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This paper aims at analyzing the emergence of European militaries capabilities--understood as a tool incorporated in a wider security continuum -- as the expansion of European bureaucratic struggles towards new arenas. Drawing on sociological work in EU studies and in International Relations, it presents an account of the EU-UN cooperation as a central locus enabling the construction of CSDP. The argument is articulated through a dual-dynamic of internationalization and autonomization, and on the role-played by the former High Representative for CFSP, Javier Solana, and his staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents part 2 of an article discussing the legal aspects of digital signatures in accordance with the French civil code and European Union law. The author considers whether digital signatures created in France are enforceable in other European countries. Additional key points discussed include French laws applying to both electronic and paper signatures and using digital signatures for electronic invoices.

The article discusses efforts by various entities in France to go paperless. It discusses how the town hall in Huisseau-sur-Cusson started the process of using electronic mail in order to reduce paper consumption and streamline records governance by using the solution ELOprofessional developed by the software company ELO Digital Office. The steps taken by the insurance company Maif and the public housing company Pluralis are also discussed.