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With 6 billion British pounds of public spending reductions already on the table, and far deeper cuts inevitable, what are the prospects for adult learning in the new Parliament? Some of the regular contributors of this journal were asked what they expected and what they would like to see. Ewart Keep warns that the coalition parties' commitments to schools and apprenticeships will mean bigger cuts elsewhere. David Rogers argues that local authorities need the flexibility to invest locally in adult learning, especially when it saves funding down the line on other budgets. Sally Hunt says ministers should speak to learners and frontline staff to find out what's at stake. Christopher Walden thinks that a small "win" in the initial announcements in the spring will mean nothing if adult funding is slashed in the autumn. Bob Fryer argues that creating the "big society" will demand a renewed commitment to education for independent and critical citizenship. Stephen Gorard says investing in proper research would save money on ineffective solutions and improve provision by backing schemes with the most chance of success. Ceri Williams suggests that there is a need to keep speaking up for adult learning and highlight those parts of the work that resonate with the "big society". Wendy Jones thinks that the new Parliament will see a bigger contribution to learning from outside the formal education sector. Ralph Hartley says there is waste but cuts must be accompanied by a restructuring of the funding system.

The aim of this study was to examine the trends and risk factors of antibiotic treatment for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), in the United States. We conducted a retrospective analysis of SSTIs visits utilizing the 2011–2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. There were over 43 million visits for SSTIs in the US. We found no association between antibiotic treatment and gender, age, race, insurance, region, and metropolitan statistical area. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) antibiotics were prescribed at 34.8% of SSTI visits, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) antibiotics at 27.5%, and other antibiotics at 21.7%. Among visits treated with an antibiotic, 40.4% (n = 378) received an antibiotic with MSSA coverage, while 59.6% (n = 558) received an antibiotic with MRSA coverage. Region where the visit occurred was associated with the use of MSSA versus MRSA antibiotics (p =.013). Mean age of visits receiving MSSA antibiotics was significantly older than visits receiving MRSA antibiotics, 53.8 ± 1.2 vs. 50.9 ± 0.9 (p =.045). This study found that providers more frequently utilize antibiotics with MRSA coverage for SSTIs. Antibiotic class chosen was associated with region, with MRSA coverage antibiotics more likely to be prescribed in the South. Additionally, individuals receiving antibiotics with MSSA coverage were older than those receiving antibiotics with MRSA coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first Doppler spectra ever acquired by an atmospheric radar at 200 GHz (G‐band) are presented. The observations were taken during a light precipitation event in May (rain rates <2 mm hr−1) at Chilbolton Observatory, UK, with coincident Ka‐band and W‐band Doppler radar measurements. The collected rain spectra agree with Mie theory predictions: at G‐band they show significant reductions in the spectral power return—as compared to theoretical Rayleigh scattering—corresponding to high Doppler velocities (i.e., large raindrops) with the presence of multiple peaks and "Mie notches" in correspondence to the maxima and minima of the raindrop backscattering cross sections. The first two G‐band Mie troughs correspond to smaller velocities/sizes than the first W‐band Mie notch. These features offered by G‐band radars pave the way toward applying, in rain, Mie notch vertical wind retrievals and multifrequency drop size distribution microphysical retrievals to smaller rain rates and smaller characteristic sizes than ever before. Plain Language Summary: The first Doppler velocity measurements ever acquired by an atmospheric radar at 200 GHz (in the so‐called G‐band) are presented. The observations were taken during a light precipitation event in May (rain rates <2 mm hr−1) at the STFC Chilbolton Observatory, UK, with coincident measurements at 35 and 94 GHz. At high Doppler velocities (i.e., in correspondence to large raindrops) the collected G‐band Doppler velocity spectra show significant non‐Rayleigh effects, as expected from scattering Mie theory when the wavelength is much larger than the scattering target dimension. This is highlighted by the presence of multiple peaks and minima in the spectral power return and by a significant reduction of the spectral power at G‐band compared to the other frequencies. The first two G‐band minima both correspond to smaller velocities/sizes than the first W‐band minimum, a direct consequence of the reduced wavelength of the G‐band radar. These novel features observed by G‐band radars pave the way toward applying, in rain, vertical wind retrievals and multifrequency drop size distribution retrievals to smaller rain rates and smaller characteristic drop sizes than ever before. Key Points: The first Doppler spectra ever acquired by an atmospheric radar at 200 GHz (G‐band) are presentedThe G‐band spectra in rain show the presence of Mie notches, as expected from Mie scattering theoryThe G‐band spectra pave the way toward applying vertical wind and multifrequency DSD retrievals at smaller rain rates than ever before [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]