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Aging brings changes in body composition that involve the gradual loss of lean mass and increase in fat mass. Vitamin A intake and status might influence adiposity in young people. However, the Brazilian elderly have a high prevalence of inadequate intake of this vitamin. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the usual intake of vitamin A and the body composition of the elderly in the community. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with men and women aged equal or over 60 years who actively participate in the community. Anthropometric assessments were performed (weight, height, waist and calf circumference), body composition assessment by bioelectrical impedance, and food intake assessment using a 24-hour recall. About 88.7% of the sample were above the adequate percentage of body fat. No correlation was found between the intake of vitamin A (μg/R.A.E) and a body composition of the elderly. Inadequate consumption of vitamins A (> 90%), in addition to vitamin B6 and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper and selenium (> 80%), was also observed. A high inadequacy of dietary intake of vitamin A was found in the elderly, which might be associated with excessive body fat indices in the studied sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major marker of aging, and alterations in the structure or content of cardiolipin (CL), a phospholipid unique to mitochondria, are thought to contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased physical performance. Exercise induces upregulation of CL levels and improves physical fitness, however, current studies reported in the literature addressing the effects of exercise interventions on cardiolipin biosynthesis are inconsistent, and the improved outcomes of different intervention protocols and cycles are controversial. Therefore, a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis were performed in this study to evaluate the effect of exercise training on CL biosynthesis. A literature search based on electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORT Discus, and EBSCO host) was performed and the final literature was identified based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used to evaluate the quality of the literature based on the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool and meta-analysis was performed, and Stata 17.0 software was used for sensitivity analysis. A total of 1037 articles were screened, of which 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the fixed-effects meta-analysis showed that exercise significantly promoted CL biosynthesis compared to pre-intervention (SMD:0.62, 95%CI: 0.30–0.94). In subgroup analysis, the duration of exercise < 16 weeks (SMD: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.09–1.25) and ≥ 16 weeks (SMD: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.21–0.98), single exercise intervention (SMD: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.30–1.08) and combined exercise and calorie restriction intervention (SMD: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.16–1.33) all had significant promoting effects on CL biosynthesis. The findings of this study indicate that exercise training can significantly increases human skeletal muscle CL levels regardless of the duration of exercise or the type of exercise intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ambiguity is ubiquitous in language; lexical ambiguity refers to instances where a single word has multiple meanings. The current investigation examined homonyms, words that have the same orthography and pronunciation in English but multiple meanings (e.g., BANK, meaning "financial institution" or "river's edge"). The processing of homonyms requires the engagement of executive control processes, for example, to select the appropriate meaning of the homonym while reducing interference from other meanings. Executive function processes are known to change over the lifespan and may be impacted by experiential factors such as bilingualism. The present study uses event-related brain potentials as an index of lexical access to examine whether bilingualism influences homonym processing in older adults. The results indicate that patterns of lexical access differ as a function of bilingual status in older adults and compared to young adults, suggesting that language experience may moderate language processing in both young and older adults, at least in situations where language processing is demanding on executive function, such as in the processing of homonyms. Importantly, we show that older bilinguals show a somewhat similar pattern of ambiguity processing as their younger counterparts, while age differences were observed in monolinguals when comparing across studies. This suggests that bilingual language experience may have a mitigating impact on age-related changes in ambiguity processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article examines an understudied dimension of transnational mobilities and ageing: namely, the experiences of ageing parents who take on short-term informal jobs during their extended visits to their migrant offspring abroad. Based on ethnographic research with ageing parents in Brazil and their accounts of short-term (visitor) transnational mobilities and paid work in the United States, where their children have emigrated, the article examines how older parents on a visitor ('tourist') visa take on short-term jobs and how their work and earnings abroad make them feel empowered. The article draws on a spatio-temporal analytical framework to discuss how migrants' temporal and spatial journeys are shaped by their ability to mobilize resources such as trusted transnational networks and translate these into transnational spaces of opportunity. The article concludes that through these specific configurations of time and space older adults are able to make use of their own work to improve livelihoods for themselves and their families, which they recount as enabling and empowering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans le champ du vieillissement, la recherche actuelle se concentre peu sur l'identité sexuée souvent supposée comme inexistante, notamment dans le très grand âge. Notre objectif est de cibler si elle est encore véritablement opérante, à ce moment, mais aussi de cerner les éventuelles vicissitudes rencontrées. À partir d'un accompagnement psychothérapique réalisé chez une personne nonagénaire en EHPAD, par un psychologue clinicien, sur une durée d'un mois et demi, à la fréquence de deux entretiens hebdomadaires, différentes vignettes ayant une visée descriptive vont retracer ces rencontres. Puis dans l'après-coup, une réflexion nous permet alors de saisir les différentes caractéristiques psychiques exprimées chez cette personne. Certaines modifications peuvent se révéler soudaines et déstabilisantes, relevant davantage d'un trouble éprouvé. En effet, présentant une certaine forme de repli sur soi, le résident va énoncer ne plus se reconnaître dans son identité sexuée avec l'apparition d'un nouvel attrait provoquant une grande souffrance psychique. Celle-ci est d'abord vécue comme intrusive. Elle vient remettre en cause également son rôle social, qu'il soit au sein de sa famille ou encore même dans ses relations amicales et, plus intimement, dans son rapport à lui-même. Le dénouement de cet accompagnement permet de mettre en exergue des mobiles inconscients se manifestant dans ce nouvel attrait. Aging is often perceived as a degenerative process in which the elderly must adapt to a series of degradations. As the population grows older, the field of psychology focuses more on the social and physical aspects of aging than of those of a more psychical nature. In older adulthood, a very particular context appears with the scarcity of social ties, and physical modifications due to advanced age. These bring about profound identity reorganization. However, current aging research focuses little on sexual identity, which is often assumed to be non-existent, especially in old age. Our objective is to examine whether it indeed exists in later adulthood, and if so, to identify the possible trials and tribulations that the elderly encounter therein. This research is based on a clinical case study of a nonagenarian man in a retirement home. A clinical psychologist accompanied the subject over a period of six weeks, with two weekly interviews, the transcriptions of which make up different descriptive vignettes. Afterwards, a reflection allows us to grasp the different psychical characteristics expressed by this resident. Two approaches will guide us in our method of analysis. The first is phenomenological; it remains an interesting reference as it aims to establish an absence of any presuppositions, ensuring a certain neutrality on the part of the researcher, while leaving room for participation in observation and introspection. In addition, succeeding the latter, the method of psychoanalytic inquiry provides the framework for analysis, bringing about a theoretical-clinical articulation to identify and describe the different psychical processes. The words of a nonagenarian man shed light on one of the possible destinies of sexual identification in very old age. Some changes can be sudden and destabilizing, reflecting feelings of confusion. Indeed, presenting a certain form of withdrawal, the resident states that he no longer recognizes himself in his sexual identity with the appearance of a new sexual attraction, causing great psychical suffering. This is first experienced as intrusive. It also calls into question his social identity, both within his family, and even within his circle of friends, and more intimately in his relationship with himself. This therapeutic accompaniment makes it possible to highlight unconscious motives that manifest themselves in this new sexual attraction. The identification of the latter puts an end to this period of confusion, the resident is then able to identify the origin of the episode. The emphasis on certain constants during this trying moment bring about an experience of an identical identity despite what he had thought. This accompaniment concluded with a certain sense of peace and continuity. The clinical setting makes it possible to question the notion of identity, both through psychoanalytic inquiry, and Butler's theoretical conception, which challenges the previous ideas about identity. This theoretical questioning of the clinic enables us to clarify and redefine a possible dynamic of sexual identity in its unconscious perspective. Finally, we put this study in perspective with previous research, and suggest new avenues of investigation to be explored in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Depuis la découverte de l'ADN comme support de l'information génétique, le challenge pour des générations de chercheurs en sciences du vivant a été de comprendre les mécanismes allant du gène au phénotype. Dans les années 50, le concept d'épigénétique dérivé du terme « épigenèse » est défini par le biologiste britannique Conrad H. Waddington comme discipline d'étude des mécanismes d'interactions gène-environnement gouvernant le développement d'un organisme. Le terme épigénétique qui en découle, désormais défini comme « au-dessus de la séquence d'ADN », détermine la façon dont les gènes déterminent les caractères. L'étude de ces processus a permis de comprendre la régulation du génome et des voies biologiques qu'elle coordonne. Nous discuterons ici les grands principes régulant les processus épigénétiques, leurs rôles en physiologie, leur évolution au cours de la vie et leur implication en médecine. Since the discovery of DNA as the support of genetic information, the challenge for generations of life scientists was to understand the mechanisms underlying the process that translate the sequence of a gene to a phenotype. In the 1950s, the concept of epigenetics was defined by the British biologist Conrad H. Waddington as the study of "epigenesis" that governs the biological processes involved in the development of any organism. The term epigenetics, now best defined as "above the DNA sequence" reflects the gene-environment interactions by which genes determine traits. Since, its first description, studies underlying the mechanisms involved in these processes has led to an increasing understanding of the regulation all genome transactions such as transcription, replication, repair and the biological pathways coordinated by these mechanisms. We will discuss here the main principles regulating epigenetic processes, their roles in physiology, their evolution over the life time and their implications in medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Aequitas: Journal of Human Development, Disability & Social Change / Revue de Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social is the property of Reseau international sur le Processus de production du handicap, RIPPH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Drawing from a human development framework, this paper uses the 2014 and 2016 waves of the longitudinal Health and Retirement Study (HRS) with contextual data from the American Community Survey (ACS) and classification scales of the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture to examine whether county-level rural and non-rural status is associated with changes in life satisfaction and perceived decrease in health among U.S. residents aged 65 and older. Controlling for individual declines in function (cognition, gross motor function and/or fine motor function), other individual characteristics, and additional county-level characteristics, we find that functional decline has a relationship to perceived health change and life satisfaction, but that the most substantial community and individual level characteristics are related to health not life satisfaction. Aside from the walkability of the county, no other county characteristics were predictive of change in life satisfaction. We calculate that the average predicted probability that someone experienced a decrease in health was highest (0.32) among older adults who experienced functional decline and who live in a rural county. This offers useful context for communities, and we discuss the implications for these findings as they relate to understanding how functional decline may be experienced differently for older adults across different types of places and what this may mean about the experience of disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) often remain dependent on parental support as they transition into adulthood, this study sought to understand the lived realities of maternal caregivers to adult children with ASD-ID. Ten mothers of adult children with ASD-ID completed semi-structured interviews. Inductive thematic analysis resulted in three themes related to the uncertainties experienced by mothers of adult children with ASD-ID: (1) aging as a caregiver, (2) residence considerations, and (3) importance of permanency planning. Such uncertainties resulted from mothers simultaneously navigating their own aging process and the continued dependency of their child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burns in the elderly are a public health concern. This study aimed to analyze etiology, clinical characteristics, and independent risk factors for outcomes of burns in elderly patients. This retrospective study included elderly patients (65 years and over) admitted to a major burn unit between 2006 and 2016. Demographic data, clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. One hundred and thirty patients were included. Most were female (56.2%) and the highest incidence was among those aged 75-84 years. The median burn area was 10.5%. The incidence in winter (50%) was higher (p<0.001) and flame burns predominated (p<0.001). The mortality rate was 32.3%. Independent risk factors for death were older age, larger extent burns, need for escharotomy, and cardiac disease as comorbidity. Amongst the survivors, the median length of stay was 36 days. Development of pressure sores, need for skin grafts, larger extent burns, presence of full-thickness burns, and cardiac disease were shown to be significantly associated with increased length of stay amongst survivors. Preventive measures should target women aged between 75-84 years. Flame burns occurred more frequently in winter. Prognosis is related to age, extent of burns, need for escharotomy at admission, and cardiac disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review explains how exercise can prevent the neurodegeneration and addresses the important role of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as an indicator of symptoms of ageing brain dysfunction. In addition, it explains the cellular and molecular mechanisms of exercise on regulation of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in brain, that it's dysregulation appears in many pathological conditions. It is known that mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with upregulation of reactive oxygen species, has vital role in various neurodegenerative disorder. Neurotrophins factor have numerous beneficial effects on neuroplasticity and neurosurvival and the goal of many drug therapies is to increase neurotrophins. Unfortunately, pharmacological methods are time consuming and costly, and, after a while drug resistance develops. Exercise as an adjunct intervention has promising results but various factors affect the results that should be carefully investigated in the studies. Exercise can increase brain mitochondrial biogenesis and attenuates effects of the ageing process on the brain. Regulation of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor by exercise is related to antidepressant effects and enhance of cognitive function and mitochondrial capacity that negates the ageing dysfunctions. The mechanisms of exercise-induced adaptations in neurodegenerative dysfunctions remain undiscovered and assesses the effect of exercise on neurodysfunction has encountered many difficulties. Therefore, further studies are needed to resolve existing inconsistencies. However, there is a positive relationship between regular exercise and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulation, which can prevent or reduce symptoms of brain diseases, especially in ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) and the effect of age and gender in healthy Africans using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Materials and Methods: In 172 eyes of 88 volunteers, the CT in the central subfoveal (CSF) area and at 2.5 mm superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants was measured. Four eyes were excluded due to poor image quality and image decentration. Simple linear regression was used to measure the effect of age on CT, and statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. Results: The were 88 male and 84 female eyes, aged 30-80 years. The mean CT was CSF 265.44 ± 6.2 µm; inferior 256.19 ± 70.6 µm; superior 249.92 ± 76.2 µm; temporal 235.51 ± 70.3 µm; and nasal 199.53 ± 69.8 µm. The choroid was thickest in the CSF > Inferior > Superior > Temporal, and the nasal quadrant was thinnest in all age groups. There was a considerable decrease in the CSF with increasing age (P < 0.001). CT in males and females was similar since the difference in mean CSF CT between the genders was 2.085 µm (P = 0.858). Menopausal females had thinner CSF CT compared to premenopausal females (P < 0.001), but this was due to the aging effect. Conclusion: CT decreases significantly with increasing age but shows no gender difference in Africans. A comparison of CT studies from other ethnic nationalities shows some similarity with CT in Africans, suggesting that CT findings from other ethnic groups can be extrapolated to Africans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Changes brought about by globalization such as the growth of the travel industry and increasing interconnectivity between places have opened up new lifestyle options for Canadian retirees. Commonly called "snowbirds," thousands of Canadian retirees choose to spend their winters in warm destinations outside Canada, with most going to localities in the southern United States. Most snowbirds visit the same place every year and spend many years going back and forth between Canada and their chosen winter destination. Drawing on insights from both life‐course theory and the new mobilities paradigm, this paper considers how the cross‐border snowbird phenomenon links to wider processes related to aging. Qualitative interviews were conducted with retirees wintering in various communities in southern Florida. The findings of the study highlight the importance of understanding both aging and mobility as processes that intersect in variable ways over time to influence new geographies of aging. Key Messages: Globalization has led to increasingly complex mobility patterns among retired Canadians.New theoretical perspectives are needed to better understand evolving relationships between aging and cross‐border mobility.The mobility patterns of aging Canadians have important impacts on both sending and receiving communities and efforts must be made to understand emerging trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

De tout temps, la beauté s’enracine et se dessine autour de représentations en vertu du précepte selon lequel : « l’homme cherche un élixir de la jeunesse, qui lui garantirait une vie sans fin et en bonne santé » (Cernat et Birman, 2018 : 129). Alors que l’espérance de vie est sans précédent, le marketing semble être un clin d’œil d’une nouvelle beauté normée du vieillissement en décalage avec la réalité sociale contemporaine. C’est dans un genre littéraire authentique, à partir de l’histoire de l’auteure qu’elle va tenter d’identifier des éléments saillants de ses expériences pour répondre à la question : comment devient-on modèle vivant ? Ses autres facettes vont l’amener à établir des correspondances avec des concepts majoritairement sociologiques mais aussi en marketing en vue de tirer des enseignements pragmatiques quant à sa marque « porteuse de sens ». Cette communication a pour objectif de discuter autour de la thématique du « modèle vivant » avec des signifiants qui oscillent entre : la beauté, le stigmate et les corporalités, de la jeunesse au vieillissement.

Daphnia pulex is a natural food widely used in aquaculture, and S6K plays an important role in protein translation and ageing. To explore the function of S6K in the ageing process of D. pulex , we cloned and analysed the full-length cDNA of S6K. With the growth of D. pulex , the expression of S6K mRNA first increased, then peaked at 10 days, and then decreased. Western blot analysis showed that the S6K protein expression increased from 1 to 5 days of age, but did not change significantly from 5 to 25 days of age. RNAi knockdown of S6K, reduced the expression of S6K mRNA and S6K protein, and it causes changes in other genes associated with ageing in both sexes. S6K may be involved in reproductive transformation, affecting reproductive capacity, thus significantly affecting the ageing of D. pulex. miRNA with potential regulation of the S6K gene were screened by the bioinformatics method and validated using a dual luciferase reporter gene system. This study deepens our understanding of the mechanisms of ageing in D. pulex and expands our understanding of the role of S6K in the ageing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toronto-based Canadian theatre group Mammalian Diving Reflex produced various editions resulting from its city tour of the performance All the Sex I've Ever Had (shortened as AtS) from 2010 to present, including AtS-International Edition (2014) in Toronto. In this article, Heunjung Lee analyzes the live performance of multiple city editions, most notably AtS-Gwangmyeong (2021), to understand the relational aesthetics and dramaturgy it installs among older community performers, younger creative team members, and the audience. By demonstrating the performative power of aged citizens on stage to document, remember, and combat the ageist perspectives that are deeply rooted in many cultures, including Canada, this and other editions of AtS reveal and counter the ageist stigma around the sexuality of older adults. Heunjung Lee draws on this analysis to reframe non-professional older performers as experts of age/ing, drawing on the notion of "experts of everyday" which describes non-professional performers in Reality Theatre. This new term illuminates the generosity, vulnerability, and power of the older performers who (en)counter ageist perceptions and assumptions against old age by sharing their unique experience and view of ageing, sex, and life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le vieillissement biologique affecte les organes sensoriels ainsi que le cerveau et par conséquent la cognition. La littérature rapporte non seulement que ces atteintes sont concomitantes, mais aussi qu'elles sont positivement corrélées. Quatre hypothèses sont généralement proposées pour expliquer ces associations. Toutefois, aucune ne semble à même de rendre compte de l'ensemble des données existantes et les mécanismes précis en jeu restent à éclaircir. L'approche incarnée et située de la cognition pourrait fournir un cadre théorique particulièrement intéressant et adéquat pour expliquer ces liens. En effet, selon cette approche, les représentations cognitives sont ancrées dans leurs propriétés sensorimotrices. Autrement dit, les fonctionnements cognitif et perceptif seraient interdépendants. Cet article propose une revue critique des liens entre les fonctionnements sensoriel et cognitif dans le vieillissement ainsi que des hypothèses explicatives attenantes. Une lecture incarnée de cette possible interdépendance est développée. Les implications théoriques et cliniques de cette lecture seront alors considérées. Biological aging impacts many organs including sensory's ones and the brain, and thus, cognition. Research has shown that the sensory and cognitive decline are positively correlated. The main data from this literature are firstly reviewed in the present article. Then, the four main hypotheses that are generally proposed to explain these associations are presented. According to them, sensory decline is supposed to cause cognitive decline, or vice-versa, or these concomitant changes result from the general alteration of the nervous system. However, none of them seems able to account for all of the existing data. Moreover, the precise mechanisms that may drive these associations remain to be clarified. The rest of the article is then dedicated to the embodied and situated cognition approach as it provides a particularly interesting and adequate framework to account for these links. Indeed, according to this approach, cognitive representations are grounded in their sensorimotor properties. In other words, cognitive functioning is not conceived as detached from sensory functioning, but instead directly dependent of it. Representations are thus thought to emerge from the sensorimotor simulation of the properties involved in these representations. Therefore, sensory decline should directly impact cognitive performance. It is then hypothesized that older adults have low-resolution representations decreasing the signal on noise ratio of traces, increasing sensorimotor interferences and thus decreasing cognitive performance. This approach leads to consider low and high levels of sensory and perceptual functioning, which are both impaired in aging. Therefore, the repercussion of the sensory-perceptual decline is not only valid for present processing, but also extend to all past knowledge. Several predictions are then proposed on (1) the link between high-level perceptual functioning and cognitive functioning in older adults; (2) the possible interaction in young adults between sensory and high-level perceptual functioning as a function of the level of interference of the material involved; (3) the possible link between the motor and cognitive functioning in older adults. The clinical consequences in terms of cognitive stimulation of such a perspective will close the article. It is proposed to develop a stimulation program based on pattern separation mechanism to better process sensory interference in order to train older adults to improve cognitive precision and thus performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: High‐intensity visible light (HEV), also referred to as blue light, has a wavelength of 400–500 nm and accounts for approximately one‐third of the visible light. Blue light is also emitted from electronic devices and artificial indoor lighting. Studies have shown that exposure of human skin cells to light emitted from electronic devices, even as short as 1 h, can cause an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis and necrosis. Despite comprising a significant portion of the light spectrum, the effects of HEV light have not been studied as extensively. This is in part due to a lack of suitable in vitro testing methods. This work was conducted in order to develop a reproducible testing method for assessing the effects of blue light on the skin. Methods: Testing was performed using a full thickness, 3D in vitro skin tissue model. Different exposure protocols were tested to (1) determine the biological effects of blue light on the skin and (2) to identify an appropriate exposure for routine testing of cosmetic materials that may protect the skin from blue light damage. Gene expression and protein biomarkers were measured using qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemical (IHC) methods. Results: Our work demonstrates that daily exposure to blue light produced dose‐and‐time‐dependent changes in biomarkers associated with skin damage. Exposure to blue light for 6 h for 5 consecutive days (total intensity of 30 J/cm2) increased the expression of genes that regulate inflammation and oxidative stress pathways and decreased the expression of genes that maintain skin barrier and tissue integrity. Exposure to blue light significantly increased protein biomarkers associated with ageing, inflammation and tissue damage. IHC staining confirmed changes in collagen, filaggrin and NQO1 protein expression. Treatment with ascorbic acid inhibited the effects of blue light, demonstrating a role in protection from blue light. Conclusion: Our results showed that consistent blue light exposure produced skin damage via alterations in biological pathways that are associated with skin ageing. This work provides a new, reproducible in vitro testing method for assessing the effects of blue light on human skin using gene expression, protein ELISA and IHC staining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retirement is a major transition in the lives of the older population, potentially affecting well-being through the lifestyle, emotional, and financial changes that accompany the transition. In this study, we empirically investigate the effect of retirement on life satisfaction in Canada, using data from the 2008–2009 Canadian Community Health Survey–Healthy Aging. Identifying the effect of retirement on life satisfaction is inherently difficult because of self-selection, reverse causality, and unobserved individual-specific heterogeneity that may affect both life satisfaction and the decision to retire. To address these concerns, we explore the use of the age thresholds from the Old Age Security and the Canada Pension Plan/Quebec Pension Plan as instruments in the decision to retire. The resulting estimates suggest that retirement has a positive and significant effect on the life satisfaction of the older population in Canada. This effect remains significant after we control for age, gender, marital status, educational background, household income, race, immigrant status, and province-level fixed effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to transport for older people is inherently related to the right to lead an independent life and to participate in social and cultural life with dignity. Yet often transport planning strategies prioritise the smooth flow of urban commuters, while people over the age of 60 are at risk of experiencing marginalisation and inequality. In this paper, we consider the mobility patterns of a group of seniors who regularly travel by public transport to Sydney, Australia for more than an hour a day. We argue that geographical perspectives are important for understanding how disincentivising seniors from travelling at rush hour may result in a range of negative health and social outcomes. In this research we consider how seniors in fact may benefit from travelling in rush hour materially, socially, and emotionally. Drawing on the optic of mobility justice we examine the felt intensities of using public transport and the inequalities that manifest in corporeal density. This serves to highlight how agency enables people to go against policy aims to reduce senior travel at peak times and how mobility justice is a useful heuristic to dispute power dynamics in specific transport modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metallic glass formers are a relatively new entry in glass physics, which has attracted large interest in both physics and materials science communities due to the unique mechanical and structural properties of these materials. Physical aging is however one of the main obstacle to their widespread use as it affects their properties at all length scales. The knowledge of the microscopic mechanisms inducing aging and relaxation is therefore extremely important for both fundamental and applied sciences. In this article we present a review of the recent advances made with the X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy technique on the study of the collective particle motion and physical aging in metallic glasses at the atomic level. We show that a careful tuning of the sample preparation or the application of specific thermal protocols have the potential to drive the glass into more aged or rejuvenated microscopic configurations with different stabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Economics & Statistics / Economie et Statistique is the property of Ministere de l'Economie, des Finances et de la Relance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cardiorespiratory function is negatively affected by aging while being, to a great extent, depends on exercise intensity and mode. Here we investigated the effects of age and exercise mode on cardiorespiratory function across ages among healthy men. Thirty-six men were divided into three groups of 12: children, middle-aged, and elderly. Participants performed either a leg or an arm ergometry test. Cardiorespiratory function (forced vital capacity, FVC; forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1; rate-pressure product, RPP) was assessed before and after each test. FVC values were significantly lower for arm as compared to leg ergometry (P < 0.001). Children showed significantly lower FVC and FEV1 values relative to middle-aged and elderly groups (P < 0.001). FVC and FEV1 values were also lower in elderly as compared to middle-aged (P < 0.001). Post-exercise RPP values were significantly greater in leg than arm ergometry (P < 0.001). Our findings showed that aging has an undesirable impact on respiratory function. Our findings also suggest that exercise utilizing larger muscle groups (i.e., leg exercise) may pose a greater working load on some selected variables of cardiorespiratory function than exercise modality utilizing smaller muscle groups (i.e., arm exercise) in apparently healthy men, regardless of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Démarrer une activité physique et sportive (APS) régulière selon les recommandations de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé ou, à l'autre extrémité du spectre de l'APS, être un athlète très entraîné, voire de haut niveau, ne modifie pas les concentrations hormonales basales, mesurées au repos, à distance de la dernière session d'APS. Chez les sujets âgés (60-80 ans), certaines hormones (testostérone, S-DHEA) peuvent être augmentées avec l'entraînement mais leurs valeurs restent dans les limites physiologiques. C'est pourquoi un sujet entraîné, voire très entraîné, présente un profil hormonal normal. Les valeurs hormonales anormales ont a priori une valeur pathologique et nécessitent d'être explicitées. Starting a regular physical and sports activity (PSA) according to the World Health Organization's recommendations or at the other end of the PSA spectrum, being a highly trained or even high-level athlete does not change basal hormonal concentrations, measured at rest, at distance from the last PSA session. In older subjects (60-80 years) some hormones (testosterone, S-DHEA) can be increased with training but their values remain within physiological limits. This is why a trained or a highly trained subject has a normal hormonal profile. Abnormal hormonal values have a priori a pathological value and need to be explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Music Education is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic challenged older adults' health behaviours, making it even more difficult to engage in healthy diets and physical activity than it had been prepandemic. A resource to promote these could be social support. This study uses data from 136 older adults ( M age = 71.39 years, SD = 5.15, range: 63-87) who reported their daily fruit and vegetable consumption, steps, and health-behaviour-specific support from a close other every evening for up to 10 consecutive days. Findings show that on days when participants reported more emotional support than usual, fruit and vegetable consumption and step counts were higher. Daily instrumental support was positively associated with step counts, only. Participants receiving more overall emotional support across the study period consumed more fruit and vegetables; no parallel person-level association was found for overall steps. There were no significant interactions between dyad type and support links for our outcomes.

Developing effective, sustainable strategies that promote social inclusion, reduce isolation, and support older adults' wellbeing continues to be important to aging communities in Canada. One strategy that targets community-living older adults involves identifying naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs) and supporting them through supportive service programs (NORC-SSPs). This qualitative descriptive study utilized semi-structured interviews to explore how older adults living in a NORC supported by an SSP, sought to build, and maintain, a sense of community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis revealed how changes in context prompted changes in the program and community, and how despite lack of in-person opportunities participants continued to be together and do occupations together in creative ways that supported their sense of community. NORC-SSPs, like Oasis, play an important role in supporting older adults' capacity to build strong, resilient communities that support wellbeing, during a global pandemic and in non-pandemic times.

To improve transitions in care, a new patient navigation (PN) program was introduced to support older adults with complex care needs transition from hospital to home. The patient navigator is a community social worker embedded in the hospital's care teams. A cohort observational design was used to conduct the study by analysing the patient navigator's clinical notes and hospital's administrative data to describe the characteristics of patients, scope of the patient navigator's activities, and patient outcomes. Ninety patients were assigned to the patient navigator's caseload (November 2019-November 2021) in which the average age was 78.9 (range 55-95). The most frequent PN intervention types were referrals to community services (66%, n = 59) and discharge planning (61%, n = 55). The patient navigator supported 66% patients ( n = 59) in returning home and provided follow-up care for 74 days (average). This study provides important insights into the patient navigator's role to guide decision makers in implementing PN programs for older adults in a hospital setting.

This study provides researchers, practitioners, and policy makers with a profile of older adults' travel behaviour and the older adult population that reports unmet travel needs. In addition, we quantified associations between reporting an unmet travel need and measures of health and social connectedness. Data came from the second follow-up survey of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, collected from 2018 to 2021 (n = 14,167). Nine in ten (90.2%) older adults aged 65 years and older indicated that driving is the main way they get around. Older adults with an unmet travel need were more likely to be women, have lower household incomes and education levels, and have a mobility limitation. People with an unmet travel need had 2.7 times the odds of reporting fair or poor general health (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 2.19, 3.22) and 3.1 times the odds of feeling socially isolated (OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.57, 3.72) compared to those without an unmet need.

Age-related changes can affect mental health, but aging-focused mental health research is limited. The objective was to identify the top 10 unanswered research questions on aging and mental health according to what matters most to aging Canadians. A steering group of experts-by-experience (e.g., older adults, caregivers, health and social care providers) guided three phases of a modified James Lind Alliance priority-setting partnership: (1) a broad national survey ( n  = 305) and a rapid literature scan; (2) a follow-up national survey ( n  = 703); and (3) four online workshops ( n  = 52) with a nominal group technique. Forty-two unique questions on aging and mental health resulted, of which 18 were determined to be answered by existing evidence. Of the 25 partially and unanswered questions, 10 were ranked as top priority. Findings can be used to prioritize future research, knowledge mobilization, and funding decisions, and to promote and support collaboration between longstanding siloed research and care fields.

As Western society becomes increasingly digitally dependent and many older adults actively engage in the online world, understanding the experiences of those who largely do not use digital technology in their daily lives is crucial. Individual interviews were conducted (pre-pandemic) with 23 older adults who, based on self-identification, did not regularly use digital technology, exploring how their experiences as limited digital technology users may have impacted their daily lives. An iterative collaborative qualitative analysis demonstrated three main themes: internet concerns, frustrations with digital technology, and conflicting motivators to use digital technology. Findings suggest that addressing digital concerns and providing effective digital skill learning opportunities may encourage some older adults to become more digitally engaged. However, as people, including older adults, can be uninterested in using these technologies, organizations and institutions should work to offer ways to support people of all ages who are not engaged online.

Ce propos tente, dans une perspective psychopathologique, de préciser les évolutions cliniques des patients atteints de TSA lors de l'âge adulte et avec l'avancée en âge, d'en apprécier les risques et les chances, d'aborder aussi le vécu de ces personnes face à leur propre vieillissement, face à la mort des proches et face à leur propre finitude ; l'étude d'une cohorte de 314 patients âgés peut apporter quelques données concernant ces évolutions. L'étude de la cohorte de 314 patients adultes et vieillissants permet de préciser plusieurs aspects des TSA à l'âge adulte : niveau de gravité, troubles associés et co-morbidités (troubles psychiatriques, déficit intellectuel, épilepsie, troubles neuro-sensoriels, aspects génétiques). Au plan clinique et psychopathologique, les troubles du comportement y sont décrits en référence aux modes de fonctionnements psychopathologiques dominants : modalités autistiques typiques (notion de recours post-autistique), modalités symbiotiques, exacerbations anxieuses aiguës, fonctionnements dépressifs et maniaques. Proposer une élucidation des comportements défis (ou comportements problèmes) et en rendre l'abord possible ; démontrer que leur évolution, au cours de l'avancée en âge, est plutôt favorable, tout en insistant sur la permanence d'une vulnérabilité certaines de ces personnes. Préciser les principales pistes d'actions en insistant sur la sécurisation spatiale, temporelle et relationnelle, sur la place centrale des démarches de soins (besoins physiologiques fondamentaux, prise en compte des pathologies somatiques, les soins spécifiques par les psychotropes, les abords psycho-corporels), sur l'attention portée à la quotidienneté, médiateur thérapeutique majeur, avec le maintien raisonné de la mise en activité. L'approche, ici proposée, confirme, qu'à l'âge adulte, la problématique principale est celle des troubles associés et des co-morbidités psychiatriques, plus que celle des particularités symptomatiques fondamentales nécessaires au diagnostic de TSA (le trépied autistique). Cela nécessite de dépasser la notion de comportement défi pour aborder cette clinique dans une perspective fonctionnelle finalement révélatrice d'une souffrance psychique, parfois majeure, et de la tentative adaptative qu'élaborent ces patients pour y faire face. Cette clinique particulière nous semble confirmer la nécessité d'un travail institutionnel structuré, seul capable d'assurer la cohérence des démarches auprès de ces personnes d'une diversité certaine, aux évolutions globalement favorables, mais qui demeurent toujours d'une grande vulnérabilité. This article attempts, from a psychopathological perspective, to clarify the clinical evolution of patients with ASD during adulthood and into old age, and to assess the risks and the chances. In addition, the article also attempts to address the experiences of these people confronted with their own aging, the death of loved ones, and their own mortality. This study of a cohort of 314 elderly patients can provide some data concerning these changes. The study of the cohort of 314 adult and aging patients makes it possible to specify several aspects of ASD in adulthood: level of severity, associated disorders and co-morbidities (psychiatric disorders, intellectual deficit, epilepsy, neurosensory disorders, genetics). At the clinical and psychopathological level, the behavioral disorders are described therein with reference to the dominant psychopathological modes of functioning: typical autistic modalities (notion of post-autistic recourse), symbiotic modalities, acute anxious exacerbations, depressive and manic functionings. Propose an elucidation of challenging behaviors (or problem behaviors) and make it possible to address them; demonstrate that their evolution during advancing age is rather favorable while insisting on the permanent vulnerability of certain subjects. Specify the main courses of action, insisting on spatial, temporal, and relational security; on the central place of care procedures (fundamental physiological needs, consideration of somatic pathologies, specific care with psychotropic drugs, psycho-corporal approaches); and on the attention paid to everyday life, a major therapeutic mediator, through maintaining a reasonable amount of activity. The approach proposed here confirms that the main problem facing adults diagnosed with ASD is that of associated disorders and psychiatric co-morbidities, more than that of the fundamental symptomatic particularities necessary for the diagnosis of ASD (the autistic tripod). This requires going beyond the notion of challenge behavior and adopting a functional perspective that ultimately reveals sometimes major psychic suffering and the adaptive attempts that these patients make to cope with it. The clinical work with this particular population confirms the need for structured institutional work, the only thing that can ensure the coherence of the approaches to working with this diverse patient population, one that is diverse, with generally favorable developments, but which still remains very vulnerable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans la pratique clinique, nous constatons une forte propension à interpréter tout trouble du sujet âgé sur un mode démentiel. L'objectif de ce travail est d'en cerner les origines, les mécanismes opératoires ainsi que les conséquences subjectives. Il s'agit également de proposer un modèle pour appréhender et traiter cette doxa gérontologique. En nous appuyant sur notre expérience clinique en institution, nous analysons l'articulation entre l'idéologie gériatrique actuelle et les assignations subjectives démentielles en pratiques gérontologiques. Nous effectuons tout d'abord un repérage théorique et contextualisé de la reconceptualisation de la maladie d'Alzheimer, du vieillissement et du symptôme cognitif. Ensuite, nous repérons l'incidence de ces conceptions dans les pratiques auprès des sujets âgés. Enfin, nous identifions les postures singulières et institutionnelles qui peuvent en découler. Jusque dans les années 1970, la diversité des conceptions gériatriques internationales était proportionnelle à la complexité clinique du processus de vieillesse et de l'état démentiel du sujet âgé. La reconceptualisation de la démence sénile et pré-sénile en maladie spécifique au vieillissement associée à des transformations socioculturelles décisives va imposer une lecture biomédicale des problématiques du vieillissement. Issu d'un leadership états-unien qui va totalement façonner l'orientation du discours dominant émergeant, le modèle d'une maladie d'Alzheimer expansée conditionne aujourd'hui les manières monocentrées d'aborder la variété des tableaux cliniques gériatriques. Sur le terrain, il en résulte que les manifestations de l'adulte âgé sont soumises à une interprétation démentielle commune qui opère comme démentification subjective. La démentification subjective est ce que nous désignons comme effets psychiques délétères de cette interprétation démentielle appliquée aux situations cliniques du sujet vieillissant, avec ou sans problématique cérébrale probable. Elle est le produit d'un double mécanisme que nous dénommons décérébration psychique et pousse-à-la-démence. Le phénomène de soustraction à la faculté de penser s'articule ainsi au processus de vidage de sens des manifestations du sujet âgé puis de remplissage par des éléments identitaires démentiels via les discours et attitudes de l'entourage. Selon la situation clinique, cette double opération aura des effets subjectifs divers oscillant entre deux pôles : majoration des symptômes en cas de pathologie neurodégénérative probable, création d'un tableau d'allure démentielle artificiel plus ou moins marqué en cas de diagnostic erroné ou d'étiquetage abusif. Dans ce contexte, accompagner le sujet âgé en passe par la nécessité de traiter l'Autre. Dans la veine du modèle étiologique soutenu par le psychiatre britannique Martin Roth à l'aube de la psychogériatrie, nous avançons que seul un questionnement simultané des dimensions organique, psychique et toxique articulé à une clinique inscrite dans le rapport à l'Autre peut efficacement saisir les problématiques et défis gériatriques. Face à la diversité des troubles du vieillissement, la clinique gériatrique se doit avant tout d'être une clinique introspective. La garantie de la dignité et de la liberté du sujet est en effet conditionnée par la faculté de résistance à l'idéologie Alzheimer de ceux qui entourent et accompagnent l'adulte âgé. In clinical practice, there is a strong tendency to interpret any elderly patient's disorder as dementia. The purpose of this paper is to identify the origins, the operating mechanisms, and the subjective consequences of this. It also seeks to propose a model for understanding and dealing with this gerontological doxa. Based on our clinical experience in institutions, we will analyze the articulation between current geriatric ideology and subjective dementia assessments in gerontological practices. We will first outline the theoretical and contextualized reconceptualization of Alzheimer's disease, aging, and the cognitive symptom. Then, we will identify the impact of these conceptions in practices with elderly subjects. Finally, we will identify the individual and institutional attitudes that can result from this. Until the 1970s, the diversity of international geriatric conceptions was proportional to the clinical complexity of the aging process and to the demential state of the elderly subject. The reconceptualization of senile and pre-senile dementia as a disease that is specific to aging, combined with decisive socio-cultural transformations, imposed a biomedical reading of the problems of aging. Stemming from an American leadership that completely shaped the orientation of the emerging dominant discourse, the model of an expanded Alzheimer's disease is now conditioning the monocentric ways of approaching the variety of geriatric clinical phenomena. In practice, this results in the elderly adult's behavior being consistently interpreted as dementia, resulting in a subjective dementification. Subjective dementification is what we refer to as the delirious psychic effects of this dementia interpretation as applied to clinical situations of the aging subject, regardless of whether or not there is a probable cerebral problem. It is the product of a double mechanism that we call psychic decerebration and push-to-dementia. The phenomenon of subtraction from the faculty of thinking is thus linked to the process of stripping meaning from the manifestations of the elderly subject and replacing them with dementia identity elements via the discourse and attitudes of the social circle. Depending on the clinical situation, this double operation will have various subjective effects that oscillate between two poles: an increase in symptoms in the case of a probable neurodegenerative pathology, and the creation of an artificial dementia-like picture that is more or less marked in the case of a misdiagnosis or abusive labeling. In this context, support for the elderly subject involves the need to treat the Other. In the vein of the etiological model supported by the British psychiatrist Martin Roth at the dawn of psychogeriatrics, we posit that only a simultaneous questioning of the organic, psychic, and toxic dimensions – through a clinical practice rooted in a relationship with the Other – can effectively grasp geriatric problems and challenges. Faced with the diversity of aging disorders, clinical practice with geriatric subjects must, above all, be introspective. The guarantee of the subject's dignity and freedom is in fact conditioned by the ability of those who surround and accompany the elderly adult to resist Alzheimer's ideology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some viewers of Michael Haneke's award-winning film Amour (2012) may read it "simply" as a film about assisted dying. Here, I explore how Haneke attended to the experiences of aging and disability, and how these categories inform intimate relations, in this case that of an aging middle-class heterosexual couple living in Paris. As the deterioration of the body intensifies, what does it mean for love itself to intensify to the point of surrendering to the demand of subjecting the one you love to death. Thinking alongside the work of Sigmund Freud and Kaja Silverman, I ask after what may happen if and when love has the capacity to demand upon one the annihilation of their beloved. How is the beloved remembered, preserved, and forgotten as they age, and what might it mean to see love as not merely a cure but also a thing that has the capacity to kill? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Andrews et al. (2012) make clear, these emerging 21 SP st sp -century health issues - an aging population, health system strains, resource limitations, and widening health inequalities - are underexamined, yet demand critical sub-disciplinary consideration and translational engagement. Despite the potential of iKT to actually I do i something about health inequalities, health geography iKT uptake is rare. Building on these insights underscores why future iKT work must ensure "all people (individuals, groups and communities) have a fair chance to reach their full health potential and are not disadvantaged by social, economic and environmental conditions", that is, a fair chance to attain health equity (National Collaborating Centre for Determinants of Health 2015). Walking the health geographers' talk: Aging and health inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa Keywords: health geography; inequality; aging; integrated knowledge translation; sub-Saharan Africa; géographie de la santé; inégalités; vieillissement; application des connaissances intégrées; Afrique subsaharienne EN health geography inequality aging integrated knowledge translation sub-Saharan Africa FR géographie de la santé inégalités vieillissement application des connaissances intégrées Afrique subsaharienne 497 511 15 09/12/22 20220901 NES 220901 Introduction Inequalities in the production, distribution, and determinants of health and well-being are a central focus in health geography and geography writ large (see Andrews et al. 2012; Brown and Moon 2012; Hopkins 2021). [Extracted from the article]

Intentional forgetting aims to prevent unwanted information from being stored in long-term memory. Surprisingly, past research has shown that, relative to younger adults, older adults recall and recognize more to-be-forgotten information. It has been suggested that this occurs because older adults have a deficient ability to inhibit information. In two experiments, we examined memory differences between older and younger adults in an item-method directed forgetting task. Participants viewed words one at a time during a study phase, each followed by a cue to remember (R) or to forget (F). In Experiment 1, participants' later recognition of both types of items was assessed, followed by a separate source discrimination test for the cue that had been associated with each word at study. In Experiment 2, memory was assessed using a threeresponse recognition test, indicating whether each word was either new or previously studied and, if previously studied, whether it was associated with an R cue or an F cue. In both experiments, older and younger adults recognized more to-be-remembered items than to-be-forgotten items, the typical directed forgetting effect (DFE). Contrary to past reports, older adults did not remember more to-be-forgotten items than did younger adults, inconsistent with an inhibitory deficit. Older adults were, however, less accurate than younger adults in identifying cue associations for both R and F items, consistent instead with an associative memory deficit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'allongement de l'espérance de vie crée la perspective d'une intimité conjugale prolongée. Toutefois, les couples d'âge mûr font face à de nombreux défis — physiologiques, culturels, familiaux — et ils doivent être en mesure de mobiliser leurs ressources individuelles et relationnelles pour maintenir de bons niveaux de satisfaction conjugale et sexuelle. La présente étude a pour objectif de mettre en lumière différents facteurs qui contribuent à la satisfaction conjugale et sexuelle des couples d'âge mûr. Au total, 534 participants, âgés entre 18 et 74 ans, ont répondu à plusieurs questionnaires mesurant leur degré de satisfaction sexuelle et conjugale ainsi que les zones de forces et de fragilités des dynamiques relationnelles de leur couple. Pour compléter cette enquête, cinq couples ont également accepté un entretien semi-structuré portant sur leurs dynamiques relationnelles et leur vision du couple vieillissant. Les résultats mettent en lumière l'impact majeur de plusieurs variables contribuant à une fluctuation des niveaux de satisfaction conjugale et sexuelle au sein des couples (ex. les soucis de santé, la gestion des conflits, la tendresse...). De plus, une comparaison entre les scores des plus de 51 ans et des plus jeunes met en exergue les zones de force des partenaires plus âgés. Ces différents facteurs seront discutés et nous proposerons des réflexions cliniques et stratégiques visant à soutenir les zones de force des couples d'âge mûr afin de les accompagner vers un épanouissement relationnel et sexuel à long terme. Increased life expectancy creates the prospect of prolonged marital intimacy. However, mature couples face many challenges — physiological, cultural, and familial — and they must be able to mobilize their individual and relational resources to maintain good levels of marital and sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study is to highlight various factors that contribute to the conjugal and sexual satisfaction of older couples, and to discuss the stressing of these factors in a crisis context. 534 participants aged between 18 and 74 years old answered several questionnaires measuring their degree of sexual and conjugal satisfaction as well as the areas of strength and fragility in the relational dynamics of their couple. In addition, five couples also accepted a semi-structured interview on their relationship dynamics and their vision of the ageing couple. The results highlight the major impact of several variables contributing to an increase in relational and sexual satisfaction within couples (e.g. health concerns, conflict management, fondness...). Furthermore, a comparison between the scores of the over-51s and the younger ones highlights the areas of strength of older partners. These different factors will be discussed. Finally, we will propone therapeutic advices aimed at supporting the areas of strength of mature couples in order to accompany them towards long-term relational and sexual fulfillment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Sarcopenia is a prevalent syndrome that has seen increased awareness in the last twenty years. Objective: To systematically assess and evaluate the utility of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in adults over the age of 60. Methods: An electronic search strategy of databases was conducted, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and SportDiscus. Included articles were evaluated using The Quality Appraisal for Reliability Studies (QAREL) checklist. Results: Seven articles (1336 participants) met the inclusion criteria of evaluating the diagnostic ability of BIA. Results indicate that that there is a high degree of heterogeneity in how BIA is used to diagnose sarcopenia. While BIA is an affordable and easy to use measurement tool, it does not consistently demonstrate high levels of diagnostic sensitivity. Conclusion: The current evidence does not consistently support the utility of BIA as an accurate diagnostic tool for sarcopenia in adults over 60. If utilizing BIA, clinicians should select a validated BIA equation for their patient's demographics. Clinicians should also consider the use of functional tests and validated screening questionnaires. This systematic review was registered at https:// www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display&lowbar;record. php?RecordID=211586 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research on the design, delivery, and restructuring of primary and community care for urban- and rural-dwelling older adults rarely considers the perspectives of service users. This review examined research literature on the restructuring of primary and community care services for older adults, with an emphasis on the views of older adults as service users. Using the scoping review methodology, five databases were searched for research papers ranging from 2005 to 2019. Articles were screened by title, abstract, and full text; and citation tracing was performed. Research articles on the design, delivery, and restructuring of primary and community care services were included. Attention was paid to the views of older adults as service users. Both urban and rural perspectives were considered. Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. At least two individuals read each article and extracted the data. Data were themed using an inductive approach. Four themes were identified: (1) fragmented service delivery, (2) service discrepancies between urban and rural geographies, (3) reliance on informal supports, and (4) tailoring restructuring to meet community needs. There are discrepancies in the provision of healthcare services between rural and urban areas as restructuring rarely considers the perspectives of ruraldwelling older adults as service users. In order for healthcare services to address inequities and enable rural older adults to age in place, policy makers need to seek and act upon the views of both urban- and rural-dwelling older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif de cet article est de comprendre, d'un point de vue clinique et psychopathologique, l'apport de la théorie de l'attachement dans le travail d'élaboration psychique de la mort d'un sujet âgé accueilli en établissement. Les expériences de pertes physiques, cognitives et sociales que vivent les individus vieillissant leur font prendre conscience de leur mort. Intégrer psychiquement la perspective de sa mort passe par un travail d'élaboration psychique entendu ici comme l'aptitude du sujet à verbaliser le sens qu'il donne aux événements. Le travail d'élaboration est directement lié aux capacités de mentalisation, parfois altérée par la proximité de la mort. Cette altération ne permet pas le recours à des stratégies émotionnelles interrelationnelles adaptées (mises en évidence grâce à l'étude des modalités d'attachement) pour exprimer une demande d'aide et ainsi bénéficier de soutien social. Ce soutien pourrait cependant aider le sujet à comprendre son état interne et donc viendrait étayer la mentalisation et le travail d'élaboration. Nous faisons l'hypothèse que la difficulté à accéder à un soutien social, liée à des stratégies interrelationnelles inadaptées du fait d'un défaut de mentalisation, limite le travail d'élaboration de la mort. À travers l'étude de cas de Pierre, 90 ans, accueilli en établissement d'hébergement, cet article montre que la mentalisation et la recherche de soutien social (qui dépend des modalités d'attachement) sont des concepts clés pour comprendre l'apport de la théorie de l'attachement dans le travail d'élaboration de la mort. Cette étude de cas permet également de questionner la place de l'autre et soulève un paradoxe. L'autre peut en effet être considéré comme une source de soutien social étayant la mentalisation et facilitant le travail d'élaboration. Mais la comparaison à l'autre comme différent de soi est aussi une stratégie identitaire venant renforcer l'estime de soi. From a psychological point of view, this article aims to understand the attachment theory's contribution to the psychical elaboration of death for 'resident elderly' in nursing homes. Physical, cognitive and social losses make people to be aware of death. A psychical elaboration–the ability to attribute subjective meanings to events - permits to integrate death. Psychical elaboration depends on mentalization, but proximity of death alters mentalization: individuals are no longer able to use appropriate emotional strategies to express a request for social support. These strategies are highlighted by attachment. Social support can help individuals to understand their state of mind. So, social support can ease mentalization and psychical elaboration. We assume that difficulties in finding social support, due to alteration of mentalization and inter relational strategies, complicate psychical elaboration of death. We report a clinical case of Pierre, 90 years old, who lives in a French nursing home. This case comes from a qualitative study carried out with thirty-three nursing homes' residents in Switzerland and France. In-depth interview – inspired by Adult Attachment Interview – investigated the participants' life stories through their relationship experiences, the entry in nursing home, their views on their present and their future, and the meaning of their life. The Relation Scales Questionnaire measured attachment and the Mini Geriatric Depression Scale measured depression. To understand the psychical elaboration of death, mentalization and the way how individuals seek social support - underlined by attachment - must be investigated. The proximity of death alters mentalization. The difficulties of mentalization influence attachment: the individuals use emotional regulation strategies which do not allow them to benefit from social support. However, this support could help them to understand their internal state and indirectly support difficulties of mentalization and favour the psychical elaboration. Social support is therefore essential in the psychical elaboration of death. The other's place in old age is also questioned and raises a paradox. Get closer to the other to benefit from social support allows to overcome difficulties of mentalization. But the comparison of oneself with the other as different reinforces the self-esteem. For professionals in nursing homes, providing social support to people who do not seek help and do not appear to need social support is essential. Adopting the therapeutic framework (art therapy, the use of a media) to each person's personality seems to be important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans notre société de plus en plus digitalisée, avons-nous vraiment le choix d’adopter ou non les technologies? Comment cette digitalisation impacte-t-elle les personnes âgées en particulier et son écosystème? Quels sont les enjeux éthiques soulevés par cette digitalisation? Ce texte vise à amener des éléments de réflexions en lien avec ces enjeux selon le point de vue de divers experts des domaines de la technologie, du vieillissement et de la bioéthique. Ces experts se sont rencontrés lors d’un symposium ayant eu lieu à Angers, France, en octobre 2019. Le texte est un compte-rendu des échanges et points de vue de ces experts, ainsi que des discussions ouvertes qu’ils ont eues avec l’assistance, portant sur les principaux enjeux soulevés par cette digitalisation selon la perspective des personnes âgées, des proches-aidants, des soignants, de la société et de la recherche.