear recoils from dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with the XENONnT experiment, which is based on a two-phase time projection chamber with a sensitive liquid xenon mass of 5.9 ton. During the (1.09±0.03) ton yr exposure used for this search, the intrinsic ^{85}Kr and ^{222}Rn concentrations in the liquid target are reduced to unprecedentedly low levels, giving an electronic recoil background rate of (15.8±1.3) events/ton yr keV in the region of interest. A blind analysis of nuclear recoil events with energies between 3.3 and 60.5 keV finds no significant excess. This leads to a minimum upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 2.58×10^{-47} cm^{2} for a WIMP mass of 28 GeV/c^{2} at 90% confidence level. Limits for spin-dependent interactions are also provided. Both the limit and the sensitivity for the full range of WIMP masses analyzed here improve on previous results obtained with the XENON1T experiment for the same exposure.
Published: 2023
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27. Searching for Heavy Dark Matter near the Planck Mass with XENON1T.

Author: Aprile E, Abe K, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bazyk M, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brookes EJ, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bui TK, Cai C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Cimental Chavez AP, Clark M, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, D'Andrea V, Decowski MP, Di Gangi P, Di Pede S, Diglio S, Eitel K, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Flierman M, Fulgione W, Fuselli C, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guan H, Guida M, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Hood NF, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Joy A, Kato N, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Mizukoshi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Paetsch B, Palacio J, Pellegrini Q, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Pizzella V, Plante G, Pollmann TR, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Singh R, Sanchez L, Dos Santos JMF, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Takeda A, Tan PL, Terliuk A, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Wu VHS, Xing Y, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhong M, and Zhu T
Abstract: Multiple viable theoretical models predict heavy dark matter particles with a mass close to the Planck mass, a range relatively unexplored by current experimental measurements. We use 219.4 days of data collected with the XENON1T experiment to conduct a blind search for signals from multiply interacting massive particles (MIMPs). Their unique track signature allows a targeted analysis with only 0.05 expected background events from muons. Following unblinding, we observe no signal candidate events. This Letter places strong constraints on spin-independent interactions of dark matter particles with a mass between 1×10^{12} and 2×10^{17} GeV/c^{2}. In addition, we present the first exclusion limits on spin-dependent MIMP-neutron and MIMP-proton cross sections for dark matter particles with masses close to the Planck scale.
Published: 2023
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28. Search for New Physics in Electronic Recoil Data from XENONnT.

Author: Aprile E, Abe K, Agostini F, Ahmed Maouloud S, Althueser L, Andrieu B, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bui TK, Cai C, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Clark M, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, D'Andrea V, Decowski MP, Di Gangi P, Di Pede S, Di Giovanni A, Di Stefano R, Diglio S, Eitel K, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Ferrari C, Fischer H, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Gardner R, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Guida M, Hammann R, Higuera A, Hils C, Hoetzsch L, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Joy A, Kato N, Kara M, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Kuger F, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Li S, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Loizeau J, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Mizukoshi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Müller J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Paetsch B, Palacio J, Paschos P, Peres R, Peters C, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Pizzella V, Plante G, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Sanchez L, Dos Santos JMF, Sarnoff I, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulte P, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shi S, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Stephen J, Takeda A, Tan PL, Terliuk A, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Xu D, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhong M, and Zhu T
Abstract: We report on a blinded analysis of low-energy electronic recoil data from the first science run of the XENONnT dark matter experiment. Novel subsystems and the increased 5.9 ton liquid xenon target reduced the background in the (1, 30) keV search region to (15.8±1.3) events/(ton×year×keV), the lowest ever achieved in a dark matter detector and ∼5 times lower than in XENON1T. With an exposure of 1.16 ton-years, we observe no excess above background and set stringent new limits on solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter.
Published: 2022
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29. Material radiopurity control in the XENONnT experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Abe K, Agostini F, Ahmed Maouloud S, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Antochi VC, Antón Martin D, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Baxter AL, Bellagamba L, Biondi R, Bismark A, Brown A, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Cimmino B, Clark M, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca-García JJ, Cussonneau JP, D'Andrea V, Decowski MP, Gangi PD, Pede SD, Giovanni AD, Stefano RD, Diglio S, Elykov A, Farrell S, Ferella AD, Fischer H, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Galloway M, Gao F, Glade-Beucke R, Grandi L, Grigat J, Higuera A, Hils C, Hiraide K, Hoetzsch L, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Jakob J, Joerg F, Kato N, Kavrigin P, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Li I, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Liu K, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Masson E, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Mizukoshi K, Molinario A, Moriyama S, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Ni K, Oberlack U, Palacio J, Peres R, Pienaar J, Pierre M, Pizzella V, Plante G, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Sanchez L, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Lavina LS, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Takeda A, Tan PL, Terliuk A, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Tönnies F, Valerius K, Volta G, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Westermann J, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Yang L, Ye J, Yuan L, Zavattini G, Zhang Y, Zhong M, Zhu T, Zopounidis JP, Laubenstein M, and Nisi S
Abstract: The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and 222 Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background ( ∼ 17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected 222 Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2 ( - 0.7 + 0.5 ) μ Bq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
Published: 2022
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30. Search for Coherent Elastic Scattering of Solar ^{8}B Neutrinos in the XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Ahmed Maouloud S, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Andaloro S, Antochi VC, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Bellagamba L, Benabderrahmane ML, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Cimmino B, Clark M, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cuenca J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, Depoian A, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Di Stefano R, Diglio S, Elykov A, Ferella AD, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Galloway M, Gao F, Grandi L, Hils C, Hiraide K, Hoetzsch L, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Joerg F, Kato N, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Liang S, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Long J, Lopes JAM, Ma Y, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Mancuso A, Manenti L, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Mizukoshi K, Molinario A, Morå K, Moriyama S, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Odgers K, Palacio J, Pelssers B, Peres R, Pierre M, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Qi J, Qin J, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schulze Eißing H, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Takeda A, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Valerius K, Vargas M, Volta G, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wolf T, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Ye J, Zavattini G, Zhang Y, Zhu T, and Zopounidis JP
Abstract: We report on a search for nuclear recoil signals from solar ^{8}B neutrinos elastically scattering off xenon nuclei in XENON1T data, lowering the energy threshold from 2.6 to 1.6 keV. We develop a variety of novel techniques to limit the resulting increase in backgrounds near the threshold. No significant ^{8}B neutrinolike excess is found in an exposure of 0.6 t×y. For the first time, we use the nondetection of solar neutrinos to constrain the light yield from 1-2 keV nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as well as nonstandard neutrino-quark interactions. Finally, we improve upon world-leading constraints on dark matter-nucleus interactions for dark matter masses between 3 and 11 GeV c^{-2} by as much as an order of magnitude.
Published: 2021
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31. 222 Rn emanation measurements for the XENON1T experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Antochi VC, Angelino E, Angevaare JR, Arneodo F, Barge D, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Bellagamba L, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Cimmino B, Clark M, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, Depoian A, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Di Stefano R, Diglio S, Elykov A, Eurin G, Ferella AD, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gaior R, Rosso AG, Galloway M, Gao F, Grandi L, Garbini M, Hasterok C, Hils C, Hiraide K, Hoetzsch L, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itow Y, Joerg F, Kato N, Kazama S, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, López Fune E, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Manenti L, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Undagoitia TM, Martens K, Masbou J, Masson D, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Miuchi K, Molinario A, Morå K, Moriyama S, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Odgers K, Palacio J, Pelssers B, Peres R, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Qin J, Qiu H, García DR, Reichard S, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Santos JMFD, Sartorelli G, Šarčević N, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schumann M, Lavina LS, Selvi M, Semeria F, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Takeda A, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Vargas M, Volta G, Wack O, Wang H, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Weiss M, Wenz D, Westermann J, Wittweg C, Wulf J, Xu Z, Yamashita M, Ye J, Zavattini G, Zhang Y, Zhu T, and Zopounidis JP
Abstract: The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of utmost importance for the success of low-energy rare event search experiments. Besides radioactive contaminants in the bulk, the emanation of radioactive radon atoms from material surfaces attains increasing relevance in the effort to further reduce the background of such experiments. In this work, we present the 222 Rn emanation measurements performed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Together with the bulk impurity screening campaign, the results enabled us to select the radio-purest construction materials, targeting a 222 Rn activity concentration of 10 μ Bq / kg in 3.2 t of xenon. The knowledge of the distribution of the 222 Rn sources allowed us to selectively eliminate problematic components in the course of the experiment. The predictions from the emanation measurements were compared to data of the 222 Rn activity concentration in XENON1T. The final 222 Rn activity concentration of ( 4.5 ± 0.1 ) μ Bq / kg in the target of XENON1T is the lowest ever achieved in a xenon dark matter experiment., (© The Author(s) 2021.)
Published: 2021
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32. Light Dark Matter Search with Ionization Signals in XENON1T.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Antochi VC, Angelino E, Arneodo F, Barge D, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Bellagamba L, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Depoian A, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Elykov A, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Grandi L, Greene Z, Hasterok C, Hils C, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itay R, Joerg F, Kazama S, Kish A, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, López Fune E, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miller K, Molinario A, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Odgers K, Palacio J, Pelssers B, Peres R, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Podviianiuk R, Qin J, Qiu H, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Riedel B, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Šarčević N, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Upole N, Vargas M, Volta G, Wack O, Wang H, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wulf J, Ye J, Zhang Y, Zhu T, and Zopounidis JP
Abstract: We report constraints on light dark matter (DM) models using ionization signals in the XENON1T experiment. We mitigate backgrounds with strong event selections, rather than requiring a scintillation signal, leaving an effective exposure of (22±3) tonne day. Above ∼0.4 keV_{ee}, we observe <1 event/(tonne day keV_{ee}), which is more than 1000 times lower than in similar searches with other detectors. Despite observing a higher rate at lower energies, no DM or CEvNS detection may be claimed because we cannot model all of our backgrounds. We thus exclude new regions in the parameter spaces for DM-nucleus scattering for DM masses m_{χ} within 3-6 GeV/c^{2}, DM-electron scattering for m_{χ}>30 MeV/c^{2}, and absorption of dark photons and axionlike particles for m_{χ} within 0.186-1 keV/c^{2}.
Published: 2019
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33. Search for Light Dark Matter Interactions Enhanced by the Migdal Effect or Bremsstrahlung in XENON1T.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Antochi VC, Angelino E, Arneodo F, Barge D, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Bellagamba L, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Depoian A, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Elykov A, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gaemers P, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Grandi L, Greene Z, Hasterok C, Hils C, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itay R, Joerg F, Kazama S, Kish A, Kobayashi M, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, López Fune E, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Manenti M, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miller K, Molinario A, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Odgers K, Palacio J, Pelssers B, Peres R, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Podviianiuk R, Qin J, Qiu H, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Riedel B, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Šarčević N, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Upole N, Vargas M, Volta G, Wack O, Wang H, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wulf J, Ye J, Zhang Y, Zhu T, and Zopounidis JP
Abstract: Direct dark matter detection experiments based on a liquid xenon target are leading the search for dark matter particles with masses above ∼5 GeV/c^{2}, but have limited sensitivity to lighter masses because of the small momentum transfer in dark matter-nucleus elastic scattering. However, there is an irreducible contribution from inelastic processes accompanying the elastic scattering, which leads to the excitation and ionization of the recoiling atom (the Migdal effect) or the emission of a bremsstrahlung photon. In this Letter, we report on a probe of low-mass dark matter with masses down to about 85 MeV/c^{2} by looking for electronic recoils induced by the Migdal effect and bremsstrahlung using data from the XENON1T experiment. Besides the approach of detecting both scintillation and ionization signals, we exploit an approach that uses ionization signals only, which allows for a lower detection threshold. This analysis significantly enhances the sensitivity of XENON1T to light dark matter previously beyond its reach.
Published: 2019
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34. Constraining the Spin-Dependent WIMP-Nucleon Cross Sections with XENON1T.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Anthony M, Antochi VC, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Elykov A, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Grandi L, Greene Z, Hasterok C, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itay R, Joerg F, Kazama S, Kish A, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, López Fune E, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Masson D, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miller K, Molinario A, Morå K, Mosbacher Y, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Odgers K, Pelssers B, Piastra F, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Podviianiuk R, Priel N, Qiu H, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Riedel B, Rizzo A, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Šarčević N, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Upole N, Vargas M, Wack O, Wang H, Wang Z, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wulf J, Xu Z, Ye J, Zhang Y, Zhu T, and Zopounidis JP
Abstract: We report the first experimental results on spin-dependent elastic weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) nucleon scattering from the XENON1T dark matter search experiment. The analysis uses the full ton year exposure of XENON1T to constrain the spin-dependent proton-only and neutron-only cases. No significant signal excess is observed, and a profile likelihood ratio analysis is used to set exclusion limits on the WIMP-nucleon interactions. This includes the most stringent constraint to date on the WIMP-neutron cross section, with a minimum of 6.3×10^{-42} cm^{2} at 30 GeV/c^{2} and 90% confidence level. The results are compared with those from collider searches and used to exclude new parameter space in an isoscalar theory with an axial-vector mediator.
Published: 2019
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35. First Results on the Scalar WIMP-Pion Coupling, Using the XENON1T Experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Anthony M, Antochi VC, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Elykov A, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Grandi L, Greene Z, Hasterok C, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Iacovacci M, Itay R, Joerg F, Kaminsky B, Kazama S, Kish A, Koltman G, Kopec A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, López Fune E, Macolino C, Mahlstedt J, Manfredini A, Marignetti F, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Masson D, Mastroianni S, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miller K, Molinario A, Morå K, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Odgers K, Pelssers B, Piastra F, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Podviianiuk R, Priel N, Qiu H, Ramírez García D, Reichard S, Riedel B, Rizzo A, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Šarčević N, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Therreau C, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Upole N, Vargas M, Wack O, Wang H, Wang Z, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wenz D, Wittweg C, Wulf J, Ye J, Zhang Y, Zhu T, Zopounidis JP, Hoferichter M, Klos P, Menéndez J, and Schwenk A
Abstract: We present first results on the scalar coupling of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) to pions from 1 t yr of exposure with the XENON1T experiment. This interaction is generated when the WIMP couples to a virtual pion exchanged between the nucleons in a nucleus. In contrast to most nonrelativistic operators, these pion-exchange currents can be coherently enhanced by the total number of nucleons and therefore may dominate in scenarios where spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interactions are suppressed. Moreover, for natural values of the couplings, they dominate over the spin-dependent channel due to their coherence in the nucleus. Using the signal model of this new WIMP-pion channel, no significant excess is found, leading to an upper limit cross section of 6.4×10^{-46} cm^{2} (90% confidence level) at 30 GeV/c^{2} WIMP mass.
Published: 2019
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36. Dark Matter Search Results from a One Ton-Year Exposure of XENON1T.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Althueser L, Amaro FD, Anthony M, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Capelli C, Cardoso JMR, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Elykov A, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Geis C, Grandi L, Greene Z, Qiu H, Hasterok C, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Itay R, Joerg F, Kaminsky B, Kazama S, Kish A, Koltman G, Landsman H, Lang RF, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, Mahlstedt J, Manfredini A, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Masson D, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miller K, Molinario A, Morå K, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Pelssers B, Piastra F, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Plante G, Podviianiuk R, Priel N, Ramírez García D, Rauch L, Reichard S, Reuter C, Riedel B, Rizzo A, Rocchetti A, Rupp N, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schulte D, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Thers D, Toschi F, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Upole N, Vargas M, Wack O, Wang H, Wang Z, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wittweg C, Wulf J, Ye J, Zhang Y, and Zhu T
Abstract: We report on a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using 278.8 days of data collected with the XENON1T experiment at LNGS. XENON1T utilizes a liquid xenon time projection chamber with a fiducial mass of (1.30±0.01) ton, resulting in a 1.0 ton yr exposure. The energy region of interest, [1.4,10.6] keV_{ee} ([4.9,40.9] keV_{nr}), exhibits an ultralow electron recoil background rate of [82_{-3}^{+5}(syst)±3(stat)] events/(ton yr keV_{ee}). No significant excess over background is found, and a profile likelihood analysis parametrized in spatial and energy dimensions excludes new parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent elastic scatter cross section for WIMP masses above 6 GeV/c^{2}, with a minimum of 4.1×10^{-47} cm^{2} at 30 GeV/c^{2} and a 90% confidence level.
Published: 2018
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37. First Dark Matter Search Results from the XENON1T Experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Amaro FD, Anthony M, Arneodo F, Barrow P, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bütikofer L, Calvén J, Cardoso JMR, Cervantes M, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Gardner R, Geis C, Goetzke LW, Grandi L, Greene Z, Grignon C, Hasterok C, Hogenbirk E, Howlett J, Itay R, Kaminsky B, Kazama S, Kessler G, Kish A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Lellouch D, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lombardi F, Lopes JAM, Manfredini A, Mariş I, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Massoli FV, Masson D, Mayani D, Messina M, Micheneau K, Molinario A, Morå K, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Pakarha P, Pelssers B, Persiani R, Piastra F, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Piro MC, Plante G, Priel N, Rauch L, Reichard S, Reuter C, Riedel B, Rizzo A, Rosendahl S, Rupp N, Saldanha R, Dos Santos JMF, Sartorelli G, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Shockley E, Silva M, Simgen H, Sivers MV, Stein A, Thapa S, Thers D, Tiseni A, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Vargas M, Upole N, Wang H, Wang Z, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wulf J, Ye J, Zhang Y, and Zhu T
Abstract: We report the first dark matter search results from XENON1T, a ∼2000-kg-target-mass dual-phase (liquid-gas) xenon time projection chamber in operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy and the first ton-scale detector of this kind. The blinded search used 34.2 live days of data acquired between November 2016 and January 2017. Inside the (1042±12)-kg fiducial mass and in the [5,40] keV_{nr} energy range of interest for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter searches, the electronic recoil background was (1.93±0.25)×10^{-4} events/(kg×day×keV_{ee}), the lowest ever achieved in such a dark matter detector. A profile likelihood analysis shows that the data are consistent with the background-only hypothesis. We derive the most stringent exclusion limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interaction cross section for WIMP masses above 10 GeV/c^{2}, with a minimum of 7.7×10^{-47} cm^{2} for 35-GeV/c^{2} WIMPs at 90% C.L.
Published: 2017
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38. Search for Electronic Recoil Event Rate Modulation with 4 Years of XENON100 Data.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Amaro FD, Anthony M, Arneodo F, Barrow P, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Benabderrahmane ML, Berger T, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bütikofer L, Calvén J, Cardoso JM, Cervantes M, Cichon D, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Conrad J, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Di Gangi P, Di Giovanni A, Diglio S, Eurin G, Fei J, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Franco D, Fulgione W, Gallo Rosso A, Galloway M, Gao F, Garbini M, Geis C, Goetzke LW, Greene Z, Grignon C, Hasterok C, Hogenbirk E, Itay R, Kaminsky B, Kessler G, Kish A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Lellouch D, Levinson L, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lopes JA, Manfredini A, Maris I, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Massoli FV, Masson D, Mayani D, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miguez B, Molinario A, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Pakarha P, Pelssers B, Persiani R, Piastra F, Pienaar J, Pizzella V, Piro MC, Plante G, Priel N, Rauch L, Reichard S, Reuter C, Rizzo A, Rosendahl S, Rupp N, Dos Santos JM, Sartorelli G, Scheibelhut M, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Silva M, Simgen H, Sivers MV, Stein A, Thers D, Tiseni A, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Wang H, Wei Y, Weinheimer C, Wulf J, Ye J, and Zhang Y
Abstract: We report on a search for electronic recoil event rate modulation signatures in the XENON100 data accumulated over a period of 4 yr, from January 2010 to January 2014. A profile likelihood method, which incorporates the stability of the XENON100 detector and the known electronic recoil background model, is used to quantify the significance of periodicity in the time distribution of events. There is a weak modulation signature at a period of 431_{-14}^{+16} day in the low energy region of (2.0-5.8) keV in the single scatter event sample, with a global significance of 1.9σ; however, no other more significant modulation is observed. The significance of an annual modulation signature drops from 2.8σ, from a previous analysis of a subset of this data, to 1.8σ with all data combined. Single scatter events in the low energy region are thus used to exclude the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation as being due to dark matter electron interactions via axial vector coupling at 5.7σ.
Published: 2017
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39. Search for Event Rate Modulation in XENON100 Electronic Recoil Data.

Author: Aprile E, Aalbers J, Agostini F, Alfonsi M, Anthony M, Arazi L, Arisaka K, Arneodo F, Balan C, Barrow P, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Breur PA, Brown A, Brown E, Bruenner S, Bruno G, Budnik R, Bütikofer L, Cardoso JM, Cervantes M, Coderre D, Colijn AP, Contreras H, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, de Perio P, Di Giovanni A, Duchovni E, Fattori S, Ferella AD, Fieguth A, Fulgione W, Gao F, Garbini M, Geis C, Goetzke LW, Grignon C, Gross E, Hampel W, Hasterok C, Itay R, Kaether F, Kaminsky B, Kessler G, Kish A, Landsman H, Lang RF, Le Calloch M, Lellouch D, Levinson L, Levy C, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lopes JA, Lyashenko A, Macmullin S, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Masbou J, Massoli FV, Mayani D, Melgarejo Fernandez AJ, Meng Y, Messina M, Micheneau K, Miguez B, Molinario A, Murra M, Naganoma J, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orrigo SE, Pakarha P, Persiani R, Piastra F, Pienaar J, Plante G, Priel N, Rauch L, Reichard S, Reuter C, Rizzo A, Rosendahl S, Dos Santos JM, Sartorelli G, Schindler S, Schreiner J, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Selvi M, Shagin P, Simgen H, Teymourian A, Thers D, Tiseni A, Trinchero G, Tunnell C, Wall R, Wang H, Weber M, Weinheimer C, and Zhang Y
Abstract: We have searched for periodic variations of the electronic recoil event rate in the (2-6) keV energy range recorded between February 2011 and March 2012 with the XENON100 detector, adding up to 224.6 live days in total. Following a detailed study to establish the stability of the detector and its background contributions during this run, we performed an unbinned profile likelihood analysis to identify any periodicity up to 500 days. We find a global significance of less than 1σ for all periods, suggesting no statistically significant modulation in the data. While the local significance for an annual modulation is 2.8σ, the analysis of a multiple-scatter control sample and the phase of the modulation disfavor a dark matter interpretation. The DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation interpreted as a dark matter signature with axial-vector coupling of weakly interacting massive particles to electrons is excluded at 4.8σ.
Published: 2015
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40. Limits on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections from 225 live days of XENON100 data.

Author: Aprile E, Alfonsi M, Arisaka K, Arneodo F, Balan C, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Behrens A, Beltrame P, Bokeloh K, Brown A, Brown E, Bruno G, Budnik R, Cardoso JM, Chen WT, Choi B, Colijn AP, Contreras H, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, Duchovni E, Fattori S, Ferella AD, Fulgione W, Gao F, Garbini M, Ghag C, Giboni KL, Goetzke LW, Grignon C, Gross E, Hampel W, Kaether F, Kish A, Lamblin J, Landsman H, Lang RF, Le Calloch M, Lellouch D, Levy C, Lim KE, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lopes JA, Lung K, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Massoli FV, Melgarejo Fernandez AJ, Meng Y, Messina M, Molinario A, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orrigo SE, Pantic E, Persiani R, Plante G, Priel N, Rizzo A, Rosendahl S, dos Santos JM, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Scovell PR, Selvi M, Shagin P, Simgen H, Teymourian A, Thers D, Vitells O, Wang H, Weber M, and Weinheimer C
Abstract: We present new experimental constraints on the elastic, spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section using recent data from the XENON100 experiment, operated in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. An analysis of 224.6 live days×34 kg of exposure acquired during 2011 and 2012 revealed no excess signal due to axial-vector WIMP interactions with 129Xe and 131Xe nuclei. This leads to the most stringent upper limits on WIMP-neutron cross sections for WIMP masses above 6 GeV/c², with a minimum cross section of 3.5×10(-40) cm² at a WIMP mass of 45 GeV/c², at 90% confidence level.
Published: 2013
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41. Dark matter results from 225 live days of XENON100 data.

Author: Aprile E, Alfonsi M, Arisaka K, Arneodo F, Balan C, Baudis L, Bauermeister B, Behrens A, Beltrame P, Bokeloh K, Brown E, Bruno G, Budnik R, Cardoso JM, Chen WT, Choi B, Cline D, Colijn AP, Contreras H, Cussonneau JP, Decowski MP, Duchovni E, Fattori S, Ferella AD, Fulgione W, Gao F, Garbini M, Ghag C, Giboni KL, Goetzke LW, Grignon C, Gross E, Hampel W, Kaether F, Kish A, Lamblin J, Landsman H, Lang RF, Le Calloch M, Levy C, Lim KE, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lopes JA, Lung K, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Massoli FV, Melgarejo Fernandez AJ, Meng Y, Molinario A, Nativ E, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orrigo SE, Pantic E, Persiani R, Plante G, Priel N, Rizzo A, Rosendahl S, dos Santos JM, Sartorelli G, Schreiner J, Schumann M, Scotto Lavina L, Scovell PR, Selvi M, Shagin P, Simgen H, Teymourian A, Thers D, Vitells O, Wang H, Weber M, and Weinheimer C
Abstract: We report on a search for particle dark matter with the XENON100 experiment, operated at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso for 13 months during 2011 and 2012. XENON100 features an ultralow electromagnetic background of (5.3 ± 0.6) × 10(-3) events/(keV(ee) × kg × day) in the energy region of interest. A blind analysis of 224.6 live days × 34 kg exposure has yielded no evidence for dark matter interactions. The two candidate events observed in the predefined nuclear recoil energy range of 6.6-30.5 keV(nr) are consistent with the background expectation of (1.0 ± 0.2) events. A profile likelihood analysis using a 6.6-43.3 keV(nr) energy range sets the most stringent limit on the spin-independent elastic weakly interacting massive particle-nucleon scattering cross section for weakly interacting massive particle masses above 8 GeV/c(2), with a minimum of 2 × 10(-45) cm(2) at 55 GeV/c(2) and 90% confidence level.
Published: 2012
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42. Dark matter results from 100 live days of XENON100 data.

Author: Aprile E, Arisaka K, Arneodo F, Askin A, Baudis L, Behrens A, Bokeloh K, Brown E, Bruch T, Bruno G, Cardoso JM, Chen WT, Choi B, Cline D, Duchovni E, Fattori S, Ferella AD, Gao F, Giboni KL, Gross E, Kish A, Lam CW, Lamblin J, Lang RF, Levy C, Lim KE, Lin Q, Lindemann S, Lindner M, Lopes JA, Lung K, Undagoitia TM, Mei Y, Fernandez AJ, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orrigo SE, Pantic E, Persiani R, Plante G, Ribeiro AC, Santorelli R, dos Santos JM, Sartorelli G, Schumann M, Selvi M, Shagin P, Simgen H, Teymourian A, Thers D, Vitells O, Wang H, Weber M, and Weinheimer C
Abstract: We present results from the direct search for dark matter with the XENON100 detector, installed underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN, Italy. XENON100 is a two-phase time-projection chamber with a 62 kg liquid xenon target. Interaction vertex reconstruction in three dimensions with millimeter precision allows the selection of only the innermost 48 kg as the ultralow background fiducial target. In 100.9 live days of data, acquired between January and June 2010, no evidence for dark matter is found. Three candidate events were observed in the signal region with an expected background of (1.8 ± 0.6) events. This leads to the most stringent limit on dark matter interactions today, excluding spin-independent elastic weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) nucleon scattering cross sections above 7.0 × 10(-45) cm(2) for a WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c(2) at 90% confidence level.
Published: 2011
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43. Search for light dark matter in XENON10 data.

Author: Angle J, Aprile E, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bernstein A, Bolozdynya AI, Coelho LC, Dahl CE, DeViveiros L, Ferella AD, Fernandes LM, Fiorucci S, Gaitskell RJ, Giboni KL, Gomez R, Hasty R, Kastens L, Kwong J, Lopes JA, Madden N, Manalaysay A, Manzur A, McKinsey DN, Monzani ME, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orboeck J, Plante G, Santorelli R, dos Santos JM, Schulte S, Shagin P, Shutt T, Sorensen P, Winant C, and Yamashita M
Subjects: Humans, Light, Photons, Scattering, Radiation, Cosmic Radiation, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Electrons, Nuclear Physics
Abstract: We report results of a search for light (≲10 GeV) particle dark matter with the XENON10 detector. The event trigger was sensitive to a single electron, with the analysis threshold of 5 electrons corresponding to 1.4 keV nuclear recoil energy. Considering spin-independent dark matter-nucleon scattering, we exclude cross sections σ(n)>7×10(-42) cm(2), for a dark matter particle mass m(χ)=7 GeV. We find that our data strongly constrain recent elastic dark matter interpretations of excess low-energy events observed by CoGeNT and CRESST-II, as well as the DAMA annual modulation signal.
Published: 2011
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44. First dark matter results from the XENON100 experiment.

Author: Aprile E, Arisaka K, Arneodo F, Askin A, Baudis L, Behrens A, Bokeloh K, Brown E, Cardoso JM, Choi B, Cline DB, Fattori S, Ferella AD, Giboni KL, Kish A, Lam CW, Lamblin J, Lang RF, Lim KE, Lopes JA, Marrodán Undagoitia T, Mei Y, Melgarejo Fernandez AJ, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orrigo SE, Pantic E, Plante G, Ribeiro AC, Santorelli R, Dos Santos JM, Schumann M, Shagin P, Teymourian A, Thers D, Tziaferi E, Wang H, and Weinheimer C
Abstract: The XENON100 experiment, in operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, is designed to search for dark matter weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) scattering off 62 kg of liquid xenon in an ultralow background dual-phase time projection chamber. In this Letter, we present first dark matter results from the analysis of 11.17 live days of nonblind data, acquired in October and November 2009. In the selected fiducial target of 40 kg, and within the predefined signal region, we observe no events and hence exclude spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections above 3.4 × 10⁻⁴⁴ cm² for 55 GeV/c² WIMPs at 90% confidence level. Below 20 GeV/c², this result constrains the interpretation of the CoGeNT and DAMA signals as being due to spin-independent, elastic, light mass WIMP interactions.
Published: 2010
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45. Limits on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections from the XENON10 experiment.

Author: Angle J, Aprile E, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bernstein A, Bolozdynya A, Coelho LC, Dahl CE, DeViveiros L, Ferella AD, Fernandes LM, Fiorucci S, Gaitskell RJ, Giboni KL, Gomez R, Hasty R, Kastens L, Kwong J, Lopes JA, Madden N, Manalaysay A, Manzur A, McKinsey DN, Monzani ME, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orboeck J, Plante G, Santorelli R, dos Santos JM, Shagin P, Shutt T, Sorensen P, Schulte S, Winant C, and Yamashita M
Abstract: XENON10 is an experiment to directly detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which may comprise the bulk of the nonbaryonic dark matter in our Universe. We report new results for spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon interactions with 129Xe and 131Xe from 58.6 live days of operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Based on the nonobservation of a WIMP signal in 5.4 kg of fiducial liquid xenon mass, we exclude previously unexplored regions in the theoretically allowed parameter space for neutralinos. We also exclude a heavy Majorana neutrino with a mass in the range of approximately 10 GeV/c2-2 TeV/c2 as a dark matter candidate under standard assumptions for its density and distribution in the galactic halo.
Published: 2008
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46. First results from the XENON10 dark matter experiment at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory.

Author: Angle J, Aprile E, Arneodo F, Baudis L, Bernstein A, Bolozdynya A, Brusov P, Coelho LC, Dahl CE, DeViveiros L, Ferella AD, Fernandes LM, Fiorucci S, Gaitskell RJ, Giboni KL, Gomez R, Hasty R, Kastens L, Kwong J, Lopes JA, Madden N, Manalaysay A, Manzur A, McKinsey DN, Monzani ME, Ni K, Oberlack U, Orboeck J, Plante G, Santorelli R, dos Santos JM, Shagin P, Shutt T, Sorensen P, Schulte S, Winant C, and Yamashita M
Abstract: The XENON10 experiment at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory uses a 15 kg xenon dual phase time projection chamber to search for dark matter weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). The detector measures simultaneously the scintillation and the ionization produced by radiation in pure liquid xenon to discriminate signal from background down to 4.5 keV nuclear-recoil energy. A blind analysis of 58.6 live days of data, acquired between October 6, 2006, and February 14, 2007, and using a fiducial mass of 5.4 kg, excludes previously unexplored parameter space, setting a new 90% C.L. upper limit for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of 8.8x10(-44) cm2 for a WIMP mass of 100 GeV/c2, and 4.5x10(-44) cm2 for a WIMP mass of 30 GeV/c2. This result further constrains predictions of supersymmetric models.
Published: 2008
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