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Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMØs) can act as innate-immune sentinels to protect body against microbe invaders and stimulating materials such as cholesterol crystals in cholesteatoma, as well as to preserve tissue integrity by cleaning unwanted cellular debris. TRMØs in the incised middle ear tissues were obtained from the patients with cholesteatoma as an experimental group and the patients without cholesteatoma as a control group. Differential gene expression profiling of TRMØs was conducted between two groups by analyzing GO processes, KEGG and GSEA pathways of inflammation, tissue repair and homeostasis. The current study showed that 145 of 7060 genes were significantly up-regulated (logFC>2 and FDR <0.05) when compared with the patients without cholesteatoma. GO process, GSEA and Cytoscape analysis of the over-expressed genes illustrated the boosted inflammatory and anti-infection functions of TRMØs existed neutrophil function, leukocyte migration, and adaptive immune response involved receptors and signaling pathways. Whereas the homeostasis and repair functions of TRMØs were affected from up-regulated genes, such as over-expressed keratin-13 that helped form the outer keratinising squamous epithelial layer, and over-expressed MMPs that activated the extracellular matrix molecules to promote inflammation and disturb tissue remodeling. Additionally, 74 down-regulated genes (logFC<-2 and FDR <0.05) also affected the homeostasis and repair functions by affecting extracelluar matrix structure and contractile fibres in TRMØs. The cellular and molecular levels in cholesteatoma is attributable to chronic infection and several disturbed cellular biological processes involving cell integrity and tissue remodeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation and partial laryngectomy in the treatment of early glottis carcinoma., Methods: Clinical data of 80 patients with early glottis carcinoma treated in our hospital from June 2019 to January 2021 were analyzed. Patients were retrospectively divided into two groups based on the type of intervention. Forty patients received partial laryngectomy (Control group) and 40 patients received low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation (Observation group). Surgical indexes, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, and visual analog scale (VAS) score of postoperative pain of patients in the two groups were compared. Postoperative stress response indexes, clinical efficacy, and postoperative recovery in two groups were compared and analyzed., Result: The operation time, hospital stay, intraoperative bleeding, and the incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the Control group ( P <0.05). The postoperative pain VAS scores, Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05), while the level of nitro tyrosine (3-NT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly higher than that in the control group ( P <0.05). After a one-year follow-up, the excellent and good rate of pronunciation function in the observation group (95%) was significantly higher than control group (75%) ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of early glottis carcinoma is associated with less trauma, short operation time, less bleeding, short hospital stay and low postoperative stress reaction rate. Compared with partial laryngectomy, it has higher safety and better postoperative vocal cord function recovery., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: None., (Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.)