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To investigate the effects of different moisture contents on the storability of lightly salted large yellow croaker at 4 ℃, changes in total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content, microbial community composition, taste and volatile organic compounds were analyzed during the storage period, and the correlation between microbial community composition and VOCs was examined. The results showed that the shelf-life of lightly salted large yellow croaker with moisture contents of 60%, 55%, and 50% was 27, 33, and 39 days, respectively. During storage, there were significant changes in the bacterial flora, with four specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) being dominant at the end of the shelf-life. In the samples with 60% moisture content, Hafnia alvei (61.22%) and Brochothrix thermosphacta (19.39%) were dominant. In the samples with 55% moisture content, H. alvei (31.13%), B. thermosphacta (29.25%), Carnobacterium divergens (17.92%) and Citrobacter freundii (16.98%) were dominant. C. freundii was not observed at the end of the shelf-life of lightly salted large yellow croaker with 50% moisture content, and H. alvei (43.96%) and B. thermosphacta (37.36%) were dominant, respectively.The electronic tongue results showed that the trend of response values was basically the same among the three groups of samples. A total of 29 VOCs were detected by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), including seven alcohols, six esters, four ketones, four aldehydes, three amines, two heterocycles, one olefin, one ether and one terpene. The fingerprinting results showed no significant difference in the composition of VOCs among the groups. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that H. alvei and B. thermosphacta were positively correlated with amines for all groups.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks the 3rd in cancer types globally. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to the initiation and progression of CRC. The current study plans to reveal the action of rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST) in CRC. The results show that RMST is downregulated in CRC specimens and cell lines relative to normal specimens and a fetal normal colon cell line (FHC), respectively. Elevation of RMST represses cell proliferation and colony formation and induces cell apoptosis in CRC cells. Bioinformatic analysis reveals a binding site in RMST for miR-27a-3p. The direct association between RMST and miR-27a-3p is confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay, and real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). miR-27a-3p is upregulated in CRC tumor specimens relative to normal specimens, and there is a negative correlation between RMST and miR-27a-3p in CRC tumor specimens. In addition, the effects of RMST overexpression are weakened by the elevation of miR-27a-3p. RMST and retinoid X receptor (RXRα) share the same complementary site with miR-27a-3p. The direct association between RXRα and miR-27a-3p is confirmed by RNA pull-down assay, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. Overexpression of RMST induces RXRα expression and inactivates the Wnt signaling pathway by decreasing β-catenin levels in CRC cells. Collectively, our findings reveal a pivotal role of RMST in regulating miR-27a-3p/RXRα axis and counteracting Wnt signaling pathway during the progression of CRC.

Pathological scars (PS), including hypertrophic scars (HTS) and keloids, are a common complication of poor wound healing that significantly affects patients' quality of life. Currently, there are several treatment options for PS, including surgery, drug therapy, radiation therapy, and biological therapy. However, these treatments still face major challenges such as low efficacy, high side effects, and a high risk of recurrence. Therefore, the search for safer and more effective treatments is particularly urgent. New materials often have less immune rejection, good histocompatibility, and can reduce secondary damage during treatment. New technology can also reduce the side effects of traditional treatments and the recurrence rate after treatment. Furthermore, derivative products of new materials and biomaterials can improve the therapeutic effect of new technologies on PS. Therefore, new technologies and innovative materials are considered better options for enhancing PS. This review concentrates on the use of two emerging technologies, microneedle (MN) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), and two novel materials, photosensitizers and exosomes (Exos), in the treatment of PS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the delay in adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is known to impact colon cancer outcomes, its effect on rectal cancer is less clear. This study aims to evaluate the influence of AC timing on survival in stage II and III rectal cancer. This retrospective multicenter study enrolled 1,144 patients receiving chemotherapy following resection of stage II–III rectal cancers. The effect of delayed AC on survival was assessed using multivariable Cox models with restricted cubic splines and logistic regression. Compared to patients initiating AC within four weeks postsurgery, those initiating within 5–8 weeks had a similar survival (HR=0.85, 95 % CI=0.66–1.11), whereas those initiating within 8–12 weeks (HR=1.62, 95 % CI=1.05–2.51) or beyond 12 weeks (HR=2.07, 95 % CI=1.21–3.56) had a significantly inferior survival. A delayed time to chemotherapy (>8 weeks) was associated with worse survival in patients aged ≥60 years but not in younger patients (<60 years: HR=1.36; 95 % CI=0.75–2.46, p=0.312; ≥60 years: HR=2.37; 95 % CI=1.56–3.60, p<0.001). Additionally, our exploratory analysis suggested that FOLFOX and FOLFIRI were more effective when starting within 5–8 weeks post-surgery, while CAPEOX and a single agent showed a slight advantage when starting within four weeks. Our findings advocate for initiating AC within eight weeks post-surgery in stage II–III rectal cancer, especially in older patients. Delayed treatment is linked to significantly worse survival outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Compliance with colonoscopy among elderly individuals participating in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs is unsatisfactory, despite a high detection rate of bowel‐related diseases. In this study, our aim was to analyze the impact of risk factors on the trends of compliance and detection rates in colonoscopy among high‐risk individuals aged 60–74. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the high‐risk individuals aged 60–74 participating in the 2021 CRC screening program in Tianjin, China. Logistic regression analyses, including both univariate and multivariate analyses, were performed to explore the impact of different risk factors on colonoscopy compliance among the high‐risk individuals. Besides, the study investigated the influence of various risk factors on the detection rates of bowel‐related diseases among the high‐risk individuals who underwent colonoscopy. Results: A total of 24,064 high‐risk individuals were included, and 5478 individuals received a free colonoscopy, with an overall compliance of 22.76%. Among them, the adenoma detection rate was 55.46%. Males and individuals with a positive FIT had high compliance and detection rates for CRC, advanced adenomas (AA), advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN), and colorectal neoplasm (CN). Individuals aged 70–74 were associated with low compliance but high CRC, ACN, and CN detection rates. Individuals who reported a history of chronic constipation, bloody mucous, and CRC in first‐degree relative showed high compliance but no significantwere associated with the detection rates of CRC, AA, and CN. Conclusion: This study reported several risk factors associated with the screening behaviors for CRC. Patterns and trends in CRC, AA, ACN, and CN compliance and detection rates correlate with risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in individuals under 50 is increasing worldwide. We conducted an analysis of colonoscopy findings in high‐risk individuals under 50 in the CRC screening program in Tianjin, China, to determine the detection rate and risk factors of advanced adenomas (AA), advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN), colorectal neoplasia (CN). Methods: Our study investigated individuals aged 40–49 who underwent CRC screening and completed colonoscopy, 2012–2020, while the 50–54 age group served as a control. We compared the detection rates of AA, ACN, and CN among three age groups using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, and investigated the risk factors associated with AA, ACN, and CN among individuals aged 40–49. Results: We found a gradual increase in the detection rate of AA, ACN, and CN among individuals aged 40–54. The detection rates for AA (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.41–0.81), ACN (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.43–0.77), and CN (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.56–0.74) were lower in individuals aged 40–44 compared to 45–49. The detection rates of AA (OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.87–1.34) and ACN (OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.93–1.35) in individuals aged 45–49 were comparable with 50–54. Besides, lifestyle factors, BMI, and FIT are not associated with the detection rates of AA, ACN, and CN among individuals aged 40–49. Conclusions: Our study reveals screening data in individuals under 50, indicating comparable detection rates of AA and ACN in individuals aged 45–49 and 50–54. These findings provide valuable data support for optimizing the optimal age to initiate screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-precision statistics on desertification of grassland features are an important part of grassland ecosystem research. The traditional manual survey is inefficient, and satellite remote sensing has very limited statistical precision, so high-spectral remote sensing by lowaltitude drones is preferable. Here, we report a hyperspectral remote-sensing system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We used the vegetation and soil of typical desertified grassland in Inner Mongolia as research objects to collect vis-NIR hyperspectral data on desertification using a deep belief network (DBN), 2D convolutional neural network (2D-CNN), and 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN). The results show that these typical deep learning models can effectively classify hyperspectral data on desertified grassland features. The highest classification accuracy was achieved by 3D-CNN, with an overall accuracy of 86.36%. This study enriches the spatial scale of remote sensing research on grassland desertification, and provides a basis for further high-precision statistics and inversion of remote sensing of grassland desertification., The term desertification was first proposed by the French scientist A. Aubreville in 1949. At the 1977 United Nations conference on desertification, it was defined as the decline or destruction [...]

Objective. This study aimed to explore the genes regulating lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to clarify their relationship with tumor immune cell infiltration and patient prognoses. Methods. The data sets of CRC patients were collected through the Cancer Gene Atlas database; the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with CRC lymph node metastasis were screened; a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed; the top 20 hub genes were selected; the Gene Ontology functions and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were enriched and analyzed. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression method was employed to further screen the characteristic genes associated with CRC lymph node metastasis in 20 hub genes, exploring the correlation between the characteristic genes and immune cell infiltration, conducting a univariate COX analysis on the characteristic genes, obtaining survival-related genes, constructing a risk score formula, conducting a Kaplan–Meier analysis based on the risk score formula, and performing a multivariate COX regression analysis on the clinical factors and risk scores. Results. A total of 62 DEGs associated with CRC lymph node metastasis were obtained. Among the 20 hub genes identified via PPI, only calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1 (CLCA1) expression was down-regulated in lymph node metastasis, and the rest were up-regulated. A total of nine characteristic genes associated with CRC lymph node metastasis (KIF1A, TMEM59L, CLCA1, COL9A3, GDF5, TUBB2B, STMN2, FOXN1, and SCN5A) were screened using the LASSO regression method. The nine characteristic genes were significantly related to different kinds of immune cell infiltration, from which three survival-related genes (TMEM59L, CLCA1, and TUBB2B) were screened. A multi-factor COX regression showed that the risk scores obtained from TMEM59L, CLCA1, and TUBB2B were independent prognostic factors. Immunohistochemical validation was performed in tissue samples from patients with rectal and colon cancer. Conclusion. TMEM59L, CLCA1, and TUBB2B were independent prognostic factors associated with lymphatic metastasis of CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluate the prognostic value of chemotherapy and other prognostic factors on overall survival among colon patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), and determine the optimum time to start chemotherapy after surgery. Data of 306 colon cancer patients with dMMR who received radical surgery were collected from three Chinese centers between August 2012 and January 2018. Overall survival (OS) was assessed with the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank. Cox regression analysis were used to assess influencing prognosis factors. The median follow-up time for all patients was 45.0 months (range, 1.0–100). There was a nonsignificant OS benefit from chemotherapy for patients with stage I and stage II disease, including high-risk stage II disease (log-rank p: 0.386, 0.779, 0.921), and a significant OS benefit for patients with stage III and stage IV disease for receiving post-operation chemotherapy (log-rank p = 0.002, 0.019). Stage III patients benefitted from chemotherapy regimens that contained oxaliplatin (log-rank p = 0.004), and Starting chemotherapy with oxaliplatin treatment earlier resulted in better outcomes (95% CI 0.013–0.857; p = 0.035). Chemotherapy regimens containing oxaliplatin can prolong the survival time of stage III and IV dMMR colon cancer patients. This beneficial manifestation was more pronounced after starting chemotherapy treatment early post operation. High risk stage II dMMR colon patients including T4N0M0 cannot benefit from chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated the electronic and magnetic properties of the tetragonal molybdenum phosphate MoOPO4 by means of first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory within the semilocal generalized gradient approximation that includes the Hubbard repulsion term to take into account the electronic correlations. Furthermore, the spin-orbit coupling is explored through noncollinear magnetic calculations. Our results demonstrated that the Néel ordering on the square lattice plane, experimentally observed, is indeed the magnetic ground state on condition that the effective electronic correlation correction is smaller than 2.0 eV. Otherwise, the ferromagnetic alignment is established. In addition, the out-of-plane ferromagnetic interaction is well reproduced. The computed exchange constants, extracted from the classical Heisenberg model, show that the modest antiferromagnetic in-plane nearest-neighbor coupling plays a decisive role in the stabilization of the Néel spin alignment, in conjunction with the remarkable ferromagnetic in-plane next nearest-neighbor interaction. Moreover, the sign and relative amplitude of the exchange coupling parameters is sensitive to the correlation strength we applied. The density of states and spin density analysis demonstrated that the exclusively occupied d x y orbital results in the pure S = 1/2 spin moment and negligible spin-orbit coupling, which is originated from the large displacement of Mo ions inside the MoO6 octahedra along the apical direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We would like to express our gratitude to Safari, Farzad, and Noursina, Ali, for their insightful comments about our article regarding the questionnaire procedure and the assessment of symptoms, including a history of chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, and mucous blood stools. This questionnaire has been included in national screening programs since 2007 and has been used in many cities in China.[[1], [3]] Since 2012, CRC screening in community allied third-grade class-A hospitals has been initiated in Tianjin City, China. As stated in the manuscript, only 39.41% of the screening population completed a colonoscopy within 1 month, so those with symptoms at the time of initial screening were advised to seek a definitive diagnosis promptly and were excluded from screening. [Extracted from the article]

The effect of ferrovanadium inoculation on the microstructure and properties of high speed steel (HSS) used for rolls was studied. The results showed that the as-cast eutectic carbide network tends to be broken after ferrovanadium inoculation, and the carbides are changed to rod-like or nodular shape. After heat treatment, the carbides in the inoculated HSS are spheroidized and distributed more uniformly in the matrix. The impact toughness of high speed steel with ferrovanadium inoculation is obviously improved. The action mechanism of ferrovanadium inoculation on the microstructure of the alloy is also discussed.

Objective. The aim of this study was to explore the potential biological mechanisms of coix seed in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on network pharmacology analysis. Methods. The active components of coix seed and their potential action targets were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). The disease targets related to CRC were obtained from the DisGeNET database. The intersection targets of the drug targets and disease targets were selected, and a component-target-disease network was built using Cytoscape 3.8.0 tool. A global network of the core target protein interactions was constructed using String database. Biological function analysis and pathway enrichment analysis of core targets were conducted to explore the potential. Results. A total of nine active components were obtained from the TCMSP database corresponding to 37 targets. Further analysis showed that 18 overlapping targets were associated with CRC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was conducted based on the 18 targets and 11 significantly enriched signaling pathways implicated in CRC were identified. Conclusion. The multicomponent and multitarget characteristics of coix seed are preliminarily verified, and the potential biological mechanisms of coix seed in the treatment of CRC are predicted, which provides a theoretical basis for the experimental research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have reported the prognostic value of p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) in numerous human tumors, but the conclusions have not been consistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis were performed to estimate the prognostic significance of PUMA in solid tumors. A search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and CNKI up to 21 July 2022. In total, 10 studies with 2,207 patients were included. We extracted the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) data. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were adopted for evaluating the association. Decreased PUMA expression was significantly associated with worse OS (HR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.38–0.78) and worse DFS (HR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.42–0.70). Subgroup analysis showed that the prognostic role of PUMA for OS was most significant in the digestive system (HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.38–0.69). Furthermore, the expression of PUMA was not affected by tumor differentiation or clinical stage, and TCGA dataset analysis confirmed these results. We proved that expression of PUMA may serve as an independent prognostic factor for patients with solid tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "pursuit of deep learning" is mentioned among the recent trends driving the key trends driving educational technology in schools. "Deep learning" is widely used as a term, and classroom teaching has begun to focus more and more on deep learning. The heuristic teaching method is gradually accepted and used by educators all over the world with its scientific teaching mode and novel teaching methods. In today's children's physical education classroom, the heuristic teaching method has achieved certain results and effects, but in the process of trying, there is still room for development and improvement. Based on the deep learning model, this research will improve the existing heuristic teaching methods, through the experimental research on children's physical education classroom, observe the data results obtained by the deep learning-based children's physical education heuristic teaching, and analyze according to the results, so as to achieve the effect of heuristic teaching. A multilabel classification model ALSTM-LSTM is proposed according to the algorithm adaptation method in the multi-label learning method. The experimental results obtained an accuracy of 95.1%, which is higher than other deep learning models, and also reached the best in the evaluation indicators of precision, recall, and F1 score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]