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Ever-increasing space debris poses a great threat to spacecraft safety; its removal debuts as an innovative technology and will be in demand in the future. This article proposes a design for micro/nano joint satellites composed of four micro/nanosatellites with high maneuverability to clear space debris. The design incorporates two operating modes with typical applications, and the joint satellite features and essential key technologies are introduced. With the aim to demonstrate well-performed image data fusion and processing of the design, four cameras with different spectral and optical properties are installed for each micro/nanosatellite to acquire images and spectral characteristics for multifeatured identification of debris based on comprehensive analysis. Due to the different remote sensing payloads of the four micro/nanosatellites, the joint satellite is also capable of remote sensing. Compared with a single micro/nanosatellite, the joint satellite is more accurate for debris identification and rapid on-orbit maneuverability in addition to the superior flexibility brought by a touch-and-unfold separating removal mechanism.

Abstract Objectives To explore the association between CT-derived pectoralis muscle index (PMI) and COVID-19 induced lung injury. Methods We enrolled 116 elderly COVID-19 patients linked to the COVID-19 outbreak in Nanjing Lukou international airport. We extracted three sessions of their CT data, including one upon admission (T1), one during the first 2 weeks when lung injury peaked (T2) and one on day 14 ± 2 (T3). Lung injury was assessed by CT severity score (CTSS) and pulmonary opacity score (POS). Pneumonia evolution was evaluated by changes of CT scores at T2 from T1(Δ). Results The maximum CT scores in low PMI patients were higher than those of normal PMI patients, including CTSS1 (7, IQR 6–10 vs. 5, IQR 3–6, p 4. The presence of low PMI (OR = 5.98, p 4. Meanwhile, presence of low PMI (OR = 2.82, p = 0.042) and incrementally increasing D-dimer (OR = 0.088, p = 0.024) were predictors of lung injury aggravation with ΔPOS = 2. Conclusions PMI can be easily assessed on chest CT images and can potentially be used as one of the markers to predict the severity of lung injury in elderly COVID-19 patients.

The continuous full operation of the constellation of BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) provides favorable conditions for the performance evaluation of the BDS inter-satellite links (ISLs). The primary features of ISLs that affect the precision of precise orbit determination (POD) and time synchronization include (i) the spatiotemporal coverage or continuity of observations; (ii) the observational accuracy, such as observation noise and bias; and (iii) the observational geometry represented by dilution of precision. After comparing some technical features and the current status of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems ISLs, the measurement principle of dual one-way ISLs for BDS and its data processing methods are presented. The performance evaluation involving the above three aspects was carried out using 14 days of ISL data, with some typical indicators derived. POD based on data fusion of ISLs and ground-based L-band monitoring stations was conducted, with root-mean-square of posterior residuals of about 5.0 cm, and MEO radial accuracy better than 1.0 cm. The results show that ISLs offer crucial support for BDS to provide global high-precision services under regional monitoring network conditions.

Objective: In order to effectively improve or eliminate as much as possible in the refrigeration system, the uneven distribution of gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant in the evaporator leads to the performance decline of the refrigeration system. Methods: The adopts CFD numerical simulation method was used to establish the physical model of rectifier nozzle type distributor and mathematical model of gas-liquid two-phase flow, based on the mixture model in multiphase flow model, which simulated the phase distribution and the degree of gas-liquid two-phase separation inside this distributor,. Then the influence of inlet conditions (inlet flow rate and mass flow fraction of gas) on the uniformity of diverter distribution was analyzed. Results: The results showed that when the inlet flow rate was 1 m/s and the mass flow fraction of gas was 0.2, the flow pattern gradually stabilizes and a uniform annular flow could be formed. Under the control of these conditions, the overall unevenness of the distributor reached the minimum value and had the best effect of liquid separation. Conclusion: On the basis of optimizing the structure of the distributor, the flow pattern can be further adjusted by adjusting the inlet condition to the best, and the symmetrical annular flow can be formed to realize uniform liquid separation.

Collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1) as an oncogene has been reported in several malignant tumors. Herein, we aimed to explore the function of COL11A1 and its upstream regulators in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). COL11A1 expression prognostic significance, gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and immune infiltration were explored in LUAD. In vitro experimental measurements were implemented to validate the function of COL11A1 and LINC00665 in LUAD cells. Our study demonstrated that LINC00665-2 and COL11A1 were significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues compared with nontumor tissues. COL11A1 was positively correlated with multiple immune cell enrichment, suggesting that COL11A1 may be a prospective therapeutic target to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in LUAD. A regulatory mechanism LINC00665-2/microRNAs (miRNAs)/COL11A1 axis was identified to facilitate the tumorigenesis of LUAD. si-LINC00665 transfection induced the inhibition of growth and migration, and apoptosis was reversed by the overexpression of COL11A1 in LUAD cells. In conclusion, LINC00665 as a competing endogenous RNA sponging multiple miRNAs to modulate COL11A1 expression in LUAD, suggesting that LINC00665/miRNAs/COL11A1 axis may contribute to the pathogenesis of LUAD.

The nano VO2 powders were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The effects of Gd and Nd element doping on the structure and phase transition temperature of VO2 were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that Gd element and Nd element will affect the structure of VO2. Gd3+ and Nd3+ can occupy partial position of V4+ lattice and form solid solution, increasing the lattice parameters of VO2. Both the doped and un-doped VO2 powders exhibit a monoclinic structure at room temperature. Due to the lattice deformation caused by Gd or Nd doping, the aggregation of particles is prevented, and the grain is refined obviously. Differential scanning calorimetry curves showed that both Gd doping and Nd doping can reduce the phase transition temperature of VO2(M). When the Gd doping concentration is 6 at%, the phase transition temperature can be reduced from 71.7°C to 60.3°C, and the infrared transmittance before and after the phase transition also changes significantly, reaching more than 40%. Nd doping is similar, and the phase transition temperature decreased to 55.6°C with the addition of 9 at% Nd.

Stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen act as “nature’s recorder”. As a carrier for individual human information, human hair can be measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to translate into information about people’s dietary habits, health condition and life track. The basic principle behind establishing dietary lifestyle using isotopic profiles of human hair is the fact that the body’s only source of C, N is a person’s staple diet. It may have significant differences in carbon, nitrogen isotopic compositions of human hair that are living at different regions. The aim of the study was to analyze the discrepancy of 15N and 13C stable isotope ratios in human hair collected from different cities, and explore the relationship between carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios and human groups, such as gender and age. The carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in the human hair of 247 local residents from 8 different cities were investigated by IRMS. The results showed that there were significant difference in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of human hair from different cities. The value of δ13C was negatively correlated with vegetable consumption per capita. The value of δ15N was positively correlated with meat consumption per capita, and might be increased by high intake of fish. The relationship between δ13C, δ15N and the factors of gender and age demonstrated that there were no significant difference between males and females, but the age of females showed a weakly negative correlation with δ13C. By comparing the data of this paper and other literatures, the carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in the hair of residents in China were different from other countries, which implied that there were various dietary habits in different countries.

In this study, a novel CT contrast agent used by rectal administration is developed for targeting intestinal imaging. Iopamidol, an iodinated contrast agent, is loaded in chitosan (CS) nanospheres modified by Anti-5-HT3R (AH) antibody. The obtained AH-CS-I nanospheres (AH-CS-I Ns) would combine to 5-HT3 receptors highly expressed on the gastrointestinal mucosal, enhancing the intestinal-targeting ability of the contrast agent. The AH-CS-I Ns were administered by the rectal route for intestinal CT imaging, and FITC-labeled AH-CS-I Ns were prepared for investigating the in vivo distribution of the contrast agent. As a result, obvious contrast enhancement could still be observed at 6 h post administration because of the poorly absorption of enteral AH-CS-I Ns. Unlike the intravascularly administered agents, AH-CS-I Ns would not accumulate in the kidney and induce adverse reactions. Therefore, this technology has potential applications in the examination of intestinal diseases and could reduce the side effect of commercial iopamidol.

Abstract Based on research on big data, data mining and other relevant technical theories, a power material demand analysis system is designed and implemented based on big data technology. The main aim of the study is to forecast material demand and provide data support for decision‐makers. The system includes a data centre subsystem and an application subsystem. At the same time, two kinds of collaborative transmission process models of supply chain information are established, and simulation analysis is carried out on the two models by the Monte Carlo method to verify the effect of collaborative transmission of information flow in supply chains within big data environments. The major contribution of the work is the design of a supply chain model with the help of big data. The impacts of the Internet of Things with empirical studies and limited models are the focuses of the study. It can be seen from the simulation results that there will be a minimum R to minimise the cost C under the two supply chain information‐transfer process models. The manufacturing cost of the big data platform is about 50% lower than that of the traditional supply chain, and increased delay costs accordingly lead to increased costs for manufacturers in both supply chains.

There have been many leading research achievements in the past year in the field of gynecologic oncology. Breakthroughs in surgical treatment, adjuvant therapy and targeted therapy have been made in the common gynecological malignancies, including cervical cancer, uterine cancer and ovarian cancer. Targeted therapy has greatly improved the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. For a specific kind of ovarian cancer patients, targeted therapy has resulted in significant survival improvement. In terms of surgical treatment, more research has been conducted on the safety of radical laparoscopic surgery for cervical cancer compared with laparotomy surgery. Surgical modality for endometrial cancer is constantly updated and explored as well.

Widely-graded gravelly soil is composed of gravelly and clayey material in a certain proportion. It has the characteristics of low compressibility and high shear strength. At present, it is widely used as the core material for embankment dams and subgrade filling. Due to the low permeability of well-graded gravelly soil, the consolidation process is slow in conventional consolidated- drained (CD) triaxial tests, resulting in a long test period. In order to improve the efficiency of consolidation process, a quick triaxial CD test method with cylindrical sand core in the center of specimen is proposed in this paper. A comprehensive study on the influence of various factors on the quick triaxial CD test of well-graded gravelly soils is performed by changing types of sand cores, diameters of core sand cylinder and gravel contents. Results show that the proposed quick triaxial CD test method can effectively accelerate the consolidation process of the specimen, thus speeding up the whole test. Various factors including type of sand core, diameter of core sand cylinder and gravel content show different levels of influence on the speed of consolidation process and the stress-strain curve in the subsequent shearing stage. The smaller the diameter of the sand core is, the closer the test results are to those of specimens without sand cores.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to analyse the serotypes of epidemic Haemophilus influenzae and changes in mechanisms of β-lactam resistance over the past decade. Results: Haemophilus influenzae isolates in Western Sichuan from 2013–2014 were non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi). β-Lactam MICs for NTHi isolated during 2013–2014 were significantly higher than those from 2003–2004 (P < 0.05). Of 274 NTHi, 141 (51.5%) were β-lactamase-positive (TEM-1 type). There were 35 amino acid (AA) substitutions in ftsI among NTHi isolated from 2013–2014. However, NTHi isolates from 2003–2004 had only nine AA substitutions. Ordered multiple classification logistic regression analysis showed that different AA substitution patterns in ftsI had different effects on β-lactam MICs. The main factors affecting the ampicillin MIC were the mutations R517H (OR = 6.999), L389F (OR = 7.128), N526K (OR = 4.660) and D350N (OR = 0.450). The main factor influencing the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid MIC was an N526K mutation (OR = 9.349). The main factors affecting the cefuroxime MIC were the mutations S357N (OR = 37.453) and N526K (OR = 14.816). Compared with 2003–2004, gBLNAR and gBLPAR isolated from 2013–2014 increased significantly from 13.0% (7/54) and 9.3% (5/54) to 38.2% (84/220) and 45.5% (100/220), respectively (P < 0.001). In the ‘others’ group of ftsI gene mutations, 13 NTHi had the same ftsI gene mutation pattern and 24 AA substitutions. Conclusion: These results confirm that β-lactam-resistant NTHi isolates increased rapidly. AA substitutions in ftsI were more complex and diversified in 2013–2014.

[Objective] The parametric rolling is a special instability phenomenon of ship in the wave. The current research proves that the change of the stability parameter when the wave passes through the hull is the reason for the rolling motion of the hull,but the mechanical mechanism is unclear.[Methods] Firstly,based on the equations of heave and pitch coupled motion in inertial coordinates and the equations of roll motion in hull coordinates,a hybrid dynamic model of heave pitch and roll was established; secondly,the proposed method of oscillating strip method was used to calculate the motion of ship parametric rolling numerically,and a criterion for parameter roll was proposed based on the principle of energy.[Results] The research results show that the mechanical mechanism for the occurrence of parametric rolling of a ship is that the energy absorbed by the recovery moment coefficient during the increase of the roll angle is less than the energy released by the recovery moment during the decrease of the roll angle;the criterion is that the phase angle of the first-order harmonic component of the recovery torque coefficient lies within[0, π].[Conclusions] Defining the mechanical mechanism of parametric roll is helpful to understand the physical nature of the parametric roll instability mode. The proposed parametric roll criterion is of reference significance for the development of the second generation intact stability criterion of the ship.

Objective: To explore the possible mechanism of Yi Xin Tai Formula (YXTF) in treating heart failure (HF) by network pharmacology method and to verify the related targets by western blotting. Methods: Using the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database with its analysis platform for HF as a disease model, the active ingredients of YXTF were filtered according to the oral bioavailability (OB) and drug- likeness (DL), and the corresponding targets were predicted. The disease targets of HF were retrieved by Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) database. Then, “YXTF compounds - Targets - HF” network was constructed in the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, the network visualized through the Cytoscape software, and the key nodes of the network achieved according to Degree (D), Closeness Centrality (CC), and Betweenness Centrality (BC). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) gene function enrichment analysis was carried out for the key nodes with the help of GATHER database platform. The rabbit model of HF was established by coarctation of the abdominal aorta and perfusion of propylthiouracil (PTU). The pathological changes and protein expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) protein were observed by western blotting. Results: “YXTF compounds - Targets - HF” network consisted of 403 nodes, 136 key nodes and 10 related KEGG pathways that included focal adhesions, cell cycles, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, Toll-like receptor signaling pathways, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, Gap junctions, adherens junctions, TGF-β signaling pathways, apoptosis and Wnt signaling pathways, respectively. The expression of TGF-β protein in myocardium decreased significantly. Conclusions: According to the network pharmacology, the treatment of YXTF for HF might be related to 10 metabolic pathways. The effects of the multicompound-multitarget-multi pathways and the synergistic effect drawn from the compounds that act as the monarch, minister, adjuvant, guide medicines were revealed through this study. Keywords: Yi Xin Tai Formula (YXTF), Heart failure (HF), Network pharmacology, Western blotting, TGF-β signal pathway

Background: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are uncommon and their frequency is regionally heterogeneous. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of this disease entity, but the majority of these were conducted in limited areas, making it difficult to comprehensively analyze their relative frequency and clinical features. Furthermore, no consensus treatment for PTCLs has been established. Therefore, we conducted an Asia-specific study to understand the relative frequency of PTCLs and assess treatments and their outcomes in Asian patients. Methods: We performed a multinational, multicenter, prospective registry of adult patients with PTCLs that was named as the International Cooperative non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma prospective registry study where thirty-two institutes from six Asian countries and territories (Korea, China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia) participated. Findings: A total of 486 patients were registered between April 2016 and February 2019, and more than a half of patients (57%) had stage III or IV. Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T- cell lymphoma was the most common subtype (n = 139,28.6%), followed by angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, n = 120,24.7%), PTCL-not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS, n = 101,20.8%), ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL, n = 34,6.9%), and ALK-negative ALCL (n = 30,6.2%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 21.1 months (95% CI,10.6–31.6) and 83.6 months (95% CI, 56.7–110.5), respectively. Upfront use of combined treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy showed better PFS than chemotherapy alone in localized ENKTL whereas consolidation with upfront autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) provided longer PFS in advance stage ENKTL. In patients with PTCLs other than ENKTL, anthracycline-containing chemotherapies were widely used, but the outcome of those regimens was not satisfactory, and upfront autologous SCT was not significantly associated with survival benefit, either. The treatment outcome of salvage chemotherapy was disappointing, and none of the salvage strategies showed superiority to one another. Interpretation: This multinational, multicenter study identified the relative frequency of each subtype of PTCLs across Asian countries, and the survival outcomes according to the therapeutic strategies currently used. Funding: Samsung Biomedical Research Institute

The effects of processing parameters on the content of polyphenols in sorghum during processing were studied. The results showed that the optimum process parameter optimized by orthogonal experiment were: ratio of material to liquid was 1∶10, soaking temperature was 10 ℃for 4 h, steaming time was 45 min, drying temperature was 100 ℃ for 1 h, baking temperature was 185 ℃ for 35 min.The sorghum tea produced under these conditions looks golden, with baking coke cream aroma, contains polyphenol substances as much as possible with strong antioxidant activity.

Monitoring drug release in vitro and in vivo is of paramount importance to accurately locate diseased tissues, avoid inappropriate drug dosage, and improve therapeutic efficiency. In this regard, it is promising to develop strategies for real-time monitoring of drug release inside targeted cells or even in living bodies. Thus far, many multi-functional drug delivery systems constructed by a variety of building blocks, such as organic molecules, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, and inorganic nanoparticles, have been developed for drug release monitoring. Especially, with the advancements in imaging modalities relating to nanomaterials, there has been an increasing focus on the use of non-invasive imaging techniques for monitoring drug release and drug efficacy in recent years. In this review, we introduce the application of fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and multi-mode imaging in monitoring drug release, involving a variety of nanomaterials such as organic or inorganic nanoparticles as imaging agents; their design principles are also elaborated. Among these, a special emphasis is placed on fluorescence-based drug release monitoring strategies, followed by a brief overview of MRI, SERS, and multi-mode imaging-based strategies. In the end, the challenges and prospects of drug release monitoring are also discussed.

[Objectives] The strip method is widely used in the sea-keeping design of ships, but the hydrodynamics are only evaluated for the mean-hull position,so heaving,pitching and rolling motions are not essentially coupled. [Methods] For the effective coupling of hull heaving,pitching and rolling motions,based on the extensive pitch angle and increased draught,and the analytical expression of the instantaneous wave surface equation under the hull coordinate system,the calculation formula of pressure distribution under the wave surface is amended under the condition that the pressure at the wave surface is zero(Smith effect). Based on the wave surface equation and pressure distribution correction formula,the calculation method for obtaining the hydrostatic force on hull sections under an instantaneous wave surface and Froude-Krylov wave excitation force is given. Inertial hydrodynamic force and damping force are calculated by empirical formulations. As such,the heaving,pitching and rolling coupling dynamic equations are derived via the time variants of the coefficients,and calculation software is developed on the basis of surface area computing technology of AutoCAD.[Results] The simulation results show very clear characters with the linear method on small wave height,the rolling amplitude frequency response very evidently shows non-linear effects for heavy seas,and the rolling-yawing can also be seen in the wave direction in the resonance region.[Conclusions] This approach can be useful for predicting sea-keeping performance in heavy seas,and the developed software may be used for evaluating sea-keeping hull forms.

In this work, new experimental value for water content in sour natural gas were reported. In addition, to predict the water content in sour natural gas, a modified cubic plus association equation of state (CPA-EoS) was also proposed. In this model, a new energy parameter a was proposed to make an accurate description of saturated liquid density. Additionally, a temperature dependent binary interaction parameter kij for six binary systems was also obtained. Lastly, a comparison between the prediction results of the modified CPA-EoS and the experimental data was presented, and the results showed that the modified CPA-EoS could predict the water content in sour natural gas with high accuracy, which has an AAD of 3.6722% with experimental data in literatures and an AAD of 1.946% for experimental data reported in this work.

In order to evaluate the combat capability of surface warships while considering the impact of wind and waves, the impact on seagoing performance and weapon operation is analyzed, an evaluation index system for the combat capability evaluation of surface warships is determined, and an evaluation method is presented on the basis of the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and multi-attribute utility theory. Next, a typical example is used to validate the proposed method. It is found that the integrated combat capability of an evaluated destroyer in sea state 5 is approximate to 81.5% of that in calm water (sea state 0). The results show that the proposed method can quantitatively evaluate the actual combat capability of surface warships while considering the impact of wind and waves, which provides technical support for new ship demonstration and development.

Subgrade filling of high-speed railway will cause additional settlement and deformation of existing lines.In this paper,using the finite element analysis platform (Taxis 2D) and considering the settlement of the existing line itself, This paper analyzes the impact of the new and old subgrade lap type and the layer filled this lesson of the new subgrade on the implementation of the existing subgrade. The results illustrate the following points:(1) Compared with different overlapping surface types, different filling those points have a greater impact on the settlement of the existing line; (2) The height of the steps is 0.6m and the width is 1.0m.In the subsequent layered filling construction process, each level The loading capacity of 30cm is more reasonable, which can effectively control the influence of the existing line on the additional settlement of the existing railway. The research results can provide a reference for the optimization of similar roadbed width construction.

In order to strengthen the construction risk management of underground engineering projects, reduce the probability of accidents, and ensure that the underground engineering completes the construction tasks on schedule, the article relies on a certain subway engineering project to carry out research from the aspects of risk identification, risk factor analysis, and risk factor evaluation. The article adopts analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to carry out risk factor evaluation weight analysis and risk system evaluation in the construction process, and then realize reasonable prediction and evaluation of construction risk factors. Finally, this essay sorts out the prevention and control measures of underground engineering construction risk management from five aspects of personnel, machinery, management, environment and technology, and then provides auxiliary decision-making for underground engineering construction risk management.