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Tryptophan capped Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized through a sonochemical method, utilizing tryptophan as a biocompatible and non-toxic capping agent. Based on UV–visible spectra, the optical band gap of the nanoparticles was found to be roughly 3.01 eV. The TEM and XRD measurements of the particle sizes showed a range of 10–22 nm. Under sun irradiation, these nanoparticles showed notable photocatalytic activity, destroying Methylene Blue (MB) dye by more than 79.4 %. With a pseudo-first-order apparent rate constant of 1.5×10−2min-1, the degradation kinetics were observed. The photocatalysis of MB dye was investigated using liquid chromatography in conjunction with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-TOF-MS) to determine the products generated and to clarify the degradation processes. Additionally, the antibacterial, anticancer potential showed thate the nanoparticles exhibited good antibacterial and notable anticancer properties. Furthermore, the antidiabetic activity was investigated through α-glucosidase inhibition, demonstrating a significant inhibition rate of 53.98 %. Antioxidant capabilities were also tested using ABTS and DPPH assays, revealing antioxidant activities of 73.9 % and 52.04 %, respectively. Overall, the synthesized tryptophan-capped AgNPs show promising applications in environmental remediation, as well as potential therapeutic uses.

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is one of the best choices of joining light weight metal structures involving lap joints as conventional welding methods find difficult in getting sound weld joints. Aluminium alloys are lightweight materials relatively used in space frame structures, ship buildings and panels of automotive vehicles. Main objective of this research is to investigate Al–SiC FSW lap joints and to examine the suitable pre-fill nanoparticles in the configured grooves to augment the weld strength. Three different volume additions of SiC nanoparticles and tool rotational speed were considered to fabricate lap joints for the investigations. Tool rotational speed and volume of SiC reinforcement have a significant impact on the dissemination of SiC in the weldment and weld quality. The spread of SiC nanoparticles in the weld area strongly affects the weld microstructure and mechanical characteristics. Nano SiC filled lap joint has shown a significant improvement in mechanical properties as compared to a joint without nanoparticles. The best lap joint is achieved with 20 vol% of SiC and 1500 rpm of rotational speed. The investigations imply that the tensile strength is decreased for joints with 26 vol% of SiC, due to clustering of reinforcement particles. The supplement of SiC nanoparticles restricts the growth of grains and refines the stir zone (SZ) microstructure and hence this method of weld process is recommended for lap weld joints in metal structures.

Because of their great capability and consistent quality, Diesel engines are commonly employed in Industrial regions, Transportation sectors, and Agricultural fields. The main disadvantage of this engine is the excessive amount of smoke and nitrogen oxide emissions. As a result, Mosambi Peel Pyro oil (MPO) was blended in varying quantities with straight diesel. Methanol enrichment was used to test D90MPO10 (10% MPO +90% Diesel), D90MPO10M21 (10% MPO +90% Diesel +21% Methanol), and D90MPO10M22 (10% MPO +90% Diesel +22% Methanol)Oil parameters.The ultimate, proximate, and FTIR analyses, as well as viscosity, density, flash point, and fire point, are estimated. D90MPO10, D90MPO10M21, and D90MPO10M22 are diesel engine fuels, and D90MPO10M22's combustion and emission performance are investigated. It was shown that using D90MPO10 as pilot fuel and methanol as an induction fuel in diesel engines resulted in lower smoke levels (3.5%) and increased thermal efficiency (2.5%) with no significant Performance Degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tool surface texturing is a new sustainable method for machining hard-to-machine materials. The present study focuses on the new honeycomb texture (mimic of bee's honeycombs) containing hexagons forming between thin vertical walls. The important novelty in this work is the cutting performance of honeycomb texture on Inconel 713C was examined under cutting parameters and different cooling conditions: dry untextured (T1), dry textured (T2) tool, impregnated solid lubricant (hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)) textured tool (T3), MQL (coconut oil) with textured tool (T4), and NMQL (0.20 wt.% hBN + coconut oil) with textured tool (T5). Compared to plain tools, NMQL to honeycomb texture reduced flank wear by 53.2%, roughness by 43.2%, turning force by 27%, and cutting temperature by 47.7%. Honeycomb texture with MQL (T4) and NMQL (T5) reduces flank surface Ni element diffusion during turning. Nanofluid-textured inserts (T5) demonstrated higher shear angles, lower chip curl diameter, and shorter tool-chip contact length than other conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing (AM) of metallic parts has drawn the attention of academics, industrial sectors, and individual requirements. AM can produce high-quality, functional components with near-net-shapes better than conventional methods. In addition, AM's unique advantages are reduced design constraints, material utilization, tooling costs, the ability to fuse dissimilar materials, and sustainable production. However, metal AM parts have inherent outcomes: anisotropy microstructure, poor surface quality, and limited dimensional accuracy. Therefore, due to intrinsic defects, AM metals require additional (subtractive) machining as post-processes to achieve the desired part performance. This article reviews the recently published micromachining (MM) as the post-processing of metallic parts fabricated by different AM processes. For that purpose, micro-milling, micro-drilling, micro-electrical discharge machining (EDM), and hybrid-micromachining performance were determined by considering surface integrity, chip formation and cutting forces depending on AM printing parameters, machining conditions, and post-process heat treatments. Additionally, future research on improving AM components' machinability was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]