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We present a new characterization of Muckenhoupt A_{\infty }-weights whose logarithm is in vanishing mean oscillation (\mathbb {R}) in terms of vanishing Carleson measures on \mathbb {R}_+^2 and vanishing doubling weights on \mathbb {R}. This also gives a novel description of strongly symmetric homeomorphisms on the real line by using a geometric quantity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to high morbidity and mortality in these populations. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased TB incidence in HIV‐infected patients, this coexistence still prevails in China. Patients with HIV–PTB admitted to Beijing You An Hospital from 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively enrolled, and information on demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings were extracted from medical records. Predictors of death, including age (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.05), tobacco use (AHR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.54–4.94), history of tuberculosis (AHR: 3.53; 95% CI: 1.82–6.85), not being on ART (AHR: 2.94; 95% CI: 1.31–6.63), extrapulmonary tuberculosis (AHR: 2.391; 95% CI: 1.37–4.18), sputum smear positivity (AHR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.61–4.99), CD4+ T cell count ≤ 50 cells/µl (AHR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.95–6.10), and initiating ART ≥ 8 weeks after the initiation of antituberculous therapy (odds ratio: 3.30; 95% CI: 1.09–10.04). By contrast, there were no deaths among the six patients who began ART within 8 weeks after the initiation of antituberculous therapy. Age, tobacco use, not being on ART, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, sputum smear positivity, and CD4+ T cell count ≤50 cells/µl predict those patients at high risk of death among HIV‐infected patients with PTB, and the time of initiating ART after the initiation of antituberculous therapy is also important for prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate a variant of the Beurling–Ahlfors extension of quasisymmetric homeomorphisms of the real line that is given by the convolution of the heat kernel, and prove that the complex dilatation of such a quasiconformal extension of a strongly symmetric homeomorphism (that is, its derivative is an A∞‐weight whose logarithm is in VMO) induces a vanishing Carleson measure on the upper half‐plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce the concept of a new kind of symmetric homeomorphism on the unit circle, which is derived from the generalization of symmetric homeomorphisms on the real line. By the investigation of the barycentric extension for this class of circle homeomorphisms and the biholomorphic automorphisms induced by trivial Beltrami coefficients, we show that the Bers Schwarzian derivative map is a holomorphic split submersion and endow a complex Banach manifold structure on the Teichmüller space of those generalized symmetric homeomorphisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) has been known to cause damages to ventricular myocytes. Isorhamnetin, one member of flavonoid compounds, has cardioprotective effect, the effect that suggests a possible treatment for I/R damages. In the present investigation, we found that isorhamnetin could significantly promote the viability of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes that were exposed to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in vitro. Ventricular myocytes were obtained from neonatal SD rats, and then were divided randomly into three groups, namely I/R−/isor−, I/R+/isor− and I/R+/isor+ group. Before the whole experiment, the most appropriate concentration of isorhamnetin (4μM) was determined by MTT assay. Our results showed that isorhamnetin could alleviate the damages of I/R to ventricular myocytes through inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and repressing apoptosis. Compared with the counterpart of the I/R+/isor− group, LDH activity in the isorhamnetin-treated group weakened, halving from 24.1±2.3 to 11.4±1.2U/L. Additionally, flow cytometry showed the apparently increased apoptosis rate induced by I/R, the result that was further confirmed by transmission electron microscope. Administration of isorhamnetin, however, assuaged the apoptosis induced by I/R. Corresponding to the reduced apoptosis rate in the I/R+/isor+ group, western blotting assay showed increased amount of Bcl-2 and p53, decreased amount of Bax, and nuclear accumulation of NF-κB/p65. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This study developed a hybrid stochastic-fuzzy model with Green-Z scenario (HFSG) for coordinating regional irrigated production and forest protection (IPFP) under stresses of water and land resources with multiple informations. The novelty of proposed HFSG is that the improvement of handling capacity for various uncertainties can facilitate to generate a practical landscape scale planning and water resources management (land-water plan) with a more robust manner. It not only has advantage of reflecting the meteorological impact (e.g., precipitation) presented as probability distribution, but also identifies natural or artificial vagueness in the process of decision-making. Moreover, Green-Z scenario analysis associated with the risk-averse attitude, threshold of acceptability and coefficient of robustness can discern the tradeoff between expected targets and outcomes under different risk preferences of decision makers. Through the application of proposed HFSG model in a practical land-water plan issue, numbers of results associated with optimized planting scales (including cultivation withdraw and forest recovery), stresses of water and land resources, pollutant mitigations, ecological effects and system benefits under varied Green-Z scenarios can be obtained. The results can support policymaker to produce cleaner strategies for alleviating conflict between irrigated activities and environmental protection, achieving socio-economic and eco-environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Isorhamnetin is one member of flavonoid components which has been used in the treatment of heart disease. Recently the in vitro anti-cancer effect of isorhamnetin on human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line Eca-109 was investigated in our lab. When Eca-109 cells were in vitro exposed to the graded doses of isorhamnetin (0–80μg/ml) for 48h, respectively, isorhamnetin exhibited cytostatic effect on the treated cells, with an IC50 of 40±0.08μg/ml as estimated by MTT assay. Inhibition on proliferation by isorhamnetin was detected by trypan blue exclusion assay, clone formation test, immunocytochemical assay of PCNA and 3H-thymidin uptake analysis. Cell cycle distribution was measured by FCM. It was found that the viability of Eca-109 cells was significantly hampered by isorhamnetin. Compared with the negative control group, the treated group which was exposed to isorhamnetin had increased population in G0/G1 phase from 74.6 to 84 while had a significant reduction in G2/M phase from 11.9 to 5.8. In addition to its cytostatic effect, isorhamnetin also showed stimulatory effect on apoptosis. Typical apoptotic morphology such as condensation and fragmentation of nuclei and blebbing membrane of the apoptotic cells could be observed through transmission electron microscope. Moreover, the sharp increase in apoptosis rate between the control and treated group were detected by FCM from 6.3 to 16.3. To explore the possible molecular mechanisms that underlie the growth inhibition and apoptosis stimulatory effects of isorhamnetin, the expressions of six proliferation- and death-related genes were detected by FCM. Expressions of bcl-2, c-myc and H-ras were downregulated whereas Bax, c-fos and p53 were upregulated. However, the in vivo experiments were required to further confirm the anti-cancer effects of isorhamnetin. In conclusion, isorhamnetin appears to be a potent drug against esophageal cancer due to its in vitro potential to not only inhibit proliferation but also induce apoptosis of Eca-109 cells. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]