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p-Coumaric acid is derived from cinnamic acid and is one of the major compounds in the Brazilian green propolis extract. Studies have shown that both p-coumaric acid and cinnamic acid have promising antiproliferative effects. In this context, aiming to increase the complexity of these active natural products and their activities, we performed coupling reactions with propargylamine and benzylamine, as well as with threonine, phenylalanine and lysine amino acids, aiming to enhance their antiproliferative effects towards the hormone-dependent breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Overall, the p-coumaric acid coupling with L-threonine amino acid (compound 15) had the best selectivity index (SI = 5.1), with half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 39.6 ± 1 µM, showing a high selectivity against hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and low cytotoxicity against the normal breast cell lines MCF-10A. Thus, this new natural product derivative may represent a prototype for the future development of antiproliferative agents, especially against hormone-dependent breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lean is applied in automobile companies to reduce lead time and waste through value stream mapping. Industry 4.0 is a process of industrial systems revolution in companies driven by digitalization and data-oriented techniques. The combination of both is called Lean 4.0. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to attend Ultra-Light Steel Auto-body (ULSAB) automotive requirements through Lean 4.0 framework applied in the fabrication of B-pillar by hot stamping. Optimization algorithms are important to simulate different scenarios and interact with these processes. The proposal was developed in the case study by assessments based on semi-structured questionnaires, analysis of records and documents. The findings showed overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) was increased by 41.5%. The contribution of this work was to meet ULSAB automotive requirements for hot stamping process by reducing vehicle weight while increasing structural strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The literature discussing musculoskeletal diseases of inner northeastern workers is scarce, although 67,559 cases were reported in Brazil between 2007 and 2016. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple risk factors that influence the symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in wrists, elbows, and shoulders in workers from four different economic sectors. METHODS: A sample included 420 workers from the inner regions of the Brazilian states of Alagoas and Bahia. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to capture pain symptoms on both sides of the body (left and right). Sociodemographic variables, items from the biomechanical exposure and organizational conditional, in addition to other questionnaires (JCQ, COPSOQ II, ERI) were used to assess the characteristics and occupational risks of the respondents. Ordinal logistic regression model was using to identify the relationship between symptoms and factors. RESULTS: This study highlights the psychosocial, biomechanical, occupational, and sociodemographic variables contributed to development of WMSDs. Use of hand-vibrating tool increased the likelihood of symptoms manifesting on the body. On the other hand, high job control and high job insecurity reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. On the other hand, high job control and job satisfaction reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. Factors such as age, curved spine, high job insecurity and excessive commitment contributed to the development of WMSDs only on one side of the body. CONCLUSIONS: The development of WMSDs is multifactorial. Sociodemographic, occupational, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors may commonly contribute to WMSD manifesting only on one side of the body more than on both sides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper lays emphasis on a proposal of a tailor-made roadmap that manages the knowledge related to automation skills to be applied during the concurrent engineering phase. The approach of this Research and Development (R&D) roadmap is a particular guideline in a structured form that uses the concepts of Plan-Do–Check–Act (PDCA) method integrated to other quality tools and know-how in robotization, for management of this specific knowledge. This research work aims to guide the staff (project managers, engineers and technicians) who work multidisciplinary in concurrent engineering environment about the robot's implementation steps and significant tips related to the deployment phases that can be beneficial when this proposed roadmap is applied. Also, it was developed to assist the robot's installation and their validation on shop floor, aiming the best class of industrial processes regarding the automation. The main contribution and novelty of this paper is to propose a R&D roadmap that drives and assists the multidisciplinary work teams since the identification of robotization opportunities till the assurance of quality requirements established for the concerned process, in addition to a continuous improvement program to carry it on. Besides that, this work provides a high relevance in terms of knowledge management related to robotization expertise, spread of practical skills in concurrent engineering context and an unprecedented innovative contribution at science frontier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manufacturing companies strive for ever-increasing competitiveness through productivity and quality. This goal can be achieved through the implementation of lean manufacturing and six sigma methodologies. Lean manufacturing adds value by reducing waste, while six sigma eliminates variability. In this context, this article proposes a new framework within Lean Six Sigma circumstances. The framework was proposed by means of an exhaustive literature review which identified the positive points of other Lean Six Sigma frameworks available on literature. The framework was applied to a case study, and the assessments were based on semi-structured questionnaires and analysis of records and documents. The implementation was carried out in a manufacturing company in Brazil, which belongs to an American-based multinational. In the case study described herein, the manufacturing company established the proposed framework to support the combination of lean manufacturing and six sigma and introduced an enterprise-wide culture of project through the proposed Lean Six Sigma framework, which resulted in significant benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study describes a strategy for teaching and learning technical drawing, by enhancing students' skills in spatial perception. This strategy was proposed by means of literature review, which identified the strengths and weaknesses of technical drawing concepts up to date. This study allowed to construct a framework in which contains a general guide to address this strategy. It is a method in which students play an active role, initially manually sketching and on the drawing board before proceeding to the computer. The manual drawing was supported by origami systems, and Piaget's pedagogy to understand the space-plane relationship. From another point of view, it was used the problem-based learning on the drawing by computer to draw components that were drawn by hand. The research was conducted over two years in the course of industrial engineering. Purposive sampling was used to select 32 students participating in this research. The principal findings of this research concern the evolutionary learning of the orthogonal projections that enable students to draw objects in the plane that they first saw in the space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes an adaptability index system for product development to enhance engineering system management. The index system takes into account the need to reduce the time required to market new products. The adaptability index is defined by the relationship between the time to develop a current product and the time to develop a subsequent (next) one, so that the recommended index will be useful when a new product with shorter execution times than those of the previous one is introduced into the product design and manufacturing process. Implementing an adaptability system’s parameters are derived from responsiveness, competitiveness, engineering, and marketing activities as reflected in adaptability indices. The study’s methodology is case study through questionnaires, interviews, and records. The authors recommend increasing adaptability by reducing complexity through computer-integrated manufacturing, standardization, and others methodologies. The significant outcome based on the case study is the assessment that is enabled by the proposed adaptability index. This index will guide engineering companies in the selection of the most relevant development processes, protocols, production tools, and procedures aimed at reducing the time-to-market required to generate new products, thus allowing it to meet market demand, increase product diversification, and reduce product lifetimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to present management techniques in the healthcare sector through lean office. Design/methodology/approach -- A case study approach is adopted, with data collected in the Brazilian military organization. Findings -- The findings identify several ways to apply lean concepts outside manufacturing. From this, a future lean office health state design will be proposed. Research limitations/implications -- The lean office health proposal has to be tested in other organizations to confirm this case study. While this may limit the generalization of the findings, there is value in demonstrating the benefits modern lean office techniques can bring to the developing world healthcare. Practical implications -- The paper shows that lean office health techniques can provide benefits to healthcare in developing countries' hospitals and others. Originality/value -- The value of the paper arises from providing a detailed analysis of a healthcare lean office in the developing world. There have been only a small number of other studies published in the literature about lean office health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

p -Coumaric acid is derived from cinnamic acid and is one of the major compounds in the Brazilian green propolis extract. Studies have shown that both p -coumaric acid and cinnamic acid have promising antiproliferative effects. In this context, aiming to increase the complexity of these active natural products and their activities, we performed coupling reactions with propargylamine and benzylamine, as well as with threonine, phenylalanine and lysine amino acids, aiming to enhance their antiproliferative effects towards the hormone-dependent breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Overall, the p -coumaric acid coupling with L -threonine amino acid (compound 15 ) had the best selectivity index (SI = 5.1), with half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 39.6  ±  1 μM, showing a high selectivity against hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and low cytotoxicity against the normal breast cell lines MCF-10A. Thus, this new natural product derivative may represent a prototype for the future development of antiproliferative agents, especially against hormone-dependent breast cancer.

This is an analysis of the risk of schistosomiasis transmission in the city of Recife in the Northeast of Brazil based on the number of schistosomiasis cases (Schistosoma mansoni) registered for the period 2007-2017 together with data resulting from active search of breeding sites of the Biomphalaria snail intermediate host. The analyses were performed using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), SaTScan and Map Algebra methodology using human socio-demographic data and biotic and abiotic data from the snail breeding sites. Investigating 44 breeding sites resulted in a total of 3.800 snails, 31.8% of which were positive for S. mansoni DNA. These data were considered in relation to total of 652 schistosomiasis cases. The KDE showed two high-risk and two medium-risk clusters, while three significant clusters were identified by SaTScan. Combining these data with the Map Algebra methodology showed that all high-risk neighbourhoods had breeding sites with snails positive for S. mansoni. It was concluded that schistosomiasis transmission cannot be controlled without basic sanitation and sewage management in the presence of Biomphalaria snails. The technique of Map Algebra was found to be fundamental for the analysis and demonstration of areas with a high probability of schistosomiasis transmission.