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In recent years, organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite (PVK) devices have attracted widespread attention with their high absorption coefficient and low-cost fabrication process. Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been reported to obtain high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) due to the narrow bandgap. Zinc oxide (ZnO) has better electrical conductivity and high transmittance than tin (IV) dioxide (SnO2). However, the deprotonation behavior of ZnO limits its use in formamidinium (FA) or methylammonium (MA) devices, so it is mostly used in all-inorganic PSCs. In this work, to avoid the deprotonation behavior of ZnO, we prepared FAPbI3 PSCs using ZnO/SnO2 as bilayer electron transporting layers (ETLs), which improved the conductivity of the ETLs and promoted electron extraction and transfer. In addition, the decrease in the oxygen vacancy (Ov) on the bilayer ETLs contributed to the suppression of the non-radiative recombination of the device, thus enabling the achievement of a higher fill factor. As a result, the modified ETLs increased the PCE of FAPbI3 PSCs from 20.24% to 21.42% and improved the stability of the devices. The PCE of unpackaged devices increased steadily to 21.91% when stored in an N2 atmosphere for 183 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in targeted covalent inhibitors (TCIs) have been made by using lysine‐reactive chemistries. Few aminophiles possessing balanced reactivity/stability for the development of cell‐active TCIs are however available. We report herein lysine‐reactive activity‐based probes (ABPs; 2–14) based on the chemistry of aryl fluorosulfates (ArOSO2F) capable of global reactivity profiling of the catalytic lysine in human kinome from mammalian cells. We concurrently developed reversible covalent ABPs (15/16) by installing salicylaldehydes (SA) onto a promiscuous kinase‐binding scaffold. The stability and amine reactivity of these probes exhibited a broad range of tunability. X‐ray crystallography and mass spectrometry (MS) confirmed the successful covalent engagement between ArOSO2F on 9 and the catalytic lysine of SRC kinase. Chemoproteomic studies enabled the profiling of >300 endogenous kinases, thus providing a global landscape of ligandable catalytic lysines of the kinome. By further introducing these aminophiles into VX‐680 (a noncovalent inhibitor of AURKA kinase), we generated novel lysine‐reactive TCIs that exhibited excellent in vitro potency and reasonable cellular activities with prolonged residence time. Our work serves as a general guide for the development of lysine‐reactive ArOSO2F‐based TCIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excellent morphology and low harmful defect states of the absorber layer are essential to fabricate the high‐performance Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe) devices. Herein, the annealing time of precursor films in air is proved to have much impact on the quality of absorber layer and the performance of devices. Appropriately extending the air‐annealing time can promote the diffusion of Na into films and O absorption on the surface of precursor films, boost the growth of crystal grain, and lessen the harmful defect density and band‐tailing states of absorber. The appropriate extension of air‐annealing time also regulates the electrical properties of the absorber. The efficiency of CZTSSe devices is enhanced from 6.92% (1 min) to 10.1% (7 min), with the decreased VOC, Def. These enhanced properties demonstrate that regulating the air‐annealing time of precursor films can be a simple and direct way for improving the performance of CZTSSe devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, the isothermal and continuous cooling transformation mechanisms of prior austenite and its relationship to fracture behavior of high‐strength medium‐Mn steel are studied. Furthermore, the precipitation behavior of cementite is also analyzed. The results indicate that the short rod‐like cementite forms in the martensite matrix during the air‐cooling process, the solubility difference of supersaturated elements provides a driving force for the element diffusion. Accordingly, it is proved that no isothermal transformation of prior austenite occurs during the 360 °C × 7 days isothermal treatment. The lath‐like microstructure is the martensite, which is produced during the subsequent continuous cooling process. The prior austenite is "divided" by the preferential martensite (transformed via heterogeneous nucleation), and the interfaces between preferential martensite and untransformed austenite provide nucleation sites for the subsequent martensite. The introduction of initial martensite before the isothermal treatment leads to the reversible brittleness of medium‐Mn steel. The fracture strength decreases with the increase of the initial martensitic fraction and isothermal time. The grain boundary binding force of prior austenite grains (PAGs) increases in the experimental steels subjected to annealing, and the plastic deformation of the martensite matrix is prior to grain boundary cracking, which inhibits the intergranular brittle fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we report a salicylaldehyde-based, reversible covalent inhibitor (A2) that possesses moderate cellular activity against AURKA with a prolonged residence time and shows significant non-covalent inhibition towards LRRK2. Our results indicated that this multitarget kinase inhibitor may be used as the starting point for future development of more potent, selective and dual-targeting covalent kinase inhibitors against AURKA and LRRK2 for mitophagy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST‐PSCs) are highly promising for application in building‐integrating photovoltaics (BIPVs) due to their potential in tunable transparency and color. However, the comprehensive performance of ST‐PSCs falls quite short of the ideal requirements for BIPV. Herein, more attention is to review how to balance transparency and power conversion efficiency for ST‐PSCs. Optimizing transparent electrodes and the active layers are interesting strategies to achieve the transparency required by devices. In addition, to obtain color ST‐PSCs, tuning the bandgap of perovskite layers and designing the optical structure of the electrode are effective strategies. Last but not least, three significant optical evaluation indexes of ST‐PSCs are described in the supporting information: average visible transmittance, color rendering index, and light utilization efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]