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Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, universities in Hong Kong have implemented online and hybrid teaching modes, making computer-assisted language learning (CALL) a primary way for English learning. Research on English learning motivation and self-regulation has seldom considered learners' emotions (satisfaction and preparedness) and the synchronic online courses in a CALL context. Objectives: This study analyses the relationship between Hong Kong university students' motivation and self-regulation by considering their emotions in computer-assisted synchronic online English courses. Methods: 311 Hong Kong university students were invited to complete two questionnaires that investigated students' motivation and self-regulation in computer-assisted online English courses. SPSS 26 was employed for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to extract factors and exclude unsuitable items, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to verify the results of EFA. One-way ANOVA was conducted to detect the impact of personal emotion on motivation and self-regulation. AMOS 26 was adopted to construct a structural equation model (SEM) to explore the relationship between motivation and self-regulation in the CALL context. Results and Conclusions: The results show that satisfaction and preparedness positively correlate with online English learning motivation and self-regulation. Instrumentality-attitude significantly predicts all factors of self-regulation via SEM and goal setting significantly predicts all factors of motivation. With feasible English learning goals, Hong Kong university students are more proactive in learning English online where they actively interact with teachers and peers. Implications: Based on the L2 self-system (Dörnyei, The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition, 2005) and self-determination theory (Barnard et al., Internet and Higher Education, 2009, 12, 1-6), this study clarifies the relationship between motivation and self-regulation in the CALL context, expanding the application scope of the two theories. COVID-19 has changed the teaching mode greatly, calling for a revolution in language education and learning. This study provides significant pedagogical implications that benefit both learners and teachers in CALL post-COVID-19.

Rotated object detection is a crucial task in aerial image analysis. To address challenges such as multi-directional object rotation, complex backgrounds with occlusions, and the trade-off between speed and accuracy in remote sensing images, this paper introduces a lightweight progressive fusion calibration network for rotated object detection (LPFC-RDet). The network comprises three main modules: the Retentive Meet Transformers (RMT) feature extraction block, the Progressive Fusion Calibration module (PFC), and the Shared Group Convolution Lightweight detection head (SGCL). The RMT feature extraction block integrates a retentive mechanism with global context modeling to learn rotation-insensitive features. The PFC module employs pixel-level, local-level, and global-level weights to calibrate features, enhancing feature extraction from occluded objects while suppressing background interference. The SGCL detection head uses decoupled detection tasks and shared group convolution layers to achieve parameter sharing and feature interaction, improving accuracy while maintaining a lightweight structure. Experimental results demonstrate that our method surpasses state-of-the-art detectors on three widely used remote sensing object datasets: HRSC2016, UCAS_AOD, and DOTA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significant differences in target scales of remote sensing images lead to remarkable variations in visual features, posing significant challenges for feature extraction, fusion, regression, and classification. For example, models frequently struggle to capture features of targets across all scales, inadequately consider the weights and importance of features at different scales during fusion, and encounter accuracy limitations when detecting targets of varying scales. To tackle these challenges, we proposes a Scale-Robust Feature Aggregation and Diffusion Network (SRFAD-Net) for remote sensing target detection. This model includes a Scale-Robust Feature Network (SRFN), an Adaptive Feature Aggregation and Diffusion (AFAD) module, and a Focaler-GIoU Loss. SRFN extracts scale-robust features by constructing a multi-scale pyramid. It includes a downsampling (ADown) module that combines the advantages of average pooling and max pooling, effectively preserving background information and salient features. This further enhances the network's ability to handle targets of varying scales and shapes. The introduced Deformable Attention(DAttention) mechanism captures target features effectively through adaptive adjustment of the receptive field's shape and size, reducing background clutter and substantially enhancing the model's performance in detecting distant objects. In the feature fusion stage, we propose the AFAD module, which utilizes a dimension-adaptive perceptual selection mechanism and parallel depthwise convolutional operations to precisely aggregate multi-channel information. It then employs a diffusion mechanism to spread contextual information across various scales, greatly improving the network's ability to extract and fuse features across multiple scales. For the detection head, we adopt the Focaler-GIoU Loss, leveraging its advantages in handling non-overlapping bounding boxes, effectively alleviating the difficulty of localization caused by scale variations. We have undertaken experiments on two widely utilized aerial target datasets: the Remote Sensing Scene Object Detection Dataset (RSOD) and NWPU VHR-10, which is a high-resolution object detection dataset from Northwestern Polytechnical University. The findings of these experiments clearly illustrate that SRFAD-Net surpasses the performances of mainstream detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pholis fangi is a small, bottom-dwelling fish species endemic to the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in China. While previous research has focused on its population biology and molecular structure, little is known about the early developmental stages of this species. In this study, larval and juvenile P. fangi specimens were collected from the Sheyang Sea Area, Jiangsu Province, in 2017. Morphological features were examined using microscopy, and DNA barcoding was conducted to confirm species identification. The research documented detailed changes in yolk sac, fin development, and melanophore distribution patterns across larval and juvenile stages of P. fangi. Comparative analysis with other Pholis species revealed that melanophore distribution is a key distinguishing characteristic, allowing effective differentiation between larval and juvenile stages, as well as between Pholis species. This study provides valuable insights into the early life history of P. fangi, contributing to a better understanding of the genus Pholis. The findings demonstrate the utility of combining traditional morphological observation and molecular techniques for accurate species identification, particularly during the critical larval and juvenile developmental phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a plant-derived phenolic compound, is recognized for its potent antioxidant capabilities alongside a spectrum of pharmacological benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral properties. These attributes have propelled HT into the spotlight as a premier nutraceutical and food additive, heralding a new era in health and wellness applications. Traditional methods for HT production, encompassing physico-chemical techniques and plant extraction, are increasingly being supplanted by biotechnological approaches. These modern methodologies offer several advantages, notably environmental sustainability, safety, and cost-effectiveness, which align with current demands for green and efficient production processes. This review delves into the biosynthetic pathways of HT, highlighting the enzymatic steps involved and the pivotal role of genetic and metabolic engineering in enhancing HT yield. It also surveys the latest progress in the biotechnological synthesis of HT, examining innovative strategies that leverage both genetically modified and non-modified organisms. Furthermore, this review explores the burgeoning potential of HT as a nutraceutical, underscoring its diverse applications and the implications for human health. Through a detailed examination of both the biosynthesis and biotechnological advances in HT production, this review contributes valuable insights to the field, charting a course towards the sustainable and scalable production of this multifaceted compound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report on the concurrent emergence of the directional Kondo behavior and incommensurate magnetic ordering in a layered material. We employ temperature- and magnetic field-dependent resistivity measurements, susceptibility measurements, and high resolution wavelength X-ray diffraction spectroscopy to study the electronic properties of AgCrSe2. Impurity Kondo behavior with a characteristic temperature of TK = 32 K is identified through quantitative analysis of the in-plane resistivity, substantiated by magneto-transport measurements. The excellent agreement between our experimental data and the Schlottmann's scaling theory allows us to determine the impurity spin as S = 3/2. Furthermore, we discuss the origin of the Kondo behavior and its relation to the material's antiferromagnetic transition. Our study uncovers a rare phenomenon—the equivalence of the Néel temperature and the Kondo temperature—paving the way for further investigations into the intricate interplay between impurity physics and magnetic phenomena in quantum materials, with potential applications in advanced electronic and magnetic devices. This study reports on the simultaneous emergence of the impurity Kondo effect and incommensurate magnetic ordering in the layered material AgCrSe2 these usually mutually exclusive phenomena complement each other. The ability to enable Kondo effect in association with the antiferromagnetic order, provides a novel route to tune the competition between magnetic correlations and Kondo screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cement production is an industry that consumes a lot of electric energy. During the period of power shortage in China, the government encouraged multi-channel financing to run electricity to alleviate the power shortage problem of large industrial users. Therefore, many cement enterprises have established their own power plants. This paper analyses the basic electrical characteristics of the cement industry, classifies the loads of enterprises, and studies the regulation characteristics of various types of equipment.

Centralized power generation by self owned power plants of high energy consumption enterprises will lead to insufficient peak shaving capacity of the power grid. Once the self owned power plants have operational problems, they will easily lead to large-scale blackouts, which will have a great impact on power supply reliability. The national electric power system reform opinion points out that the regulation focus of ensuring the balance of power supply and demand in the power grid should be shifted from the generation side to the load side, and the potential advantages of self owned power plants that combine power generation resources with large loads can be utilized. Self owned power plants participate in the equal management and fair competition of public power plants, can better play its role while improving the supervision of self owned power plants, which is conducive to maintaining the order of the power market and improving the stability of the implementation of power reform.

Self-provided power plants are set up in order to maintain normal operation in some high energyconsuming industries in the era of power shortage in China. In a specific historical period, it effectively alleviated the problems of insufficient power supply and low reliability of the power grid, and promoted the rapid development of the national economy. The construction of self-provided power plants in the steel industry is to save electricity costs and improve the operational reliability of important units. This paper analyzes the basic production electrical characteristics and equipment load characteristics of the self-provided power plant in iron and steel industry, and summarizes the adjustment ability of the equipment from two aspects of power generation side and load side.

Background: Patients who underwent knee joint arthroplasty were at risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), however, less studies were conducted to demonstrate the epidemiology and risk factors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Objective of this study was to explore the incidence and prognostic factors of DVT after UKA. Methods: Patients who underwent primary UKA from December 2018 to June 2022 were recruited in this study. Demographic characteristics, operation related variables and laboratory index were extracted and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to detect the optimum cut-off value for variables of interest. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were performed to identify risk factors of DVT. Results: 351 UKAs with a mean age of 65.4 ± 7.1 years were reviewed. After 12.9 ± 11.2 months follow-up, 35 DVTs were confirmed which indicating an incidence of 9.9%. The results showed that occupation (agricultural laborer) (P = 0.008), disease duration > 8.5 years (P = 0.035), operation time > 169 min (P = 0.003), intraoperative blood loss > 102 ml (P < 0.001), BMI > 26.8 kg/m 2 (P = 0.001), preoperative D-dimer > 0.29 mg/L (P = 0.001), prothrombin time < 10.7 s (P = 0.033) and INR < 0.98 (P = 0.032) between DVT and Non-DVT group were significantly different. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed intraoperative blood loss > 102 ml (OR, 3.707; P, 0.001), BMI > 26.8 kg/m 2 (OR, 4.664; P, 0.004) and D-dimer > 0.29 mg/L (OR, 2.882; P, 0.009) were independent risk factors of DVT after UKA. Conclusion: The incidence of DVT in the present study was 9.9%, extensive intraoperative blood loss, advanced BMI and high level of D-dimer would increase the risk of lower extremity thrombosis by 2–4 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Progress in magnetoelectric materials is hindered by apparently contradictory requirements for time‐reversal symmetry broken and polar ferroelectric electronic structure in common ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. Alternative routes can be provided by recent discoveries of a time‐reversal symmetry breaking anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in noncollinear magnets and altermagnets, but hitherto reported bulk materials are not polar. Here, the authors report the observation of a spontaneous AHE in doped AgCrSe2, a layered polar semiconductor with an antiferromagnetic coupling between Cr spins in adjacent layers. The anomalous Hall resistivity 3 μΩcm$\mu \Omega \, \textnormal {cm}$ is comparable to the largest observed in compensated magnetic systems to date, and is rapidly switched off when the angle of an applied magnetic field is rotated to ≈80° from the crystalline c‐axis. The ionic gating experiments show that the anomalous Hall conductivity magnitude can be enhanced by modulating the p‐type carrier density. They also present theoretical results that suggest the AHE is driven by Berry curvature due to noncollinear antiferromagnetic correlations among Cr spins, which are consistent with the previously suggested magnetic ordering in AgCrSe2. The results open the possibility to study the interplay of magnetic and ferroelectric‐like responses in this fascinating class of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the call of the state to deepen power system reform, strengthen and standardize the supervision and management of coal-fired captive power plants, and implement regulation from the load side to effectively ensure the power supply and demand balance of the power grid, a flexible interactive platform system between captive power plants and the power grid is developed. The platform software has the functions of self owned power plant file management, resource adjustable potential analysis, operation state detection, energy consumption analysis, transaction management, etc., and the response time to power grid interactive instructions is less than 10 seconds.

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID‐19, universities in Hong Kong have implemented online and hybrid teaching modes, making computer‐assisted language learning (CALL) a primary way for English learning. Research on English learning motivation and self‐regulation has seldom considered learners' emotions (satisfaction and preparedness) and the synchronic online courses in a CALL context. Objectives: This study analyses the relationship between Hong Kong university students' motivation and self‐regulation by considering their emotions in computer‐assisted synchronic online English courses. Methods: 311 Hong Kong university students were invited to complete two questionnaires that investigated students' motivation and self‐regulation in computer‐assisted online English courses. SPSS 26 was employed for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to extract factors and exclude unsuitable items, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to verify the results of EFA. One‐way ANOVA was conducted to detect the impact of personal emotion on motivation and self‐regulation. AMOS 26 was adopted to construct a structural equation model (SEM) to explore the relationship between motivation and self‐regulation in the CALL context. Results and Conclusions: The results show that satisfaction and preparedness positively correlate with online English learning motivation and self‐regulation. Instrumentality‐attitude significantly predicts all factors of self‐regulation via SEM and goal setting significantly predicts all factors of motivation. With feasible English learning goals, Hong Kong university students are more proactive in learning English online where they actively interact with teachers and peers. Implications: Based on the L2 self‐system (Dörnyei, The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition, 2005) and self‐determination theory (Barnard et al., Internet and Higher Education, 2009, 12, 1–6), this study clarifies the relationship between motivation and self‐regulation in the CALL context, expanding the application scope of the two theories. COVID‐19 has changed the teaching mode greatly, calling for a revolution in language education and learning. This study provides significant pedagogical implications that benefit both learners and teachers in CALL post‐COVID‐19. Lay Description: What is currently known about this topic: Motivation and self‐regulation greatly affect learners' performance in online English learning.There is a correlation between L2 learners' motivation and self‐regulation.Preparedness and satisfaction are related to learners' learning anxiety and motivation and directly affect learners' online learning achievement. What this paper adds: Satisfaction and preparedness positively correlate with online English learning motivation and self‐regulation.Instrumentality‐attitude significantly predicts all factors of self‐regulation via SEM and goal setting significantly predicts all factors of motivation.With feasible English learning goals, Hong Kong university students are more proactive in learning English online where they actively interact with teachers and peers. What are the implications of our topic for practitioners?: Learners and teachers must highlight the importance of satisfaction and preparedness in online English courses.Learners and teachers should attach great importance to the instrumentality‐attitude in the CALL context, and teachers can appropriately reduce the difficulty of English learning and design study content according to the needs of different students.Teachers should assist Hong Kong university students in formulating reasonable and feasible short‐term and long‐term learning goals at the beginning of online English courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In half-metallic systems, electronic conduction is mediated by a single spin species, offering enormous potential for spintronic devices. Here, using microscopic-area angle-resolved photoemission, we show that a spin-polarised two-dimensional hole gas is naturally realised in the polar magnetic semiconductor AgCrSe2 by an intrinsic self-doping at its CrSe2-terminated surface. Through comparison with first-principles calculations, we unveil a striking role of spin-orbit coupling for the surface hole gas, unlocked by both bulk and surface inversion symmetry breaking, suggesting routes for stabilising complex magnetic textures in the surface layer of AgCrSe2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]