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Quantum entanglement is a key resource in quantum information processing. In this paper, we propose a scheme for preparing a cluster entangled state by means of multiple nitrogen vacancy centers and microtoroidal resonator coupled systems. The scheme employs an input-output process and single-photon interference, without any other auxiliary entanglement particles or classical communication. Considering the current experimental technology, the scheme will be implemented and has an important role in the preparation of cluster entangled state by means of nitrogen vacancy centers and microtoroidal resonator coupled systems. Key words: quantum information, quantum entanglement, cluster state, nitrogen vacancy center, microtoroidal resonator. L'intrication quantique est la source cle premiere dans le traitement quantique de l'information. Nous proposons ici une procedure pour preparer un etat en paquet intrique, par le biais de systemes constitue de multiples centres lacunaires d'azote couples a un resonateur micro-toroidal. Ce schema utilise un procede d'entree-sortie et d'interference a un photon, sans autre particule intriquee auxiliaire ni de communication classique. Considerant l'etat actuel de la technologie experimentale, le schema peut etre realise et jouer un role important dans la preparation d'etats de centres lacunaires d'azote couples a un resonateur micro-toroidal. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : information quantique, intrication quantique, etat en paquet, centre lacunaire d'azote, resonateur micro-toroidal., 1. Introduction Quantum entanglement, a key resource in quantum information processing, is mainly used in quantum communication [1-2], quantum teleportation [3], quantum cryptography [4], and quantum dense coding [5]. In [...]

The spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a critical health issue that has drawn greater attention to the potential use of immunotherapy. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), a pattern recognition receptor, is an essential component in host innate defense system against S. aureus infection. However, little is known about the innate immune response, specifically TLR2 activation, against MRSA infection. Here, we evaluate the protective effect and the mechanism of MRSA murine pneumonia after pretreatment with Pam3CSK4, a TLR2 agonist. We found that the MRSA-pneumonia mouse model, pretreated with Pam3CSK4, had reduced bacteria and mortality in comparison to control mice. As well, lower protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were observed in lungs and bronchus of the Pam3CSK4 pretreatment group. Conversely, expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, but not TGF-β, increased in Pam3CSK4-pretreated mice. Our additional studies showed that CXCL-2 and CXCL1, which are necessary for neutrophil recruitment, were less evident in the Pam3CSK4-pretreated group compared to control group, whereas the expression of Fcγ receptors (FcγⅠ/Ⅲ) and complement receptors (CR1/3) increased in murine lungs. Furthermore, we found that increased survival and improved bacterial clearance were not a result of higher levels of neutrophil infiltration, but rather a result of enhanced phagocytosis and bactericidal activity of neutrophils in vitro and in vivo as well as increased robust oxidative activity and release of lactoferrin. Our cumulative findings suggest that Pam3CSK4 could be a novel immunotherapeutic candidate against MRSA pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scheme of probabilistic teleportation was proposed. In this scheme, we took a six-qubit nonmaximally cluster state as the quantum channel to teleport an unknown three-qubit entangled state. Based on Bob's three times Bell state measurement (BSM) results, the receiver Bob can by introducing an auxiliary particle and the appropriate transformation to reconstruct the initial state with a certain probability. We found that, the successful transmission probability depend on the absolute value of coefficients of two of six particle cluster state minimum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

So far, little is known about the diversity of the radiation-resistant microbes of the hyperarid Taklimakan Desert. In this study, ionizing radiation (IR)-resistant bacteria from two sites in Xinjiang were investigated. After exposing the arid (water content of 0.8 ± 0.3%) and non-arid (water content of 21.3 ± 0.9%) sediment samples to IR of 3000 Gy using a 60Co source, a total of 52 γ-radiation-resistant bacteria were isolated from the desert sample. The 16S rRNA genes of all isolates were sequenced. The phylogenetic tree places these isolates into five groups: Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Interestingly, this is the first report of radiation-resistant bacteria belonging to the genera Knoellia, Lysobacter, Nocardioides, Paracoccus, Pontibacter, Rufibacter and Microvirga. The 16s rRNA genes of four isolates showed low sequence similarities to those of the published species. Phenotypic analysis showed that all bacteria in this study are able to produce catalase, suggesting that these bacteria possess reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes. These radiation-resistant bacteria also displayed diverse metabolic properties. Moreover, their radiation resistances were found to differ. The diversity of the radiation-resistant bacteria in the desert provides further ecological support for the hypothesis that the ionizing-radiation resistance phenotype is a consequence of the evolution of ROS-scavenging systems that protect cells against oxidative damage caused by desiccation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We proposed a scheme for teleportation of an unknown superposition of two coherent-state with equal amplitudes but opposite phases by means of a degenerate V-type three-level atom with cavity-field. This scheme can be realized experimentally based on cavity QED techniques presently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the community-based health promotion effect of physical activity. Methods: The residents aged 18 and above from two communities in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang province, were randomly selected and recruited for the multi-strategy and comprehensive physical activity intervention. Questionnaire survey, physical check up and blood biochemistry were conducted. Results: After this two-year intervention, the time of the participant spent on weekly physical activity of moderate intensity increased from 464 min to 542 min (P<0.05), with an average increase of 78 min. Time spent in walking every week increased from 533 min to 678 min (P<0.05), with an average increase of 145 min. The body weight, waistline, blood pressure and heart rate all reduced significantly (P<0.05); the vital capacity increased significantly (P<0.05); and the related biochemical indicators were also improved. Conclusion: Comprehensive and evidence-based physical activity interventions targeting community population can improve the levels of physical activity, related body measurement and biochemical indicators. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We show that giant asymmetric transmission and optical rotation for linear polarizations can be achieved by a chiral three-dimensional metamaterial composed of L-shaped and C-shaped metallic particles. Numerical calculations on the electric field distributions indicate that the coupling between the electric dipolar and quadrupolar resonances in the L- and C-shaped metallic particles contributes to these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To determine the expression and localization of the electrogenic Na + /HCO 3 - cotransporter (NBC1) in rat pancreas during development., Methods: The rat pancreas from postnatal and embryos removed from the uterus of pregnant rats that had been sacrificed by CO 2 asphyxiation were used. Rat pancreas from embryonic day (E) 15.5 and E18.5 rat embryos was isolated under a stereomicroscope. Rat pancreas from postnatal (P) days 0, 7, 14, 21 and adult was directly isolated by the unaided eye. The RT-PCR analysis of the NBC1 specific region on rat pancreas tissues from different developmental stages. The two antibodies which target the NBC1 common COOH-terminal region and NH 2 -terminal region detected a clear band of about 145 kDa in the Western blot analysis. The localization of NBC1 was examined by immuno-fluorescence detection., Results: The results revealed the first peak of NBC1 expression at E18.5 and the second peak at P14. Meanwhile, the low NBC1 expression occurred at P7 and adult stages. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of NBC1 in the plasma membrane of β and α cells, as well as in the basolateral membrane of acinar cells of the rat pancreas at different stages of development., Conclusion: The data strongly suggests that NBC1 is diversely expressed in the pancreas at different developmental stages, where it may exert its functions in pancreatic development especially islet cell growth through HCO 3 - transport and pH regulation., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Giardia lamblia is medically important as a cause of diarrhea and malabsorption throughout the world and is thought to be one of the earliest-branching eukaryotes on a phylogenetic tree. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of inheritance are largely unknown. The trophozoites of Giardia and other diplomonads are interesting in their possession of two nuclei that are identical or similar in several respects. They replicate at nearly the same time, have similar quantities of DNA, and are both transcriptionally active. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization to demonstrate that genes from each of the five chromosomes are found in both nuclei, confirming that each nucleus has at least one complete copy of the genome. This raises a second question. The alleles of a gene in different nuclei are expected to accumulate different mutations, but surprisingly, the degree of heterozygosity in a clone is very low. One possible mechanism for eliminating sequence differences between nuclei is that each daughter cell receives two copies of the same nucleus at cell division. We used trophozoites with a plasmid transfected into a single nucleus to demonstrate that the two nuclei are partitioned equationally at cytokinesis. The mechanism(s) by which homozygosity is maintained will require further investigation.