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1. Predictors of adherence to public health behaviors for fighting COVID-19 derived from longitudinal data

Author

Birga M. Schumpe, Caspar J. Van Lissa, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Kai Ruggeri, Jochen Mierau, Claudia F. Nisa, Erica Molinario, Michele J. Gelfand, Wolfgang Stroebe, Maximilian Agostini, Ben Gützkow, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Jannis Kreienkamp, Maja Kutlaca, Edward P. Lemay, Anne Margit Reitsema, Michelle R. vanDellen, Georgios Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Carlos A. Almenara, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Allan B. I. Bernardo, Nicholas R. Buttrick, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sara Csaba, Kaja Damnjanović, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Karen M. Douglas, Violeta Enea, Daiane Faller, Gavan J. Fitzsimons, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Ali Hamaidia, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Joevarian Hudiyana, Ding-Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanović, Zeljka Kamenov, Anna Kende, Shian-Ling Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Joshua Krause, Arie W. Kruglanski, Anton Kurapov, Nóra Anna Lantos, Cokorda Bagus J. Lesmana, Winnifred R. Louis, Adrian Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton P. Martinez, Kira O. McCabe, Jasmina Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Silvana Mula, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Boglárka Nyúl, Paul A. O’Keefe, Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Evgeny N. Osin, Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Antonio Pierro, Jonas H. Rees, Elena Resta, Marika Rullo, Michelle K. Ryan, Adil Samekin, Pekka Santtila, Edyta Sasin, Heyla A. Selim, Michael Vicente Stanton, Samiah Sultana, Robbie M. Sutton, Eleftheria Tseliou, Akira Utsugi, Jolien A. van Breen, Kees Van Veen, Alexandra Vázquez, Robin Wollast, Victoria Wai-Lan Yeung, Somayeh Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang Zheng, Andreas Zick, Claudia Zúñiga, and N. Pontus Leander

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The present paper examines longitudinally how subjective perceptions about COVID-19, one’s community, and the government predict adherence to public health measures to reduce the spread of the virus. Using an international survey (N = 3040), we test how infection risk perception, trust in the governmental response and communications about COVID-19, conspiracy beliefs, social norms on distancing, tightness of culture, and community punishment predict various containment-related attitudes and behavior. Autoregressive analyses indicate that, at the personal level, personal hygiene behavior was predicted by personal infection risk perception. At social level, social distancing behaviors such as abstaining from face-to-face contact were predicted by perceived social norms. Support for behavioral mandates was predicted by confidence in the government and cultural tightness, whereas support for anti-lockdown protests was predicted by (lower) perceived clarity of communication about the virus. Results are discussed in light of policy implications and creating effective interventions.

Published
2022
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2. Lives versus Livelihoods? Perceived economic risk has a stronger association with support for COVID-19 preventive measures than perceived health risk

Author

Claudia F. Nisa, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Daiane G. Faller, Nicholas R. Buttrick, Jochen O. Mierau, Maura M. K. Austin, Birga M. Schumpe, Edyta M. Sasin, Maximilian Agostini, Ben Gützkow, Jannis Kreienkamp, Georgios Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Carlos A. Almenara, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Allan B. I. Bernardo, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sára Csaba, Kaja Damnjanović, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Karen M. Douglas, Violeta Enea, Gavan Fitzsimons, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Joanna Grzymala-Moszczynska, Ali Hamaidia, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Joevarian Hudiyana, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Ding-Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanović, Željka Kamenov, Anna Kende, Shian-Ling Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Joshua Krause, Arie W. Kruglanski, Anton Kurapov, Maja Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Edward P. Lemay, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Winnifred R. Louis, Adrian Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton Martinez, Kira O. McCabe, Jasmina Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Erica Molinario, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Silvana Mula, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Boglárka Nyúl, Paul A. O’Keefe, Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Evgeny N. Osin, Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Antonio Pierro, Jonas Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Elena Resta, Marika Rullo, Michelle K. Ryan, Adil Samekin, Pekka Santtila, Heyla A. Selim, Michael Vicente Stanton, Samiah Sultana, Robbie M. Sutton, Eleftheria Tseliou, Akira Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, Caspar J. Van Lissa, Kees Van Veen, Michelle R. vanDellen, Alexandra Vázquez, Robin Wollast, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Somayeh Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang Zheng, Andreas Zick, Claudia Zúñiga, and N. Pontus Leander

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract This paper examines whether compliance with COVID-19 mitigation measures is motivated by wanting to save lives or save the economy (or both), and which implications this carries to fight the pandemic. National representative samples were collected from 24 countries (N = 25,435). The main predictors were (1) perceived risk to contract coronavirus, (2) perceived risk to suffer economic losses due to coronavirus, and (3) their interaction effect. Individual and country-level variables were added as covariates in multilevel regression models. We examined compliance with various preventive health behaviors and support for strict containment policies. Results show that perceived economic risk consistently predicted mitigation behavior and policy support—and its effects were positive. Perceived health risk had mixed effects. Only two significant interactions between health and economic risk were identified—both positive.

Published
2021
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3. COVID-19 stressors and health behaviors: A multilevel longitudinal study across 86 countries

Author

Shian-Ling Keng, Michael V. Stanton, LeeAnn B. Haskins, Carlos A. Almenara, Jeannette Ickovics, Antwan Jones, Diana Grigsby-Toussaint, Maximilian Agostini, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Ben Gützkow, Jannis Kreienkamp, Edward P. Lemay, Jr., Michelle R. vanDellen, Georgios Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Allan B.I. Bernardo, Nicholas R. Buttrick, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon–Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sára Csaba, Kaja Damnjanovic, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Karen M. Douglas, Violeta Enea, Daiane G. Faller, Gavan Fitzsimons, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Ali Hamaidia, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Joevarian Hudiyana, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Ding–Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanović, Željka Kamenov, Anna Kende, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Joshua Krause, Arie W. Kruglanski, Anton Kurapov, Maja Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Winnifred R. Louis, Adrian Lueders, Marta Maj, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton Martinez, Kira O. McCabe, Jasmina Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Erica Molinario, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Silvana Mula, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Claudia F. Nisa, Boglárka Nyúl, Paul A. O'Keefe, Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Evgeny N. Osin, Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Antonio Pierro, Jonas Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Elena Resta, Marika Rullo, Michelle K. Ryan, Adil Samekin, Pekka Santtila, Edyta M. Sasin, Birga M. Schumpe, Heyla A. Selim, Wolfgang Stroebe, Samiah Sultana, Robbie M. Sutton, Eleftheria Tseliou, Akira Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, Caspar J. Van Lissa, Kees Van Veen, Alexandra Vázquez, Robin Wollast, Victoria Wai–lan Yeung, Somayeh Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang Zheng, Andreas Zick, Claudia Zúñiga, and N. Pontus Leander

Subjects
COVID-19, Health behaviors, Infection risk, Economic burden, Medicine
Abstract

Anxiety associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and home confinement has been associated with adverse health behaviors, such as unhealthy eating, smoking, and drinking. However, most studies have been limited by regional sampling, which precludes the examination of behavioral consequences associated with the pandemic at a global level. Further, few studies operationalized pandemic-related stressors to enable the investigation of the impact of different types of stressors on health outcomes. This study examined the association between perceived risk of COVID-19 infection and economic burden of COVID-19 with health-promoting and health-damaging behaviors using data from the PsyCorona Study: an international, longitudinal online study of psychological and behavioral correlates of COVID-19. Analyses utilized data from 7,402 participants from 86 countries across three waves of assessment between May 16 and June 13, 2020. Participants completed self-report measures of COVID-19 infection risk, COVID-19-related economic burden, physical exercise, diet quality, cigarette smoking, sleep quality, and binge drinking. Multilevel structural equation modeling analyses showed that across three time points, perceived economic burden was associated with reduced diet quality and sleep quality, as well as increased smoking. Diet quality and sleep quality were lowest among respondents who perceived high COVID-19 infection risk combined with high economic burden. Neither binge drinking nor exercise were associated with perceived COVID-19 infection risk, economic burden, or their interaction. Findings point to the value of developing interventions to address COVID-related stressors, which have an impact on health behaviors that, in turn, may influence vulnerability to COVID-19 and other health outcomes.

Published
2022
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4. Alternative Assessment Strategies to Enhance Learning for Students with Special Needs

Author

Valentina Avdiu and Vjollca Ahmedi

Abstract

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of alternative assessment tools in enhancing the learning for students with special needs. Conventional assessment methods frequently do not accommodate diverse learning styles and individual requirements, which may impede student engagement and academic achievement. This study analyzes the effectiveness of alternative assessment tools in enhancing the learning process through alignment with diverse student perspectives, interests, and abilities. The research utilized a quantitative approach, employing a standardized questionnaire across 15 educational settings to gather data on the use and impact of alternative assessment methods. The analysis demonstrated a statistically significant positive correlation between using alternative tools and improving the learning process for students with special needs (r = 0.364, p = 0.001). This finding demonstrates that alternative assessment methods effectively promote a supportive and inclusive learning environment. The study revealed specific relationships between alternative assessment tools and teacher training activities, alongside an overall positive correlation. The findings indicate that educators proficient in utilizing these tools are more inclined to witness positive results in their students. This study highlights the necessity of equipping educators with sufficient training and resources for the effective implementation of alternative assessment strategies. This study is defined by its quantitative, correlational, and descriptive approach, revealing a statistically significant positive linear relationship between alternative assessment methods and enhanced learning outcomes. The findings indicate that alternative assessment tools may enhance the educational experience for students with special needs, thereby promoting their academic success and engagement.

Published
2024

5. Concern with COVID-19 pandemic threat and attitudes towards immigrants: The mediating effect of the desire for tightness

Author

Silvana Mula, Daniela Di Santo, Elena Resta, Farin Bakhtiari, Conrad Baldner, Erica Molinario, Antonio Pierro, Michele J. Gelfand, Emmy Denison, Maximilian Agostini, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Ben Gützkow, Jannis Kreienkamp, Georgios Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Carlos A. Almenara, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Allan B.I. Bernardo, Nicholas R. Buttrick, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sára Csaba, Kaja Damnjanovic, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Karen M. Douglas, Violeta Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan J. Fitzsimons, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Ali Hamaidia, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Joevarian Hudiyana, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Ding-Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanović, Željka Kamenov, Anna Kende, Shian-Ling Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Joshua Krause, Arie W. Kruglanski, Anton Kurapov, Maja Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Edward P. Lemay, Jr, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Winnifred R. Louis, Adrian Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton Martinez, Kira O. McCabe, Jasmina Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Claudia F. Nisa, Boglárka Nyúl, Paul A. O'Keefe, Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Evgeny N. Osin, Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Jonas H. Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Marika Rullo, Michelle K. Ryan, Adil Samekin, Pekka Santtila, Edyta Sasin, Birga Mareen Schumpe, Heyla A. Selim, Michael Vicente Stanton, Wolfgang Stroebe, Samiah Sultana, Robbie M. Sutton, Eleftheria Tseliou, Akira Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, Caspar J. van Lissa, Kees Van Veen, Michelle R. vanDellen, Alexandra Vázquez, Robin Wollast, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Somayeh Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang Zheng, Andreas Zick, Claudia Zúñiga, and N. Pontus Leander

Subjects
COVID-19, Threat, Desire for tightness, Negative attitudes, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Tightening social norms is thought to be adaptive for dealing with collective threat yet it may have negative consequences for increasing prejudice. The present research investigated the role of desire for cultural tightness, triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, in increasing negative attitudes towards immigrants. We used participant-level data from 41 countries (N = 55,015) collected as part of the PsyCorona project, a cross-national longitudinal study on responses to COVID-19. Our predictions were tested through multilevel and SEM models, treating participants as nested within countries. Results showed that people's concern with COVID-19 threat was related to greater desire for tightness which, in turn, was linked to more negative attitudes towards immigrants. These findings were followed up with a longitudinal model (N = 2,349) which also showed that people's heightened concern with COVID-19 in an earlier stage of the pandemic was associated with an increase in their desire for tightness and negative attitudes towards immigrants later in time. Our findings offer insight into the trade-offs that tightening social norms under collective threat has for human groups.

Published
2022
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6. The Connection between Teachers' Reflection and Formative Assessment in Primary Schools

Author

Vjollca Ahmedi and Blerta Mehmetaj

Abstract

The rapid reforms that the education system in Kosovo has witnessed over the last decade are constantly challenging teachers and the teaching process. It is important for local institutions to gauge the success of different teaching practices to approve replication. Reflection is an integral part of learning and education as a whole. A highly reflective teacher believes that, through formative assessment and motivation techniques, all students will stay focused on learning. To explore the interplay between reflection and the use or lack of use of formative assessment by teachers, a two-way analysis using a t-test and a Levene's test for homogeneity of variance in teachers was performed depending on their general ability to reflect or not. The result of the t-test for the differences between teachers who used formative assessment or did not use the same was found to be t = 2.83, while the result of sig (Statistical significance of the two-way) showed significant differences between groups, with p = 0.007 < 0.05.

Published
2023

7. Justice beliefs and cultural values predict support for COVID-19 vaccination and quarantine behavioral mandates

Author

Todd, Lucas, Mark, Manning, Peter, Strelan, Catalina, Kopetz, Maximilian, Agostini, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Ben, Gützkow, Jannis, Kreienkamp, Georgios, Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca, Ahmedi, Handan, Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Mohsin, Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima, Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Bernardo, Allan B. I., Buttrick, Nicholas R., Phatthanakit, Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok, Choi, Mioara, Cristea, Sára, Csaba, Kaja, Damnjanovic, Ivan, Danyliuk, Arobindu, Dash, DI SANTO, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Violeta, Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan, Fitzsimons, Alexandra, Gheorghiu, Ángel, Gómez, Joanna, Grzymala-Moszczynska, Ali, Hamaidia, Qing, Han, Mai, Helmy, Joevarian, Hudiyana, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Ding-Yu, Jiang, Veljko, Jovanović, Željka, Kamenov, Anna, Kende, Shian-Ling, Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin, Koc, Kamila, Kovyazina, Inna, Kozytska, Joshua, Krause, Kruglanski, Arie W., Anton, Kurapov, Maja, Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Edward, P. Lemay Jr., Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Louis, Winnifred R., Adrian, Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton, Martinez, Mccabe, Kira O., Jasmina, Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris, Mohammed, Erica, Molinario, Manuel, Moyano, Hayat, Muhammad, Silvana, Mula, Hamdi, Muluk, Solomiia, Myroniuk, Reza, Najafi, Nisa, Claudia F., Boglárka, Nyúl, O’Keefe, Paul A., Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Osin, Evgeny N., Joonha, Park, Gennaro, Pica, Antonio, Pierro, Jonas, Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Elena, Resta, Marika, Rullo, Ryan, Michelle K., Adil, Samekin, Pekka, Santtila, Edyta, Sasin, Schumpe, Birga M., Selim, Heyla A., Michael Vicente Stanton, Wolfgang, Stroebe, Sutton, Robbie M., Eleftheria, Tseliou, Akira, Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, Van Lissa, Caspar J., Kees Van Veen, Vandellen, Michelle R., Alexandra, Vázquez, Robin, Wollast, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Somayeh, Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang, Zheng, Andreas, Zick, Claudia, Zúñiga, Pontus Leander, N., Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, and Organizational Psychology

Subjects
Adult, Male, COVID-19 Vaccines, vaccination, justice, cultural values, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Brief Report, Vaccination, Values, AcademicSubjects/SCI02170, Just world beliefs, Behavioral Neuroscience, Cultural dimensions, Social Justice, Quarantine, Humans, AcademicSubjects/MED00860, Applied Psychology, covid-19, quarantine, just world beliefs, values, cultural dimensions
Abstract

Understanding how individual beliefs and societal values influence support for measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission is vital to developing and implementing effective prevention policies. Using both Just World Theory and Cultural Dimensions Theory, the present study considered how individual-level justice beliefs and country-level social values predict support for vaccination and quarantine policy mandates to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Data from an international survey of adults from 46 countries (N = 6424) were used to evaluate how individual-level beliefs about justice for self and others, as well as national values—that is, power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence—influence support for vaccination and quarantine behavioral mandates. Multilevel modeling revealed that support for vaccination and quarantine mandates were positively associated with individual-level beliefs about justice for self, and negatively associated with country-level uncertainty avoidance. Significant cross-level interactions revealed that beliefs about justice for self were associated more strongly with support for mandatory vaccination in countries high in individualism, whereas beliefs about justice for others were more strongly associated with support for vaccination and quarantine mandates in countries high in long-term orientation. Beliefs about justice and cultural values can independently and also interactively influence support for evidence-based practices to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission, such as vaccination and quarantine. Understanding these multilevel influences may inform efforts to develop and implement effective prevention policies in varied national contexts.

Published
2022
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8. Cooperation and Trust Across Societies During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Romano, A., Spadaro, G., Balliet, D., Joireman, J., Van Lissa, C., Jin, S., Agostini, M., Belanger, J. J., Gutzkow, B., Kreienkamp, J., Georgios, Abakoumkin, Jamilah, Hanum, Abdul Khaiyom Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan, Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Anton, Kurapov, Mohsin, Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima, Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Buttrick, Nicholas R., Phatthanakit, Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok, Choi, Mioara, Cristea, Sára, Csaba, Kaja, Damnjanovic, Ivan, Danyliuk, Arobindu, Dash, DI SANTO, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Violeta, Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan, Fitzsimons, Alexandra, Gheorghiu, Ángel, Gómez, Qing, Han, Mai, Helmy, Joevarian, Hudiyana, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Ding-Yu, Jiang, Veljko, Jovanović, Željka, Kamenov, Anna, Kende, Shian-Ling, Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin, Koc, Kamila, Kovyazina, Inna, Kozytska, Joshua, Krause, Kruglanski, Arie W., Maja, Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Lemay, Edward P., Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Louis, Winnifred R., Adrian, Lueders, Najma, Malik, Anton, Martinez, Mccabe, Kira O., Jasmina, Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris, Mohammed, Erica, Molinario, Manuel, Moyano, Hayat, Muhammad, Mula, Silvana, Hamdi, Muluk, Solomiia, Myroniuk, Reza, Najafi, Nisa, Claudia F., Boglárka, Nyúl, O'Keefe, Paul A., Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Osin, Evgeny N., Joonha, Park, Gennaro, Pica, Pierro, Antonio, Jonas, Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Resta, Elena, Marika, Rullo, Ryan, Michelle K., Adil, Samekin, Pekka, Santtila, Edyta, Sasin, Birga Mareen Schumpe, Heyla, A Selim, Michael Vicente Stanton, Wolfgang, Stroebe, Samiah, Sultana, Sutton, Robbie M., Eleftheria, Tseliou, Akira, Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, Kees Van Veen, Vandellen, Michelle R., Alexandra, Vázquez, Robin, Wollast, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Somayeh, Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang, Zheng, Andreas, Zick, Claudia, Zúñiga, Leander, N. P., Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Organizational Psychology, Sociale Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), and IBBA

Subjects
Cultural Studies, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Social Psychology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), cooperation, 050109 social psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, Covid, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Pandemic, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, institutions, business.industry, 05 social sciences, COVID-19, trust, Social dilemma, Public relations, Public good, social dilemmas, culture, Anthropology, Key (cryptography), business, Psychology, PsyCorona
Abstract

Cross-societal differences in cooperation and trust among strangers in the provision of public goods may be key to understanding how societies are managing the COVID-19 pandemic. We report a survey conducted across 41 societies between March and May 2020 (N = 34,526), and test pre-registered hypotheses about how cross-societal differences in cooperation and trust relate to prosocial COVID-19 responses (e.g., social distancing), stringency of policies, and support for behavioral regulations (e.g., mandatory quarantine). We further tested whether cross-societal variation in institutions and ecologies theorized to impact cooperation were associated with prosocial COVID-19 responses, including institutional quality, religiosity, and historical prevalence of pathogens. We found substantial variation across societies in prosocial COVID-19 responses, stringency of policies, and support for behavioral regulations. However, we found no consistent evidence to support the idea that cross-societal variation in cooperation and trust among strangers is associated with these outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic. These results were replicated with another independent cross-cultural COVID-19 dataset (N = 112,136), and in both snowball and representative samples. We discuss implications of our results, including challenging the assumption that managing the COVID-19 pandemic across societies is best modeled as a public goods dilemma.

Published
2021
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9. Trust in government regarding COVID-19 and its associations with preventive health behaviour and prosocial behaviour during the pandemic

Author

Han, Q., Zheng, B., Cristea, M., Agostini, M., Belanger, J. J., Gutzkow, B., Kreienkamp, J., Georgios, Abakoumkin, Jamilah, Hanum, Abdul Khaiyom Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan, Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Anton, Kurapov, Mohsin, Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Daniel, Balliet, Sima, Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Buttrick, Nicholas R., Phatthanakit, Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok, Choi, Sára, Csaba, Kaja, Damnjanovic, Ivan, Danyliuk, Arobindu, Dash, DI SANTO, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Violeta, Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan, Fitzsimons, Alexandra, Gheorghiu, Ángel, Gómez, Mai, Helmy, Joevarian, Hudiyana, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Ding-Yu, Jiang, Shuxian, Jin, Veljko, Jovanović, Željka, Kamenov, Anna, Kende, Shian-Ling, Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin, Koc, Kamila, Kovyazina, Inna, Kozytska, Joshua, Krause, Kruglanski, Arie W., Maja, Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Lemay, Edward P., Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Louis, Winnifred R., Adrian, Lueders, Najma, Malik, Anton, Martinez, Mccabe, Kira O., Jasmina, Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris, Mohammed, Erica, Molinario, Manuel, Moyano, Hayat, Muhammad, Mula, Silvana, Hamdi, Muluk, Solomiia, Myroniuk, Reza, Najafi, Nisa, Claudia F., Boglárka, Nyúl, O'Keefe, Paul A., Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Osin, Evgeny N., Joonha, Park, Gennaro, Pica, Pierro, Antonio, Jonas, Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Resta, Elena, Angelo, Romano, Marika, Rullo, Ryan, Michelle K., Adil, Samekin, Pekka, Santtila, Edyta, Sasin, Birga Mareen Schumpe, Heyla, A Selim, Giuliana, Spadaro, Michael Vicente Stanton, Wolfgang, Stroebe, Samiah, Sultana, Sutton, Robbie M., Eleftheria, Tseliou, Akira, Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, van Lissa, Caspar J., Kees Van Veen, Vandellen, Michelle R., Alexandra, Vázquez, Robin, Wollast, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Somayeh, Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Andreas, Zick, Claudia, Zúñiga, Pontus, Leander., Social Psychology, and Developmental Psychology

Subjects
Longitudinal study, SATISFACTION, Public policy, BF, Trust, Structural equation modeling, Compliance (psychology), LESSONS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Pandemic, 050602 political science & public administration, 030212 general & internal medicine, Trust in government, COVID-19, Health Behaviours, Pro-social Behaviours, Baseline (configuration management), Applied Psychology, Government, CONSEQUENCES, POLITICAL RELEVANCE, Health Behaviours, 05 social sciences, GOVERNANCE, 0506 political science, Coronavirus, Psychiatry and Mental health, Prosocial behavior, Health, PUBLIC-HEALTH, Original Article, Psychology, DIFFICULTIES, PsyCorona, Covid-19
Abstract

BackgroundThe effective implementation of government policies and measures for controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires compliance from the public. This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of trust in government regarding COVID-19 control with the adoption of recommended health behaviours and prosocial behaviours, and potential determinants of trust in government during the pandemic.MethodsThis study analysed data from the PsyCorona Survey, an international project on COVID-19 that included 23 733 participants from 23 countries (representative in age and gender distributions by country) at baseline survey and 7785 participants who also completed follow-up surveys. Specification curve analysis was used to examine concurrent associations between trust in government and self-reported behaviours. We further used structural equation model to explore potential determinants of trust in government. Multilevel linear regressions were used to examine associations between baseline trust and longitudinal behavioural changes.ResultsHigher trust in government regarding COVID-19 control was significantly associated with higher adoption of health behaviours (handwashing, avoiding crowded space, self-quarantine) and prosocial behaviours in specification curve analyses (median standardised β = 0.173 and 0.229, p < 0.001). Government perceived as well organised, disseminating clear messages and knowledge on COVID-19, and perceived fairness were positively associated with trust in government (standardised β = 0.358, 0.230, 0.056, and 0.249, p < 0.01). Higher trust at baseline survey was significantly associated with lower rate of decline in health behaviours over time (p for interaction = 0.001).ConclusionsThese results highlighted the importance of trust in government in the control of COVID-19.

Published
2023

10. ‘We are all in the same boat’: How societal discontent affects intention to help during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Zeljka Kamenov, Hoon Seok Choi, Marika Rullo, N. Pontus Leander, Joonha Park, Ángel Gómez, Violeta Enea, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Alexandra Vázquez, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Ben Gützkow, Jonas Rees, Boglárka Nyúl, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Daniela Di Santo, Sára Csaba, Vjollca Ahmedi, Mirra Noor Milla, Ivan Danyliuk, Ding-Yu Jiang, Jannis Kreienkamp, Jasmina Mehulić, Elena Resta, Hayat Muhammad, Najma Iqbal Malik, Jolien Anne van Breen, Handan Akkas, Reza Najafi, Nick Buttrick, Claudia F. Nisa, Silvana Mula, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Caspar J. van Lissa, Maximilian Agostini, Karen M. Douglas, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Anna Kende, Arie W. Kruglanski, Evgeny Osin, Antonio Pierro, Idris Mohammed, Kees van Veen, Pekka Santtila, Edona Berisha Kida, Bang Zheng, Maja Kutlaca, Michelle K. Ryan, Mioara Cristea, Anton P. Martinez, Ali Hamaidia, Kira O. McCabe, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Shian-Ling Keng, Heyla A. Selim, Birga M. Schumpe, Michelle R. van Dellen, Yasin Koc, Solomiia Myroniuk, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Robin Wollast, Adil Samekin, Sima Basel, Manuel Moyano, Inna Kozytska, Edyta Sasin, Somayeh Zand, Arobindu Dash, Akira Utsugi, Kaja Damnjanović, Georgios Abakoumkin, Conrad Baldner, Wolfgang Stroebe, Robbie M. Sutton, Claudia Zúñiga, Joshua Krause, Edward P. Lemay, Eleftheria Tseliou, Kamila Kovyazina, Joevarian Hudiyana, Andreas Zick, Hamdi Muluk, Carlos A. Almenara, Adrian Lueders, Nóra Anna Lantos, Erica Molinario, Winnifred R. Louis, Gavan J. Fitzsimons, José Javier Olivas Osuna, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Iris Žeželj, Samiah Sultana, Mohsin Atta, Paul A. O’Keefe, Anton Kurapov, Anne Margit Reitsema, Qing Han, Allan B. I. Bernardo, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Gennaro Pica, Veljko Jovanović, Mai Helmy, Michael Vicente Stanton, Sociale Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Research programme OB, Research programme GEM, Organizational Psychology, Afd Sociale-,gezondheids- en organ.psych, Leerstoel Heijden, and Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences

Subjects
Longitudinal study, COVID-19, intention to help, societal discontent, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, 050109 social psychology, Crisis management, State (polity), COVID‐19, Political science, Phenomenon, 0502 economics and business, Pandemic, Global health, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Research Articles, media_common, 05 social sciences, Multilevel model, 1. No poverty, 3. Good health, Social psychology, 050203 business & management, Research Article
Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a global health crisis. Consequently, many countries have adopted restrictive measures that caused a substantial change in society. Within this framework, it is reasonable to suppose that a sentiment of societal discontent, defined as generalized concern about the precarious state of society, has arisen. Literature shows that collectively experienced situations can motivate people to help each other. Since societal discontent is conceptualized as a collective phenomenon, we argue that it could influence intention to help others, particularly those who suffer from coronavirus. Thus, in the present study, we aimed (a) to explore the relationship between societal discontent and intention to help at the individual level and (b) to investigate a possible moderating effect of societal discontent at the country level on this relationship. To fulfil our purposes, we used data collected in 42 countries (N = 61,734) from the PsyCorona Survey, a cross-national longitudinal study. Results of multilevel analysis showed that, when societal discontent is experienced by the entire community, individuals dissatisfied with society are more prone to help others. Testing the model with longitudinal data (N = 3,817) confirmed our results. Implications for those findings are discussed in relation to crisis management. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement. New York University Abu Dhabi

Published
2022

11. Intentions to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19: The Role of Prosociality and Conspiracy Beliefs across 20 Countries

Author

Violeta Enea, Nikolett Eisenbeck, David F. Carreno, Karen M. Douglas, Robbie M. Sutton, Maximilian Agostini, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Ben Gützkow, Jannis Kreienkamp, Georgios Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca Ahmedi, Handan Akkas, Carlos A. Almenara, Mohsin Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Sima Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Allan B. I. Bernardo, Nicholas R. Buttrick, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok Choi, Mioara Cristea, Sára Csaba, Kaja Damnjanovic, Ivan Danyliuk, Arobindu Dash, Daniela Di Santo, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan Fitzsimons, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Ángel Gómez, Joanna Grzymala-Moszczynska, Ali Hamaidia, Qing Han, Mai Helmy, Joevarian Hudiyana, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Ding-Yu Jiang, Veljko Jovanović, Željka Kamenov, Anna Kende, Shian-Ling Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin Koc, Kamila Kovyazina, Inna Kozytska, Joshua Krause, Arie W. Kruglanski, Anton Kurapov, Maja Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Edward P. Lemay, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Winnifred R. Louis, Adrian Lueders, Najma Iqbal Malik, Anton Martinez, Kira O. McCabe, Jasmina Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris Mohammed, Erica Molinario, Manuel Moyano, Hayat Muhammad, Silvana Mula, Hamdi Muluk, Solomiia Myroniuk, Reza Najafi, Claudia F. Nisa, Boglárka Nyúl, Paul A. O’Keefe, Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Evgeny N. Osin, Joonha Park, Gennaro Pica, Antonio Pierro, Jonas Rees, Anne Margit Reitsema, Elena Resta, Marika Rullo, Michelle K. Ryan, Adil Samekin, Pekka Santtila, Edyta Sasin, Birga M. Schumpe, Heyla A. Selim, Michael Vicente Stanton, Samiah Sultana, Eleftheria Tseliou, Akira Utsugi, Jolien Anne van Breen, Caspar J. Van Lissa, Kees Van Veen, Michelle R. vanDellen, Alexandra Vázquez, Robin Wollast, Victoria Wai-Lan Yeung, Somayeh Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Bang Zheng, Andreas Zick, Claudia Zúñiga, N. Pontus Leander, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Research programme OB, and Research programme GEM

Subjects
Health (social science), Communication, Vaccination, Health sciences, COVID-19, vaccination, intentions, vaccinaton, prosociality, conspiracy beliefs, Conspiracy beliefs, Sociology, Prosociality
Abstract

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is important to inform policy decisions and plan vaccination campaigns. The aims of this research were to: (1) explore the individual- and country-level determinants of intentions to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, and (2) examine worldwide variation in vaccination intentions. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, involving 6697 respondents across 20 countries. Results showed that 72.9% of participants reported positive intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas 16.8% were undecided, and 10.3% reported they would not be vaccinated. At the individual level, prosociality was a significant positive predictor of vaccination intentions, whereas generic beliefs in conspiracy theories and religiosity were negative predictors. Country-level determinants, including cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and power distance, were not significant predictors of vaccination intentions. Altogether, this study identifies individual-level predictors that are common across multiple countries, provides further evidence on the importance of combating conspiracy theories, involving religious institutions in vaccination campaigns, and stimulating prosocial motives to encourage vaccine uptake.

Published
2022
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12. Teachers’ Attitudes and Practices Towards Formative Assessment in Primary Schools

Author

Vjollca Ahmedi

Subjects
lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:H, primary education, teachers, practice, attitudes, formative assessment, lcsh:L7-991, lcsh:Education (General)
Abstract

The continual and swift reforms the education system in Kosovo has endured in the recent decade have continuously challenged the teaching staff. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether there is a connection between the teachers’ attitudes towards formative assessment and the application of this assessment method. The alternative hypothesis is that there is a statistically significant correlation between the teachers’ attitudes and actions towards formative assessment. Results indicate that a connection between the teachers’ attitudes and practices towards formative assessment, r=0.620, is noticeable. Tellingly, t-test results indicate that there are differences between attitudes towards formative assessment and its implementation in practice. The average of the teachers’ attitudes towards formative assessment is higher than the average of teachers who apply formative assessment.

Published
2019

13. Trust in government and its associations with health behaviour and prosocial behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Handan Akkas, Adrian Lueders, Nóra Anna Lantos, Erica Molinario, Winnifred R. Louis, Sára Csaba, Jocelyn J. Bélanger, Adil Samekin, Kamila Kovyazina, Claudia F. Nisa, Anne Marthe van der Bles, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Marika Rullo, Claudia Zúñiga, Anna Kende, Paul Anna O’Keefe, Robin Wollast, Sima Basel, Zeljka Kamenov, Bang Zheng, Kaja Damnjanović, Karen M. Douglas, Wolfgang Stroebe, Alexandra Gheorghiu, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Ángel Gómez, Violeta Enea, Elena Resta, Edyta Sasin, Bertus F. Jeronimus, Boglárka Nyúl, Inna Kozytska, Daniela Di Santo, Samiah Sultana, Anne Margit Reitsema, Gennaro Pica, Joonha Park, Carlos A. Almenara, Manuel Moyano, Idris Mohammed, Ding-Yu Jiang, Najma Iqbal Malik, Jannis Kreienkamp, Hayat Muhammad, Akira Utsugi, Kees van Veen, Maximilian Agostini, Alexandra Vázquez, Maja Kutlaca, Reza Najafi, Ben Gützkow, Michelle K. Ryan, Somayeh Zand, Mirra Noor Milla, Yasin Koc, Nick Buttrick, Arie W. Kruglanski, Anton P. Martinez, Thi Thanh Kieu Tra, Caspar J. van Lissa, Jonas Rees, Jasmina Mehulić, Eleftheria Tseliou, Veljko Jovanović, Silvana Mula, Jolien van Breen, Birga M. Schumpe, Arobindu Dash, Solomiia Myroniuk, Michael V. Stanton, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Joshua Krause, Vjollca Ahmedi, Heyla A. Selim, Shian-Ling Keng, Gavan J Fitzsimons, Hamdi Muluk, Mai Helmy, Iris Žeželj, Mioara Cristae, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Pekka Santtila, N. Pontus Leander, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Edona Berisha Kida, Edward P. Lemay, Phatthanakit Chobthamkit, Evgeny Osin, Andreas Zick, Hoon-Seok Choi, Antonio Pierro, Mohsin Atta, Georgios Abakoumkin, Javier Olivas Osuna Jose, Ivan Danyliuk, Robbie M. Sutton, Michelle R. vanDellen, Qin Han, Anton Kurapov, Kira O. McCabe, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, SOM GEM, and Organizational Psychology

Subjects
Government, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 05 social sciences, Control (management), 16. Peace & justice, Trust, Structural equation modeling, 0506 political science, Coronavirus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Prosocial behavior, Health, Pandemic, 050602 political science & public administration, Public trust, 030212 general & internal medicine, Psychology, PsyCorona, Covid-19, Implementation, Social psychology
Abstract

Previous studies suggested that public trust in government is vital for implementations of social policies that rely on public's behavioural responses. This study examined associations of trust in government regarding COVID-19 control with recommended health behaviours and prosocial behaviours. Data from an international survey with representative samples (N=23,733) of 23 countries were analysed. Specification curve analysis showed that higher trust in government was significantly associated with higher adoption of health and prosocial behaviours in all reasonable specifications of multilevel linear models (median standardised β=0.173 and 0.244, P

Published
2020

14. Associations of risk perception of COVID-19 with emotion and mental health during the pandemic

Author

Qing, Han, Bang, Zheng, Maximilian, Agostini, Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Ben, Gützkow, Jannis, Kreienkamp, Anne Margit Reitsema, van Breen, Jolien A., Georgios, Abakoumkin, Jamilah Hanum Abdul Khaiyom, Vjollca, Ahmedi, Handan, Akkas, Almenara, Carlos A., Anton, Kurapov, Mohsin, Atta, Sabahat Cigdem Bagci, Daniel, Balliet, Sima, Basel, Edona Berisha Kida, Buttrick, Nicholas R., Phatthanakit, Chobthamkit, Hoon-Seok, Choi, Mioara, Cristea, Sára, Csaba, Kaja, Damnjanovic, Ivan, Danyliuk, Arobindu, Dash, DI SANTO, Daniela, Douglas, Karen M., Violeta, Enea, Daiane Gracieli Faller, Gavan, Fitzsimons, Alexandra, Gheorghiu, Ángel, Gómez, Mai, Helmy, Joevarian, Hudiyana, Jeronimus, Bertus F., Ding-Yu, Jiang, Shuxian, Jin, Veljko, Jovanović, Željka, Kamenov, Anna, Kende, Shian-Ling, Keng, Tra Thi Thanh Kieu, Yasin, Koc, Kamila, Kovyazina, Inna, Kozytska, Joshua, Krause, Kruglanski, Arie W., Maja, Kutlaca, Nóra Anna Lantos, Lemay, Edward P., Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana, Louis, Winnifred R., Adrian, Lueders, Najma, Malik, Anton, Martinez, Mccabe, Kira O., Jasmina, Mehulić, Mirra Noor Milla, Idris, Mohammed, Erica, Molinario, Manuel, Moyano, Hayat, Muhammad, Silvana, Mula, Hamdi, Muluk, Solomiia, Myroniuk, Reza, Najafi, Nisa, Claudia F., Boglárka, Nyúl, O'Keefe, Paul A., Jose Javier Olivas Osuna, Osin, Evgeny N., Joonha, Park, Gennaro, Pica, Antonio, Pierro, Jonas, Rees, Elena, Resta, Angelo, Romano, Marika, Rullo, Ryan, Michelle K., Adil, Samekin, Pekka, Santtila, Edyta, Sasin, Birga Mareen Schumpe, Heyla, A Selim, Giuliana, Spadaro, Michael Vicente Stanton, Wolfgang, Stroebe, Samiah, Sultana, Sutton, Robbie M., Eleftheria, Tseliou, Akira, Utsugi, van Lissa, Caspar J., Kees Van Veen, Vandellen, Michelle R., Alexandra, Vázquez, Robin, Wollast, Victoria Wai-lan Yeung, Somayeh, Zand, Iris Lav Žeželj, Andreas, Zick, Claudia, Zúñiga, Pontus, Leander., Sociale Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Psychology Other Research (FMG), Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Organizational Psychology, and Research programme GEM

Subjects
Risk, Risk perception, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), genetic structures, Cross-sectional study, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, COVID-19, Emotion, Mental health, Risk perception, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emotions, Humans, Mental Health, Perception, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pandemics, Emotions, Psychological intervention, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, Pandemic, Humans, COVID-19, risk perception, emotion, mental health, education, Pandemics, media_common, Emotion, education.field_of_study, SARS-CoV-2, Mental health, 030227 psychiatry, Coronavirus, Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, sense organs, Psychology, PsyCorona, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, psychological phenomena and processes, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Highlights • Risk perception of COVID-19 was associated with more negative/less positive emotions. • Risk perception of COVID-19 was inversely associated with subsequent mental health. • The association between risk perception and mental health was mediated by emotions. • Specification curve analysis was used to avoid subjective analytical decisions., Background Although there are increasing concerns on mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, no large-scale population-based studies have examined the associations of risk perception of COVID-19 with emotion and subsequent mental health. Methods : This study analysed cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the PsyCorona Survey that included 54,845 participants from 112 countries, of which 23,278 participants are representative samples of 24 countries in terms of gender and age. Specification curve analysis (SCA) was used to examine associations of risk perception of COVID-19 with emotion and self-rated mental health. This robust method considers all reasonable model specifications to avoid subjective analytical decisions while accounting for multiple testing. Results : All 162 multilevel linear regressions in the SCA indicated that higher risk perception of COVID-19 was significantly associated with less positive or more negative emotions (median standardised β=-0.171, median SE=0.004, P0.05). Limitations Reliance on self-reported data. Conclusions : Risk perception of COVID-19 was associated with emotion and ultimately mental health. Interventions on reducing excessive risk perception and managing emotional distress could promote mental health.

Published
2021

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