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This article presents a new reading that completes the text of an already published inscription. This new reading has important new information regarding the family relationships, the onomastic study and the chronology of the monument.

The koina of pre-Roman Asia Minor, comprising several major organisations along its western and southern coasts like the koina of Athena Ilias, the Lesbians, the Ionians, the Chrysaorians, and the Lykians, present a collection of federal states less well understood than better documented koina in mainland Greece. This paper highlights the regional characteristics of these Anatolian koina by examining their monetary and political economies. It first suggests that federalising behaviour in Hellenistic western Asia Minor tended to be centred on regional sanctuaries and festivals, and less involved in the formation of cohesive political institutions through federal law-making or military mobilisation. This also had the effect that they present the impression of being monetarily ‘light’, as is explained in the second section, because they were not by and large fiscally cohesive, or had close oversight of monetary supply, with the notable exception of the Lykian league – taxation was not hugely intrusive or extensive, and little federal coinage was produced. The last two sections consider this ‘lightness’ as a function of the regional specificities of political and economic power in the region, suggesting that koina functioned parasitically as organisations ensconced between imperial states and civic communities, both reflecting and shaping the dominant role in the region of these two types of polity in the Hellenistic period.

Urartians ruled over the regions mainly around three lakes of Van, Sevan and Urmia from about 9th to 7th centuries BC and several metal artefacts are discovered less in situ in the Urartian sites. Among them are bronze discs which are slightly convex or convex in the middle. There is a newly found convex in the middle disc of Argišti I from Qala Dağı, Kiqal Varzaqan, Iran which is similar to the disc in Tabriz Museum also from Varzaqan in the inscription and to the disc in Van Museum in the form. There also is a hieroglyphic sign over the disc which was common on the other discs. The epigraphy of the cuneiform inscription on the mentioned disc was used widely in the Urartian kingdom since Minua’s reign until Sarduri II’s. It is the aim of this paper to introduce this newly discovered artifact and to review the function and forms of the discs which could be used as horse harness or buttons of the armors or clothing. Additionally, the authors try to compare the discs of Argišti I in the epigraphy and form. The authors recognized that the epigraphy of Minua’s reign to Sarduri II’s were also used on the discs inscribed with the name of King Išpuini, Minua’s father, and Inušpua, Minua’s son who never ruled. Therefore, it is possible that the newly found disc is not inscribed during Argišti I’s reign but his son Sarduri’s but as most of the discovered discs bear the name of Argišti it is possible that there was a mass production of the discs during his reign and was brought to Eastern Azerbaijan Province after his reign.

Roma ve Bizans İmparatorlukları döneminde önemli bir yerleşim alanı durumundaki İnegöl yöresi, Osmanlı Beyliğinin kuruluşuna da ev sahipliği yapmıştır. İnegöl ve çevresi Türklerin eline geçtikten sonra mevcut yapılara yenileri eklenmiş, imar ve inşa faaliyetlerine büyük bir hız ve önem verilmiştir. Ancak yörenin deprem kuşağında yer alması, 1. Dünya Savaşı ve ardından yaşanan Yunan İşgali gibi çeşitli sebepler pek çok yapının tahrip olmasına ya da bütünüyle ortadan kalkmasına neden olmuştur. Bunun yanında ilk inşası Devlet-i Aliyye’nin kuruluş yıllarına uzanan pek çok yapı da çeşitli onarımlarla bazen de bütünüyle yenilenerek günümüze ulaşabilmiştir. Bu çalışmada İnegöl’de Türk döneminde inşa edilen yapılara ait kitabelerin tespitinin ve tanıtımının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Yapıların kimlik belgesi durumundaki kitabeler üzerinden yapılacak olan bir değerlendirme, yapıların doğru şekilde tarihlendirilmesi, işlevlerinin belirlenmesi, bani (yaptıran) ve usta isimlerinin tespit edilmesi gibi pek çok farklı amaca hizmet edecektir. Çalışmada yörede tespit edilen 15 kitabe ele alınacaktır. Söz konusu kitabeler bütüncül olarak değerlendirildiğinde İnegöl’ün mimari, tarih ve sanat özelliklerinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacak epigrafik bilgilere ulaşabilmek mümkündür. Bu yayında İnegöl yöresinde tespit edilen yapı kitabeleri malzeme-teknik, yazı tipi ve dili, içerik ve süsleme özellikleri gibi farklı açılardan ele alınarak, değerlendirilecektir.

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One inscribed tombstone was placed at Appa station on the Ottoman Railway line from İzmir to Dinar. The inscription was published by three different copyists in the course of eleven years. Each person who transcribed the inscription, Georg Weber, William Mitchell Ramsay and Georges Cousin, made no acknowledgement of each other. Moreover, each transcription and reconstruction differed from the other in more lines than the number of lines in which they were in agreement; the provenance for the stone was credited to different locations and the minimal description of the form of the stone left considerable doubt as to the tombstone’s design. No sketch or photograph was provided. The names on the epitaph have been harnessed by the Lexicon of Greek Personal Names to a site (Sanaos) to which none of the three published editions actually tied the inscription. The dispute may have been left unresolved, but for a photograph taken by Gertrude Bell in 1907. She never published it, but, for her, it was the fitting compensation for a failed visit to the site of Colossae. By careful enhancement of the photograph and close study of its contents, the three disputed elements — the form of the tombstone, its original location and the wording of the inscription — can be resolved to a high degree of probability. The restored inscription becomes particularly valuable for a name that may connect with one of the (in)famous features of Colossian religious life — the worship of angels.

The article deals with the grave inscription of the two brothers Eubulion and Demetrios, sons of Theopompos, written on a small stele from Imperial times. As is obvious at first glance, the inscription has been heavily tampered with: While the lines 6–14 show a consistent type face, the lines 1–5 diverge significantly and have partially been written on an erased surface. Furthermore, the lines 15–16 are clearly secondary and appear as a non-professional addendum altogether. A revision of the inscription’s squeeze made possible a reconstruction of most of the erased parts in lines 4–5, revealing that the grave monument was, in fact, not meant for two, but for four brothers, two of which have been scratched off. After an epigraphic analysis and the reconstruction of the erased parts in ll.4–6 (section I), the article deals with the following topics: Section II addresses the secondary text in ll.1–6 and delivers a detailed analysis of the verb διαφέρειν „belong to“ (g. „gehören“, fr. „appartenir à“) in Imperial grave texts from Asia Minor, showing that the term typically appears in cases where an already established grave monument comes into the hands of new owners. Section III deals with the beginning of the original text and discusses the implications of the erasure of two brothers (and their respective wives, children and grandchildren) from a family grave monument.

This article offers a critical account of a Carian word traditionally assumed to refer to the tomb or to one of its parts. Based on recent philological improvements, on a detailed analysis of the relevant inscriptions as well as on the combinatory method it will be argued in this paper that in fact we are dealing with three different words. One of them indeed refers to the tomb, but the other two are a verb and an appurtenance adjective based on a Lycian toponym.

Review of: Peter Herrmann, Kleinasien im Spiegel epigraphischer Zeugnisse. Ausge­wählte Kleine Schriften. Herausgegeben von Wolfgang Blümel, Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter GmbH 2016 (ISBN 978-3-11-048965-1, [229 Euro], e-ISBN [PDF] 978-3-11-049595-9, e-ISBN [EaPUB] 978-3-11-049286-6 [149,95 Euro]).

Based upon the recent discussions concerning the construction chronology of the monumental fountain building (nymphaeum) at Side, this contribution makes some suggestions concerning the other possible meaning(s) of the verb of "κατασκευάζειν", which is not infrequently attested in building inscriptions. To this end, a total of nine case studies sourced from different regions and over a wide time-span, from the Hellenistic to the Late Antique Period, were assembled and interpreted. Two of these examples are recorded from mainland Greece, i.e. the theatre building at Delphoi and an unidentifiable building at Athens. The other documents concern the Laodike fountain at Teos mentioned in the inscription of Antiochus III, the Pataran road monument (Monumentum Patarense), the governor edicts enacted for the protection and upkeep of the Aristion aqueduct at Ephesos, the donations of Opramoas of Rhodiapolis in the aftermath of the severe earthquake in Lycia in 141 A.D. (regarding in particular the bath-houses), the inscription of hydreion of Menandros at Ephesos and lastly the Neronic/Vespasianic bath from Patara. By scrutinizing all of the above evidence, this article maintains that the initial construction phase of those buildings whose inscriptions carry the verb of "κατασκευάζειν", may not provide the exact date when the inscription was carved, contrary to what is widely believed in current scholarship. It is thereby emphasized that the verb of "κατασκευάζειν", synonymous occasionally with "ἐπισκευάζειν", is not limited in its meaning "to construct", but rather, it has a wide range of meanings, such as: to reconstruct, to repair, to renovate or even to enlarge the buildings. It is therefore proposed that the dating of the constructions, if they are made relying only upon the epigraphic evidence (i.e. upon the presence of the verb of "κατασκευάζειν"), may result in faulty interpretations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Di dalam kenyataannya perkembangan penelitian Arkeologi di Indonesia tidak sejalan dengan pengetahuan dan persepsi masyarakat luas tentang bidang ilmu itu. Di satu pihak penelitian menunjukkan perkembangan yang sangat pesat, sedangkan di pihak lain masyarakat selalu menganggap bahwa kawasan kajian arkeologi terbatas pada area dan candi, atau belakangan terbatas tengkorak dan fosil. Hal ini disebabkan antara lain oleh terbatasnya publikasi ilmiah yang dapat dinikmati oleh masyarakat luas, kalaupun tersedia distribusinya sangat terbatas. Sebab lain terutama adalah kurangnya minat dan perhatian masyarakat terhadap bidang arkeologi khususnya dan bidang kebudayaan pada umumnya yang dianggap tidak dapat secara langsung memberikan keuntungan material.

Minat mengkaji prasasti sebagai sumber sejarah di Indonesia sudah mulai tertanam sejak awal abad XIX yang lalu. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan terbitnya buku The History of Java pada tahun 1817. Pengarangnya, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, gubernur jendral lnggris yang menyisihkan dua bab bukunya untuk membahas dan mengklasifikasikan beberapa prasasti, baik berbahasa Jawa Kuna maupun Sanskerta. Waiaupun kajian Raffles belum dapat disebut ilmiah, tetapi setidaknya ia telah mencoba memberi makna pada tinggalan bertutis yang ia ketahui. Boleh dikata, Raffles-lah yang pertama kali memanfaatkan tinggalan bertulis itu untuk meraka-reka sejarah tanah Jawa.

Dalam rangka purna-bhakti saya sebagai petugas epigrafi dari Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta, saya akan meninjau secara sekilas beberapa temuan prasasti baru di Kalimantan, Sumbawa, Sumatra dan Jawa. Namun demikian perlu saya jelaskan bahwa dua buah temuan di antaranya, yaItu di Kalimantan, sudah lama ditemukan dan diteliti oleh para ahli, tetapi sampai sekarang pun belum juga tuntas. Temuan itu sebetulnya cukup banyak, tetapi pada kesempatan dan waktu yang baik ini (subha diwasa), saya hanya akan mengulas sebagian temuan tersebut secara singkat.