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This paper explores public perceptions of the Hippocratic Oath (Physician's Oath) in the U.K. Results of a questionnaire administered online to 106 adults indicated that the majority were of the opinion that their primary and secondary health care doctors had taken the Oath (88% and 86% respectively). A majority thought that nurses, paramedics, psychotherapists and graduate scientists and researchers should also take some form of professional oath. Elements of the Oath which were deemed most important included that it is a sworn oath, that doctors should not harm patients, act in the best interests of patients, abide by the principles of autonomy and informed consent and maintain patient confidentiality. A significant proportion - about 20% - of the UK public felt that doctors had forgotten their Hippocratic Oath during COVID-19 lockdowns and associated vaccination programme, suggesting that recent history may have damaged the public faith in the medical profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the increasing burden of dementia, there has been no evaluation of the level of dementia knowledge among the general public in Turkiye. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the public's knowledge regarding dementia and the factors predicting this knowledge. This is a community‐based cross‐sectional study. A survey was conducted with 1106 participants between April and August 2023. The research tools were demographic characteristics form, a Turkish version of the dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS‐T), and a form focusing on sociodemographic information and questions related to the degree of dementia knowledge. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression. The mean score on the DKAS‐T was 12.32 ± 6.05 (min: 0 points, max: 33 points) out of 34. The sample recorded an incorrect response for less than half of the items in the dementia knowledge scale. Adjusted R2 was used as explanatory power. Moreover, the results of the multiple regression analysis identified various factors that significantly predicted dementia knowledge scores: age, prior education about dementia, experience of caring for a PwD, interaction with a PwD, and self‐reported risk of being diagnosed with dementia in the future. These variables accounted for 18.1% of the total variance of dementia knowledge. Dementia is not well known in the public. The finding underscores the need for targeted educational initiatives to enhance dementia knowledge in the Turkish population. Interventions should focus on addressing specific areas of deficiency identified in the DKAS‐T. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Digital journalism is well established in Portugal. However, the Portuguese public tend to opt for traditional media websites over those of a digital native nature. This research will confirm whether the reason for the national success of the former type of media is that their websites offer more participation mechanisms for the publics. Methods: Based on a qualitative methodology, an ad hoc methodological instrument was designed that allows for the evaluation of the ways in which audiences can interact with brands and content. Results and discussion: The results are highly surprising, since it is not possible to verify any type of relationship between preferred media and the number of audience participation mechanisms. Experts on a Delphi panel attribute media selection to the audiences' interest in the stories covered and to the trust placed in the media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pregnancy-Induced Hypertensive Disorders (PIHD) include conditions like Pre-Eclampsia, Eclampsia, and Gestational Hypertension, impacting 5–10% of pregnancies globally. These disorders are responsible for 16% of maternal deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa and account for 16.9% of maternal mortality in Ethiopia, representing 10% of the country's total maternal deaths. Objective: To identify predictors of PIHD among pregnant and delivery women in public hospitals and primary health care units (health centers) in Sidama, Ethiopia. Methods: A multi-center unmatched case–control study was conducted on women in antenatal care and obstetrics/gynecology departments at 12 randomly selected public health institutions, including one specialized teaching hospital, two general hospitals, three primary hospitals, and six health centers. The study involved 920 women (230 cases and 690 controls) selected from December 2023 to February 2024. Cases included pregnant or delivery women at 20 + weeks gestation with PIHD such as pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. Controls were normotensive pregnant women or delivering mothers without PIHD after 20 weeks gestation. Data was manually verified, entered, and validated using Epidata software, followed by analysis with SPSS 22. Univariate analysis assessed predictors of PIHD, while binary logistic regression evaluated the relationships between factors. Model fitness was checked using collinearity assessments and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test, with variables having a P value < 0.05 deemed independent predictors. Results: Out of 920 planned participants, 686 were included, resulting in a response rate of 94.35%. Factors associated with PIHD in women included age at first conception (AOR = 1.26), mid (AOR = 6.05) and high (AOR = 5.01) wealth index levels, multigravidity (AOR = 4.34), pregnancy age ≥ 42 weeks (AOR = 3.65), maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) (AOR = 1.29), hemoglobin levels of 6.5–10.9 g/dL (AOR = 5.59), pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/M2 (AOR = 0.81), preexisting hypertension (AOR = 8.97), family history of diabetes mellitus (AOR = 20.02), former alcohol consumption (AOR = 0.27), and total physical activity during pregnancy (AOR = 0.54). Conclusions: The study identifies key predictors of PIHD in women, including age at conception, wealth index, multigravidity, gestational age, and pre-pregnancy BMI. It underscores the link between socioeconomic status and maternal health, highlighting that financial resources alone don't ensure better outcomes without educational access. The research advocates for a health intervention strategy focusing on socioeconomic factors and public health initiatives to reduce maternal health disparities while exploring the role of partner stability and psychosocial aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diagnostic tests carry significant risks, and communications are needed to help lay people consider these. The development of communications has been hindered by poor knowledge about how lay people understand and negotiate testing risks. We examined lay Australians' perceptions of diagnostic testing risks and how these risks are managed. Method: We completed 12 semistructured online focus groups with 61 Australian adults (18+) between April and June 2022. Participants were divided into younger/older (> 50 years) and male/female groups. Using semistructured discussion and exploring two hypothetical scenarios, we examined attitudes to diagnostic tests, their risks and how test risks were managed. Themes were identified, subanalysed to identify age and gender differences and mapped to the COM‐B model of behaviour change. Results: The six themes provided detailed accounts of how participants considered themselves able, empowered and assertive when negotiating testing risks and of complex ways in which relationships with health workers, personal experiences and structural factors influenced negotiating testing risks. COM‐B identified multiple opportunities for leveraging these lay beliefs in health promotion. It also identified barriers, including narrow concepts of testing risks, challenges during shared decision‐making and overestimation of personal influence on testing decisions. Significance: Our findings matter because they are a novel, detailed account of testing risk beliefs, linked to a model for behaviour change. This will directly inform development of test risk/benefit communications, which are a research priority. Public Contribution: The study design enabled participants to influence the discussion agenda, and they could comment on the analysis. Participants contributed insights about their needs, beliefs and experiences related to medical testing, and these will be used to shape future patient‐centred decision tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine the content of Instagram posts about oral cancer and assess its usefulness in promoting oral cancer awareness and early detection practices. Methods: A systematic search of Instagram for posts about oral (mouth) cancer was conducted using the hashtags #oral cancer and #mouth cancer. Posts usefulness in promoting awareness and early detection was assessed using the early detection usefulness score, and caption readability was assessed using the Flesch Kincaid readability score. Results: A total of 81,000 posts were identified, and 200 posts were thoroughly evaluated. Included posts gathered a total of 48,118 (mean = 420.59 likes) and 27,898 views. Most posts (81.5%) were educational to the lay person, and India and the UK were the major contributors. The most discussed topics were prevention and early detection (55%). Representative clinical images were present in 35.5% of posts. Only 9.5% of posts mentioned the source of information, and the mean usefulness score was only 2.1 out of 10. The mean reading ease score was 56.7 ± 43.8 (range from 1 to 98 out of 100). Conclusion: Instagram shows potential for promoting oral cancer awareness, particularly in prevention and early detection. However, concerns regarding content quality, scientific validity, and clarity persist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In debates about the role(s) and scale of entrepreneurial philanthropy in democracies, scholars discuss the erosion of distinctive public and private spheres and interests, and the replacement of the public sphere. This has occurred at the expense of public deliberation and participation, in favor of the reification of individuals and the role of experts/expertise. Drawing upon John Dewey's The Public and Its Problems (1927/2016), I argue that there is an eclipse of the publicity of the public. This informs my case for the (re)conceptualization of philanthropy as a public, characterized by (a) the philanthropist as a social rather than an atomistic being, (b) the philanthropy-state dynamic and the publics' claims, and (c) part of the radical vision of philanthropy. To ensure that private and public have analytical and practical resonance, it is imperative to (re)frame and (re)conceptualize what these concepts mean to entrepreneurial philanthropy and for its role in democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aims Background Design and Methods Results Conclusions Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Patient or Public Contribution To explore (a) the associations between individual social responsibility and the public intention to use violence against nurses; and (b) the relationship between individual social responsibility, personal variables and the public's intention to employ violence against nurses.Workplace violence against nurses is a significant widespread occupational health issue. To date, no reference has been found to the association between personality traits such as individual social responsibility and the public's intention to use violence against nurses.A cross‐sectional survey design with a convenience sample of 667 Israeli participants from among the public. A structured self‐report questionnaire was distributed, including socioeconomic variables, individual social responsibility and responses to four vignettes describing incidents of violence directed at nurses. Multiple linear regressions were calculated for intention to employ violence, with demographic variables and individual social responsibility as independent variables. The STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was used for reporting.Negative correlations were found between individual social responsibility and the intention to employ violence against nurses. Gender, having witnessed physical violence and individual social responsibility explained 19% of the variance in the intention to employ violence against nurses. Demographic variables and having witnessed verbal or physical violence were found to moderate the association between individual social responsibility and the intention to employ violence against nurses.Witnessing a violent incident in a healthcare setting is a risk factor for the intention to employ violence against nurses. Our findings point to the role of individual social responsibility as one of the strategies to help reduce violent events.Educating and promoting values of social responsibility among the public can reduce incidents of violence in healthcare settings, thus contributing to the safety and quality of care provided.The public contributed via study participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Previous research and public polls demonstrate the public has varying levels of support for Defund the Police (DTP). However, much of these results assess how individuals feel about DTP rather than how they define it. Additionally, the literature fails to consider the role of these definitions and framing in individuals' assessments of DTP. Using both qualitative and quantitative methodology, the current studies assess the following research questions: (1) How do individuals define DTP and to what extent do individuals support it? and (2) Does framing DTP as either redirecting police funds or eliminating police impact level of support? Method: Participants in both Study 1 (N = 93) and Study 2 (N = 494) were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk. Study 1 used a nonexperimental design, in which participants provided their definition of DTP and reported their level of support for DTP. Study 2 used a two-group experimental design in which participants were randomly assigned to one of two frames for DTP garnered from Study 1: redirect funds or eliminate police. Subsequently, participants reported their DTP support, DTP definition, familiarity with DTP, political orientation, and alignment with the frame presented. Results: In the absence of a frame (Study 1), more participants opposed DTP than supported DTP. Participants also reported several different definitions of DTP, including decreasing police funds, redirecting police funds to social services, and eliminating police altogether. Notably, how an individual defined DTP was associated with level of support (e.g., defining DTP as redirecting funds was associated with greater support for DTP, compared to this theme being absent in participant definitions). When using the redirect theme and eliminate theme as experimental frames (Study 2), a causal relationship was found between the framing manipulation and support of DTP (i.e., the redirect frame led to greater support than the eliminate theme). Conclusion: The findings from the current studies shed light on how individuals conceptualize DTP, and most importantly, they provide evidence that differential framing can impact support for DTP in the general population. These results have implications for police reform advocates in that the words used to describe DTP can have an impact on public buy-in of policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has long been debated as to whether higher education (HE) is a site of social mobility that promotes meritocracy or social reproduction that creates and exacerbates inequalities in societies. In this paper, I will argue that HE, even when democratised and provided free to everyone, reproduces inequalities unless coupled with an inclusive sectoral design, an expansion of funding, and a wider strategy to reduce socio-economic inequalities. To do so, I studied the case of Syria, which has always claimed to have a meritocratic HE system that is designed to achieve equality in society by providing free HE for all since the 1970s. I analysed the database of the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) for 15 academic years from 2001 to 2015. This database included data on students' access and graduation rate divided by the type of education (public, private, higher institutes, and technical institutes), level of education (undergraduate and postgraduate), gender (male and female), city, faculty, and specialisations. This analysis unpacked four types of inequalities, namely education type-based inequalities, specialisation-based inequalities, city-based inequalities, and gender-based inequalities. Finally, I show how gender dynamics and roles are changing in the HE sector as a result of the Syrian conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines ideas on the public (公) and the private (私) among Joseon scholars of the 18th century, with a particular focus on Seongho Yi Ik (1681–1763). Yi Ik understood the private as the state one personally feels and experiences and the public as the state one shares and sympathizes with others. The private acquires universality when one rejoices together in what pleases others and hates what others dislike. Although he did not believe all diverse desires and emotions experienced at the private level to be inherently universal and public in nature, he argued that the understanding of the moral foundations of the public could not be detached from the consideration for innate human desires and common emotions. Yi Ik recognized the public value not only of the special emotions known as the four sprouts (四端), but also of general emotions known as the seven emotions (七情), if they were expressed with situational appropriateness through empathy with others. Seongho saw human nature as having empathy for others and an aspiration for coexistence, and understood the social realization of these natural tendencies as the public (公). Thus, the public was understood primarily as stemming from spontaneous human nature and emotions, rather than being enforced through institutional or legal coercion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1960, Jung lamented psychology's limited impact on global fate. Although Fordham tried to reassure him that Jungians were promoting his work, Jung was looking from the other end of the telescope, seeing the need to rescue humanity from its one‐sidedness that would ultimately lead to nuclear conflict. Astronomical evidence, such as the Fermi paradox, echoes Jung's concerns about likely self‐destruction. Rather than promoting Jungian ideas to interested groups, the imperative lies in identifying crucial messages for global survival and engaging the public in them. Science provides some useful lessons because its concerted efforts over centuries led to the gradual integration of scientific thinking into the public psyche. These lessons suggest that, to cross the border from the Jungian to wider public domain, compromises are necessary, such as simplifying messages and making engagement enchanting and practical. Analytical psychology's task goes beyond one individual, group, or even generation, and a debate is needed to begin to form a consensus on the way ahead. Some initial suggestions are made for adopting terminology the public can relate to, focusing on the transcendent function as the main vehicle to overcome one‐sidedness and conflict, and using figures like Nelson Mandela to demonstrate practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores public responses to UK government communication of COVID-19, focusing on public solidarity as a crucial part of an effective pandemic response. Drawing on focus group research with members of the public, we identify three limitations in the way solidarity was communicated by government. What solidarity meant and entailed was not always (1) clear and understandable, (2) adequately justified to all, or (3) demonstrated by the actions of political leaders themselves. In conclusion, we consider the implications of our analysis for how the communication of solidarity could have been improved. Beyond any specific communicative shortcomings, communicating solidarity was always bound to be difficult. What solidarity meant and entailed in the context of the pandemic was never normatively self-evident, especially given the different values and interests at stake. Given this, we suggest that a more deliberative-democratic approach to solidarity would have been both normatively desirable and more likely to be effective in sustaining solidarity. But the need for this approach reveals an underlying systemic weakness in the political-communication environment: the lack of adequate opportunities for those called upon to show solidarity to reflect on, contest, and shape its meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to dissect and enhance the tripartite collaborative governance mechanisms among polluting enterprises, the public, and government regulatory bodies within the scope of China's recent healthcare reforms. Through the lens of an evolutionary game model, this research seeks to understand the strategic evolutionary equilibrium among these actors and evaluate the impact of various incentives and penalties on their decision-making processes. Utilizing an evolutionary game model from a bounded rationality perspective, it investigates the strategic evolutionary equilibrium among the stakeholders and the influence of various factors on their strategic evolution. A critical equilibrium point E5(1,1,0) was identified, where enterprises adopt clean production strategies, the public engages in environmental governance, and the government exercises lenient regulatory strategies. Empirical analysis employing real-world data further substantiates the theoretical findings, showcasing how governmental bodies can drive clean production measures among polluting enterprises through economic incentives or penalties. The study outlines pivotal measures for achieving collaborative ecological governance in the Pearl River Delta region, such as establishing an information sharing platform, augmenting government regulation and enforcement, encouraging clean production in enterprises, enhancing public participation, and bolstering support for technological innovation. These measures could promote continuous environmental amelioration and sustainable development in the region. The findings offer both theoretical and practical insights for multifaceted environmental governance in China, illuminating the nuanced interplay among governmental bodies, industries, and the public in enhancing environmental standards and healthcare reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a standard methodology for measuring and evaluating the availability and affordability of selected medicines in the healthcare system, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Aim: To investigate availability, affordability and accessibility of medicines in the Islamic Republic of Iran in 2021 and compare the results with those from 2019. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the availability and affordability of 60 selected medicines in Islamic Republic of Iran. Availability and affordability were measured using the WHO/Health Action International methodology. Results: The availability rates for originator brands in the public, private and other sectors were 6.4%, 8.6% and 6.8%, respectively. In contrast, availability rates for lowest-priced and most-sold generics were 44.7% and 63.6% in the public sector, 45.4% and 66.4% in the private sector, and 39.6% and 58.6% in other sectors. Only 20.0% of originator brands in the Islamic Republic of Iran were affordable, while 96.6% of the lowest priced and 95.0% of the most sold generics were affordable. Conclusion: Most medicines in the Islamic Republic of Iran were affordable and the pharmaceutical supply chain was acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial introduces a collection of articles exploring themes of care, ethics and public engagement in theatre and performance. Drawing on Rebecca Tadman's positioning of care as a practical and strategic response to systemic inequalities, the editorial frames the featured articles as examinations of how care and ethics operate across diverse academic, national and cultural settings. The pieces discuss topics such as witnessing in refugee theatre, gender performance in Nigerian theatre, bodily resistance in theatrical activism, emotional labour strategies for actors and the cultural genesis of children's musicals in Ukraine. The editorial highlights how these works consider the relationship between private experience and public discourse, and the implications for how we think about the ethics of theatre and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the notion of a 'morally equipped' childhood and adolescence, and how such a notion can help us get a fresh perspective on the relation between young people's participation and empowerment, and the formation of personal and the collective moral repertoires of modern society. Utilising a mixed-methods approach inspired by the sociology of conventions (SC) and the sociology of regimes of engagement (SRE), we analyse letters to the editor of the Norwegian children's newspaper Aftenposten Junior, to investigate the formats of children's generalised moral arguments. We demonstrate that our informants exhibit a broad moral sensibility in the letters we have analysed, particularly showing keen engagement with issues related to civic rights. We discuss the young participants' expressions in the light of convention theory. We make a case for how becoming 'morally equipped' could be understood as being able to engage, challenge, and articulate the tensions and negotiations between personal formats of daily experiences and interactions, and collective formats, such as public expressions, throughout childhood and adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Analytical Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims: This study aimed to analyse the evolution of the public image of nursing in the context of the constantly developing nursing profession. Design: The Rodger's evolving concept analysis was applied. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases were searched for articles published between 1 January 2001, and 30 April 2022, using the search terms; "NURS * AND image". The selected literature was screened using Rodgers' evolutionary method to explore the attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept. Results: The defining attributes were identified as nursing (nursing as the collective object), public (public as the collective subject) and information (the medium of interaction between the collective subject and the collective object). Nursing elements were classified into intrinsic elements (professional spirit, professional knowledge and professional skills) and extrinsic (appearance, language and behaviour) elements. Public elements were further subcategorized into public categories (internal organizational public and external organizational public) and public perceptions (cognition, emotion and behavioural intention). The information elements are mainly classified as information generation, dissemination, identification, processing and judgement. The antecedents and consequences of the public perception of nursing were also identified. Conclusions: The public image of nursing is dynamic and has evolved over time. Its dynamism and malleability imply that the traditional public image of nursing can be improved through targeted interventions in nursing practice, management and education. Implications for the Profession: Identifying the antecedents and consequences associated with the public image of nursing will help the healthcare organizations adopt effective strategies to alleviate the shortage of the nursing workforce and promote the development of the nursing profession. No Patient or Public Contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to explore career choices, challenges and prospects amongst SSIII students in Comprehensive Secondary School Ntoedino, Methodist Secondary School Ntodang and FIDA Secondary School, Ntonguno, all in Obot Akara Local Government Area. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The study population comprised of students from the above named school. A sample size of 150 students was gotten through simple random sampling technique, and data were analysed using simple percentage. Findings from the study revealed that, right career choice is influenced by role models like teachers, parents, educators and guardians as 86% of the study respondents attested to this. It was also deduced that, the child alone, without the adult's guidance/counseling cannot make the right career choice. On the effect of resources/finances on right career choice, 90% being majority agreed to the assertion that most of the poor parents who send their children to public schools, have no proper orientation and are unable to educate their children properly on right career choice; and so, majority accepted the fact that, poverty affects right career choice/course of study. From the analysis it was concluded that, there were a lot of lapses with regards to proper choice of career/course of study by students in senior classes in public schools. However, the study recommended that, proper orientation/sensitization must be done by families, teachers, educators, role models, exposed friends, counselors, parents and relatives. Even at that, children should be given free hands to make their choices based on innate potentialities and not imposing courses of study/career on them. Moreover, to help students from poor background, examination like NECO, WAEC, JAMB should be made free to students in public schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper explores public perceptions of the Hippocratic Oath (Physician’s Oath) in the U.K. Results of a questionnaire administered online to 106 adults indicated that the majority were of the opinion that their primary and secondary health care doctors had taken the Oath (88% and 86% respectively). A majority thought that nurses, paramedics, psychotherapists and graduate scientists and researchers should also take some form of professional oath. Elements of the Oath which were deemed most important included that it is a sworn oath, that doctors should not harm patients, act in the best interests of patients, abide by the principles of autonomy and informed consent and maintain patient confidentiality. A significant proportion - about 20% - of the UK public felt that doctors had forgotten their Hippocratic Oath during COVID-19 lockdowns and associated vaccination programme, suggesting that recent history may have damaged the public faith in the medical profession.

Purpose – The purpose of the present study is to identify the core cultural aspects perceived by the executives of public, private and foreign banks in India. Design/methodology/approach – Of the 124 responses, 96 usable responses were assessed from middle and lower level managers. Qualitative content analysis and deconstruction method were used to identify the perceived cultural aspects. Findings – Interestingly, managers of Indian banking industry stated that cultural aspects of their banks possess good work and working environment, prefer people, management, experience and promotions in comparison to other factors like policy, bonus, market, commitment, project, etc. It is also noted that cultural aspects of banks prefer learning, training and team working. Practical implications – Assessment of the perception of managers toward their culture will foster the banks to develop integral subculture and to achieve the long-term organizational goals. Originality/value – The study analyze the cultural aspects in Indian banking industry qualitatively, based on executives characteristics. This qualitative analysis helps to find out more contemporary and prevailing factors of banks.

In the present work examines the problem of ecology and the relevance of the formation of a new form of public ecological consciousness. The work uses methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization. Information is provided on the problem of water pollution in the Khabarovsk Territory. The article describes the activities of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Khabarovsk Territory on the formation of an environmentally responsible consciousness of the population when involving it in eco-volunteer activities, provides data on other ongoing events and their information support. An overview of the quantitative indicators of the campaign «Water of Russia» for five years in the Khabarovsk Territory is made. According to the authors, the annual increase in the number of eco-volunteers in the Khabarovsk Territory suggests that holding environmental actions effectively affects the formation of environmental awareness of the public. It was noted that the implementation of environmental programs in the field of education, science and business will help to respond to environmental challenges in modern society. The authors believe that systematic and systematic work is needed to form an ecological culture and consciousness of the population. Such work is feasible in educational events, promotional campaigns and PR projects with the support of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Khabarovsk Territory.

The article is based on the transcript of the discussion on the work of the popular illustrated magazine Sovetsky Ekran (The Soviet Screen) and the materials of the issues of 1957 and 1958. This array of texts and illustrative materials has not been previously studied and analysed in the humanities, which determines the substantial novelty of the research. The relevance of this topic is due to the need to comprehend the Soviet experience of periodicals on cinema associated with a wide range of authors — journalists, film critics, historians, and film theorists. The purpose of the article is to identify the sentiment of the meeting participants on the ideological discourse and their professional circle. The author compares the discussions with the specifics of articles and photo reports on the pages of Sovetsky Ekran, traces the development of behavioural patterns and rhetorical formulas during the meeting, and puts the issues under discussion in the context of the development of criticism, film studies, attitudes to cinematography as the ‘auteur’ film aesthetics and the entertaining, ‘light’ formats. This allows us to analyse the trends of self-positioning of film industry professionals, film critics, and film historians and to see the complexity of their relationship with the ideological system. The author notes the combination of Thaw tendencies with the speakers, their appeal to the concept of friendship, the desire to defend the interests of film professionals and the interests and values of wide circles of intelligentsia. Symbolism is associated with digressions from the official agenda of the meeting. The speeches regularly feature memories of the 1920s and the references to the topic of foreign countries and foreign cinema life. There is an obvious interest in turning the magazine into a platform for professional film studies. Conclusions are drawn about the underlying reluctance to discuss cinema and magazine business from the standpoint of ideology, about the desire of the intelligentsia to strengthen their cultural influence, and about the cinematographers’ rejection of the need to satisfy mass tastes through light, entertaining magazine materials.

Human societies face many challenges for which scientific knowledge is essential to gain a broader and in depth understanding of the problems and possible solutions and alternatives. However, fake news, anti-science claims and misinformation unbalance much-needed public debates on socio-scientific issues. Conversely, failure to convey a clear and transparent message about science can also contribute to the emergence or growth of controversies. There is no simple solution to such a complex problem, but the introduction of collaborative and participatory approaches to research, as a way of involving the public in the production of scientific knowledge, can be a powerful strategy for promoting trust in science, while integrating a critical view on research work. We recently proposed a new concept, engaged citizen social science, which aims to provide a theoretical framework for deeper engagement of citizens with science. This concept is being tested in a HE funded project that integrates social sciences and humanities in the development of a new biosensor technology. Biotechnology is a hot topic in socio-scientific debates, involving issues such as control, risks, access to data, democratisation of science or governance. By engaging in structured conversations with different publics, we are mapping these and other cultural and social perceptions, exploring dimensions of representation (ideas and cultural meanings about the technology) and identity (who the public is considering knowledge, proximity to the technology, and scientific information consumption). The results of these social dialogues influence the project’s research agenda and the production of the communication outputs, thus also having the potential to influence scientific policies in this area. Here we present the preliminary results of this mapping and discuss our findings in relation to our dialogical strategy.

This article investigates public attitudes towards government surveillance for law enforcement and national security in different European countries, considering the broader context of citizens' security concerns. These concerns encompass crime within individual countries, potential terrorist attacks, activities of foreign agents, and even inter-state conflicts, such as the Russian Federation's military aggression against Ukraine. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme, we examine opinions about various types of government surveillance. Regression analysis is employed to determine which variables influence these opinions. Notably, there is a tangible hesitation among citizens regarding such surveillance, stemming from fears of privacy invasion and potential misuse of collected data. Our findings indicate greater support for government surveillance in Western and Nordic countries compared to post-Communist countries. Respondents with a comprehensive understanding of political issues and those advocating for government spending on security generally held a more positive view of government surveillance rights. On the other hand, perceptions of higher corruption were linked to negative views on surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adapted from the first novel by Raymond Chandler’s Italian translator Attilio Veraldi, The Payoff (La mazzetta, 1978) is a relatively unusual attempt at hybridization between crime (mainly hard-boiled) fiction and comedy, made at a time when Italian cinema industry was drastically changing. My paper starts off with an analysis of the film’s adaptation strategies, then moves on to focusing in particular on the peculiar way the city of Naples appears in the film and on its implications for the private/public dichotomy explored by the film as well as by Chandler’s novels. Thereby, and by referring briefly (in order to better frame The Payoff historically) to Neapolitan Mystery (Giallo Napoletano, 1979), directed by Corbucci in the wake of The Payoff’s success, I will try to identify the film’s oblique relation to crime genre, and particularly to the hard-boiled genre Veraldi had tried to replicate in Neapolitan territory.

The effectiveness of law enforcement in ensuring and restoring public order and security has evolved significantly over time, influenced by multiple factors, including technological innovations, legislative changes, professional training and international cooperation. This aspect is particularly important in the context of sporting events, which gather a large number of participants and potential risks. The purpose of this article is to increase the efficiency and remediation of the operative actions of law enforcement during public and sports events. The results of the mathematical modeling showed that the time of the actions of the forces to ensure public order for exceptional situations is 2.73 times higher than the standard ones according to the existing techniques and 2.68 times – in the case of applying the proposed techniques. The total time of the actions of the forces to ensure public order is 38% lower in the case of the application of the proposed techniques compared to the existing onesTimpul acțiunilor forțelor la restabilirea ordinii publice pentru situații excepționale este mai mare decât celor standard de 1,63 ori conform tehnicilor existente și de 1,75 ori – în cazul aplicării tehnicilor propuse. The total time of the actions of the forces to restore public order is lower by 29% in the exceptional case and the application of the proposed techniques compared to the existing ones. The total time of force actions to restore public order is 33% less in the standard case and the application of the proposed techniques compared to the existing ones.

Abstract Background Dementia is a pressing problem for families and society. In 2019, a total of 57.4 million people worldwide were estimated to be living with dementia, and this number will almost double every 20 years, especially in Africa and the Middle East. This study aimed to investigate knowledge about dementia among the Egyptian population. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among a sample of adult Egyptians using a socio-demographics data sheet and a designed dementia knowledge questionnaire. Results Nearly one-third (33.4%) had a poor knowledge score. The items most often answered incorrectly were the sudden onset of cognitive problems as characteristic of dementia (59.3%). The highest percentage of good knowledge was in the manifestations and prevention domains (62.20% and 67.18%, respectively). On the other hand, the lowest rate of good knowledge was in the treatment and life impact domains (35.23% and 25.70%, respectively). Not working in the medical field (OR 2.656, 95% CI: 1.504–4.688, p

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the public knowledge regarding Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in Zhuhai, China, focusing on identifying knowledge gaps and the influence of demographic and health factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhuhai, China, from October to November 2022. A total of 1986 residents from 18 communities were selected employing stratified multi-stage equi-proportional sampling. Questionnaires covering general information and the Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) were investigated face-to-face. Ordinal multiclass logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between AD awareness and demographic and health characteristics. Results The average ADKS score was 18.5 (SD = 3.36) in Zhuhai. The lowest awareness rates were observed in the “Symptoms” and “Caregiving” subdomains of ADKS, with rates of 51.01% and 43.78%, respectively. The correct rates for the 30 ADKS questions ranged from 16.62 to 92.6%, showing a bimodal pattern with clusters around 80% and 20%. Women (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.009–1.435), individuals aged 60 years or older (OR = 2.073, 95% CI: 1.467–2.932), those living in urban areas (OR = 1.361, 95% CI: 1.117–1.662), higher average monthly household income per capita (OR = 1.641, 95% CI: 1.297–2.082), and without any neurological or mental disorders (OR = 1.810, 95% CI: 1.323–2.478) were more likely to have higher levels of awareness about Alzheimer’s disease. Conclusions Adults in Zhuhai show a limited knowledge of AD, particularly in the ‘Symptoms’ and ‘Caregiving’ subdomains. Upcoming health campaigns must focus on bridging the knowledge gaps in different subdomains of AD, especially among subgroups with lower awareness, as identified in our study.

All the Nordic states (except for Iceland at the time of analysis) have published a national artificial intelligence strategy (NAIS) document. The NAISs provide a window through which to view a consolidated point where states set out a socio-technical imaginary ostensibly focused on the impact of AI on the national society but, in so doing, communicate present-day value-laden assumptions. These future visions see an expansion in the scale and scope of private-sector-driven AI applications in healthcare provision as inevitable, positive, and justified based on a promise of efficiency. In so doing, the NAISs institutionalise a shift in how issues of participation, deliberation, and inclusion in health are structured in the future. The article asks what kind of ‘welfareʼ the NAISs present for the Nordic region with respect to the governance, role, and ownership of AI healthcare. In so doing, it reveals how the NAISs provide a vehicle by which to enable a paradigm shift in state–market relations that is, nonetheless, hidden from political scrutiny through its technological futurism.

The article analyzes the correspondence between L. N. Tolstoy and M. N. Katkov, which has not yet been studied and commented on in detail in science. The author of the article consistently presents the history of interaction between correspondents, reveals the context of the correspondence, and shows the difficulties that arose during communication and their reasons. There is a difference in the worldview andcharacters of the writer andthe publisher; however, several factors particularly attracted Tolstoy to Katkov and his publications in the late 1850s and early 1860s. The article states a certain conditional dependence of the writer on the editor and comprehends the possible influence of Katkov’s newspaper and journal on Tolstoy in different periods. For Tolstoy, Katkov, throughout the entire period of their communication, continued to remain the most public person, a leader and at the same time serving the public, but Tolstoy needed his work and capabilities precisely to communicate with a wide audience.

This study deals with the function of administrative control, in which public roads are considered the most important field. However, the administration is required to provide satisfying public traffic for individuals, and at the same time, it is required to maintain public order. However, because these procedures affect or restrict the freedom of individuals and their activities, they are carried out through specific time based on the constitution or the law which, in turn, achieves the compatibility of all elements of public order on the roads and within the framework of legitimacy.The administration practices this function smoothly to the extent that the procedures do not disturb individual activities. Hence, these procedures set controls for the individuals so that they will not deviate from the planned paths. Accordingly.key words: Administrative control, Public roads, Public order, Administration.

Background: As acute stroke remains an important leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, this study sought to survey the general public in four different countries, in four different continents to ascertain the level of knowledge of the public for the risk factors, and the signs and symptoms of stroke. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of the general public that was conducted via a self-administered online survey using the SurveyMonkey® platform in the United States, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. Questions on identifying the risk factors, as well as the signs and symptoms of stroke were asked. A score was given to all subjects, and they were then asked to identify the life-style changes that they thought would reduce the risk of getting a stroke. Results: A total of 2000 subjects were recruited via the electronic search engine at the SurveyMonkey®, 500 from each country. The data showed that subjects in Western countries agreed on dyslipidemia and lack of exercise being the top two risk factors for stroke. While the Middle Eastern subjects mostly identified smoking and having a previous stroke as the top risk factors. Regarding the signs and symptoms, Western subjects agreed perfectly that the top three were hemiparesis, heavy tongue and facial asymmetry. Conclusion: It was clear from the data collected in this study that the knowledge level of signs and symptoms of stroke in the general public, irrespective of the country was poor. [SJEMed 2024; 5(1.000): 001-009]

Public awareness of aphasia is essential to ensure that people with aphasia receive the support and understanding they need. Previous studies in non-Arabic speaking countries have found a universally low level of aphasia awareness and knowledge. For the first time, the public awareness and knowledge of aphasia in Saudi Arabia was examined in this study. Additionally, the influence of demographic factors (i.e., age, gender, education, socio-economic status, and city of residency) on the levels of aphasia awareness and knowledge were investigated. The target sample size was estimated a priori using power analysis, and thus the current study had the largest sample size compared to other public aphasia awareness studies published to date. A total of 1631 members of the public completed an online survey using an adapted version of the public awareness of aphasia questionnaire. 20.48% of the respondents had heard of aphasia, of whom only 4.79% had correct basic knowledge of aphasia in relation to its features and causes. Aphasia awareness was influenced by demographic factors, including age, level of education, and socio-economic status, whilst demographic factors did not have an influence on aphasia knowledge. Interestingly, there was a prevalent belief that aphasia can improve, with Speech-Language Therapy being the most frequently chosen treatment option, followed by psychotherapy. Although aphasia awareness in Saudi Arabia was slightly higher than has been observed in some non-Arab countries, aphasia awareness and knowledge remain low despite several aphasia awareness campaigns carried out across multiple countries over the past two decades. These results highlight the need to develop action plans not only to raise public awareness of aphasia, but to educate the public on the nature of aphasia. This could be accomplished through international collaborations to raise aphasia awareness and knowledge. Future initiatives must be directed towards providing adequate aphasia education to families and the general public by healthcare providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug-Food Interaction (DFI) can potentially lead to treatment ineffectiveness and adverse health outcomes. This study investigated knowledge and attitude towards DFI and the associated factors. A validated questionnaire was distributed to 2040 participants across Jordan. The participants had moderate knowledge and attitudes regarding DFIs. Regression results revealed that male gender, lower education level, not working in the healthcare sector, and utilizing non-scientific sources of information about DFIs were associated with lower knowledge about DFI. Furthermore, male gender, being unmarried, having a low or moderate education level, not working in the healthcare sector, not having a family member with chronic disease, and having low knowledge of DFI were significantly associated with negative attitudes towards DFIs. Future health education programs should emphasize using reliable scientific sources to enhance awareness about DFIs'. Additionally, healthcare professionals should counsel patients on avoiding DFIs and provide guidance accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2014 the National Health Service (NHS) in England released the Five Year Forward plan1, envisioning a shift in power from health professionals to patients and the public. In response the Society and College of Radiographers (SCoR) produced the "Patient, Public and Practitioner Partnership within Imaging and Radiotherapy: Guiding Principles" (P4) document which was implemented within four domains of radiography practice; service delivery, service development, education and research2. This project explored how these guidelines were implemented; and whether improvement to the quality and scope were needed, leading to making recommendations for updating the document. A mixed methods design was adopted with two phases. Phase 1 – a survey exploring use of the P4 document's guiding principles. There was no maximum number of participants to ensure inclusivity. Phase 2 - one focus group and four one-to-one interviews from the four domains3. 626 participants completed the phase 1 survey. 18.85% (n=118) of participants were aware of the document and used it as a reference tool for practice, teaching, and research. 81.15% (n=508) of participants stated they were unaware of the document. Themes from phase 2; importance of service user involvement in service delivery and evaluation, resources to ensure service user involvement, suggestions to update the P4 document and use of the P4 document in radiographer education. Participants acknowledged guidance in the document was best practice. They reported more awareness of patients' needs and the effect this has on radiographers in supporting their needs. Participants recommended the document be given greater visibility. The voices of patients and the public must be heard within radiography practice. Feedback from this study can be used for the future development of the P4 document. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the occurrence of medical insurance opportunistic behavior among the public in Northeast China and its importance ranking. Methods: Data are from a self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey of participants in Northeast China conducted from January to December 2019. Using a stratified sampling method, a sample of 895 residents aged 18 years or older was selected for the study and analysis. We used a stepwise logistic regression model to analyze the factors influencing the opportunistic behavior of the public within the medical insurance domain and standardized the coefficients of the independent variables in the model to further determine the degree of importance of the relevant influencing factors. Results: Opportunistic behavior was found in 34.2% of the participants. The order of importance of the factors influencing participants' opportunistic behavior were the frequency of occurrence of overmedication by medical practitioners, age, participants' evaluation of the harm of opportunistic behavior in medical insurance, marital status, participants' evaluation of the nature of opportunistic behavior in medical insurance, and participants' evaluation of the prevalence of opportunistic behavior in medical insurance. Conclusion: One-third of the participants in northeastern China engage in medical insurance opportunistic behavior. Among them, the frequency of occurrence of overmedication by medical practitioners is the most important factor influencing whether opportunistic behavior occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People who interact with healthcare services have an ethical and legal right to control their own lives, to make informed decisions, and to consent to what happens to them. For consent to be considered ethically and legally valid, three key criteria must be met: consent must be given voluntarily; people must be sufficiently informed of all options; and people should have capacity to make the decision to give or withhold their consent. Aim: This study set out to explore, through the use of surveys, the perspectives of patients and public in relation to consent. Method: Surveys were developed for patients and the public and administered paper based (patients) and through social media (public). Results: One hundred and forty surveys were posted to patients, with a 38% response rate; 104 responses were received from the public. Ninety-six percent of patients were satisfied that the decision they made was informed; 100% felt they had made a voluntary decision; 98% felt the clinician seemed knowledgeable about the procedure. What matters most to the public were being informed about the risks associated with the proposed procedure and being assured that whatever choice they make they will receive the best care possible. Conclusions: The results highlight interesting similarities and differences in relation to consent between members of the public thinking about a possible treatment, surgery, or procedure and those patients who have actually been through the process in the past 12 months. Recommendations have been developed on the basis of these findings to co-design improvements in consent practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dementia is a pressing problem for families and society. In 2019, a total of 57.4 million people worldwide were estimated to be living with dementia, and this number will almost double every 20 years, especially in Africa and the Middle East. This study aimed to investigate knowledge about dementia among the Egyptian population. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among a sample of adult Egyptians using a socio-demographics data sheet and a designed dementia knowledge questionnaire. Results: Nearly one-third (33.4%) had a poor knowledge score. The items most often answered incorrectly were the sudden onset of cognitive problems as characteristic of dementia (59.3%). The highest percentage of good knowledge was in the manifestations and prevention domains (62.20% and 67.18%, respectively). On the other hand, the lowest rate of good knowledge was in the treatment and life impact domains (35.23% and 25.70%, respectively). Not working in the medical field (OR 2.656, 95% CI: 1.504–4.688, p < 0.001), had no contact with dementia patients (OR 1.910, 95% CI: 1.229–2.970, p = 0.004), no previous knowledge on dementia (OR 3.184, 95% CI: 1.797–5.642, p < 0.001), or never heard about dementia "Marad Alkharaf" (OR 6.385, 95% CI: 4.127–9.878, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with poorer dementia knowledge. Conclusion: The findings of our study indicated variable levels of knowledge of dementia among Egyptians. Our recommendation is to encourage conducting campaigns for raising public awareness about dementia and through media that has an important and widespread effect in reaching the Egyptian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the manifold and complex responses of fifteenth-century elite politicians and writers to 'public' politics in Castile. Through analysis of a variety of sources including chronicles, allegorical poems, treatises, glosses and letters, it shows how the multiple conceptions of non-elite agency and attitudes to it can nuance our understanding of Castilian politics in the late Middle Ages. It argues that fifteenth-century chronicles, glosses and allegorical poems demonstrate a new attention from the elite to wider contexts beyond the confines of the traditional political society, which responded both to literary fashions and to real changes in the political reality of late medieval society. Moreover, their complex and even contradictory responses, which denigrated, appropriated and addressed these wider 'publics', ought to be considered integral to the development of 'public opinion', as part of a set of discursive and institutional struggles for the right to express political opinions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilization of local food in the economic crisis is a concept in the economic field that prioritizes human resources who have knowledge and creative ideas as a strategy to advance the community's economy. There are problems in Karangjatianyar Village residents such as unemployment, one of which is due to layoffs (Termination of Employment), the work program chosen is the utilization of local food as a new business opportunity in the economic crisis, namely increasing economic efforts by utilizing sweet corn processed into JaSuKe, utilizing Cassava plants so as to increase economic efforts by making Cassava chips, home businesses utilizing spicy dried noodles, tomato cultivation to improve the economy in the economic crisis. This work program involves cooperation between the village head, household heads, Cassava chip business owners, noodle home business owners, and tomato plant cultivation owners as well as local residents. With the efforts made in Karangjatianyar Village, it is hoped that it can continue to be developed by local residents to help improve the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Political Philosophy / Las Torres de Lucca is the property of Revista Las Torres de Lucca. Facultad de Filosofia, Ciudad Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The utilization of resources plays a crucial role in mitigating the environmental pollution issue that improper disposal of construction and demolition waste (CDW) causes. However, the slow growth of the recycled building materials market limits the development of CDW resource utilization. Green value co-creation among remanufacturers, construction enterprises, and the public in CDW resource utilization projects is an effective way to address the issue. This study, based on the theory of value co-creation, uses the evolutionary game method to construct an evolutionary game model for CDW resource utilization projects. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) When the degree of green value co-creation is 0.1 or 0.5, the remanufacturer, the construction enterprise, and the public cannot maintain a state of green value co-creation; when the degree of green value co-creation is 0.9, the remanufacturer, the construction enterprise, and the public in the CDW resource utilization project finally reach a stable state of green value co-creation. (2) When the degree of green value co-creation is 0.5, enhancing the green value co-creation willingness of the remanufacturer or the public can lead other CDW resource utilization project stakeholders to participate in green value co-creation. This study contributes to the promotion of stakeholder cooperation in CDW resource utilization projects, thus providing implications for the promotion of CDW resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]