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It is a developing trend for transmission line operation robots to replace manual operations in line operation and maintenance. However, the existing on-line methods of robots are complex and inefficient, which seriously affects the progress of the entire operation and maintenance. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the automatic on-line and off-line control method of live working robot for 500kV transmission lines. Firstly, the on-line and off-line structure of the robot and its operating mechanism are analyzed, and on this basis, the relevant mathematical model is established. Through the analysis of the model, cascade fuzzy PID is used to control the robot’s attitude leveling. Finally, through MATLAB software simulation, the cascade fuzzy PID control effect is the best.

Generally, ground grouting is used to treat confined water areas before mining at the working face, but there is a lack of testing methods for determining the effectiveness of such a grouting treatment on the floor of ultrawide working faces. Therefore, we propose a 3D DC resistivity method for mines and apply it to the detection of the effect of grouting on the mine floor. This study took the Yongmei Xinqiao Coal Mine in Henan Province as the research object and used a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and measured data analysis to study the effect of the 3D resistivity method on detecting the effect of grouting on the floor of an ultrawide working face in the mine. The research results indicated that compared with the 2D observation mode of same-side power supply and reception, the 3D observation mode of opposite-side power supply and reception using the tunnels on both sides of the working face was more sensitive to the response of the water-rich area 60 m below the coal seam's floor. Regarding the model's set-up in this article, when traditional apparent resistivity calculations were used, the apparent resistivity obtained by the 3D observation mode was opposite to the model's setting, and accurate electrical information of anomalous bodies must be obtained through 3D inversion. The measured data showed that although the ground grouting treatment effectively reduced the water volume in the floor, the treatment's result was affected by human factors, and the water in the floor was redistributed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from almost all tissues and present promising therapeutic effects for metabolic diseases. Human adipose-derived MSCs (hASCs) have recently been widely studied due to their easy access and low immunity. Thus, we intended to figure out the effects and potential mechanism of hASCs on obesity in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Following 16 weeks of being fed HFD, hASCs were intravenously injected. Two weeks later, body weight, body composition, and energy expenditure were evaluated. Additionally, the phenotypes of macrophages infiltrating adipose tissue were analyzed. The results revealed that hASCs administration significantly reduced adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size, and fat mass and exerted beneficial effects in serum lipid profile. This anti-obesity effect was mediated by the increased O2 consumption, CO2 production, and energy expenditure, which was further evidenced by the upregulation of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) and metabolism-associated genes. Furthermore, hASCs infusion increased the amount of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages in adipose tissue, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines-related genes was reduced. Taken together, these results indicated that hASCs suppressed obesity by increasing UCP-1 expression and enhancing energy expenditure, and this effect might be due to the increased M2 macrophages.

Simple Summary: Trachycarpus nanus is a national, second-class, rare and endangered plant in China, and a plant species endemic to Yunnan. This species has a high medicinal, ecological, and scientific value, but it is currently on the verge of extinction. Therefore, it is urgent to learn its extinction risk under global warming. We predict its multi-temporal distribution pattern based on the optimized MaxEnt model. The results show that precipitation is the most important factor. In the future, drastic climatic changes and human disturbances may lead to the extinction of this species, so it is necessary to strengthen the protection of this species using specific strategies. Climate change affects the geographical distribution of plant species. Rare Trachycarpus nanus with a narrow distribution range, high medicinal value and extremely small population is facing increasing extinction risks under global climate change. In this study, 96 recorded occurrences and 23 environmental factors are used to predict the potential suitable area of T. nanus based on the optimized MaxEnt (3.4.4) model and ArcGIS (10.7) software. The results show that when the parameters are FC = LQ and RM = 1, the MaxEnt model is optimal and AUC = 0.946. The distribution patterns were predicted in the past, present, and four future phases, i.e., 2021–2040 (2030), 2041–2060 (2050), 2061–2080 (2070), and 2081–2100 (2090). The main factors are the annual precipitation (bio12), mean temperature of the coldest quarter (bio11), temperature seasonality (bio4), precipitation of the wettest quarter (bio16), and isothermality (bio3). The potential distribution of T. nanus is primarily concentrated in central Chuxiong, encompassing a total potential suitable area of 5.65 × 104 km2. In historical periods, the total habitat area is smaller than that in the present. In the future, the potential suitable area is generally increased. The centroid analysis shows that T. nanus will move to a high-altitude area and to the southeast. But its dispersal capacity may not keep up with the climate change rate. Therefore, additional protection sites for this species should be appropriately established and the habitat connectivity should be enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its driving factors is essential for assessing atmospheric environmental quality and alleviating air pollution. Based on a 22-year high-resolution AOD dataset, the spatiotemporal variations of AOD in mainland China and ten national urban agglomerations were explored based on the Mann–Kendall trend test and Theil–Sen median method. Random forest (RF) and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) were combined to identify the main driving factors of AOD in urban agglomerations and to reveal the spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors. The results showed that areas with high annual average AOD concentrations were mainly concentrated in the Chengdu–Chongqing, Central Plains, Shandong Peninsula, and Middle Yangtze River urban agglomerations. Southern Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and its surrounding areas revealed the highest AOD pollution during summer, whereas the worst pollution during the remaining three seasons occurred in the Chengdu–Chongqing urban agglomeration. Temporally, except for the Ha-Chang and Mid-Southern Liaoning urban agglomerations, where the average annual AOD increased, the other urban agglomerations showed a decreasing trend. Among them, the Central Plains, Middle Yangtze River, Guanzhong Plain, and Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations all exhibited a decline greater than 20%. According to the spatial trends, most urban agglomerations encompassed much larger areas of decreasing AOD values than areas of increasing AOD values, indicating that the air quality in most areas has recently improved. RF analysis revealed that PM2.5 was the dominant factor in most urban clusters, followed by meteorological factors. MGWR results show that the influencing factors have different spatial scale effects on AOD in urban agglomerations. The socioeconomic factors and PM2.5 showed strong spatial non-stationarity with regard to the spatial distribution of AOD. This study can provide a comprehensive understanding of AOD differences among urban agglomerations, and it has important theoretical and practical implications for improving the ecological environment and promoting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus represents a significant global health threat characterized by hyperglycemia caused by inadequate insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Exogenous insulin supplements had been recognized as a crucial treatment for achieving successful glycemic control in patients with Type 1 and most patients with Type 2 diabetes. Over the past century, substantial progress has been made in the development of novel insulin formulations, including the super‐fast‐acting and long‐acting basal insulin analogs, of which the latter is indispensable for the management of nocturnal fasting and intraprandial blood glucose within the normal physiological range. Recently, combining chemical and genetic engineering with drug optimization have resulted in a formidable evolution in ultra‐long‐acting weekly insulin. Here, the current state of once‐weekly insulin analogs and the euglycemic clamp technique used in the early clinical development to elucidate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this type of novel weekly insulin analogs were systematically overviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]