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1. Nimble Navigators: Recollections of Parental Influence on Girls' Activism

Author

Wang, Gloria, Scotto-Lavino, Elisabeth, and Baily, Supriya

Abstract

During adolescence, activism provides an outlet for ideas, visions, and concerns about societal issues as teens stake their claim in society. Girls often engage in activism as they begin to form their independent identities and explore their communities. However, the extent of parental influence on activist engagement is unclear, as gendered differences exist in how parents interact with youth activism. In this study, we explore how women, as they move away from their teenage years, recollect parental influence on their journeys as activists and the impact of their work on their relationships with parents. Using phenomenological inquiry and bracketing of the data, we examine the pivotal memories of teen activists and how they contributed to activists' agency and relationships. Uncovering how women perceive the effects of parental influences on their teen activism will provide insight into how girls navigate the challenges of independence, activism, and family during formative teenage years.

Published
2023
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3. Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models

Author

Srivastava, Aarohi, Rastogi, Abhinav, Rao, Abhishek, Shoeb, Abu Awal Md, Abid, Abubakar, Fisch, Adam, Brown, Adam R., Santoro, Adam, Gupta, Aditya, Garriga-Alonso, Adrià, Kluska, Agnieszka, Lewkowycz, Aitor, Agarwal, Akshat, Power, Alethea, Ray, Alex, Warstadt, Alex, Kocurek, Alexander W., Safaya, Ali, Tazarv, Ali, Xiang, Alice, Parrish, Alicia, Nie, Allen, Hussain, Aman, Askell, Amanda, Dsouza, Amanda, Slone, Ambrose, Rahane, Ameet, Iyer, Anantharaman S., Andreassen, Anders, Madotto, Andrea, Santilli, Andrea, Stuhlmüller, Andreas, Dai, Andrew, La, Andrew, Lampinen, Andrew, Zou, Andy, Jiang, Angela, Chen, Angelica, Vuong, Anh, Gupta, Animesh, Gottardi, Anna, Norelli, Antonio, Venkatesh, Anu, Gholamidavoodi, Arash, Tabassum, Arfa, Menezes, Arul, Kirubarajan, Arun, Mullokandov, Asher, Sabharwal, Ashish, Herrick, Austin, Efrat, Avia, Erdem, Aykut, Karakaş, Ayla, Roberts, B. Ryan, Loe, Bao Sheng, Zoph, Barret, Bojanowski, Bartłomiej, Özyurt, Batuhan, Hedayatnia, Behnam, Neyshabur, Behnam, Inden, Benjamin, Stein, Benno, Ekmekci, Berk, Lin, Bill Yuchen, Howald, Blake, Orinion, Bryan, Diao, Cameron, Dour, Cameron, Stinson, Catherine, Argueta, Cedrick, Ramírez, César Ferri, Singh, Chandan, Rathkopf, Charles, Meng, Chenlin, Baral, Chitta, Wu, Chiyu, Callison-Burch, Chris, Waites, Chris, Voigt, Christian, Manning, Christopher D., Potts, Christopher, Ramirez, Cindy, Rivera, Clara E., Siro, Clemencia, Raffel, Colin, Ashcraft, Courtney, Garbacea, Cristina, Sileo, Damien, Garrette, Dan, Hendrycks, Dan, Kilman, Dan, Roth, Dan, Freeman, Daniel, Khashabi, Daniel, Levy, Daniel, González, Daniel Moseguí, Perszyk, Danielle, Hernandez, Danny, Chen, Danqi, Ippolito, Daphne, Gilboa, Dar, Dohan, David, Drakard, David, Jurgens, David, Datta, Debajyoti, Ganguli, Deep, Emelin, Denis, Kleyko, Denis, Yuret, Deniz, Chen, Derek, Tam, Derek, Hupkes, Dieuwke, Misra, Diganta, Buzan, Dilyar, Mollo, Dimitri Coelho, Yang, Diyi, Lee, Dong-Ho, Schrader, Dylan, Shutova, Ekaterina, Cubuk, Ekin Dogus, Segal, Elad, Hagerman, Eleanor, Barnes, Elizabeth, Donoway, Elizabeth, Pavlick, Ellie, Rodola, Emanuele, Lam, Emma, Chu, Eric, Tang, Eric, Erdem, Erkut, Chang, Ernie, Chi, Ethan A., Dyer, Ethan, Jerzak, Ethan, Kim, Ethan, Manyasi, Eunice Engefu, Zheltonozhskii, Evgenii, Xia, Fanyue, Siar, Fatemeh, Martínez-Plumed, Fernando, Happé, Francesca, Chollet, Francois, Rong, Frieda, Mishra, Gaurav, Winata, Genta Indra, de Melo, Gerard, Kruszewski, Germán, Parascandolo, Giambattista, Mariani, Giorgio, Wang, Gloria, Jaimovitch-López, Gonzalo, Betz, Gregor, Gur-Ari, Guy, Galijasevic, Hana, Kim, Hannah, Rashkin, Hannah, Hajishirzi, Hannaneh, Mehta, Harsh, Bogar, Hayden, Shevlin, Henry, Schütze, Hinrich, Yakura, Hiromu, Zhang, Hongming, Wong, Hugh Mee, Ng, Ian, Noble, Isaac, Jumelet, Jaap, Geissinger, Jack, Kernion, Jackson, Hilton, Jacob, Lee, Jaehoon, Fisac, Jaime Fernández, Simon, James B., Koppel, James, Zheng, James, Zou, James, Kocoń, Jan, Thompson, Jana, Wingfield, Janelle, Kaplan, Jared, Radom, Jarema, Sohl-Dickstein, Jascha, Phang, Jason, Wei, Jason, Yosinski, Jason, Novikova, Jekaterina, Bosscher, Jelle, Marsh, Jennifer, Kim, Jeremy, Taal, Jeroen, Engel, Jesse, Alabi, Jesujoba, Xu, Jiacheng, Song, Jiaming, Tang, Jillian, Waweru, Joan, Burden, John, Miller, John, Balis, John U., Batchelder, Jonathan, Berant, Jonathan, Frohberg, Jörg, Rozen, Jos, Hernandez-Orallo, Jose, Boudeman, Joseph, Guerr, Joseph, Jones, Joseph, Tenenbaum, Joshua B., Rule, Joshua S., Chua, Joyce, Kanclerz, Kamil, Livescu, Karen, Krauth, Karl, Gopalakrishnan, Karthik, Ignatyeva, Katerina, Markert, Katja, Dhole, Kaustubh D., Gimpel, Kevin, Omondi, Kevin, Mathewson, Kory, Chiafullo, Kristen, Shkaruta, Ksenia, Shridhar, Kumar, McDonell, Kyle, Richardson, Kyle, Reynolds, Laria, Gao, Leo, Zhang, Li, Dugan, Liam, Qin, Lianhui, Contreras-Ochando, Lidia, Morency, Louis-Philippe, Moschella, Luca, Lam, Lucas, Noble, Lucy, Schmidt, Ludwig, He, Luheng, Colón, Luis Oliveros, Metz, Luke, Şenel, Lütfi Kerem, Bosma, Maarten, Sap, Maarten, ter Hoeve, Maartje, Farooqi, Maheen, Faruqui, Manaal, Mazeika, Mantas, Baturan, Marco, Marelli, Marco, Maru, Marco, Quintana, Maria Jose Ramírez, Tolkiehn, Marie, Giulianelli, Mario, Lewis, Martha, Potthast, Martin, Leavitt, Matthew L., Hagen, Matthias, Schubert, Mátyás, Baitemirova, Medina Orduna, Arnaud, Melody, McElrath, Melvin, Yee, Michael A., Cohen, Michael, Gu, Michael, Ivanitskiy, Michael, Starritt, Michael, Strube, Michael, Swędrowski, Michał, Bevilacqua, Michele, Yasunaga, Michihiro, Kale, Mihir, Cain, Mike, Xu, Mimee, Suzgun, Mirac, Walker, Mitch, Tiwari, Mo, Bansal, Mohit, Aminnaseri, Moin, Geva, Mor, Gheini, Mozhdeh, T, Mukund Varma, Peng, Nanyun, Chi, Nathan A., Lee, Nayeon, Krakover, Neta Gur-Ari, Cameron, Nicholas, Roberts, Nicholas, Doiron, Nick, Martinez, Nicole, Nangia, Nikita, Deckers, Niklas, Muennighoff, Niklas, Keskar, Nitish Shirish, Iyer, Niveditha S., Constant, Noah, Fiedel, Noah, Wen, Nuan, Zhang, Oliver, Agha, Omar, Elbaghdadi, Omar, Levy, Omer, Evans, Owain, Casares, Pablo Antonio Moreno, Doshi, Parth, Fung, Pascale, Liang, Paul Pu, Vicol, Paul, Alipoormolabashi, Pegah, Liao, Peiyuan, Liang, Percy, Chang, Peter, Eckersley, Peter, Htut, Phu Mon, Hwang, Pinyu, Miłkowski, Piotr, Patil, Piyush, Pezeshkpour, Pouya, Oli, Priti, Mei, Qiaozhu, Lyu, Qing, Chen, Qinlang, Banjade, Rabin, Rudolph, Rachel Etta, Gabriel, Raefer, Habacker, Rahel, Risco, Ramon, Millière, Raphaël, Garg, Rhythm, Barnes, Richard, Saurous, Rif A., Arakawa, Riku, Raymaekers, Robbe, Frank, Robert, Sikand, Rohan, Novak, Roman, Sitelew, Roman, LeBras, Ronan, Liu, Rosanne, Jacobs, Rowan, Zhang, Rui, Salakhutdinov, Ruslan, Chi, Ryan, Lee, Ryan, Stovall, Ryan, Teehan, Ryan, Yang, Rylan, Singh, Sahib, Mohammad, Saif M., Anand, Sajant, Dillavou, Sam, Shleifer, Sam, Wiseman, Sam, Gruetter, Samuel, Bowman, Samuel R., Schoenholz, Samuel S., Han, Sanghyun, Kwatra, Sanjeev, Rous, Sarah A., Ghazarian, Sarik, Ghosh, Sayan, Casey, Sean, Bischoff, Sebastian, Gehrmann, Sebastian, Schuster, Sebastian, Sadeghi, Sepideh, Hamdan, Shadi, Zhou, Sharon, Srivastava, Shashank, Shi, Sherry, Singh, Shikhar, Asaadi, Shima, Gu, Shixiang Shane, Pachchigar, Shubh, Toshniwal, Shubham, Upadhyay, Shyam, Shyamolima, Debnath, Shakeri, Siamak, Thormeyer, Simon, Melzi, Simone, Reddy, Siva, Makini, Sneha Priscilla, Lee, Soo-Hwan, Torene, Spencer, Hatwar, Sriharsha, Dehaene, Stanislas, Divic, Stefan, Ermon, Stefano, Biderman, Stella, Lin, Stephanie, Prasad, Stephen, Piantadosi, Steven T., Shieber, Stuart M., Misherghi, Summer, Kiritchenko, Svetlana, Mishra, Swaroop, Linzen, Tal, Schuster, Tal, Li, Tao, Yu, Tao, Ali, Tariq, Hashimoto, Tatsu, Wu, Te-Lin, Desbordes, Théo, Rothschild, Theodore, Phan, Thomas, Wang, Tianle, Nkinyili, Tiberius, Schick, Timo, Kornev, Timofei, Tunduny, Titus, Gerstenberg, Tobias, Chang, Trenton, Neeraj, Trishala, Khot, Tushar, Shultz, Tyler, Shaham, Uri, Misra, Vedant, Demberg, Vera, Nyamai, Victoria, Raunak, Vikas, Ramasesh, Vinay, Prabhu, Vinay Uday, Padmakumar, Vishakh, Srikumar, Vivek, Fedus, William, Saunders, William, Zhang, William, Vossen, Wout, Ren, Xiang, Tong, Xiaoyu, Zhao, Xinran, Wu, Xinyi, Shen, Xudong, Yaghoobzadeh, Yadollah, Lakretz, Yair, Song, Yangqiu, Bahri, Yasaman, Choi, Yejin, Yang, Yichi, Hao, Yiding, Chen, Yifu, Belinkov, Yonatan, Hou, Yu, Hou, Yufang, Bai, Yuntao, Seid, Zachary, Zhao, Zhuoye, Wang, Zijian, Wang, Zijie J., Wang, Zirui, Wu, Ziyi, and Department of Philosophy

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, cs.LG, cs.CL, Machine Learning (stat.ML), cs.AI, stat.ML, Machine Learning (cs.LG), Computer Science - Computers and Society, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Statistics - Machine Learning, Computers and Society (cs.CY), Computation and Language (cs.CL), cs.CY
Abstract

Language models demonstrate both quantitative improvement and new qualitative capabilities with increasing scale. Despite their potentially transformative impact, these new capabilities are as yet poorly characterized. In order to inform future research, prepare for disruptive new model capabilities, and ameliorate socially harmful effects, it is vital that we understand the present and near-future capabilities and limitations of language models. To address this challenge, we introduce the Beyond the Imitation Game benchmark (BIG-bench). BIG-bench currently consists of 204 tasks, contributed by 450 authors across 132 institutions. Task topics are diverse, drawing problems from linguistics, childhood development, math, common-sense reasoning, biology, physics, social bias, software development, and beyond. BIG-bench focuses on tasks that are believed to be beyond the capabilities of current language models. We evaluate the behavior of OpenAI's GPT models, Google-internal dense transformer architectures, and Switch-style sparse transformers on BIG-bench, across model sizes spanning millions to hundreds of billions of parameters. In addition, a team of human expert raters performed all tasks in order to provide a strong baseline. Findings include: model performance and calibration both improve with scale, but are poor in absolute terms (and when compared with rater performance); performance is remarkably similar across model classes, though with benefits from sparsity; tasks that improve gradually and predictably commonly involve a large knowledge or memorization component, whereas tasks that exhibit "breakthrough" behavior at a critical scale often involve multiple steps or components, or brittle metrics; social bias typically increases with scale in settings with ambiguous context, but this can be improved with prompting., 27 pages, 17 figures + references and appendices, repo: https://github.com/google/BIG-bench

Published
2022

4. Nursing opinions on collaborating with residents in new and legacy OB/GYN programs.

Author

Swan, Kimberly, Dziadkowiec, Oliwier, Durbin, Jeffery S., Mosher, Kelly, Wang, Gloria Zhujun, Choi, Ye Ji, and Thrasher, Susan M.

Subjects
NURSES' attitudes, HOSPITAL medical staff, GYNECOLOGY, OBSTETRICS, INTERNSHIP programs, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Collaboration among physicians and nurses is vital and has shown to lead to better patient care and improve outcomes. Our study surveyed two groups of Labor and Delivery nurses in two regionally similar community hospitals in midwestern United States: one group from a new Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) residency program (n = 49) and another from an established (legacy) OB/GYN residency program (n = 49). The survey asked nurses from the hospital with new and legacy residency program about preparedness for working with residents, perceptions of nurse‐resident‐patient relationships, collaboration and opinions about how resident physicians impact patient safety. Most nurses from the legacy residency program showed positive perceptions of collaboration with the residency and institutional support. In the new OB/GYN residency program, nurses were generally neutral and showed skepticism about collaboration with OB/GYN resident physicians and institutional support. Nurses from both hospitals felt similarly in their comfort escalating issues to administration and in their satisfaction with interprofessional collaboration within Labor and Delivery units. Providing nurses with opportunities to learn about the role of new medical residents in their patient care setting as well as intentional collaboration between nursing and residency program administration might result in more effective collaboration between physician residents and nursing staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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5. Persistent Fetal SVT in a COVID-19 Positive Pregnancy

Author

Wang, Gloria, Stapley, Eric, Peterson, Sara, Parrott, Jessica, and Clark-Ganheart, Cecily

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Background. Rapid introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2 have posed unique challenges in understanding the disease, role in vertical transmission, and in developing management. We present a case of a patient with COVID-19 infection and fetus with new-onset fetal SVT. Case. A 26-year-old gravida 4 para 2012 with third trimester COVID-19 infection was diagnosed with new onset fetal SVT. Successful cardioversion was achieved with flecainide. The patient was followed outpatient until induction of labor at 39 and 3/7 weeks of gestational age resulting in an uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Postpartum course was uncomplicated. Conclusion. Fetal SVT is a potential complication of maternal COVID-19 infection. The use of transplacental therapy with flecainide is an appropriate alternative to digoxin in these cases.

Published
2022
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6. NL-Augmenter: A Framework for Task-Sensitive Natural Language Augmentation

Author

Dhole, Kaustubh D., Gangal, Varun, Gehrmann, Sebastian, Gupta, Aadesh, Li, Zhenhao, Mahamood, Saad, Mahendiran, Abinaya, Mille, Simon, Shrivastava, Ashish, Tan, Samson, Wu, Tongshuang, Sohl-Dickstein, Jascha, Choi, Jinho D., Hovy, Eduard, Dusek, Ondrej, Ruder, Sebastian, Anand, Sajant, Aneja, Nagender, Banjade, Rabin, Barthe, Lisa, Behnke, Hanna, Berlot-Attwell, Ian, Boyle, Connor, Brun, Caroline, Cabezudo, Marco Antonio Sobrevilla, Cahyawijaya, Samuel, Chapuis, Emile, Che, Wanxiang, Choudhary, Mukund, Clauss, Christian, Colombo, Pierre, Cornell, Filip, Dagan, Gautier, Das, Mayukh, Dixit, Tanay, Dopierre, Thomas, Dray, Paul-Alexis, Dubey, Suchitra, Ekeinhor, Tatiana, Di Giovanni, Marco, Goyal, Tanya, Gupta, Rishabh, Hamla, Louanes, Han, Sang, Harel-Canada, Fabrice, Honore, Antoine, Jindal, Ishan, Joniak, Przemyslaw K., Kleyko, Denis, Kovatchev, Venelin, Krishna, Kalpesh, Kumar, Ashutosh, Langer, Stefan, Lee, Seungjae Ryan, Levinson, Corey James, Liang, Hualou, Liang, Kaizhao, Liu, Zhexiong, Lukyanenko, Andrey, Marivate, Vukosi, de Melo, Gerard, Meoni, Simon, Meyer, Maxime, Mir, Afnan, Moosavi, Nafise Sadat, Muennighoff, Niklas, Mun, Timothy Sum Hon, Murray, Kenton, Namysl, Marcin, Obedkova, Maria, Oli, Priti, Pasricha, Nivranshu, Pfister, Jan, Plant, Richard, Prabhu, Vinay, Pais, Vasile, Qin, Libo, Raji, Shahab, Rajpoot, Pawan Kumar, Raunak, Vikas, Rinberg, Roy, Roberts, Nicolas, Rodriguez, Juan Diego, Roux, Claude, S., Vasconcellos P. H., Sai, Ananya B., Schmidt, Robin M., Scialom, Thomas, Sefara, Tshephisho, Shamsi, Saqib N., Shen, Xudong, Shi, Haoyue, Shi, Yiwen, Shvets, Anna, Siegel, Nick, Sileo, Damien, Simon, Jamie, Singh, Chandan, Sitelew, Roman, Soni, Priyank, Sorensen, Taylor, Soto, William, Srivastava, Aman, Srivatsa, KV Aditya, Sun, Tony, T, Mukund Varma, Tabassum, A, Tan, Fiona Anting, Teehan, Ryan, Tiwari, Mo, Tolkiehn, Marie, Wang, Athena, Wang, Zijian, Wang, Gloria, Wang, Zijie J., Wei, Fuxuan, Wilie, Bryan, Winata, Genta Indra, Wu, Xinyi, Wydmański, Witold, Xie, Tianbao, Yaseen, Usama, Yee, Michael A., Zhang, Jing, and Zhang, Yue

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computation and Language (cs.CL), Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract

Data augmentation is an important component in the robustness evaluation of models in natural language processing (NLP) and in enhancing the diversity of the data they are trained on. In this paper, we present NL-Augmenter, a new participatory Python-based natural language augmentation framework which supports the creation of both transformations (modifications to the data) and filters (data splits according to specific features). We describe the framework and an initial set of 117 transformations and 23 filters for a variety of natural language tasks. We demonstrate the efficacy of NL-Augmenter by using several of its transformations to analyze the robustness of popular natural language models. The infrastructure, datacards and robustness analysis results are available publicly on the NL-Augmenter repository (https://github.com/GEM-benchmark/NL-Augmenter)., 39 pages, repository at https://github.com/GEM-benchmark/NL-Augmenter

Published
2021

7. Anomaly Detection with SDAE

Author

Smith, Benjamin, Cant, Kevin, and Wang, Gloria

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning, Machine Learning (stat.ML), Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract

Anomaly detection is a prominent data preprocessing step in learning applications for correction and/or removal of faulty data. Automating this data type with the use of autoencoders could increase the quality of the dataset by isolating anomalies that were missed through manual or basic statistical analysis. A Simple, Deep, and Supervised Deep Autoencoder were trained and compared for anomaly detection over the ASHRAE building energy dataset. Given the restricted parameters under which the models were trained, the Deep Autoencoder perfoms the best, however, the Supervised Deep Autoencoder outperforms the other models in total anomalies detected when considerations for the test datasets are given., 9 pages, 20 figures

Published
2020

12. The Inheritance of Activism: Does Social Capital Shape Women's Lives?

Author

Baily, Supriya, Wang, Gloria, and Scotto-Lavino, Elisabeth

Subjects
IDENTITY (Psychology), SOCIAL capital, SOCIAL advocacy, WOMEN leaders, VIRTUAL communities, MENOPAUSE
Abstract

In the call for proposals for this special issue, activist networks were defined as virtual or in person communities devoted to social change. The impact for girls active in these networks has been shown to promote identity development and de-marginalization/empowerment/reclamation of political spaces where girls are marginalized, intergenerational collaboration among women, and community building among feminists. In this study, we seek to explore how women at different generational points reflect on and remember their engagement in social activism. Understanding how these generational shifts affect the impact of social capital on the lives of these women and the changes we might see as they mature into leaders will provide a platform to better understand the influence of belonging to such networks during girlhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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13. Comparison of Using One Trabecular Microbypass Stent versus Two during Cataract Surgery at Two Sites: One-Year Follow-Up.

Author

Yang, Shuo, Ittarat, Mantapond, Tran, Elaine, Ferrell, Patricia, Wang, Gloria, Fisher, Ann C., Li, Zhongqiu, and Chang, Robert T.

Subjects
GLAUCOMA surgery, CATARACT surgery, COMPARATIVE studies, OPHTHALMIC surgery, GLAUCOMA, HOSPITALS, PATIENT aftercare, INTRAOCULAR pressure, MEDICAL records, SURGICAL stents, SURGICAL complications, TREATMENT effectiveness, RETROSPECTIVE studies, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ACQUISITION of data methodology
Abstract

Purpose. To compare IOP and ocular hypotensive medication reduction of using one trabecular microbypass stent versus two in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Setting. Palo Alto Veterans Affairs (VA) Hospital and the Byers Eye Institute at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA. Design. Retrospective case series. Methods. A chart review included patients who underwent trabecular microbypass implantation with cataract surgery in 2015-2017, with at least one-year follow-up. Subjects were divided into two groups by location (always one stent at Stanford versus two stents at the VA). Primary outcome measures included IOP and medication reduction at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Results. 132 subjects (166 eyes) were included. The preoperative IOP was 16.3 ± 3.4 mmHg on 2.6 ± 1.1 medications in the one-stent group (N = 85) and 17.5 ± 3.1 mmHg on 2.7 ± 0.6 medications in the two-stent group (N = 81). There was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.06). At the 12-month visit, there was a 13.37 % ± 2.93 reduction in IOP in the 1-stent group (p ≤ 0.001) and 13.49 % ± 2.69 in the 2-stent group (p ≤ 0.001); both were not significantly different from each other (p = 0.074). At 12 months, there was also a 14.5% reduction in medication use for the 1-stent group and 15.3% reduction in the 2-stent group, both statistically significant from baseline, (p = 0.022 and p = 0.037 , respectively). Conclusions. Implantation with either one or two stents during cataract surgery in patients with glaucoma demonstrated similar IOP and med reduction in both groups between the two sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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14. Demonstrating cross-modal enhancement in a real food with a modified ABX test.

Author

Wang, Gloria, Bakke, Alyssa J., Hayes, John E., and Hopfer, Helene

Subjects
*NONNUTRITIVE sweeteners, *FOOD aroma, *SKIM milk, *ODORS, *CONSUMPTION (Economics), *EXAMINATIONS
Abstract

• Taste-aroma interaction between sucrose and vanilla was demonstrated in skim milk. • A modified ABX matching test was used as a non-scaling test method. • Compared to a scaling test, larger enhancement effects were found. • Both congruent and non-congruent aromas showed sweetness enhancement effects. • Sweetness enhancement was greatest with the congruent aroma in the non-scaling test. Given widespread concerns about sugar intake and health, manufacturers are reformulating their products to help address consumer demand. One common strategy is the use of non-nutritive sweeteners; however, these may come with undesirable bitter and/or metallic side tastes or temporal profiles. One alternative sugar reduction strategy involves leveraging perceptual interactions between taste and smell. Prior work suggests that congruent aromas (appropriate for combination with sugar) can enhance sweetness when added to certain foods. However, demonstrating such enhancement psychophysically is not straight forward, as the conceptual strategy used by assessors can influence whether or not enhancement is observed. Here, a non-scaling approach was used to test for such enhancement. Two simple extensions of the ABX test (namely, matching in ABCX and ABCDX tasks) were used to demonstrate the effect of a congruent (vanilla) and incongruent (beef) aroma on sweetness perception in sweetened milk. Our data suggest both flavors were able to cause enhancement in the flavored milk samples, but enhancement effect was greater for the congruent aroma when compared to the incongruent aroma (p < 0.05). Additionally, greater enhancement was found via the modified ABX matching test, as compared to data obtained via a scaling task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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15. Dose-Response Relationships for Vanilla Flavor and Sucrose in Skim Milk: Evidence of Synergy.

Author

Wang, Gloria, Hayes, John E., Ziegler, Gregory R., Roberts, Robert F., and Hopfer, Helene

Subjects
SKIM milk, DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry, MILK flavor & odor, SUCROSE, SWEETNESS (Taste)
Abstract

Regarding cross-modality research, taste-aroma interaction is one of the most studied areas of research. Some studies have reported enhancement of sweetness by aroma, although it is unclear as to whether these effects actually occur: depending on the cognitive strategy employed by panelists, the effects may disappear, e.g., forcing panelists into an analytical strategy to control for dumping may not be able to reveal perceptual interactions. Previous studies have largely focused on solutions and model foods, and did not test stimuli or concentrations relevant to real food applications. This study addresses these gaps: 18 vanilla flavored sucrose milks, varying between 0-0.75% (w/w) two-fold vanilla, and 0-5% (w/w) sucrose, were rated by 108 panelists for liking and perceived sweetness, vanilla flavor, milk flavor, and thickness. Interactions between vanilla and sucrose were measured using deviations of real mixtures from additive models (via the isobole method), indicating vanilla aroma does enhance perceived sweetness. However, the sweetness enhancing effect of vanilla aroma was not as pronounced as that of sucrose on vanilla flavor. Measurable cross-modal interactions occur despite using an analytical cognitive strategy. More work is needed to investigate the influence of perceptual strategy on the degree of taste-aroma interactions in real foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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16. Gordon: CRA May Not Fetter Discretion On Interest Relief Application

Author

Wang, Gloria

Subjects
Attorneys general -- Cases, Automobile dealers -- Cases, Excise taxes -- Cases, Tax collection -- Cases, Company legal issue, Business, international
Abstract

In Gordon v Canada (Attorney General) (2016 FC 643), the Federal Court granted the taxpayer's application for judicial review and reminded the CRA that it may not fetter its discretion [...]

Published
2016

17. Environmental variables associated with fish biodiversity in stormwater ponds in Ontario.

Author

Wang, Gloria and Jackson, Donald

Subjects
FISHES, PONDS
Abstract

Urbanization is associated with the ecological degradation of streams due to high inflows of stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces. Stormwater ponds (SWPs) are artificial ponds designed to divert runoff from streams by retaining stormwater before slowly releasing it into streams. In highly urbanized areas where aquatic habitat is otherwise scarce, SWPs can be biodiversity hotspots for many aquatic taxa. However, many SWPs can suffer from salinization, pollution, eutrophication, and hypoxia that affect aquatic species potentially using these ponds. While groups such as benthic invertebrates have been well studied, there is little existing research on fishes in SWPs despite reports of fish being found in them. We sampled fish species composition in 50 SWPs from Brampton, Ontario, along with the associated water quality characteristics, to determine how environmental conditions may impact the fish communities. We determine the relative importance of water quality, pond design, and landscape variables in predicting fish species richness and community composition. As SWPs release into the headwaters of adjacent streams, their contents are likely to impact adjoining streams, rivers, and ultimately Lake Ontario. The findings of this study can help inform SWP management to improve ecological function, as well as identify the potential effects of SWP outflow on downstream waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

19. Reviewers

Author

Abdolghafoorian, Hamed, Ahmed, Bilawal, Amlani, Shehzad, Angouw, Karina, Apriliani, Adinda K., Aygin, Deren, Badhrinarayanan, Shreya, Baker, Christopher B., Balasoglu, Emalina, Bangero, Joener B., Barba, Carlos E., Beveridge, Tyler S., Bhatti, Usman, Blackburn, Kaitlyn Marie, Bodie, Brandon, Borges, Gonçalo, Brisson, Michael, Brooke, Dewey, Cahilog, Zhen, Carney, Rhonda, Cela, Bekim A., Charboneau, Alex J., Chen, Y.S., Cicani, Laura, Clark, Ryan, Cochran, Sam, Daniels, Natasha, Davies, Taylor, Dilaver, Nafi Mehmet, Dionisie, Repetchi, DuBois, Darcelle, Duenk, Larry L., Dufka, Faustine, Duralde, Erin, Ennes, Alexander Panayotou, Erb, Gregory M., Erdem, Muhammed Said, Fambiatos, Adam, Ferrando, Lisa, Fortin, Francis, Fourie, Helene, Franklin, Jameelah, Ganbat, Dariimaa, Valdez Garcia, Jose Angel, Zúñiga García, José Manuel, Figueroa Garcia, Martha Luisa, Garth, Lauren, Ghaly, Andrew R., Gol-Chambers, Alexandra, Gomes, Joseph, González, Patricia Téllez, Greco, Natalie, Hadjiandreou, Mr. Michalis, Hagar, Emily, Haire, Randolph D., Hamilton, Guy P., Hassen, Sara Seife, Hawks, Stephanie, Highton, Georgina, Hinchey, Sherri A., Hinds, Stephanie Anne, Hines, Adriane, Honeycutt, P. Barrett, Hricz, Craig, Huang, Warren, Hubeishy, Moudi, Ingram, Cameron M., Inouye, Aaron, Jaket, Courtney, Jefferies, Tolbert Dewayne, Jones, Benjamen, Jones, Hayden R., Kaminskaite, Viktorija, Klee, Alan, Krinock, Matthew, Krzywicki, Matthew, Law, Gemma Therese, Lawes, Caitlin M., Lorié, Natalia Soriano, Lowe, Melodie M., Lyon, Zachary, Kamil M., Macauley, Precious, Mahajan, Ankita, Malligan, Hugh J., Marcano, Yobanny Kafruni, Martin, Livingston, Martins, Maria Eduarda P.F., McClure, Amber, Mittal, Ramona, Monge, Eunice, Moran, Sean, Motosko, Catherine, Naidu, Nandita Natasha, Napaul, Gemma, Nayar, Nishchey, Newman, Ory S., Nitsch, Ann Margareth Wagner, Njoku, Eberechukwu G., Obaña, Caryl Joy C., Ogunseyila, Abimbola, Olea, Alain Garcia, Ong, Philip, Otniel, Boingeanu, Pacik, Deborah, Parfitt, Hollie, Paschal, Erika, Pearson, Emma, Phillips, D. Alexander, Pires-Ménard, Alexandra, Rainge-Campbell, Kristian, Ramsay, Joshua G., Randolph, Charles, Rassa, Nazanin, Richmond, Craig Stuart, Rogahn, Megan, Rowe, Aurielle E., Saberi-Movahed, Seena, Sabir, Sarah, Sanchez, Julienne Rowelie A., Santos, Andrea Lizeth Tarazona, Sarlo, Danielle N., Sarwal, Dhruv, Savelkoel, Jelmer, Shane, Matthew R., Shing, Leung, Ka, Shively, Jordan, Sleiman, Naama H., Smeaton, Jessica Zarathena, Smith, Valerie, Strange, Jehu, Stretton, Brandon, Sutton, Louisa, Switzer, Benjamin, Szablewski, Zachary, Tchaconas, Alexis, Thambirajah, Stella, Tompson, Jeffrey D., Tran, Tuyet Hong, Uhm, Tae Kyu, VanHam, Raymond, Varughese, Blessy, Verheyden, Matthew, Vinycomb, Tobias, Viqueira, Marta Costoya, Wang, Gloria Z., Weng, Ow Kok, Wike, Christopher, Wilson, Brent, Wisbeck, Alex, Woodard, Jennifer, Yang, Loo Li, Zaidi, Mohammad, Zhang, Chen, and Zovath, Andrew J.

Published
2017
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22. Wavefront-guided LASIK helpful tool for residual myopia.

Author

Wang, Gloria

Subjects
*LASIK, *REFRACTIVE errors, *REFRACTIVE lamellar keratoplasty, *MYOPIA treatment, *ASTIGMATISM, *THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

The article reports that wavefront-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis retreatment with VISX CustomVue platform is effective in treating high myopia with astigmatism. Dr. Gloria Wang conducted and colleague conducted a study that evaluates effects of high-order root mean square (RMS) preoperatively and postoperatively. Analysis revealed RMS decreases, no complications developed and no cases of epithelial ingrowth. Wang claims longer follow-up is needed to assess refraction stability.

Published
2006

23. Closed-Globe Injuries of the Ocular Surface Associated with Combat Blast Exposure.

Author

Cockerham, Glenn C., Lemke, Sonne, Rice, Thomas A., Wang, Gloria, Glynn-Milley, Catherine, Zumhagen, Lars, and Cockerham, Kimberly P.

Subjects
*CONJUNCTIVA, *CORNEA injuries, *ENDOTHELIAL cells, *BRAIN injuries, *SLIT lamp microscopy, *GONIOSCOPY, *CROSS-sectional method
Abstract

Purpose To describe closed-globe conjunctival and corneal injuries and endothelial cell abnormalities associated with blast exposure and their relationships to other closed-globe injuries and blast-event characteristics. Design Observational cross-sectional study. Participants Veterans with a history of blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods History and ocular examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, specular microscopy. Main Outcome Measures Type and location of blast injuries to the conjunctiva and cornea. Results Ocular surface injuries were present in 25% (16 of 65) of blast-exposed veterans with TBI. Injuries included partial-thickness anterior stromal corneal scars (15 eyes), Descemet membrane ruptures (6 eyes), and conjunctival or corneal foreign bodies (7 eyes). Based on normative information from an age-matched comparison group, endothelial cell abnormalities were identified in 37% of participants. Eyes with ocular surface injury were more likely to have lower endothelial cell density, higher coefficient of variation of cell area, and lower percentage of hexagonal cells compared with eyes without injury. Presence of ocular surface injury or endothelial cell abnormalities was associated with elevated rates of other anterior and posterior segment injuries, as well as impairment of visual acuity. We found no relationship between ballistic eyewear use or severity level of TBI and presence of ocular surface injuries from blast. Conclusions Independent of TBI severity or use of protective eyewear, ocular surface injuries and endothelial cell abnormalities were found in significant numbers of veterans with blast-related brain injury. Descemet membrane ruptures from blast exposure were described. Ocular surface trauma was associated with other ocular injuries throughout the globe. Potential mechanisms for the types and locations of ocular injuries seen were discussed. Any corneal or conjunctival injury in a blast survivor should prompt a thorough ocular trauma examination, including gonioscopy and specular microscopy, with appropriate follow-up for associated injuries. Longitudinal studies are required to determine long-term visual outcomes after blast exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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24. Synthesis of a FTO inhibitor with anticonvulsant activity.

Author

Zheng G, Cox T, Tribbey L, Wang GZ, Iacoban P, Booher ME, Gabriel GJ, Zhou L, Bae N, Rowles J, He C, and Olsen MJ

Subjects
Adenosine analogs & derivatives, Adenosine metabolism, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO, Animals, Anticonvulsants chemistry, Anticonvulsants pharmacology, Blotting, Western, Catalytic Domain, Disease Models, Animal, Epilepsy drug therapy, HeLa Cells, Humans, Mice, MicroRNAs metabolism, Mixed Function Oxygenases chemistry, Models, Chemical, Molecular Structure, Oxo-Acid-Lyases chemistry, Proteins chemistry, Anticonvulsants chemical synthesis, Mixed Function Oxygenases antagonists & inhibitors, Oxo-Acid-Lyases antagonists & inhibitors, Proteins antagonists & inhibitors
Abstract

We describe the rationale for and the synthesis of a new class of compounds utilizing a modular approach that are designed to mimic ascorbic acid and to inhibit 2-oxoglutarate-dependent hydroxylases. Preliminary characterization of one of these compounds indicates in vivo anticonvulsant activity (6 Hz mouse model) at nontoxic doses, inhibition of the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase FTO, and expected increase in cellular N(6)-methyladenosine. This compound is also able to modulate various microRNA, an interesting result in light of the recent view that modulation of microRNAs may be useful for the treatment of CNS disease.

Published
2014
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25. A TET homologue protein from Coprinopsis cinerea (CcTET) that biochemically converts 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-formylcytosine, and 5-carboxylcytosine.

Author

Zhang L, Chen W, Iyer LM, Hu J, Wang G, Fu Y, Yu M, Dai Q, Aravind L, and He C

Subjects
Cytosine metabolism, 5-Methylcytosine metabolism, Agaricales metabolism, Cytosine analogs & derivatives, Dioxygenases metabolism, Fungal Proteins metabolism
Abstract

DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) plays critical biological functions in mammals and plants as a vital epigenetic marker. The Ten-Eleven translocation dioxygenases (TET1, 2, and 3) have been found to oxidize 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and then to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) in mammalian cells. We report herein three mushroom TET homologues from Coprinopsis cinerea that can mediate 5mC oxidation. Specifically, one homologue (CC1G&#95;05589, CcTET) shows similar activity to its mammalian TET homologues. Biochemically, CcTET actively converts 5mC to 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC under natural conditions (pH 7.0). Interestingly, CcTET also converts the majority of 5mC to 5fC under slightly acidic (pH 5.8) and neutral conditions. Kinetics analyses of the oxidation by CcTET under neutral conditions indicate that conversion of 5mC to 5hmC and 5hmC to 5fC are faster than that of 5fC to 5caC, respectively. Our results provide an example of a TET homologue in a non-mammalian organism that exhibits full 5mC-to-5caC oxidation activity and a slight preference to producing 5fC. The preferential accumulation of 5fC in the in vitro oxidation reactions under both neutral and acidic conditions may have biological implications for 5mC oxidation in fungi species.

Published
2014
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