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Stimuli-responsive supramolecular chemotherapy, particularly in response to cancer biomarkers, has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the limitations associated with traditional chemotherapy. Spermine (SPM) is known to be overexpressed in certain cancers. In this study, we introduced a novel supramolecular chemotherapy system triggered by SPM. The system featured pyridine salts of a diphenylanthracene derivative (PyEn) and a complementary water-soluble pillar[5]arene (WP5C5) with long alkyl chains. The diphenylanthracene unit of PyEn is effectively encapsulated within the long alkyl chains of WP5C5, resulting in a substantial reduction in the cytotoxicity of PyEn towards normal cells. The therapeutic effect of PyEn is selectively triggered intracellularly through SPM, leading to the endosomal release of PyEn and concurrent in situ cytotoxicity. This supramolecular chemotherapy system exhibits notable tumor inhibition against SPM-overexpressed cancers with reduced side effects on normal tissues. The supramolecular strategy for intracellular activation provides a novel tool with potential applications in chemotherapeutic interventions, offering enhanced selectivity and reduced cytotoxicity to normal cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the influence of connection knots on the properties of organic frameworks is pivotal in exploring their functions and potential applications. In this study, we demonstrate the design and preparation of a novel porphyrin-based halogen-bonded organic framework, XOF-ZnTPP, utilizing [N⋯I+⋯N] halogen bonds. XOF-ZnTPP has been comprehensively characterized, revealing a well-defined orderly crystalline structure. This framework exhibits pronounced photophysical activity and an enhanced yield of singlet oxygen (1O2), compared with the monomeric precursor, ZnTPP. This increase in 1O2 generation is mainly attributed to the heavy atom effect, among the unique structural features of the framework, supported by DFT calculations. Moreover, XOF-ZnTPP demonstrates superior catalytic efficacy in the aerobic oxidative coupling of amines with outstanding recyclability and stability. This research offers insights into the impact of the connection motifs on organic frameworks, which may help to extend their functions and applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen mustard (NM), a kind of alkylating agent similar to sulfur mustard, remains a threat to public health. However, there is nearly no satisfactory antidote for nitrogen mustard. Herein, we developed a supramolecular antidote to nitrogen mustard through efficient complexation of NM by carboxylatopillar[5]arene potassium salts (CP[5]AK). The cavity of methoxy pillar[5]arene (P5A) is sufficient to encapsulate NM with an association constant of 1.27 × 102 M−1, which was investigated by 1H NMR titration, density functional theory studies and independent gradient model studies. NM degrades to the reactive aziridinium salt (2) in the aqueous phase which irreversibly alkylates DNA and proteins, causing severe tissue damage. Considering the size/charge matching with toxic intermediate 2, water-soluble CP[5]AK was selected to encapsulate the toxic aziridinium salt (2), resulting in a high association constant of 4.10 × 104 M−1. The results of protection experiments of guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) by CP[5]AK indicated that the formation of a complex could effectively inhibit the alkylation of DNA. Besides, in vitro and in vivo experiments also indicated that the toxicity of the aziridinium salt (2) is inhibited with the formation of a stable host–guest complex, and CP[5]AK has a good therapeutic effect on the damage caused by NM. This study provides a new mechanism and strategy for the treatment of NM exposure-induced skin injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rubus quinquefoliolatus T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu is a climbing shrub belonging to the Rosaceae family. It is widely distributed in the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou in China. In this study, we sequenced the first complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of R. quinquefoliolatus. The results showed a genome length of 156,489 bp, which is composed of a large single-copy (LSC) of 86,103 bp, small single-copy (SSC) of 18,844 bp, and two inverted repeats of 25,771 bp each. The whole chloroplast genome encodes 131 genes, including 86 coding sequences, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that R. quinquefoliolatus is closely related to R. lineatus and R. pentagonus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rubus chingii Hu 1925 is an important medicinal vine shrub in the Rosaceae family, widely distributed in China and Japan. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of R. chingii was sequenced and identified. The chloroplast genome was 155,563 bp in size with a total GC content of 37.06%. Two 25,749-bp inverted repeat (IRA and IRB) regions divided the genome as four sections, with the remainder forming a large single-copy (LSC, 85,322 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC, 18,743 bp) regions. This genome contained a total of 131 genes, of which 86 were protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that R. chingii , along with several other R. longisepalus , R. tsangii , R. hirsutus , R. taiwanicola , R. rubroangustifolius , and R. glandulosopunctatus , formed the monophylic group. Interestingly, the chloroplast genome structure we reported was different from the previously reported structure and provided richer phylogenetic analysis information in the Rubus genus compared to previous studies. The genome information reported in this paper will provide some useful information for further investigation on the evolution of the family Rosaceae., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflict of interest., (© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

Rubus quinquefoliolatus T.T.Yu & L.T.Lu is a climbing shrub belonging to the Rosaceae family. It is widely distributed in the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou in China. In this study, we sequenced the first complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of R. quinquefoliolatus . The results showed a genome length of 156,489 bp, which is composed of a large single-copy (LSC) of 86,103 bp, small single-copy (SSC) of 18,844 bp, and two inverted repeats of 25,771 bp each. The whole chloroplast genome encodes 131 genes, including 86 coding sequences, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that R. quinquefoliolatus is closely related to R. lineatus and R. pentagonus ., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)