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"This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Scientometrics. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2717-7"., ‘‘Smart specialization’’ allows one to identify national strengths and weaknesses within research fields and establish priorities accordingly. It may be a useful strategy for building scientific capacity in developing and peripheral countries. The objective of this paper is to characterize the scientific output and specialization of the most productive Latin American countries with a focus on international collaboration and impact. We conducted a descriptive study based on the SCImago Institutions Ranking (SIR) portal, in the field of Medicine, for the period 2003–2013. The set of indicators applied was based on documents, citation, and collaboration. The results show that at the global level, Surgery, Cardiology, Oncology, Neurology, and Public Health are the most productive subjects in Medicine; in Latin America, the most productive topics are Public Health, Infectious Diseases, Surgery, Neurology, and Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. The most prolific countries are Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina, though the ones having greater impact and more collaboration are Peru, Puerto Rico, and Argentina. The most productive and visible fields, such as Oncology, Cardiology, and Infectious Diseases, are related to major global health problems involving chronic and emerging diseases. This information could be useful to design pragmatic policies, to encourage research in key fields in order to respond better to the health needs of a given population.

[Background] In the greater framework of the essential functions of Public Health, our focus is on a systematic, objective, external evaluation of Latin American scientific output, to compare its publications in the area of Public Health with those of other major geographic zones. We aim to describe the regional distribution of output in Public Health, and the level of visibility and specialization, for Latin America; it can then be characterized and compared in the international context., [Methods] The primary source of information was the Scopus database, using the category “Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health”, in the period 1996–2011. Data were obtained through the portal of SCImago Journal and Country Rank. Using a set of qualitative (citation-based), quantitative (document recount) and collaborative (authors from more than one country) indicators, we derived complementary data. The methodology serves as an analytical tool for researchers and scientific policy-makers., [Results] The contribution of Latin America to the arsenal of world science lies more or less midway on the international scale in terms of its output and visibility. Revealed as its greatest strengths are the high level of specialization in Public Health and the sustained growth of output. The main limitations identified were a relative decrease in collaboration and low visibility., [Conclusions] Collaboration is a key factor behind the development of scientific activity in Latin America. Although this finding can be useful for formulating research policy in Latin American countries, it also underlines the need for further research into patterns of scientific communication in this region, to arrive at more specific recommendations., We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).

Cantos Mateos, Gisela; Zulueta, María Ángeles; Vargas Quesada Benjamín; Chinchilla-Rodriguez, Zaida. Investigación española en células madre (1997-2010). Localización y evolución de las principales líneas de investigación a través de los KeyWords Plus. Atas de VI Econtro Ibérico EDICIC 2013 Globalização, Ciência, Informação, Oporto (Portugal), 4 a 6 novembro 2013, pp. 608-622, Objetivos: analizar y representar la evolución y la dinámica de las principales líneas de investigación en la producción científica española sobre células madre entre los años 1997 y 2010. · Material y Métodos: los documentos recuperados proceden de la base de datos Science Citation Index (SCI). Las unidades de análisis han sido los descriptores KeyWords Plus (KW+). Las herramientas utilizadas para la visualización han sido el software Pajek, en combinación con el algoritmo PathfinderNetwork (PfNET) y el software VOSviewer. Metodológicamente, el estudio analiza el periodo completo (1997-2007) y la evolución de las líneas de investigación en tres subperíodos: 1997-2001, 2002-2006, 2007-2010. · Resultados y Discusión: Los resultados del periodo completo permiten localizar hasta seis líneas de investigación. En el primer periodo, se observa una fuerte presencia de los descriptores que representan documentos relacionados con la hematología y oncología, en cambio, el resto de líneas no comienzan a detectarse de manera más clara hasta el segundo período. Aquí, es posible localizar agrupaciones de descriptores relacionados con la investigación sobre células madre hematopoyéticas, otros referidos a los estudios sobre la generación, proliferación y diferenciación de células madre y otra agrupación emergente relacionada con las células progenitoras neurales. Finalmente, los resultados muestran que el peso de estas últimas agrupaciones tienen una presencia mucho más evidente en el último periodo. Conclusión: La visualización de las relaciones que se establecen entre los KW+ ha permitido obtener dos imágenes complementarias de la situación y evolución de la investigación española sobre células madre. La metodología ha permitido identificar tanto líneas de investigación claramente consolidadas como las emergentes y se intuye la capacidad de predicción del desarrollo de un dominio temático a lo largo del tiempo. Los programas de visualización se complementan muy bien y coinciden tanto en las líneas de investigación como en la localización de los descriptores más influyentes de la red.

Purpose – Research with stem cells is a biomedical venture with great scientific impact, and whose development flows over into many other areas. This article aims to present a dual analysis of Spain’s scientific output in this field during the period 1997-2007. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used bibliometric indicators of a basic nature as well as techniques for the visualization and analysis of networks of scientific information based on a study of KeyWords Plus. Findings – The output is mainly concentrated in Catalun˜a and Madrid, and hospitals are the most productive centres (followed by health institutes), where the main authors are affiliated. Main categories are hematology, oncology and biophysics. The outstanding areas of study revolve around the therapeutic use of transplant of hematopoietic progenitors, the processes of generation, proliferation and differentiation of lines of cells, and the study of neurosciences. Originality/value – This study provides an overview of Spanish research involving stem cells, detecting and representing the main areas of research. The article considers the potential of KeyWords Plus in combination with the proposed methodology as particularly useful for the analysis and delimitation of a scientific domain., This study was made possible by funding from the project CAM-UAH CCG07-UAH/HUM-1906.

La Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT), en el marco de sus funciones de fomento de las actividades de I+D+I, de desarrollo y difusión del ámbito científico y de coordinación e integración entre los diferentes agentes del sistema de ciencia y tecnología, ha creado el Observatorio Español de I+D+I ICONO. Dentro de las líneas de actuación de ICONO se incluye la elaboración de estudios e informes, así como el desarrollo de instrumentos de análisis y evaluación de la actividad científica española que permitan seguir su evolución a lo largo del tiempo. Asimismo, se establece un seguimiento continuo de las actuaciones financiadas y ejecutadas en materia de ciencia y tecnología que ayude a identificar las necesidades del sistema, con la finalidad última de perfeccionar la toma de decisiones en las políticas públicas de I+D+I que pone en marcha la Administración General del Estado. El análisis anual de los indicadores bibliométricos de la actividad científica española constituye uno de los informes más relevantes que el Observatorio ICONO de la FECYT viene publicando desde 2005. La presente edición incluye cambios destacados en relación a ediciones anteriores: •Un formato más corto, presentando los indicadores clave en los ámbitos más representativos, sustituyendo a la exhaustiva descripción de indicadores que se presentaba con anterioridad. •Comentarios de los gráficos en formato ejecutivo, acompañando cada gráfico con uno o más comentarios explicativos cortos y que resaltan los aspectos más relevantes. •Un análisis de tendencias y estimaciones a 2010 de algunos de los indicadores principales, incluyendo un capítulo de proyección de los principales indicadores bibliométricos de España. Desde la Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología confiamos en que el trabajo realizado para la elaboración de este nuevo documento contribuya a mejorar el conocimiento sobre el Sistema Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología y arroje luz sobre los aspectos más relevantes de la producción de nuestros investigadores en términos de publicaciones y generación de conocimiento especializado. De este modo, el Observatorio ICONO contribuirá de forma exitosa a mejorar los procesos de toma de decisión en el ámbito de la investigación científica, el desarrollo y la innovación tecnológica, áreas de actuación que se imponen cada vez con mayor fuerza como los nuevos motores que han de impulsar el sistema productivo de nuestro país., Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z., Moya-Anegón, F., Vargas-Quesada, B., Corera-Álvarez, E., Hassan-Montero, Y. (2008). Inter-institutional scientific collaboration: an approach from social network analysis. Prime Europe-Latin American Conference on Science and Innovation Policy 2008. Mexico City, 24-26 September, The main objective is to characterize the production of knowledge of the different productive sectors in the field of Agricultural studies. A second objective is to project inter-institutional networks of collaboration through visualization techniques. Thirdly, we intend to analyze this network, looking more carefully at aspects such as the degree of interaction between/among agents, the appearance or disappearance of actors, or potential effects on the increase of the internationalization of scientific output. We also try to elaborate an interpretation protocol for collaboration networks in R&D that could be applied to any field of knowledge or upper level of aggregation (i.e. countries or regions). Finally, in order to equip this graphic representation with other functionalities, we lend it an added value by allowing diverse levels of analysis and its service as an interface for domain analysis and information retrieval., Acción Complementaria al proyecto “Atlas de la Ciencia Española” del Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2004-2007, subvencionada por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. 2005

Moya-Anegón, F., Vargas-Quesada, B., Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z., Corera-Álvarez, E., González-Molina, A., Muñoz-Fernández, F. J., Herrero-Solana, V. Visualizing the Marrow of Science. Journal of The American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58 (14): 2167-2179 December 2007, This study proposes a new methodology that allows for the generation of scientograms of major scientific domains, constructed on the basis of cocitation of ISI categories, and pruned using Pathfinder Network, with a layout determined by algorithms of the spring-embedder type (Kamada-Kawai), then corroborated structurally by Factor analysis. We present the complete scientogram of the world for the year 2002. It integrates the natural sciences, the social sciences, arts and humanities. Its basic structure and the essential relationships therein are revealed, allowing us to analyze at the same time the macrostructure, microstructure and marrow of worldwide scientific output., This work was made possible by public financing through the project PN I+D+I: SEJ2004-08358-CO2-01/SOC.

Our objective is the generation of schematic visualizations as interfaces for scientific domain analysis. We propose a new technique that uses thematic classification (classes and categories) as entities of cocitation and units of measure, and demonstrate the viability of this methodology through the representation and analysis of a domain of great dimensions. The main features of the maps obtained are discussed, and proposals are made for future improvements and applications, Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2004-2007 “Atlas de la Ciencia Española” (SEJ2004-08358-C02-01/SOCI) subvencionado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. 2004.

"This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Journal of Nanoparticle Research. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-016-3732-3”., The aim of this paper is to make manifest the intellectual and cognitive structure of nanoscience and nanotechnology (NST) by means of visualization techniques. To this end, we used data from the Web of Science (WoS), delimiting the data to the category NST during the period of 2000–2013, retrieving a total of 198,275 documents. Through direct author citation of these works, we identified their origins and the seminal papers, and through word co-occurrence extracted from the titles and abstracts, the main lines of research were identified. In view of both structures, we may affirm that NST is a young scientific discipline in constant expansion, needing time to establish its foundations but showing a strongly interdisciplinary character; its development is furthermore dependent upon knowledge from other disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, or material sciences. We believe that this information may be very useful for the NST scientific community, as it reflects a large-scale analysis of the research lines of NST and how research has changed over time in the diverse areas of NST. This study is moreover intended to offer a useful tool for the NST scientific community, revealing at a glance the main research lines and landmark papers. Finally, the methodology used in this study can be replicated in any other field of science to explore its intellectual and cognitive structure., This study was funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain through the State Programm of Research, Development and Innovation oriented to the Challenges of the Society [NANOMETRICS, CSO2014-57770-R)].