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The effects of A-site cation size mismatch on La0.7 − xNdxCa0.3 − y(Ba,Sr)yMnO3 perovskite materials with a constant A-site average ionic radius ⟨rA⟩ = 1.2052 Å have been investigated. Polycrystalline samples have been prepared through the standard solid-state reaction method at high temperatures, and their structures, magnetic properties, and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) have been investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction patterns show that all of the samples crystallized in an orthorhombic structure with the space group Pnma. XPS analysis confirmed the Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio remained constant as σ2 was varied. Meanwhile, upon increasing σ2 from 0.0002 to 0.007, the Curie temperature (TC) decreased linearly from 254 K to 108 K. Based on M-H isotherms, Arrott plots and the maximum magnetic entropy prove a crossover of first-to-second-order transition with increasing σ2. Samples with σ2 = 0.0002, 0.001, and 0.003 exhibited a first-order transition and had larger MCEs than those showing a second-order transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare earth noble metals compounds have a variety of physical properties, such as heavy fermions, topological, superconductivity, and so on. In this paper, the cohesive energy, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties of REAuBi2 (RE=La-Pr, Sm) and the mechanical properties of REAu (RE=La-Pr, Sm) were studied by first-principles calculations. The calculated cohesive energies of REAuBi2 are negative, indicating the stable structures of REAuBi2. The comparison between the mechanical properties of REAuBi2 and REAu, including the bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio, under ideal conditions is carried out. Electronic density of states, band structure, and phonon spectrum of REAuBi2 are also studied and discussed. LaAuBi2 alloy is in the paramagnetic state, while PrAuBi2 and SmAuBi2 alloys are in antiferromagnetic order obtained by the results of Birch–Murnagha equation fitting of cell volume and energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the family compounds of RMn6Ge6, GdMn6Ge6 exhibits excellent magnetic properties and a complex magnetic transition behavior. The samples of GdMn6Ge6−xSix were successful prepared by a vacuum arc furnace. The XRD analysis and Rietveld refinement results show that GdMn6Ge6−xSix crystallize in a hexagonal HfFe6Ge6-type structure with space group P6/mmm, and their lattice parameters a and c decrease with the increasing Si content. The M-T curves in the range of 100–600 K indicates that the compounds experienced two magnetic transitions (AFM-FM and FM-PM) and a large thermal hysteresis between ZFC and FCC curves. The AFM-FM transition occurred at Tt for GdMn6Ge6-xSix is a first-order phase transition and the FM-PM transition belongs to a second-order one. The magnetic transition temperature Tt is greatly influenced by the Si content, and the Curie temperature (Tc) for the all samples is roughly the same. The −∆SM for the x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 compounds under the applied magnetic field of 1.6 T are 0.83, 1.06, 1.21 and 1.19 J kg−1·K−1 around 486 K, respectively. This relatively large −∆SM of GdMn6Ge6−xSix occurred in a relatively high temperature region and under low applied magnetic field provide a potential material choices in new magnetic refrigeration application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn8Ga5 alloy has certain significance in the study of materials for magnetic refrigeration applications due to its low coercivity. In this paper, the structure, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects (MCE) of Mn8−xCrxGa5 (x = 1.3, 1.7) polycrystalline alloys were first studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersion (EDS) analysis and magnetization measurement. The two samples crystallized in a cubic (Zn8Cu5)-type structure with space group of I-43 m (No. 217). The lattice constants and crystallite sizes of Mn8−xCrxGa5 increase with the increase of Cr concentration. As the Cr content increases, the Curie temperature (Tc) of Mn8−xCrxGa5 (x = 1.3, 1.7) is increased from 145 to 187 K. The saturation magnetic moments of Mn8−xCrxGa5 are 33.8 (x = 1.3) and 36.6 (x = 1.7) emu/g under the magnetic field of 16 kOe at 80 K, respectively. A second-order magnetic phase transition occurred in Mn8−xCrxGa5 alloy samples. The maximum magnetic entropy changes (|∆SM|) of Mn8−xCrxGa5 are 0.9 (x = 1.3) and 0.8 J·kg−1·K−1 (x = 1.7), and the relative cooling power (RCP) values are 25 (x = 1.3) and 17 J/kg (x = 1.7) under 15 kOe magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Series samples MnBi1-xGdx (x = 0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, and 0.16) were prepared and studied the structure and magnetic properties. The Rietveld refinement results showed that the low-temperature phase MnBi content in these samples is above 78% and the doped atoms occupied the position of Bi in the MnBi crystal structure. The Debye temperature is founding to decrease with increasing doping. The Curie temperature, paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition temperature, thermal hysteresis, saturation magnetization, and coercive force of the samples change significantly with increasing doping content. Within a temperature range of 300–500 K, a positive coercivity temperature coefficient β existed. This work helps MnBi-Gd as a candidate for high-temperature magnetic material applications and contributes to the development of tailoring magnetic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the study of the properties of objects that were fabricated with fused deposition modeling technology while using Poly (lactic acid)/Walnut shell powder (PLA/WSP) biocomposite filaments. The WSP was treated while using NaOH followed by silane. The infrared spectrum of treated and untreated WSP was characterized. The result was that thermal and mechanical properties could be improved by adjusting the concentration of silane. The experimental results showed: the surface compatibility between WSP and PLA was dramatically improved through treatment with KH550. The crystalline, thermal gravity, and thermal degradation temperatures of biocomposite with untreated WSP were improved from 1.46%, 60.3 °C, and 239.87 °C to 2.84%, 61.3 °C, and 276.37 °C for the biocomposites with treated WSP, respectively. The tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths of biocomposites were raised each by 8.07%, 14.66%, and 23.32%. With the determined silane concentration, PLA/10–15 wt.% treated WSP biocomposites were processed and tested. The results showed that the tensile strength was improved to 56.2 MPa, which is very near to that of pure PLA. Finally, the porous scaffolds with controllable porosity and pore size were manufactured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: Surgical separation of the fused liver is extremely risky and sometimes life-threatening in conjoined twins because of the potential risks of hypovolemia and hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Three pairs of symmetrical conjoined twins sharing fused livers were successfully separated by using a simple but effective local blockade measure without disturbing the portal circulation. Results: The volume of intraoperative blood loss was minimal, and no major complications occurred. All the separated babies survived the procedure and remained healthy, both physically and mentally, after discharge. Two babies died of pneumonia associated with their preexisting cardiac defects. Conclusions: Cotton tourniquets temporally and securely blocked the local blood supply to the narrow gap dissecting interface with minimal interference with the remaining segments, in addition to orienting the transection of the fused liver and minimizing blood loss from the liver dissection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this experiment, a series of MnCoGe1−xLax (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03) alloy samples were prepared using a vacuum arc melting method. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of alloys were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld method, physical property measurement system (PPMS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. The results show that all samples were of high-temperature Ni2In-type phases, belonging to space group P63/mmc (194) after 1373 K annealing. The results of Rietveld refinement revealed that the lattice constant and the volume of MnCoGe1−xLax increased along with the values of La constants. The magnetic measurement results show that the Curie temperatures (TC) of the MnCoGe1−xLax series alloys were 294, 281, and 278 K, respectively. The maximum magnetic entropy changes at 1.5T were 1.64, 1.53, and 1.56 J·kg−1·K−1, respectively. The respective refrigeration capacities (RC) were 60.68, 59.28, and 57.72J·kg−1, with a slight decrease along the series. The experimental results show that the doping of La results in decreased TC, basically unchanged magnetic entropy, and slightly decreased RC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase relationships of the ternary Co-Ni-In system at 673 K and 873 K were investigated by means of powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. Though CoIn2 does not exist at 873 K, the ternary solid solution Co1−xNixIn2 exists at both 673 K and 873 K with different composition ranges. The Rietveld refinements were carried out to investigate the crystal structure of Co1−xNixIn2 (x = 0.540, and 0.580) and Ni2−xCoxIn3 (x = 0.200). The magnetization dependence of temperature (MT) curves of Ni2−xCoxIn3 (x = 0.200) and Co1−xNixIn2 (x = 0.540) are similar to those of the ferromagnetic shape memory alloys Ni-Mn-A (A = Ga, Sn, and In), but do not undergo martensitic transformation. The maximum magnetic entropy changes in Ni2−xCoxIn3 (x = 0.200) and Co1−xNixIn2 (x = 0.540) under 3T are 1.25 and 1.475 J kg−1K−1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, carboxymethyl cassava starch (CMCS)-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (CMCS@Fe 3 O 4) were synthesized via a simple one-pot co-precipitation method using CMCS materials with varying degrees of substitution, and used for the adsorption/removal of doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox; a clinically available anti-cancer drug) from aqueous solution. The adsorption of Dox was studied using experimental conditions with varied pH, temperature, initial Dox concentration, and CMCS@Fe 3 O 4 dosage. The CMCS@Fe 3 O 4 adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry. Each CMCS@Fe 3 O 4 adsorbent exhibited a cubic inverse spinel iron oxide phase, small particle size, favorable magnetic properties, and good thermal stability. Batch adsorption experiments showed that the Dox adsorption efficiency reached 85.46% at a CMCS@Fe 3 O 4 concentration of 20 mg mL−1 at 303 K in pH 7.0. The adsorption experimental results indicated that the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir equation. Considering the environmentally nontoxic nature of Fe 3 O 4 and starch, the CMCS@Fe 3 O 4 material demonstrated significant potential for removing Dox from aqueous solution and in magnetic targeted drug delivery systems for synergistic tumor treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerable concern exists regarding water contamination by various pollutants, such as conventional pollutants (e.g., heavy metals and organics) and emerging micropollutants (e.g., consumer care products and interfering endocrine-related compounds). Currently, academics are continuously exploring sustainability-related materials and technologies to remove contaminants from wastewater. Magnetic starch-based adsorbents (MSAs) can combine the advantages of starch and magnetic nanoparticles, which exhibit unique critical features such as availability, cost-effectiveness, size, shape, crystallinity, magnetic properties, stability, adsorption properties, and excellent surface properties. However, limited reviews on MSAs' preparations, characterizations, applications, and adsorption mechanisms could be available nowadays. Hence, this review not only focuses on their activation and preparation methods, including physical (e.g., mechanical activation treatment, microwave radiation treatment, sonication, and extrusion), chemical (e.g., grafting, cross-linking, oxidation and esterification), and enzymatic modifications to enhance their adsorption properties, but also offers an all-round state-of-the-art analysis of the full range of its characterization methods, the adsorption of various contaminants, and the underlying adsorption mechanisms. Eventually, this review focuses on the recycling and reclamation performance and highlights the main gaps in the areas where further studies are warranted. We hope that this review will spark an interdisciplinary discussion and bring about a revolution in the applications of MSAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Title compounds are prepared by arc-melting of the elements under Ar atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the Gd-Ge-Sb ternary system at 773 K has been studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD and S-PXRD), Rietveld method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive (EDS), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and electron diffraction (ED). The existence of nine binary compounds, Gd 5 Ge 3 , Gd 5 Ge 4 , GdGe, Gd 2 Ge 3 , Gd 3 Ge 5 , Gd 5 Sb 3 , Gd 4 Sb 3 , GdSb, Gd 16 Sb 39 , and Mn 5 Si 3 -type Gd 5 Ge 3-0 Sb 0-3 (space group P 6 3 / mcm , No. 193, hP 16) and Th 3 P 4 -type Gd 4 Ge 2-0 Sb 1-3 (space group I -43 d , No. 220, cI 28) quasibinary solid solutions and ternary Gd 6 Ge 4.3 Sb 11.7 -type Gd 6 Ge 4.3 Sb 11.7 (space group Immm , No. 71, oI 46) were confirmed, while new GdGe 1.69 Bi 0.21 -type Gd 8 Ge 13.29 Sb 1.72 (space group Cmcm , No. 63, oC 23) was found in this work which is air- and moisture-stable over periods of long time. Gd 8 Ge 13.29 Sb 1.72 exhibits field unsensitive antiferromagnetic ordering at 24 K in fields up to 60 kOe and metallic type of conductivity in the temperature range of 2–400K. • The phase relationships of the Gd-Ge-Sb ternary system at 773 K was established. • The crystal structure of a new compound Gd 8 Ge 13.29 Sb 1.72 was determined. • Gd 8 Ge 13.29 Sb 1.72 compound showed anti-ferromagnetic orders at low temperatures. • Two continuous solid solution phases Gd 5 Sb 3-x Ge x (x = 0–3) and Gd 4 Sb 3-x Ge x (x = 0–2) were studied. • The maximal solubility of Ge in Sb in the binary Ge–Sb system was detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ternary intermetallic compounds RMn 6 Ge 6 with complex magnetic phase transitions are expected to be developed and applied in spintronic storage and computing devices in the future. The relationship between the crystal structure and physical properties (electrical conductivity, thermal analysis, and complex magnetic transformation) of ErMn 6- x Co x Ge 6 ( x = 0-1.45) alloys was studied in the range of 80-600 K. The result shows that the polycrystalline alloys crystallize in the hexagonal HfFe 6 Ge 6 type ( P 6 / mmm ). Co doping causes orbital hybridization between Co 2p, Mn 2p, and Er 4d and leads to the presence of mixed valence states of Mn 3+ and Mn 4+ , leading to complex magnetic behaviors: the alloys display a Néel point at a high temperature T N (∼500 K), magnetization increases again at T C (∼250 K), and a second peak in the temperature dependence of magnetization at about T t (∼150 K), which is spin reorientation. We discuss these phenomena in terms of Mn-Mn, Er-Mn, and Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ and the prospect for potential applications of the studied alloy in magneto memory and new topological kagome magnet fields.

In this experiment, a series of MnCoGe 1-x La x (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03) alloy samples were prepared using a vacuum arc melting method. The crystal structure and magnetic properties of alloys were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld method, physical property measurement system (PPMS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. The results show that all samples were of high-temperature Ni 2 In-type phases, belonging to space group P6 3 /mmc (194) after 1373 K annealing. The results of Rietveld refinement revealed that the lattice constant and the volume of MnCoGe 1-x La x increased along with the values of La constants. The magnetic measurement results show that the Curie temperatures (T C ) of the MnCoGe 1-x La x series alloys were 294, 281, and 278 K, respectively. The maximum magnetic entropy changes at 1.5T were 1.64, 1.53, and 1.56 J·kg -1 ·K -1 , respectively. The respective refrigeration capacities (RC) were 60.68, 59.28, and 57.72J·kg -1 , with a slight decrease along the series. The experimental results show that the doping of La results in decreased T C , basically unchanged magnetic entropy, and slightly decreased RC.

The aim of the present study was to identify miRNAs that were differentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by comparing normal and cancer tissue samples and to analyze the correlation of the target genes and HCC. The gene expression profile of GSE31383 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, including 19 samples, 9 normal and 10 from HCC tissue samples. The differentially‑expressed miRNAs were identified with packages in R language and further analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Firstly, the verified targets of miRNAs were integrated in two miRNA databases: miRecords and miRTarBase, and the targets of the differentially‑expressed miRNAs were obtained. The software STRING was then used to construct the interaction network of target genes. Finally, a functional enrichment analysis of the genes in the interaction network was conducted using the software Gestalt. Typical miR‑224 and miR‑214 were identified by comparing normal and cancer samples, each of which obtained 14 and 8 target genes, respectively. The functional enrichment analysis of the targets in the two groups highlighted the intracellular signaling cascade. In conclusion, the featured miRNAs (the upregulated miRNA‑224 and downregulated miRNA‑214) and their target genes are significant in the occurrence and development of HCC, which is likely to be significant for the identification of therapeutic targets and biomarkers to aid in the treatment of HCC.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between a new tumor-relative protein (BC047440) expression and clinic pathological parameters of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to evaluate the prognostic value of BC047440 for HCC patients., Methods: Following the prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibodies generation of BC047440, two methods, including western blot and immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect BC047440 expression in 68 HCC specimens. The correlation between BC047440 expression and clinicopathologic outcome, and prognostic value of BC047440 for HCC patients were analyzed., Results: The polyclonal antibodies could effectively recognize endogenous BC047440 in HCC tissues. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression of BC047440 protein was higher in HCCs than that in adjacent tissues and normal liver tissues. Statistical analysis showed that there was a good correlation between BC047440 expression and tumor size and invasion of HCC. HCC patients with BC047440-positive expression showed a significantly poor prognosis than those with BC047440-negative expression., Conclusions: BC047440 has a regulatory function in progress of HCC and it may become a helpful indicator in handling HCC treatment and judging invasion.