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Loneliness can be deemed as a social deficiency. Loneliness discloses the relationship between the desired and achieved a level of social interaction. Loneliness is not linked with social isolation, solitude, or aloneness. When low levels of social contact are desired, they may be experienced as positive. Loneliness is associated with mental illness. Loneliness is an emotionally unpleasant experience. It causes dissatisfaction, unhappiness, and depression. Anxiety, emptiness, boredom, restlessness, and marginality are the offshoot of loneliness. Divorce and the breakup of dating relationships are all associated with loneliness. Physical separation from family and friends drives one at risk for loneliness. Retirement, unemployment, and reduced satisfaction may also precipitate loneliness.

Behaviour modification refers to the techniques used to try and decrease or increase a particular type of behaviour or reaction. This might sound very technical, but it is used very frequently by all of us. Parents use this to teach their children right from wrong. Therapists use it to promote healthy behaviours in their patients. The purpose behind behaviour modification is not to understand why or how a particular behaviour started. Instead, it only focuses on changing behaviour, and there are different methods used to accomplish it.

The study aims to empirically test the relationship between types of campus adaptations across academic years of engineering undergraduate B. Tech students pursuing a four-year study at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT's) and National Institute of Technology (NIT's) in India. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance (Manova) test was run with SPSS vs. 21 to compare the student's campus adaptations of IIT's and NIT's by student's academic year level. Multistage random sampling with n = 1420 students were selected comprising of Multistage random sampling with n = 1420 students were selected comprising of first academic year (n = 160), second academic year (n = 273), third academic year (n = 460) and fourth academic year (n = 561). In academic adaptation, first year and second year students had negative outcomes with third and fourth year students having positive outcomes. In Social Adaptation, first year and fourth year students had negative outcomes with second and third year having positive outcomes. In physical -- psychological and institutional adaptation, only second year students had negative outcomes with first, third and fourth year had positive outcomes driving towards mental well-being and successful completion. Campus adaptations do vary across academic years influencing student's experiences at IIT's and NIT's.

Terahertz Technology is a promising newer technology for various applications in wireless and radar communication namely tracking and detecting radar targets. The challenging aspect of radar transmitters in the target detection process is spurious harmonic signals that affect the communication path between radar transceivers. The spurious signal can be neglected by a strong filtering method. Filtering is vital in radar transmission to avoid high spurious emission level signals. Low pass filtering at terahertz frequency range (LPFT) in microstrip structure defined in the chapter analysis to avoid the harmonics above the cut-off frequency. In this chapter, the analysis part of microstrip structured LPFT is implemented under finite difference time domain analysis at (0.3 THz to 0.5 THz) cut-off frequency. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) is the three-dimensional approach commonly used for the analysis in higher frequency applications. In this FDTD method, Maxwell equation's partial derivatives are centred to finite frequency by discretization. LPFT 3D-plot is characterized by the signal factors of the input signal, reflected signal, and passed signal concerning time. Scattering parameters|s11| and|s21| are characterized by frequency and magnitude plots with an insertion loss of 0.3 dB. Full-wave analysis of LPFT is compared with Chebyshev and Butterworth filter at terahertz cut-off range is implemented. The comparison plot of attenuation versus relative frequency and characteristic impedance versus dielectric constant is shown with FDTD results with good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an efficient technique to improve and maintain the voltage levels of Cascaded H-Bridge Multi-Level Inverter (CHB-MLI) which utilizing PhotoVoltaic (PV) panel sources is presented. It is designed to make fifteen level output voltage and tested under the various levels of resistive loads. It produces staircase output with reduced component size, increases the output voltage level, reduces the voltage stress across the load/switches, reduces the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and increases the voltage gain. The switching pulses are generated using Phase Opposition Disposition (POD)-Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique. It is modeled and simulated using SIMULINK graphical programming environment in MATLAB. Results prove that the system provides lower THD than conventional systems.

Abnormal accumulation of acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) mediated cholesterol ester has been shown to contribute to cancer progression in various cancers including leukemia, glioma, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. However, the significance of ACAT-1 and cholesterol esters (CE) is relatively understudied in ovarian cancer. In this in vitro study, we assessed the expression and contribution of ACAT-1 in ovarian cancer progression. We observed a significant increase in the expression of ACAT-1 and CE levels in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines (OC-314, SKOV-3 and IGROV-1) compared to primary ovarian epithelial cells (normal controls). To confirm the tumor promoting capacity of ACAT-1, we inhibited ACAT-1 expression and activity by treating our cell lines with an ACAT inhibitor, avasimibe, or by stable transfection with ACAT-1 specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA). We observed significant suppression of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in ACAT-1 knockdown ovarian cancer cell lines compared to their respective controls (cell lines transfected with scrambled shRNA). ACAT-1 inhibition enhanced apoptosis with a concurrent increase in caspases 3/7 activity and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) coupled with increased expression of p53 may be the mechanism(s) underlying pro-apoptotic action of ACAT-1 inhibition. Additionally, ACAT-1 inhibited ovarian cancer cell lines displayed enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin treatment. These results suggest ACAT-1 may be a potential new target for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Profit prediction is a pivotal task in financial markets, empowering investors and traders to make informed decisions. In recent years, the advent of deep learning techniques has revolutionized the field of financial forecasting, offering the potential to extract intricate patterns and relationships from vast and complex datasets. This paper presents an innovative approach to profit prediction using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, a specialized type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). LSTMs excel at capturing long term dependencies in sequential data, making them well-suited for modeling the dynamics of the financial markets. The core of the paper lies in the practical application of LSTM model architecture specially tailored for profit prediction. This includes defining the input layer, LSTM layers, fully connected layers and the output layer. The training and validation process is elucidated, covering data splitting, model training, validation techniques and hyper parameter tuning to enter ensure the model performance. The paper also explores the practical application of the LSTM-based profit prediction algorithm through a case study involving real-world financial data. Evaluation metrics such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are employed to assess the algorithm's predictive accuracy and effectiveness. Additionally, the paper addresses risk assessment, a critical aspect of profit prediction in financial markets. It sheds light on the promising potential of LSTM-based profit prediction algorithms as a powerful tool for financial forecasting. It summarizes key findings, acknowledges limitations and challenges, and outlines future directions for improving the algorithm, including incorporating additional data sources and fine-tuning hyper parameters. The presented approach offers a significant advancement in the realm of profit prediction, enabling investors and traders to make more informed and data-driven decisions in an ever-evolving financial landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), agricultural pests cause severe loss of global crop production every year. In order to eliminate these harmful insect pests, smart agriculture is the best way for farmers to use artificial intelligence techniques integrated with modern information and communication technology. Thus, they can increase the productivity of their crops. The main limiting factor for cultivation, however, is pest and disease infections. It is not possible to eradicate these diseases, but they can be controlled and monitored to minimize their impact. Crop diseases can be rapidly diagnosed by using automated image identification systems. An accurate identification system requires the extraction of features from images. To identify the samples, we used three different classes of machine learning: a support vector machine (SVM), a random forest (RF), and an artificial neural network (ANN). In addition, our deep learning method outperforms other previous recognition methods, namely Single Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD), which increases the accuracy and multi-directional way of pest detection. Our results contribute to the use of machine learning in agriculture literature and have implications for research in deep learning and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previously, Bithionol (BT) was shown to enhance the chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin treatment. In the present study, we focused on the anti-tumor potential of the BT-paclitaxel combination when added to a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. This in vitro study aimed to 1) determine the optimum schedule for combination of BT and paclitaxel and 2) assess the nature and mechanism(s) underlying BT-paclitaxel interactions. The cytotoxic effects of both drugs either alone or in combination were assessed by presto-blue cell viability assay using six human ovarian cancer cell lines. Inhibitory concentrations to achieve 50% cell death (IC50) were determined for BT and paclitaxel in each cell line. Changes in levels of cleaved PARP, XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL, p21 and p27 were determined via immunoblot. Luminescent and colorimetric assays were used to determine caspases 3/7 and autotaxin (ATX) activity. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometry. Our results show that the efficacy of the BT-paclitaxel combination depends upon the concentrations and sequence of addition of paclitaxel and BT. Pretreatment with BT followed by paclitaxel resulted in antagonistic interactions whereas synergistic interactions were observed when both drugs were added simultaneously or when cells were pretreated with paclitaxel followed by BT. Synergistic interactions between BT and paclitaxel were attributed to increased ROS generation and enhanced apoptosis. Decreased expression of pro-survival factors (XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL) and increased expression of pro-apoptotic factors (caspases 3/7, PARP cleavage) was observed. Additionally, increased expression of key cell cycle regulators p21 and p27 was observed. These results show that BT and paclitaxel interacted synergistically at most drug ratios which, however, was highly dependent on the sequence of the addition of drugs. Our results suggest that BT-paclitaxel combination therapy may be effective in sensitizing ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment, thus mitigating some of the toxic effects associated with high doses of paclitaxel.

The age of technology has introduced integrated wearables into the area of driving to prevent accidents. A smart device is fitted easily into any moving vehicle, which renders a convenient option regarding the activities of the drivers such as abnormality, health condition, and sleep information. This research study discusses two types of outcomes that are enabled according to the situations of the input provided to the BPNN (Back Propagation Neural Network). At first, when an anomaly is predicted within the vehicle, such as the unusual behaviour of the driver, then it is reported through the help of IoT sensors installed inside the vehicle. The BPNN communicates the relevant signal to the driver assistance system to gain control over the vehicle and safely stop it at an appropriate place on the road. The second type of outcome discussed is when an anomaly is explored on the road when a vehicle moves in a heedless way. In such cases, the nearby vehicles are alerted and in the case of an accident are reported, the signals are sent to the local police officials. These suggested instructions perhaps minimize the damage and decrease the rate of mortality every year because of road accidents. Appropriate actions are taken by the model in averting the occurrence of accidents using cloud AI. The performance of the proposed system is assessed based on its accuracy rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uncontrolled dumping of agricultural and industrial wastes and waste water has serious environmental and public health consequences. In order to utilise these wastes for agricultural purposes, the response of soybean seed germination to the desiccated coconut water and dairy whey was examined. In this investigation the nutritional content analysis and enumeration of microorganisms found in desiccated coconut water and dairy whey obtained, respectively from coconut mills and dairy were carried out. Different microorganisms were isolated and characterized morphologically and biochemically characterized. The results showed that the desiccated coconut water included a diverse microbial population such as bacteria (286.4 × 104 cfu mL-1), yeast (8.89 × 104 cfu mL-1), actinomycetes (1.00 × 104 cfu mL-1), free living nitrogen fixers (26.7 × 104 cfu mL-1), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (33.3 × 104 cfu mL-1), Pseudomonas sp. (73.3 × 104 cfu mL-1) and coliforms (76.7 × 104 cfu mL-1). Whereas, in dairy whey, microorganisms such as bacteria (153.3 × 104 cfu mL-1), yeasts (3.30 × 104 cfu mL-1), actinomycetes (0.12 × 104 cfu mL-1) and coliforms (56.7 × 104 cfu mL-1) were found. The effect of desiccated coconut water and dairy whey on soybean seed germination was studied by pre-treating the seeds and examining different seed quality indicators. Compared to all other treatments and the control, seeds pre-treated with 10 per cent desiccated coconut water and 10 per cent whey had significantly higher germination percentage (98.00 and 97.33), shoot length (13.58 cm and 14.30 cm), root length (21.94 cm and 20.12 cm), seedling dry weight (404.28 mg and 100.19 mg), seedling vigour index-I (3481 and 3351) and seedling vigour index -II (39619 and 39019), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The available modern molecular drugs for the therapy of Rheumatoid arthritis are beset with several side effects and alternative drugs are urgently needed. The present investigation was performed to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of Sahacharadi Kashayam (SK), an Ayurvedic formulation, against Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) - induced arthritis in rats. Methods: In this experimental trial, SK was administered at doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ml/kg body weight orally to adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic rats. The anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by using paw volume, haematological parameters and arthritic biomarkers. The efficacy of the Kashayam was compared with the standard Leflunomide (10 mg/kg) drug. Results: Significant reduction in paw volume and thickness by SK (0.5 ml dose) has been found and there was considerably improvement in haematological parameters and arthritic markers in CFA rats till 14 days. After 14th day SK treatment with doses (1.0 and 1.5ml), however, reoccurrence of inflammation and pathological changes were observed in rats. Conclusion: The study clearly indicated the anti-arthritic role of SK. Future studies, however, are warranted to provide a new approach in relation to the therapeutic dose and treatment period of SK which may eventually lead to the development of a new category of the anti-arthritic agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abnormal accumulation of acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) mediated cholesterol ester has been shown to contribute to cancer progression in various cancers including leukemia, glioma, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. However, the significance of ACAT-1 and cholesterol esters (CE) is relatively understudied in ovarian cancer. In this in vitro study, we assessed the expression and contribution of ACAT-1 in ovarian cancer progression. We observed a significant increase in the expression of ACAT-1 and CE levels in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines (OC-314, SKOV-3 and IGROV-1) compared to primary ovarian epithelial cells (normal controls). To confirm the tumor promoting capacity of ACAT-1, we inhibited ACAT-1 expression and activity by treating our cell lines with an ACAT inhibitor, avasimibe, or by stable transfection with ACAT-1 specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA). We observed significant suppression of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in ACAT-1 knockdown ovarian cancer cell lines compared to their respective controls (cell lines transfected with scrambled shRNA). ACAT-1 inhibition enhanced apoptosis with a concurrent increase in caspases 3/7 activity and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) coupled with increased expression of p53 may be the mechanism(s) underlying pro-apoptotic action of ACAT-1 inhibition. Additionally, ACAT-1 inhibited ovarian cancer cell lines displayed enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin treatment. These results suggest ACAT-1 may be a potential new target for the treatment of ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There is an urgent need to substantiate scientifically the roles of contemporary and native medicinal practices. This exercise will open up a new class of drugs which could be cheap, easily affordable, and with less or no side effects. Moringa oleifera or drumstick is known to a wonder herbal plant and most of its parts are used to cure various ailments. The present study deals with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of M. oleifera seeds and to understand the molecules present therein. Methods: GC-MS was performed on the water extract of the dried seeds of the plant by standard procedures. Results: Some important biomolecules such as 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone, p-cresol, l-Norvaline, N-ethoxycarbonyl-, nonyl ester, Pentanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, 1H-1,2,4-Triazole-1-carboxamide, 5-acetylamino- 3-amino-, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzyl sulfone, beta-l-Arabinopyranoside, methyl, tetradecanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyl-, methyl ester, cyclohexane, 1-isopropyl-1-methyl-, decanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-Methylthiolane, S,S-dioxide, 4-Methyl-2,4- bis(4'-trimethylsilyloxyphenyl)pentene-, 2,4(1H, 3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 6-iodo-5-methyl-, 2-Fluoro-6-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, and 4-nitrophenyl ester have medicinal roles comparable with the various medicinal activities of Moringa seed water extract. Conclusion: It is concluded that the Moringa seed is a potential candidate for drug designing for many diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural characteristics and synthesis of dendron with glycolate linkers and facially amphiphilic bile acid backbones on the periphery are described. The analysis of the dendrons show that hydrophobicity increases with increase in oligomer size, but in each generation, the dendrons with a higher degree of branching are less hydrophobic.

The Indian retail sector is highly fragmented with 97 percent of its business being run by the unorganized retailers. The sector is the largest source of employment after agriculture, and has deep penetration into rural India generating more than 10 percent of India's GDP. India like Britain, is a nation of shoppers, and it is the only country having the highest shop density in the world, with 11 outlets per 1000 people. India with 1.2 billion people of whom majority of 70 percent of population living in rural areas. The continued patronage of rural consumers hinges on how far these stores are able to satisfy them in the changing retail environment. The present study is one such attempt in the direction aiming to investigate to what extent these rural consumers are satisfied with their neighborhood kirana stores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of controllers for solar energy harvesting systems plays the key role in deciding the efficiency of the energy utilized. In applications of energy scavenging, the harvested power is consumed for about 70% in the operation of the converter and controller blocks before being supplied to the load. The proposed optimal Field Programmable Gate Array based Load Predictive Maximum Power Point Tracking (LP_MPPT) Digital Controller is used for low power, speedy, and decisive energy scavenging systems for a long run in applications of wireless or remote sensing or portable. LP_MPPT helps to predict the need of the load and generate the converter output as buck/boost/buck_boost mode power in comparison to the input from solar panels for every clock cycle. The power consumption of the controller section is comparatively reduced as the buck_boost mode of operation utilizes the no operation state. The proposed methodology is simulated and implemented using Xilinx ISE Design Suite 12.1 which is supported by the family SPARTAN 3E. The simulation results thus obtained show an increase in efficiency (94.3%) with trade off factors, namely, speed and area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy. Abnormal accumulation of sterol-O-acyl transferase 1 (SOAT1) and SOAT1-mediated cholesterol ester (CE) contributes to cancer progression in various malignancies, including ovarian cancer. Therefore, it was hypothesized that similar molecular changes may occur in EC. The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and/or prognostic potential of SOAT1 and CE in EC by: i) Determining SOAT1 and CE levels in plasma, peritoneal fluid and endometrial tissue from patients with EC and control subjects; ii) performing receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine diagnostic performance; iii) comparing SOAT1 and CE expression to that of the tumor proliferation marker Ki67; and iv) assessing the association between SOAT1 expression and survival. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of SOAT1 protein in tissue, plasma and peritoneal fluid. The mRNA and protein expression levels of SOAT1 and Ki67 in tissues were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. CE levels were determined colorimetrically in plasma and peritoneal fluid. SOAT1-associated survival data from the cBioPortal cancer genomics database were used to assess prognostic relevance. The results revealed that SOAT1 and CE levels were significantly elevated in tumor tissue and peritoneal fluid samples collected from the EC group. By contrast, the plasma levels of SOAT1 and CE in the EC and control groups were similar. Significant positive associations between CE and SOAT1, SOAT1/CE and Ki67, and SOAT1/CE and poor overall survival in patients with EC suggested that SOAT1/CE may be associated with malignancy, aggressiveness and poor prognosis. In conclusion, SOAT1 and CE may serve as potential biomarkers for prognosis and target-specific treatment of EC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study to assess the effectiveness of video assessed teaching programme on prevention of domestic violence among adolescent boys at selected college. The objectives were to assess the pre and post test effectiveness regarding prevention of violence among adolescent boys, to determine the effectiveness of video assessed teaching programme on prevention of violence and to find out the association between post-test knowledge score and selected demographic variable. A quasi experimental study was used and non probability purposive sampling technique with the sample of 60 adolescent boys. Questionnaire was formulated and used to assess the knowledge . The collected data was tabulated and analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The man value is 4.66 and h standard deviation value is o.3252. Adolescent boys were having adequate knowledge 46.6%,moderately adequate knowledge 33.3% and inadequate knowledge 20%,video assessed teaching programme so, it shows improvement in the knowledge was shown after administering the teaching programme. So such research studies will help to increase the knowledge level of the adolescent boys thereby prevention of domestic violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mainstream media have portrayed stereotype images of African Americans and the outside world has perceived them based on those portrayals. The present paper analyses how Lynn Nottage uses the medium of theatre to dismantle the stereotype images of African American women that have marred their identity. Nottage through the protagonist of By the Way, Meet Vera Stark exposes the discrimination that an African American woman actor faces in Hollywood. The paper finds that Nottage uses silent acceptance as a strategy to defy the discrimination in film industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previously, Bithionol (BT) was shown to enhance the chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin treatment. In the present study, we focused on the anti-tumor potential of the BT-paclitaxel combination when added to a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. This in vitro study aimed to 1) determine the optimum schedule for combination of BT and paclitaxel and 2) assess the nature and mechanism(s) underlying BT-paclitaxel interactions. The cytotoxic effects of both drugs either alone or in combination were assessed by presto-blue cell viability assay using six human ovarian cancer cell lines. Inhibitory concentrations to achieve 50% cell death (IC50) were determined for BT and paclitaxel in each cell line. Changes in levels of cleaved PARP, XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL, p21 and p27 were determined via immunoblot. Luminescent and colorimetric assays were used to determine caspases 3/7 and autotaxin (ATX) activity. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometry. Our results show that the efficacy of the BT-paclitaxel combination depends upon the concentrations and sequence of addition of paclitaxel and BT. Pretreatment with BT followed by paclitaxel resulted in antagonistic interactions whereas synergistic interactions were observed when both drugs were added simultaneously or when cells were pretreated with paclitaxel followed by BT. Synergistic interactions between BT and paclitaxel were attributed to increased ROS generation and enhanced apoptosis. Decreased expression of pro-survival factors (XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL) and increased expression of pro-apoptotic factors (caspases 3/7, PARP cleavage) was observed. Additionally, increased expression of key cell cycle regulators p21 and p27 was observed. These results show that BT and paclitaxel interacted synergistically at most drug ratios which, however, was highly dependent on the sequence of the addition of drugs. Our results suggest that BT-paclitaxel combination therapy may be effective in sensitizing ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment, thus mitigating some of the toxic effects associated with high doses of paclitaxel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Combination drug therapy appears a promising approach to overcome drug resistance and reduce drug-related toxicities in ovarian cancer treatments. In this in vitro study, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in combination with Bithionol (BT) against a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines with special focus on cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant cell lines. The primary objectives of this study are to determine the nature of the interactions between BT and cisplatin and to understand the mechanism(s) of action of BT-cisplatin combination.Methods: The cytotoxic effects of drugs either alone or in combination were evaluated using presto-blue assay. Cellular reactive oxygen species were measured by flow cytometry. Immunoblot analysis was carried out to investigate changes in levels of cleaved PARP, XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL, p21 and p27. Luminescent and colorimetric assays were used to test caspases 3/7 and ATX activity.Results: The efficacy of the BT-cisplatin combination depends upon the cell type and concentrations of cisplatin and BT. In cisplatin-sensitive cell lines, BT and cisplatin were mostly antagonistic except when used at low concentrations, where synergy was observed. In contrast, in cisplatin-resistant cells, BT-cisplatin combination treatment displayed synergistic effects at most of the drug ratios/concentrations. Our results further revealed that the synergistic interaction was linked to increased reactive oxygen species generation and apoptosis. Enhanced apoptosis was correlated with loss of pro-survival factors (XIAP, bcl-2, bcl-xL), expression of pro-apoptotic markers (caspases 3/7, PARP cleavage) and enhanced cell cycle regulators p21 and p27.Conclusion: In cisplatin-resistant cell lines, BT potentiated cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity at most drug ratios via enhanced ROS generation and modulation of key regulators of apoptosis. Low doses of BT and cisplatin enhanced efficiency of cisplatin treatment in all the ovarian cancer cell lines tested. Our results suggest that novel combinations such as BT and cisplatin might be an attractive therapeutic approach to enhance ovarian cancer chemosensitivity. Combining low doses of cisplatin with subtherapeutic doses of BT can ultimately lead to the development of an innovative combination therapy to reduce/prevent the side effects normally occurring when high doses of cisplatin are administered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature is the reflection of society. It includes novels, drama, short stories, poems etc. it provokes readers thought and transforms one's life. As we all aware of the fact that word has more power. It slices one's heart whereas powerful than sword. History is also a part of literature; it is interpreted, transformed and shaped in an artistic form of writing. It reiterates one's fear, frustration, anxiety, patience, anger and so on. It filters the emotions of the characters. The reader emotions are acted upon according to the situations. If the character finds joy the reader also feels happy and enjoys with it, if the reader finds the scene or an event unhappy then it makes the reader's heart heavy to sympathize or empathies with the character. It is a powerful tool where emotions are transformed irrespective of age, creed and colour. Literature seems to express strong emotions whereas racism plays an onus role. It helps understand the difficulties of people. They were victimized and marginalized by political power. Blacks were the longer victims of discrimination and injustice. Literature re iterates social equality within society and a high regard for human rights. The Researcher intends to analyse the treatment of blacks in Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man. Blacks in all the aspects namely ,spiritually, emotionally, socially, religiously, politically and the sufferings of human and their pain and frustration is so well expressed in an art form. It provokes a brief historical background on blacks. As they're the minority group the whites looked down and treated them with much disrespect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

African Americans consider their skin colour and kinky hair as impediments to succeed in the American society. The mainstream playwrights have projected negative stereotype images of the African Americans; consequently, they have developed a sense of self-abhorrence which results in their personal failure. The present paper analyses how self-abomination causes disasters in the lives of African Americans. Kalamu Ya Salaam, through the play, The Quest, states that African Americans cannot succeed in life unless they uphold their African heritage and find pride in their racial background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet has become an important medium for doing global business based on the state of the art technology. Electronic commerce has two major aspects: economical and technological. The stress of this course will show you how to get started in the complex and exciting world of Electronic Commerce. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of business transactions. This is an effective and efficient way of communicating within an organization and one of the most effective and useful ways of conducting business. The Study focuses on the global trends towards E commerce and Prospects in E-Commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retail is currently the flourishing sector of the Indian economy. The trend is expected to continue at least for the next two- three decades and to touch USD of 650 million marks in 2015-2016. The unorganized mom and pop shops are still dominating the Indian retail sector. The liberalization of the consumer goods industry initiated in the mid - 80's has impacted the retail industry structurally and paved the way for the development of organized retailing and it now grows at a rate of 30-40 percent in India. While the role of organized retailing in the growth of economy cannot be denied, the unorganized retailers in the vicinity of organized retailers are experiencing a decline in their volume of business and profit. It rings an alarming bell to traditional retailing which have existed in India for centuries and serving large chunk of consumers in both consumption and employment. The understanding of impacts of organized retailing on unorganized retailers in Tamilnadu state will enlighten the unorganized retailers to know where they stand in modern retailing and also the government in framing policies in the field of retailing. The present study is an attempt in this direction to know both the positive and negative impacts on the unorganized retailers in the study area, giving empirical evidence on this much debating topic of to-day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]