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Introduction. The objective was to gain insight into the relationship between tracheoesophageal voice quality and anatomical and morphological characteristics of the neoglottis, using perceptual evaluation of voice quality (good/reasonable/poor) and an evaluation protocol for videofluoroscopy recordings of the neoglottis (visual assessment and quantitative measures on digitized images).1 Methods. Thirty-nine laryngectomized patients (nine also underwent pharyngeal and/or oesophageal reconstruction) (29 men and 10 women, aged 47–82 years, mean 67) were studied. Perceptual evaluations were performed on read-aloud text; evaluation of videofluoroscopy recordings was undertaken at rest and during phonation. Results. Voice quality is related to tonicity of the neoglottis and appearance of a neoglottic bar during phonation. In a ‘good’ voice, there is always a visible neoglottic bar and never hypotonicity. Furthermore, voice quality is related to the ratio maximal subneoglottic distance at rest/during phonation (larger in ‘good’ speakers), minimal distance during phonation and minimal distance at rest (smaller in ‘good’ speakers). Conclusion. Anatomical and morphological characteristics of the neoglottis are related to tracheoesophageal voice quality. The quantitative measures enable more standardized evaluation of neoglottic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]