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Abstract: Edible mushrooms are widely usedtoday but the heavy metal pollution of edible mushrooms is not conducive to its industrialization. A novel chloromethylated polystyrene-g-2-adenine chelating resin (AR resin) with simple [...]

Using macroporous ion exchange resin macrosphere D113 as an inexpensive organic carbon source, a composite precursor was constructed with Bi(OH)3 using a hydrothermal method. A series of new bismuth-based composite photocatalytic materials, Bi2O3/C, were prepared using pyrolysis technology and it was shown that the bismuth element existed in the form of Bi2O3 in the composite. It was uniformly distributed on the surface of a graphitized carbon macrosphere and exhibited a high electron transfer rate. The UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrum and photoluminescence verified that Bi2O3/C exhibited a good light absorption performance and a low photogenerated electron hole recombination rate due to the optimized band structure. Electrochemical tests such as an i–t curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that Bi2O3/C-500 had a good photoelectric response. In combination with the Tauc curve, the band structure of Bi2O3/C-500 was verified. Bi2O3/C-500 could degrade methylene blue (20 mg L−1) completely in 120 min, and the degradation rate remained at 90.30% for three photocatalytic cycles. The preparation method of the new Bi2O3/C was simple, inexpensive, and convenient for the commercial application of dye wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the application of laser wireless energy transmission technology in many fields such as UAV power supply is increasing, the laser incidence angle and beam shift remain the key factors limiting the efficiency of long-range laser wireless energy transmission. In this study, a laser cell response test platform was built to measure and analyze the response characteristics of a laser cell under different laser incidence angles and beam shifts. The results show that the increase in the incident angle intensifies the reflection on the irradiated surface, resulting in a linear decrease in the power density received by the laser cell, which eventually leads to a significant decrease in the output power, and the output power tends to be close to 0 when the incident angle exceeds 75°. The increase in the beam offset distance increases the reverse bias of the cell, which is the main reason for the significant decrease in the output power. The local irradiation also leads to an increase in the heat generation power; when the beam coverage is below 50%, the overall output power tends to be close to 0. This study provides a reference for improving the laser wireless energy transmission efficiency and laser cell optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption and desorption properties of SQD-85 resin for Cu(II) had been investigated. A series of experiments were conducted in a batch system to assess the effect of the system variables, i.e. initial pH, contact time and temperature. The results show that the optimal pH for the adsorption was 5.99 in the HAc-NaAc system, and the maximum adsorption capacity was estimated to 324 mg/g at 298 K. The apparent activation energy Ea and adsorption rate constant k298K values were 6.19 kJ/mol and 9.73×10−5 s−1 , respectively. The isotherms of adsorption data fitted well to Langmuir model. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔS, ΔH) suggested that Cu(II) adsorption by SQD-85 resin was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Thomas model was applied to determine the characteristic parameters of column useful for process design. Desorption studies revealed that Cu(II) ion could be eluted with 1.0 mol/L HCl solution., which indicated that Cu(II) in aqueous solution could be removed and recovered by SQD-85 resin efficiently. Adsorption mechanism was also proposed for the adsorption of Cu(II) onto SQD-85 resin using FT-IR spectrometry technique.

Obtaining energy from renewable natural resources has attracted substantial attention owing to their abundance and sustainability. Seawater is a naturally available, abundant, and renewable resource that covers >70% of the Earth's surface. Reserve batteries may be activated by using seawater as a source of electrolytes. These batteries are very safe and offer a high power density, stable discharge voltage, high specific energy, and long dry storage life and are widely used in marine exploration instruments, life-saving equipment, and underwater weaponry. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to seawater-activated batteries. Here, we classify seawater-activated batteries into metal semi-fuel, high-power, and rechargeable batteries according to the different functions of seawater within them. The working principles and characteristics of these batteries are then introduced, and we describe their research statuses and practical applications. Finally, we provide an outlook on the development of seawater-activated batteries and highlight practical issues to drive further progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel resin-based MOF composites Co-MOF@D113-N (N = 1, 6) were prepared using 2-methylimidazole, cobalt acetate and D113 resin, through the layer-by-layer self-assembly method. The Co-MOF presented an amorphous form with the inducement of resin groups and the loading capacity increased with the number of self-assembled layers. The strong anchoring effect between Co and N effectively improved the thermal stability of the composites. The adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption capacity of the Co-MOF@D113-6 resin for Cu(II) increased with temperature in the range of 283–303 K. The adsorption capacity of Co-MOF@D113-6 for Cu(II) increased under the synergistic effect of MOFs and D113. The maximum adsorption capacity of Co-MOF@D113-6 was 273.88 mg g−1. The fitting results showed that the adsorption of Cu(II) by the Co-MOF@D113-6 conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model dominated by chemisorption, and also conformed to the preferential Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. A low cost resin carrier combined with a high efficiency MOF composite adsorption material provided high efficiency and low consumption for promising development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activated two-dimension (2D) materials are used in various applications as high-performance catalysts. Breaking the long-range order of the basal plane of 2D materials can highly promote catalytic activity by supplying more active sites. Here we developed a method to synthesize ultrathin MCoOx (M = V, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn) amorphous nanosheets (ANSs). These Co-based ANSs show high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in alkaline solution due to the broken long-range order and the presence of abundant low bonded O on the basal plane. The stable Fe1Co1Ox ANSs also show an overpotential of ca. 240 mV of achieving 10 mA/cm2 in OER, better than most reported transition metal-based electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, three kinds of explosion-suppression materials including aluminum alloy, polyurethane foam and spherical polymer are measured to get the data of displacement ratio and retention ratio, which can be used to calculate the reduction ratio of effective volume of the oil tank. The results show that the displacement ratio of the three kinds of materials are respectively 2.0%, 2.5% and 5.2%, the retention ratio are respectively 1.1%, 3.2% and 0.4% and the reduction ratio of effective volume are respectively 3.1%, 5.7% and 5.6%. Meanwhile, the cook-off properties of the oil tank filled with spherical high molecular explosion-suppression materials were tested, the methanol in the tank didn’t explode, and materials in the tank didn’t deform and be destroyed during the experiments. All of the results showed that the spherical high molecular explosion-suppression materials presented a good explosion-suppression performance.

The MCTS‐g‐AT was developed as a novel magnetic adsorbent with core‐shell structure. Its unique synthesis route endows MCTS‐g‐AT with green, convenient, economical and safe characteristics, and also good selective adsorption of Hg(II). The material was characterized using an appropriate set of spectroscopic and analytical techniques (SEM, EDS, XRD, VSM, FTIR, and TGA). Its adsorption kinetics fits the pseudo‐secondary model well and adsorption isotherm fits the Langmuir equation well, suggesting the mechanism of chemisorption with monolayer adsorption. The results of the thermodynamic parameters indicate spontaneous and endothermic process. Column adsorption experiments showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) was 207.6 mg/g (298 K). Moreover, the Hg(II) adsorbed on composite microspheres was completely eluted by 3 mol/L HNO3 or 4 mol/L HCl. Furthermore, MCTS‐g‐AT adsorption column combined with spectrophotometer can achieve more accurate detection of Hg(II) in aquatic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debris flow is a frequent geological disaster, which often poses a great threat to the safety of people's lives and property. Outbreak of debris flow is not only related to rainfall, but also related to many geological and environmental factors. In this paper, the watershed area, ratio of loose materials and the average slope of the gully bed are taken as the geological factors, the maximum hourly rainfall intensity (T) and the total rainfall (R) are taken as the rainfall index, the sample database is established by means of geological factors and rainfall index, genetic programming is used to establish a prediction model for the critical rainfall index of debris flow, which overcomes the shortcomings of the previous warning model that used rainfall as a single indicator, model verification results show that the model has high warning accuracy and strong adaptability, which can realize timely warning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The goal of this study was to evaluate the modulatory effect of chitosan oligosaccharide-nisin conjugate (CON-C) on intestinal microbiota of human flora-associated (HFA) mice and also reveal its effect towards the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Both Chitosan oligosaccharides and nisin showed great potential in modulating the intestinal microbiota, so it is worth to explore whether the modulation effect of chitosan oligosaccharide could be improved by covalently binding with nisin. Materials and Methods CON-C was prepared by heating the mixed solution of chitosan oligosaccharide and nisin at 80°C and pH 2.0 for 24h. The structure of CON-C were analyzed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CON-C's anti-obesity effect and modulatory effect toward intestinal microbiota were analyzed using human flora-associated (HFA) mice model. Results CON-C could alleviated HFD-induced gut dysbiosis, by significantly decreasing the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus/Enterococcus spp. and increasing the numbers of Bacteroides–Prevotella and Clostridium groups. CON-C could also enriched the most differentially expressed genes through KEGG pathways of biosynthesis of amino acids, two-component system, and ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Conclusions The improved therapeutic effect of CON-C against HFD-induced obesity has been approved, and hence, CON-C has a great potential to be utilized as a functional food ingredient in reducing body weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sudan I, as a common pigment, is harmful to people's health. In this work, the alkaline peanut shell as the base, epichlorohydrin and DMF as the solvent, with HBP-NH2 as the ligand to compose terminal amino-branched peanut shell. Optimization of the modified peanut shell was carried out at different temperatures, different molar ratios of reagents, and different time intervals in HBP-NH2 using response surface methodology (RSM) for the first attempt. The structure of modified peanut shell was characterized by FT-IR and elemental analysis. The adsorption properties of the modified peanut shell for Sudan I were investigated by batch and column experiments. Batch adsorption results suggested that modified peanut shell had a high adsorption capability for Sudan I and its maximum saturated adsorption capacity was 248.14 mg/g at 308 K, estimated from the Langmuir model. The modified peanut shell and its metal complexes were studied by TGA and SEM. Furthermore, the modified peanut shell can be eluted easily using 2 mol/L NaOH. HBP-NH2-P not only has a potential application for the selective removal of Sudan I from waste solutions but also has an application in the analysis and detection areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A highly Z‐selective phosphorylation by Manganese(III) acetylacetonate‐mediated cross‐dehydrogenative‐coupling of enamides and phosphine oxides has been developed under mild conditions. The reaction shows broad substrate scope and functional group compatibility. DFT studies revealed that the formation of Z‐products is presumably due to the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond. β‐Aminophosphine could be readily obtained by reduction and hydrolysis of the product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]