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Background: Depression post-myocardial infarction (MI) is becoming more prevalent. The gut-brain axis (GBA), influenced by the gut microbiota, is a critical component in understanding depression post-MI. Despite the well-established connection between gut microbiota and depression post-MI, this relationship remains incompletely understood. Methods and analysis: This protocol will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) 2020 statement. Beginning from inception to October 2023, a systematic search will be conducted across eight electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Clinical Trials Database, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Biomedical Literature Database. Pre-selected studies will be independently assessed by two researchers following a standard inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment protocol. The primary outcome measures are differences in the profile of gut microbiota and rating scale scores for depression. Fixed-effects models will be used when both clinical heterogeneity and statistical heterogeneity are low, otherwise random-effects models will be used. Furthermore, subgroup analyses will be conducted on the depression severity of the participants using the same psychiatric scales employed, study type and geographic region. Random forest plot runs and research-related statistical analyses will be carried out using Rev Man V.5.3 software. Expected results: This study will identify the association between the gut microbiota and the onset of depression post-MI, and provide evidence for the use of probiotics as an adjunctive treatment for depression post-MI. Trial registration: Prospero registration number:CRD42023444026. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the popularity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine and the development of vaccination strategies, the impact of COVID‐19 vaccine on cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is still unclear. In the systematic review and meta‐analysis of patients with ICIs, we assessed the serological response of cancer patients receiving COVID‐19 vaccine, and explored the risk of immune related adverse events (irAEs). We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library as of 10 June 2023, and included cancer patients who received ICIs and COVID‐19 vaccine. The systematic review and meta‐analysis include cohort study, cross‐sectional study and case report. The outcome included the serological response, Spike‐specific T‐cell response, irAEs and rare adverse events. When possible, the data were analysed by random effect analysis, and the statistical heterogeneity was assessed by Q‐test and I2 statistics. We explored the sources of heterogeneity through L'Abbe plots, Galbraith radial plots, and sensitivity analysis. The publication bias was evaluated by Egger's, Begg's linear regression test and funnel plot, and the impact of publication bias was further analysed by trim and fill method. 27 studies were eligible (19 cohort studies, 1 cross‐sectional study and 7 case reports), involving 8331 patients (with 4724 receiving ICIs). Most studies used mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA‐1273). Compared with cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, cancer patients receiving ICIs were significantly more likely to have seroconversion (RR = 1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.10, P = 0.02). There were no statistically significant differences in seroconversion rates when comparing cancer patients receiving ICIs with controls without cancer (RR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.89–1.01, P = 0.09) or with cancer patients receiving targeted therapy (RR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.79–1.39, P = 0.75). The incidence of irAEs in patients receiving ICIs before and after COVID‐19 vaccination was (21.96%, 95%CI 16.66%–28.94%) and (14.88%, 95%CI 8.65%–25.57%), respectively. The most common irAEs were endocrine abnormalities, skin disorders, etc. The certainty of evidence was low in cancer patients with ICIs, compared with those receiving chemotherapy, and very low versus controls without cancer. Cancer patients treated with ICIs seem to be able to receive COVID‐19 vaccine safely without increasing the incidence of irAEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an optimal scheduling method based on building virtual energy storage equivalent battery is proposed. Firstly, the thermal load prediction model is built based on the thermodynamic model, and then the equivalent battery model of virtual energy storage is established by combining with inverter air conditioning system model. Then, with the goal of minimizing the user’s electricity cost, considering the constraints of energy storage state and charging and discharging power of equivalent battery model, an optimal scheduling method of building virtual energy storage equivalent battery is constructed. The results show that the proposed method can predict the building thermal load, update the building virtual energy storage equivalent battery parameters, formulate the corresponding optimal scheduling strategy, and reduce the electricity cost of users for heating on the premise of ensuring the thermal comfort of users.

Background: With the increasing pressures of modern life and work, combined with a growing older population, the incidence of comorbid anxiety and myocardial infarction (MI) is increasing. Anxiety increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with MI and significantly affects their quality of life. However, there is an ongoing controversy regarding the pharmacological treatment of anxiety in patients with MI. The concomitant use of commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and antiplatelet medications such as aspirin and clopidogrel may increase the risk of bleeding. Conventional exercise-based rehabilitation therapies have shown limited success in alleviating anxiety symptoms. Fortunately, non-pharmacological therapies based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, such as acupuncture, massage, and qigong, have demonstrated promising efficacy in treating MI and comorbid anxiety. These therapies have been widely used in community and tertiary hospital settings in China to provide new treatment options for patients with anxiety and MI. However, current studies on non-pharmacological TCM-based therapies have predominantly featured small sample sizes. This study aims to comprehensively analyze and explore the effectiveness and safety of these therapies in treating anxiety in patients with MI. Method: We will systematically search six English and four Chinese databases by employing a pre-defined search strategy and adhering to the unique rules and regulations of each database to identify studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria, to qualify for inclusion, patients must be diagnosed with both MI and anxiety, and they must have undergone non-pharmacological TCM therapies, such as acupuncture, massage, or qigong, whereas the control group received standard treatments. The primary outcome measure will be alterations in anxiety scores, as assessed using anxiety scales, with secondary outcomes encompassing the evaluations of cardiopulmonary function and quality of life. We will utilize RevMan 5.3 to conduct a meta-analysis of the collected data, and subgroup analyses will be executed based on distinct types of non-pharmacological TCM therapies and outcome measures Results: A narrative summary and quantitative analysis of the existing evidence on the treatment of anxiety patients with MI using non-pharmacological therapies guided by Traditional Chinese Medicine theory. Conclusion: This systematic review will investigate whether non-pharmacological interventions guided by TCM theory are effective and safe for anxiety in patients with MI, and provide evidence-based support for their clinical application. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022378391 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were heated and stretched in a steam bath mixed with nitrogen in the early stage of stabilization. During this process, the flexible linear chain of PAN molecule was converted to a rigid ladder structure by intramolecular cyclization. The shrinkage tension along the fiber axis decreased during this heat treatment, because water molecules here acted as a plasticizer for stretching. Consequently, the preferred orientation of ladder molecules in the stabilized fibers was enhanced. As a result, the preferred orientation, crystallite dimensions, and mechanical properties of the resultant carbon fibers (CFs) and graphite fibers (GFs) were improved, comparing with the corresponding CFs and GFs without pretreatment in the steam bath. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 53:827-832, 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers, INTRODUCTION The preferred orientation of crystallites along the fiber axis is one of the most important structure parameters for carbon fibers (CFs). Higher preferred orientation usually gives rise to higher [...]

In order to solve the reactive power and voltage control problem caused by the high proportion of new energy connected to the power grid, this paper takes the minimum voltage deviation, minimum network loss and maximum dynamic reactive power margin of the whole system as the comprehensive optimization objectives and establishes a reactive power and voltage optimization model by considering the reactive power regulation ability of SVC (Static Var Compensator) and new energy units. In view of the continuous and discrete variables in the model, the traditional continuous FPA (Flower Pollination Algorithm) is discretized to form an improved continuous-discrete hybrid FPA, and the tournament selection mechanism is adopted to speed up the convergence. Through the example analysis of the IEEE-39 bus system, the feasibility of the proposed reactive power and voltage optimal control method in the new energy grid is verified. Compared with GA (Genetic Algorithm), the results show that the improved FPA has high optimization accuracy, which is suitable for solving the reactive power and voltage optimization problem of the new energy grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has achieved remarkable results in recent years. A large number of sensors and machinery are connected, and combined with the Internet, to achieve intelligent management and operation. However, the traditional centralized IoT data management solution inevitably encounters challenges of data trust, security, sustainability, and user privacy is difficult to guarantee. This paper takes the intelligent transportation sensor network as an example and proposes a blockchain-based Internet of Vehicles (IoV) data secure sharing scheme (called IoVChain), which implements automatic registration, rapid authentication, and reliable sharing method of IoV data through smart contract. The smart contract performs homomorphic encryption and zero-knowledge proof processing on the sensitive part of the data, and this part exists in the form of ciphertext on the blockchain. We adopt PBFT consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of the entire network ledger, and all the IoV data processing and usage procedure is stored in the Merkle-tree-based block, which cannot be tampered with. Compared with the centralized IoV data management solution, the IoVChain scheme avoids the risk of single point of failure, and keeps the IoV data credible, available, and tamper-resistant under the premise of privacy and security, so that the data can be traced when needed. We have implemented the IoVChain scheme based on the consortium blockchain for trusted and secure sharing of IoV data. Finally, analysis and evaluation show that the proposed IoVChain scheme is feasible, safe, and extensible for the secure sharing of IoV data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an efficient method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrazines and diarylamines in aqueous ethanol using Anderson-type polyoxomolybdate-based iron(III) as a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. A series of azo compounds and tetraarylhydrazines were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The reaction conditions and substrate scopes are complementary or superior to those of more established protocols. In addition, the catalyst shows good stability and reusability in water. The preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that a radical process is involved in the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were stabilized continuously through a series of temperature zones, and the stabilized PAN fibers (SFs) taken out from different zones were irradiated with γ-ray, finally, some of the irradiated SFs were carbonized continuously. Structure changes of the SFs and mechanical properties of the derived carbon fibers were investigated. It is found that γ-ray not only could destroy the nitrile crosslinking bonds and form nitrile groups again in slight SFs, but could make more crosslinked structure including ether crosslinking and carbon-carbon crosslinking in slight and deep SFs, which improved thermal stability of the SFs and tensile strength of the carbon fibers. The irradiation also induced cyclization in short sequence in slight SFs, however, such a cyclization structure didn't significantly improve thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The effects of tension on the crystalline structure and cyclization of polyacrylonitrile fibers during stabilization were investigated. The degree of cyclization was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The crystalline structure was characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction. When the fibers were heat-treated at temperatures between 175 and 218°C, the tension mainly affected the cyclization in the amorphous regions through changes in the spatial distance of the chain segments; this led to a relatively higher cyclization degree under moderate tension. When the temperatures ranged from 226 to 232°C, the reactions extended to the crystalline regions. The chemical bonds became greater in the cross section of the fibers, and this was caused by cyclization structures formed in the former stage. Therefore, the optimum tension was higher than in the prior temperature range. At higher temperatures ranging from 238 to 270°C, a crosslinked structure formed, so the optimum tension increased continually. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42182. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gamma ray irradiation on PAN fibers did bring some benefits for the successive stabilization, however, it is still unclear about the structure of crosslinked bonds, effects of atmosphere and chain scission as well as initiation of cyclization. In this work, PAN fiber as well as a PAN solution was irradiated under different atmospheres. The structure of crosslinked bonds, molecular weights and thermal reactivity were analyzed. It is discovered that gamma ray irradiation on PAN brought chains crosslinking and scission as long as cyclization. The large amount of crosslinked bonds were discovered to be –C N–N C–, while oxygen inhibited nitriles crosslinking. The crosslinking structure rather than remained radicals initiated cyclization during thermal treatment, which was broken and reproduced polyimine radicals at higher temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities, which is closely related to the prognosis of a variety of diseases. Patients with both CHD and depression have a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and worse outcome. TyG index may be able to predict the adverse prognosis of this special population., Methods: The retrospective cohort study involved 596 patients with both CHD and depression between June 2013 and December 2023. The primary outcome endpoint was the occurrence of MACCE, including all-cause death, stroke, MI and emergent coronary revascularization. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to assess the correlation between TyG index and MACCE risk of in patients with CHD complicated with depression., Results: With a median follow-up of 31 (15-62) months, MACCE occurred in 281(47.15%) patients. The area under the ROC curve of TyG index predicting the risk of MACCE was 0.765(0.726-0.804) ( P <0.01). Patients in the high TyG index group(69.73%) had a significantly higher risk of developing MACCE than those in the low TyG index group(23.63%) ( P <0.01). The multifactorial RCS model showed a nonlinear correlation (nonlinear P <0.01, overall P <0.01), with a critical value of 8.80 for the TyG index to predict the occurrence of MACCE. The TyG index was able to further improve the predictive accuracy of MACCE., Conclusions: TyG index is a potential predictor of the risk of MACCE in patients with CHD complicated with depression., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhao, Wang, Chen, Ding, Hou, Gui, Liu, Li, Liu, Sun and Zhao.)