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1. The Archaeological Excavation Report of Rigny: An Example of an Interoperable Logicist Publication

Author

Olivier Marlet, Elisabeth Zadora-Rio, Pierre-Yves Buard, Béatrice Markhoff, and Xavier Rodier

Subjects
publication, archaeology, logicism, inference, Archaeology, CC1-960
Abstract

The logicist program, which was initiated in the 1970s by J.C. Gardin, aims to clarify the reasoning processes in the field of archaeology and to explore new forms of publication, in order to overcome the growing imbalance between the flood of publications and our capacities of assimilation. The logicist program brings out the cognitive structure of archaeological constructs, which establishes a bridge between empirical facts or descriptive propositions, at one end of the argumentation, and interpretative propositions at the other. This alternative form of publication is designed to highlight the chain of inference and the evidence on which it stands. In the case of the logicist publication of the archaeological excavation in Rigny (Indre-et-Loire, France), our workflow can provide different levels of access to the content, allowing both speed-reading and in-depth consultation. Both the chains of inference and the ArSol database containing the field records that provide evidence for the initial propositions are visualized in a diagram structure. We rely on the International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) entities for ensuring the semantic interoperability of such publications within the Linked Open Data. Inference chains are mapped to CRMinf and ArSol records are mapped to CRM, CRMSci and CRMArcheo. Moreover, as part of the work carried out by the French Huma-Num MASA Consortium, a project is underway to allow the building of logicist publications starting from a graphical interface for describing the structure and content of propositions.

Published
2019
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2. Developing FAIR Ontological Pathways: Linking Evidence of Movement in Lidar to Models of Human Behaviour

Author

Laure Nuninger, Rachel Opitz, Philip Verhagen, Thérèse Libourel, Clément Laplaige, Samuel Leturcq, Nathanael Le Voguer, Catherine Fruchart, Žiga Kokalj, and Xavier Rodier

Subjects
pathways, movement, lidar, ontologies, fair, Archaeology, CC1-960, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

This paper proposes an ontological approach to connect the archaeological topographic evidence for movement in the landscape which can be derived from interpretation and spatial analysis of airborne lidar data with models of movement derived from modeling exercises such as Agent Based Modelling or Cost Path Modelling. This computational ontology enables the investigation of movement and its topographic manifestations in the landscape at various spatio-temporal scales. It creates an explicit framework for accessing meaningful information about movement generated through research using both detection and modelling-led approaches. Developing explicit computational frameworks to provide meaningful context is critical, particularly as remote sensing and modelling projects increase in scale and complexity. The process of developing a computational ontology exposes a deeper underlying issue, and one applicable to many topics we address as archaeologists: if we begin to unpack the concept of ‘movement’ it is readily apparent that it is a complex phenomenon, like many human habits, and studying it requires drawing together a variety of types of physical evidence and multiple, often competing, theoretical models of human processes and practices. If we wish to make archaeological ‘data’ on movement available, how do we create appropriate contextual information – really useful metadata – so that this data can be incorporated into the variety of studies for which knowledge of movement is relevant? This is essentially the challenge posed broadly by the FAIR principles, and in particular by the principle of interoperability, which suggests that we “use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation”. Rather than simply seeking to fulfill the requirements of an arbitrary standard, attempting to meet the challenge of interoperability provides an impetus and opportunity to attempt to bridge the gap between data and model, and to reconsider how we conceive and represent knowledge in archaeological digital data and modelling projects. This kind of computational ontology, we suggest, can serve as the key for making the data from both these sources actually FAIR.

Published
2020
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3. Linking Theories, Past Practices, and Archaeological Remains of Movement through Ontological Reasoning

Author

Laure Nuninger, Philip Verhagen, Thérèse Libourel, Rachel Opitz, Xavier Rodier, Clément Laplaige, Catherine Fruchart, Samuel Leturcq, and Nathanael Levoguer

Subjects
movement, pathways, network, meshwork, spatial analysis, GIS, Information technology, T58.5-58.64
Abstract

The amount of information available to archaeologists has grown dramatically during the last ten years. The rapid acquisition of observational data and creation of digital data has played a significant role in this “information explosion”. In this paper, we propose new methods for knowledge creation in studies of movement, designed for the present data-rich research context. Using three case studies, we analyze how researchers have identified, conceptualized, and linked the material traces describing various movement processes in a given region. Then, we explain how we construct ontologies that enable us to explicitly relate material elements, identified in the observed landscape, to the knowledge or theory that explains their role and relationships within the movement process. Combining formal pathway systems and informal movement systems through these three case studies, we argue that these systems are not hierarchically integrated, but rather intertwined. We introduce a new heuristic tool, the “track graph”, to record observed material features in a neutral form which can be employed to reconstruct the trajectories of journeys which follow different movement logics. Finally, we illustrate how the breakdown of implicit conceptual references into explicit, logical chains of reasoning, describing basic entities and their relationships, allows the use of these constituent elements to reconstruct, analyze, and compare movement practices from the bottom up.

Published
2020
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4. ViCTOr : paysage virtuel pour explorer les dynamiques de la VIticulture et de la Consommation en TouRaine

Author

Étienne Delay, Samuel Leturcq, and Xavier Rodier

Subjects
historicity, agent-based model, spatial dynamics, viticulture, terroirs, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

In pre-industrial society, wine and food crops are under competition for space. Fertile soils are generally used for grains, vineyards are grouped in poor lands where cereal does not grow (Dion 1952). In our society space is hardly specialized in the market around mass production for favorable to trades (Hinnewinkel 2004). Using agent-based modeling, we explore territorial strategies regarding controlled simulation parameters.We can take care of the shift occurring on a virtual territory between food crops and vineyards. To us it’s a way to question spatial historicity in agricultural land cover dynamics.

Published
2017
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5. Modélisation des objets historiques selon la fonction, l’espace et le temps pour l’étude des dynamiques urbaines dans la longue durée

Author

Xavier Rodier and Laure Saligny

Subjects
archaeology, GIS, space-time, space, city, urban function, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

The proposed principle for understanding the urban fabric is based on considering the town as a set of complex objects, taking a systemic approach. The town system used to study the urban fabric over large time spans is composed of three sub-systems relating to historical objects from the level of the excavation to that of the former urban space: function (social use), space (location, surface area and morphology) and time (dating, duration and chronology). The historical object is the analytical unit of the space studied. It is the Cartesian product of the three sets, Social use, Space and Time, from which it stems.On the basis of this process, the Historical Object (OH) is broken down into three types of simple object, functional (EF), spatial (ES) and temporal (ET).- The thematic approach to the OH in an urban environment is based on social use, organized according to a hierarchical thesaurus.- Space, the most formalized of the three sets, is structured on the model of a planar topological graph without isthmi.- Time, always considered as continuous and linear, will be modelled by analogy with space using temporal topology defined in the field of artificial intelligence.The relationships between these three sets each characterize an interaction (social use-space, social use-time, time-space, or function-space-time). In addition to reconstructing the OH, they allow urban changes to be observed by analyzing the distributions and mapping of each of the entities singly or two-by-two. The originality of this procedure lies in its approach whereby it is possible to start not from the mapping of a phenomenon at a time t1 and comparing it to that at a time t2, but to look at it in the same way whether its input is social use, space or time. The heuristic value of this modelling lies in the shift from description (what, where, when) to understanding the phenomena of change (how, why).

Published
2010
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6. An archaeological study of movement in an openfield landscape

Author

Nathanael Levoguer, Laure Nuninger, Samuel Leturcq, Xavier Rodier, Thérèse Libourel Rouge, Rachel Opitz, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Archaeology, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

7. Linking theories, past practices, and archaeological remains of movement through ontological reasoning

Author

Catherine Fruchart, Thérèse Libourel, Rachel Opitz, Philip Verhagen, Xavier Rodier, Nathanaël Le-Voguer, Samuel Leturcq, Laure Nuninger, Clément Laplaige, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Cultural Landscape and Urban Environment (CLUE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Archaeology, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Art and Culture, History, Antiquity, CLUE+, Network Institute, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Computer science, Process (engineering), Movement, Meshwork, Network, 01 natural sciences, 0601 history and archaeology, Pathways, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Information explosion, Z665, 060102 archaeology, lcsh:T58.5-58.64, Heuristic, Movement (music), lcsh:Information technology, Ontology, Modeling, Spatial analysis, 06 humanities and the arts, Top-down and bottom-up design, GIS, CC, Archaeology, Graph (abstract data type), Construct (philosophy), Information Systems
Abstract

The amount of information available to archaeologists has grown dramatically during the last ten years. The rapid acquisition of observational data and creation of digital data has played a significant role in this &ldquo, information explosion&rdquo, In this paper, we propose new methods for knowledge creation in studies of movement, designed for the present data-rich research context. Using three case studies, we analyze how researchers have identified, conceptualized, and linked the material traces describing various movement processes in a given region. Then, we explain how we construct ontologies that enable us to explicitly relate material elements, identified in the observed landscape, to the knowledge or theory that explains their role and relationships within the movement process. Combining formal pathway systems and informal movement systems through these three case studies, we argue that these systems are not hierarchically integrated, but rather intertwined. We introduce a new heuristic tool, the &ldquo, track graph&rdquo, to record observed material features in a neutral form which can be employed to reconstruct the trajectories of journeys which follow different movement logics. Finally, we illustrate how the breakdown of implicit conceptual references into explicit, logical chains of reasoning, describing basic entities and their relationships, allows the use of these constituent elements to reconstruct, analyze, and compare movement practices from the bottom up.

Published
2020
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8. Using GIS in French Rescue Archaeology. The Choice of Inrap: a Tool for Research at the Scale of Excavation

Author

Xavier Rodier, Pablo CIEZAR, Anne Moreau, Rodier, Xavier, Contreras Fransisco, Farjas Mercedes, Melero Francisco Javier, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Contreras Fransisco, Farjas Mercedes, Melero Francisco Javier, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours

Subjects
archaeological process, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, rescue archaeology, GIS
Abstract

International audience; In France, Inrap undertakes more than 2000 evaluations and 300 excavations every year. Inrap's Scientific and Technical Direction (DST) is responsible for the national delineation of the policy of the Institute in terms of new technologies. The various examples and trials to use the GIS programs during the last decade showed the need of a national coordination. After having decided on the scope of the application, a process that takes into account the methodological, operational, technical, and human resources constraints was elaborated. This study (in a partnership between the DST and the Laboratoire Archéologie et Territoires, CNRS-University of Tours) showed that the GIS is a strategic choice and not a technical option. On this principle, Inrap chose to use GIS as a tool to support research at the excavation level. This ambitious entrepreneurship led into a deep review of the archaeological data acquisition and data processing. The challenge rests to shift from an illustration, to data processing in order to improve archaeological reasoning. GIS is considered here as a tool that archaeologists must use to treat their data comparable to the shovel they use to dig. The common knowledge appropriation phase will be long but necessary if we are to reach the objective of optimal results. The inclusion of archaeological reasoning in a process of data management has a strong heuristic importance and is an added value of scientific perspective for it improves the robustness of the results. By the renovation of these processes, can propose a reflection on how this new process contributes to the methodological advancement in rescue archaeology.

Published
2013

9. Process formalization and conceptual modelling in the study of territorial dynamics

Author

Frédérique Bertoncello, Estelle Gauthier, Xavier Rodier, Laure Saligny, Murielle Georges-Leroy, Olivier Weller, Nicolas Poirier, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme de Dijon (MSH Dijon (MSHD)), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme GEOBFC (Géomatique Bourgogne Franche-Comté) (GEOBFC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Sociologie, philosophie et anthropologie politiques (SOPHIAPOL), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles de Lorraine (DRAC de Lorraine), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), David, Earl, Graeme and Sly, Tim and Chrysanthi, Angeliki and Murrieta-Flores, Patricia and Papadopoulos, Constantinos and Romanowska, Iza and Wheatley, ANR-08-BLAN-0157,ArchaeDyn,Dynamique spatiale des territoires de la Préhistoire au Moyen Âge(2008), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), G. Earl, T. Sly, A. Chrysanthi, P. Murrieta-Flores, C. Papadopoulos, I. Romanowska, D. Wheatley, Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plateforme GEOBFC (Géomatique Bourgogne Franche-Comté) ( GEOBFC ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme de Dijon ( MSH Dijon (MSHD) ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés ( CITERES ), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux ( MSHE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés ( TRACES ), École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age ( CEPAM ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), G. Earl, T. Sly, A. Chrysanthi, P. Murrieta-Flores, C. Papadopoulos, I. Romanowska, D. Wheatley, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)

Subjects
Process management, formalization, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Process (engineering), Computer science, InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI), media_common.quotation_subject, settlement patterns, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, territorial, Unit (housing), modelling, models, conceptual, Operations management, study, media_common, agricultural areas, dynamics, analytical process, Data science, Feature (linguistics), Process, Geography, Dynamics (music), [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, consumption areas, Conceptual model, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY
Abstract

International audience; The ArchaeDyn team has investigated territorial dynamics by comparing areas over long time spans between the Neolithic and Modern times. Datasets on various themes have been shared and indicators and DQDO\WLFDO PRGHOV SURGXFHG 7KLV SDSHU SUHVHQWV ERWK WKH IRUPDOL]DWLRQ RI VFLHQWL¿F SURFHVV XVHG LQ WKH ArchaeDyn programme and a conceptual model of the systems and components so that synchronic and diachronic comparisons can be made. The aim is to clarify the transition from an archaeological feature (a site or an artefact) or a recording unit (survey area) as the input, to the characterization of spaces describing a system as the output. The approach is described by the successive steps corresponding to semantic, spatial or temporal analytical processes from the prospecting level to the level of complex objects such as the territories and spaces under study. These complex objects-- consumption areas, agricultural areas and settlement patterns--are the subsystems in the dynamics of human territorial occupation. The main contribution of this formalization is that it describes synthetically the hypotheses tested and the approach implemented. In addition, it provides a collective validation of the research team's reasoning.

Published
2012
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10. Fluvial metamorphosis of the Loire river during the Holocene: varaibility of natural factors and the answers of the societies (Tours case study, France)

Author

Xavier Rodier, Henri Galinié, Olivier Marlet, Joëlle Burnouf, Nathalie Carcaud, Manuel Garcin, Denis Giot, Ch. Blin, Ch. Taberly, Rodier, Xavier, Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours

Subjects
Tours, Loire, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, holocène, SIG, environnement
Published
2003

11. 'Building community' at the national and/or international level in the context of the Digital Humanities

Author

Adeline Joffres, Mike Priddy, Francesca Morselli, Thomas Lebarbé, Xavier Granier, Paul Bertrand, Xavier Rodier, Fabrice Melka, Jason Camlot, Stéfan Sinclair, Idmhand Fatiha, Caroline Abéla, Mehdi Chayani, Christophe Parisse, Céline Poudat, Véronique Ginouvès, Sinatra, Michael E., Emmanuel Chateau Dutier, Gimena del Rio Riande, Paula Ricaurte, Isabel Galina Russel, José Francisco Barron Tovar, Ernesto Priani Saiso, Martin Grandjean, Aurélien Berra, Olivier Baude, Stéphane Pouyllau, Huma-Num : la TGIR des humanités numériques (Huma-Num), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS-KNAW), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), LInguistique et DIdactique des Langues Étrangères et Maternelles (LIDILEM ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche et d'histoire des textes (IRHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes des Mondes Africains (CEMAf), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Concordia University [Montreal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut des textes et manuscrits modernes (ITEM), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département Littératures et langage - ENS Paris (LILA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre de recherches latino-américaines - ARCHIVOS (CRLA - ARCHIVOS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département Littératures et langage - ENS Paris (LILA), Passages, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archeovision CNRS, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modèles, Dynamiques, Corpus (MoDyCo), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BCL, équipe Logométrie : corpus, traitements, modèles, Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 7320 - UCA / CNRS) (BCL), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'Homme (MMSH), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Tecnológico de Monterrey (ITESM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Textes, Histoire et Monuments de l'Antiquité au Moyen Age (THEMAM), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Équipe humanités numériques (ITEM – HuNu), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), CNRS Archéovision, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département Littératures et langage (LILA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département Littératures et langage (LILA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Infrastructure, [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Humanities Computing, [SHS.ART]Humanities and Social Sciences/Art and art history, Associations, [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, Digital Humanities, [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, Humanities, Scientific communities, [INFO.INFO-CY]Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY], Sciences humaines et sociales, Organisations, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Humanités numériques, Communautés scientifiques, [SHS.CLASS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Classical studies
Abstract

International audience; Knowledge production has always act globally, and when it comes to the humanities early networks of scholars can still be traced in their letter correspondence. With the emergence of digital humanities more prominently in the 1970s, research communities have organized themselves in many different ways. The enthusiasm generated by the promises of what was sometimes perceived as a "new field" were to some extent echoed in new forms of institutionalization, to the point of defining a discipline in its own right. But the enthusiasms was also accompanied by a certain resistance of communities reluctant to introduce digital technology into their field.The term of "digital humanities" in these earlier days of adopting digital methods into the humanities created an area, a niche, inside which pioneers in Digital Humanities could gain critical mass. Today, where digital methods are far more widely applied, one can observe an almost opposite trend, the abandoning of a ‘specific label’ and a much broader advocacy concerning all humanities.What remains specific for DH communities is the close alliance between content providers (which themselves are in a process of digitisation content and access), humanities scholars applying digital methods, and computer scientists linking to new methodological achievements in their field. However, this alliance can express itself in very different forms of national and international organisation, and is far from following a specific model.This panel examines different ways of "forming a community" among digital humanities scholars and scholars in other fields, and other actors in DH. The contributions span a range from generic ways to design digital research infrastructures in the SSH, over national solutions to supranational coordination.The purpose of this panel is to unfold the diversity of the current "digital humanist movement”, not only to compare, but also to understand what is at stake for the actors involved and what impact the different forms of organisation have on creation and evolution of research communities. We further discuss issues of cohesion and durability. Through the papers presented, we will examine the impact of bottom-up, top-down and horizontal strategies as well as the adoption of hybrid solutions (organizational, disciplinary, methodological, scalar) in the design of research communities. This approach will allow us to put convergences and challenges into perspective and to question the re- compositions at work within SSH communities.This panel will highlight the experiences of SSH research communities from different cultures and organizations rooted at different levels of governance, such as some French communities structured around institutional nodes such as Maisons des Sciences de l'Homme (MSH), or research infrastructures at the national (TGIR Huma-Num) or European level (DARIAH ERIC); project based collaboration of research infrastructures (DANS, The Netherlands) and Canada (CRIHN); and professional networks and transnational associations related to digital humanities (e.g. Humanistica, the French-speaking association of digital humanities, or the Latin American network for digital humanities under construction). The comparison of the experiences presented will not produce a homogeneous and smooth image but will highlight differences in approaches and organisation. Even it seems nearly impossible to give account of every association that could be representative on a way to build community in DH, the chair of the session will make an introduction with a brief summary of this landscape. That said, besides the geographical aspect that we try to include, another is that we are giving voice to formal and informal associations such as the LatamHD network, that is just at an early stage and that is not yet defined in its goals. We decided to propose several solutions to deal with the diversity of needs and practises inside our communities and we wanted to present some of them to share our experiences and initiate discussions during this panel in order to develop collaborations with colleagues sharing the same kind of constraints.Thus, the objective is to have a broad discussion with the audience to broaden the perspectives to other experiences.This panel aims to contribute to the reflective work in the wider DH context about factors of constitution, consolidation and evolution of its research communities.

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