4 results on '"experimento controlado"'
Search Results
2. Projectile Point Reworking: An Experimental Study of Arrowpoint Use Life.
- Author
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Loendorf, Chris, Rogers, Thatcher, Oliver, Theodore J., Huttick, Brian R., Denoyer, Allen, and Woodson, M. Kyle
- Subjects
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ARROWHEADS , *PROJECTILE points , *PROJECTILE point analysis , *PERFORMANCE , *RAW materials - Abstract
This article summarizes the results of controlled experiments in which flaked-stone points that varied in impact strength by a factor of almost three were shot at media that were increasingly inelastic and therefore likely to break the points. Broken tips were reworked if possible, and used again under the same conditions. Our results show that all damage to low impact-strength materials, especially obsidian, was generally catastrophic, and, consequently, these points could only rarely be reworked. The fact that low-strength stones were commonly used to make small arrowpoints suggests that reworking was not a primary concern for their designers. Furthermore, in those instances when broken tips could be reworked, their performance declined. In addition, reworking broken points also resulted in shapes that are uncommon in many arrowpoint assemblages. Our results suggest that the original design attributes of arrowpoints may have been less affected by reworking, and, consequently, may more accurately suggest temporal and behavioral associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Evaluating the Graph-based Visualization Technique: A Controlled Experiment
- Author
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Germán Oswaldo Cárdenas and Jairo Aponte
- Subjects
visualización de software ,experimento controlado ,controlled experiment ,lcsh:T ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,software comprehension ,comprensión de software ,software visualization ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,lcsh:Technology ,software visualization, controlled experiment, software comprehension - Abstract
Many researchers have highlighted the scarcity of empirical studies that systematically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the use of visualization techniques for software understanding activities. Such studies are crucial for gathering and analyzing objective and quantifiable evidence about the usefulness of proposed visualization techniques and tools, and ultimately, for guiding the research in software visualization. This paper presents a controlled experiment aimed at assessing the impact of a graph-based visualization technique on comprehension tasks. Six common comprehension tasks were performed by 20 undergraduate software engineering students. The completion time and the accuracy of the participants’ responses were measured. The results indicate that on one hand the use of the graph-based visualization increases the correctness (by 21.45% in average) but on the other hand it does not reduce the completion time in program comprehension tasks., Muchos investigadores han señalado la falta de estudios empíricos que sistemáticamente examinen las ventajas y desventajas del uso de técnicas de visualización para soportar la comprensión del software. Estos estudios son indispensables para recolectar y analizar evidencia objetiva y cuantificable acerca de la utilidad de las técnicas de visualización y herramientas propuestas, y más aún, para servir como guía de la investigación en visualización de software. En este estudio, 6 tareas típicas de comprensión de software fueron realizadas por 20 estudiantes de un curso de ingeniería de software. Se midió el tiempo de respuesta y se calificó la exactitud en las respuestas de los participantes. Los resultados indican que, por una parte, el uso de la técnica de visualización basada en grafos mejoró la exactitud en las respuestas de los estudiantes (21.45% en promedio); por otra parte, no se encontró evidencia significativa de reducción en el tiempo gastado por los estudiantes para resolver las tareas de comprensión de software.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. GO2S: a systematic process to derive the behavior of contextsensitive systems from requirements models
- Author
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VILELA, Jéssyka Flavyanne Ferreira and CASTRO, Jaelson Freire Brelaz de
- Subjects
Experimento Controlado ,Comportamento ,Statecharts ,Modelo de objetivos ,Sistemas sensíveis a contexto ,Derivação - Abstract
FACEPE Context: Context-sensitive systems use context in order to adapt to the user’s current needs or requirements failure. Therefore, they need to dynamically adapt their behavior. It is of paramount importance to specify and analyze the intended behavior of these systems before they are fully implemented. The behavioral specification can be used for requirements validation in order to verify if these systems will be able to achieve their goals. Moreover, the reasoning about properties of these systems, such as deadlocks, reachability, completeness and correctness of the system, can be supported. Therefore, the dynamic behavior of the context-sensitive systems requires an approach to specify it from their requirements. Objective: In this work, we propose the GOals to Statecharts (GO2S) process to systematically derive the behavior of context-sensitive systems, expressed as statecharts, from requirements models, described as goal models. The process takes into consideration the impact of non-functional requirements of these systems through their operationalization and prioritization of alternatives to be used at runtime (variants). Method: The research presented in this dissertation followed the engineering approach to define the GO2S (GOals to Statecharts) process and its suitability was empirically evaluated. Results: The GO2S process addresses the specification of the tasks required for monitoring of the requirements satisfaction as well as the system adaptation according to the context, the operationalization of non-functional requirements and prioritization of variants. This is an iterative process centered on the incremental refinement of a goal model, obtaining different views of the system (design, contextual, behavioral). Furthermore, we conducted a controlled experiment to evaluate the statecharts produced following the GO2S (experimental group) in relation to the ones elaborated by not using it (control group). Conclusions: The experiment results show that the structural complexity of the statecharts of the group that used the GO2S approach was lower in relation to the control group. Moreover, the average of functionalities whose behavior was modeled according to the specification and the time spent to produce the models of the experimental group were higher in relation to the control group. Besides, the subjects agreed that the GO2S process is easy to use. Contexto: Sistemas sensíveis ao contexto utilizam contexto com o intuito de se adaptar as necessidades atuais dos usuários ou falha de requisitos. Portanto, eles necessitam adaptar seu comportamento dinamicamente. É de suma importância especificar e analisar o comportamento desejado desses sistemas antes de serem totalmente implementados. A especificação do comportamento pode ser utilizada para validação dos requisitos de forma a verificar se estes sistemas serão capazes de alcançar os seus objetivos. Além disso, o raciocínio sobre propriedades desses sistemas, tais como deadlocks, alcançabilidade, completude e corretude do sistema, pode ser apoiado. Portanto, o comportamento dinâmico dos sistemas sensíveis ao contexto exige uma abordagem para sua especificação a partir de seus requisitos. Objetivo: Nesse trabalho é proposto o processo GO2S (Goals to Statecharts) para derivar sistematicamente o comportamento de sistemas sensíveis a contexto, expresso em statecharts, a partir de modelos de requisitos, descritos em modelo de objetivos. O processo considera o impacto dos requisitos não-funcionais desses sistemas através da sua operacionalização e priorização de alternativas a serem utilizadas em tempo de execução (variantes). Método: A pesquisa apresentada nessa dissertação seguiu a abordagem de engenharia para definir o processo GO2S e sua adequabilidade foi avaliada empiricamente. Resultados: O processo GO2S aborda a especificação das tarefas necessárias para o monitoramento da satisfação dos requisitos bem como a adaptação do sistema de acordo com o contexto, a operacionalização dos requisitos não-funcionais e priorização de variantes. Este é um processo iterativo centrado no refinamento incremental de um modelo de objetivo, obtendo diferentes visões do sistema (design, contextual, comportamental). Além disso, foi realizado um experimento controlado para avaliar os statecharts produzidos seguindo o GO2S (grupo experimental) com aqueles elaborados sem utilizá-lo (grupo de controle). Conclusões: Os resultados do experimento mostraram que a complexidade estrutural dos statecharts do grupo que usou a abordagem GO2S foi inferior ao grupo de controle. Além disso, a média do número de funcionalidades cujo comportamento foi modelado de acordo com a especificação e o tempo gasto para produzir os modelos do grupo experimental foram maiores em relação ao grupo de controle. Finalmente, os participantes concordaram que o processo GO2S é fácil de usar.
- Published
- 2015
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