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Copyright of Annales Françaises de Médecine d'Urgence is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Suç yalnızca bireysel bir eylem olmaktan ziyade aynı zamanda toplum yaşamını derinden etkileyen bir sosyal olgudur. Çocuk suçluluğu da bu nedenle toplumsal sorunun önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu açıdan hukuk kurallarını çiğneyen bireylere meşru cezaların uygulanmasını gerektiren bir eylem olarak suç politika yapıcılar ve yasa koyucuların çözmesi gereken sorunların başında gelmektedir. Toplumsal faktörler, ekonomik durum, eğitim seviyesi, kültürel normlar ve sosyal adalet gibi unsurlar çocuğun suça itilmesini üzerinde etkilidir. Bu araştırmada toplumsal değişim sürecinde çocuk tanımında, çocukların itildikleri suç türlerinde, hukuki yaklaşımlarda ve suçla başa çıkma politikalarındaki değişimler incelenmiştir. Bu arka plana destek olarak kitle iletişim araçlarının yaygınlaşmasının suç davranışı üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilerek çocuk üzerindeki etkileri de analiz edilmiştir. Modernleşmenin etkilerine paralel olarak değişen hukuki bakış sayesinde çocuğun bir yetişkin gibi yargılanma biçimi de değişmiştir. Dünyada ve ülkemizdeki 19. yüzyıldan günümüze kadar olan süreçte gerçekleşen toplumsal değişimlerin etkisiyle çocuk ve suç arasındaki ilişkinin hangi yönlerde farklılaştığı bu çalışmanın ana sorusunu oluşturmaktadır. Makalenin araştırma yöntemi olarak literatür tarama tekniği seçilmiştir. Ek olarak bu çalışmada tarihi ve kültürel karşılaştırmalar yapılırken ülkelerin resmi istatistiki verilerinden de yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda, yıllık istatistiklerden yola çıkılarak suça itilmiş çocuk sayısının artmasına paralel olarak suç teorilerinin biyolojik ve psikolojik bakış açılarından uzaklaşıp sosyo-kültürel yaklaşımlara evirildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ek olarak, suçla başa çıkma politikalarının çocuklara yönelik danışmanlık, aile denetimi, sosyalleşme alana kaydığı anlaşılmış ve TV programlarının çocukların yaşam dünyasında tahribata neden olduğu da bulunmuştur.

Porn triumphs and proliferates everywhere, from network meshes to urban contexts, from media screens to the interstices of daily life; it invades the webs of public life, overheats electronic connections and impregnates contemporary sociality with moods. It becomes an atmosphere. What are the origins, the genealogy, and the actuality of this convulsed scene from the United States? In a transdisciplinary perspective embracing sociology of the imaginary, communication sciences, porn, and gender studies, the article analyzes and interprets the passage between pornography and pornoculture as a fundamental change for our societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Volume 13 of 2023 of the journal Social Analysis contains several contributions on sociology in Romania and Hungary at different moments of evolution during the twentieth century. The first four articles deal with aspects of the activity of the Bucharest Sociological School, while four other contributions concern sociology in Hungary. In several articles there are comparisons between the two sociological movements or references to broader developments in Central and Eastern Europe. If about Romanian sociology we receive only information related to the Monographic School, regarding Hungary the articles have a much wider area: from nationalist sociological concerns at the beginning of the twentieth century, to the reorganization of sociology after the Revolution of 1956 and reaching biopolitical approaches with echoes in contemporary Hungary.

Carrying the stigma of substance use comes up against certain social, medical and gender norms. Toxicophobia, defined as the hatred and discrimination of those who use substances, takes on a particular form when healthcare professionals produce it. This article will attempt to explain the causes and consequences of this phenomenon, based on recent sociological research and a survey of perinatal and addiction issues in the medico-social sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

in this article, we attempt to shed light on how, placed by the law in a situation of identity suspension that is "impossible to bear," unaccompanied minors (UAMs) can construct themselves, caught as they are between a unique personal identity that they know they must mourn in order to be able to stay in the territory, and a projected identity, also constructed by and within the fantasy of the Other. In this context, we consider the possible scope for a relationship between UAMs and social workers or volunteers, and how the understanding of the topology of the Borromean knot can be used in the training of social workers and volunteers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Psychology / Psihologie Socială is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fabula - LhT is the property of Fabula and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This is a case study of youth work in a deprived neighborhood in Gothenburg, Sweden. The case is retrospective, and the period studied was 2012–2016, when gang violence became prevalent and young adults from the neighborhood traveled to Syria and Iraq to join the Islamic State of Iraq and Al-Sham (ISIS) and similar violent movements. Kingsfield (pseudonym for the neighborhood) is one of the several deprived areas in Gothenburg that has been reported in the media for intense violence in the last 15 years, but it was never mentioned as an area that was also a potential recruitment hub for ISIS. The retrospective case study sets out to examine how this recruitment was missed both by the media and the bureaucrats of the city of Gothenburg. The empirical data were collected from semi-structured interviews with eleven professionals working in Kingsfield during 2012–2016. The case study revealed a potential misuse of youth workers with immigrant backgrounds in Kingsfield, which could have led to an unintended support for criminal structures. The study draws theoretically on De Zwart’s (2015) distinction between unintended and unanticipated consequences.

Copyright of BMS: Bulletin de Methodologie Sociologique (Sage Publications Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annuals of the Administration & Law / Roczniki Administracji i Prawa is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza Humanitas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on a cross-disciplinary exploration of philosophy, sociology, and political science focusing on the complex process of radicalization and its implications for the legitimization of violence. Topics include an analysis of the challenges the State faces in comprehending the stakes of radicalization, particularly through the examination of public policies.

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Education / Revue Canadienne de l'Éducation is the property of Canadian Society for the Study of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Naples has a rich and suggestive artistic, historical and cultural heritage. This characterization makes it one of the most attractive Italian tourist cities. Starting from 2018, the IT.A.CÀ Festival has also been included for two years in the already dense calendar of tourist events of the regional capital of Campania. It is one of the major Italian Festivals aimed at promoting responsible tourism and enhancing local realities. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an action-research conducted by OUT (University of Naples' Research Center on Tourism) aimed at analyzing the impacts that the Festival has had on Naples. The study involved the main representatives of associations, institutions and local bodies that organized the past Neapolitan editions of IT.A.CÀ. More specifically, using the SWOT analysis tool, the research identified the strengths and opportunities associated with the event, but also the weaknesses and threats, to individuate a number of recommendations for its realization in Naples.

In this article, artist and comic scholar Johanna Schipper studies the genesis of three of her comic book characters created between the ages of nine and twelve. Based on a rich archive of more than a thousand documents, sorted and analyzed for the aim of this reaserch, the text addresses aesthetic, sociological and autobiographical questions allowing a general perspective of the evolution of her childhood drawings. These drawings and comics are strongly influenced by the environment in which she lived, as well as the litterar and artistic culture that surrounded her as a child. The consideration of psychosocial and personal factors, such as her mother’s depression and her late learning of French, leads to a fine analyse of the recurring themes that persisted in her works throughout her childhood and before becoming motifs she plays with or mocks in the comics from her preteen years. The dialogue that Johanna Schipper establishes with her own past alternates between formal analysis and personal memories. The number and quality of the sources provide access to rare data from a socio-artistic point of view.

The present study analyses infant death, infanticide, and child abandonment in pre-transitional societies assuming that, even in various times, cultures, and geographical places, some elements are shared and commonly present on the way to decide on newborns’ right to life or death in a demographic system typified by high infant mortality rates. The attention focuses on this subject with multidisciplinary sources linking newborns’ mortality with population control behaviour, investigating, and clustering common elements. The aim is to revisit these topics considering them as archetypal dimensions that possess elements deeply rooted and emotionally linked in human nature to make them universally shared in time and space. This creates a network of semantic and iconic connections so strong as to persist over the centuries.

Research in the educational and didactic fields of recent times increasingly highlights that the use of new technologies in educational systems favors the improvement of learning. In fact, the network can be used to plan and carry out educational activities and itineraries. Furthermore, the use of telematics in education systems shows great potential in relation to access to knowledge and the quality of the knowledge that is transmitted. For this reason, the use of new technologies is a qualifying element because it allows access to a previously unthinkable quantity and variety of information resources; Internet is a multimedia archive capable of allowing the individual to undertake knowledge paths that can be modeled on personal times and cognitive styles. The most recent technical evolution, then, shows us how new technologies can become useful tools for activating experiences that put the subject in contact with the world and stimulate the ability to express oneself and discover in an original and creative way. In this direction, the applications of the so-called Metaverse, which use technology to broaden the cognitive perception of the individual, integrates and expands the concept of e-learning, promoting collaboration and physical involvement of students, linking the acquisition of knowledge to action and interaction with the context.

The growth of a new wealthy middle-class in Tudor England brought about a great social confusion, which became evident through the inappropriate use of clothing and a particular interest in fashions from abroad. The confusion provoked by the excess of apparel turned to be a good topic for English priests who used it in their sermons to teach sobriety and modesty as the right measure of earthly life. The sin of extravagance in apparel became a favourite theme in Stubbes’s Anatomie of Abuses and in many homilies and sermons throughout the 16th century. If preachers saw pride as the vice to be defeated, prose writers like Robert Greene used it as a good ironic weapon to describe Tudor society’s covetousness and moral decline. In his Quip for an Upstart Courtier (1592), Greene deals with the “abuses that pride had bred in England” and denounces the lack of moral values in young men who had become of rank.

While research on the history of social work has been developing and expanding for several years, this issue seeks to examine the ways in which history, sociology and philosophy can cross reference research topics and methods and engage in a fruitful dialogue.

The Covid-19 crisis has given a rare visibility to 'science in the making', with still uncertain effects on the image of science. In any case, it offered a moment of reflection on the place of science and working conditions of scientists, from which we can already draw some lessons in the sociology of science, with a particular interest in the way knowledge is produced on the history of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. First of all, the question of its origin has enabled scientists to underline with great clarity the dependence of their knowledge capacities on political choices. Another interesting aspect of their discourses is that they show how much scientific credibility also depends on a collective effort carried out outside laboratories. The pandemic has in addition increased the credibility both of emerging and forgotten specialties, and shown the complementarity of very different 'ways of doing' science. Finally, it has confirmed the inclusion of virology in a scientific and political movement associated with the great narrative of the 'Anthropocene'. The question of the origin of the virus is still open, however, and is the subject of a controversy that further enriches its sociological interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Psychology / Psihologie Socială is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of photovoltaic systems on agricultural land in France is still largely undocumented, and this article offers a contribution to understand the underlying mechanisms. The authors explain how this development takes place at the crossroads of national public regulation, public and private actors’ strategies and emerging territorial dynamics. They explain that the rules governing land use and renewable energy production constrain, but do not prohibit photovoltaics on agricultural land. They identify a priority rule for installation on artificial areas, but also four exceptions to the rule, all subject to interpretation processes. They then describe the strategies implemented in this context by agricultural actors, public authorities and energy companies. At local scales, energy companies seek out agricultural land, taking into account the doctrines asserted by local public authorities and professional agricultural organizations. On a national scale, these companies plead for the evolution of the game’s rules, partly to restrict the regulatory obstacles to photovoltaic installations on agricultural land, partly to gain recognition for approaches that they present as demanding in their combination of agriculture and energy production.

The Role and Dangers of Selfie Culture from a Social-Psychological Perspective During the COVID-19 Pandemic In 2013, “selfie” was named the word of the year by the Oxford English Dictionary, implying a self-portrait photograph taken by oneself using a digital camera or a smartphone, mainly to post on social media. In the past decade, selfies have become a new medium for self-expression and self-representation (Qiu et al. 2015). On social media platforms, users publish virtual self-representations that are influenced by “real-life” individual and societal changes (Hogan & Quan-Haase 2010); which is also reflected during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of social media and self-representation in social media posts increased during the first and the second wave of the pandemic, with selfies among the most popular types of content shared (Sándor 2022a; Sándor 2022b). The goal of the current paper is to provide a concise review of the selfie phenomenon from the perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic, supported by the author's research results on self-representation and image modification on social media.

A book review, BOGDAN BUCUR, Sociologia proastei guvernări în România interbelică. București: RAO, 2019, 728 pp. done by Petru NEGURĂ

The history of Christianity is full of stories of martyrs who witnessed the truth of faith in Christ and became the object of brutal abuse and violence. Although not in this sense, the word martyr is today widely used to indicate the voluntary act of sacrifice inspired by extremist ideas. The evolution of the concept of martyr exhibits its complexity that can be investigated considering the construction through the narrative, in the form of reports and testimonies, keeping in the background the distinction between the narration of the martyr and the narration on the martyr. In this article we will show the attempt to remain within the perimeter of the storytelling on martyr and martyrdom, considering two examples and their respective semiotic reading with the intention of highlighting the role of corporeity in the story of a martyrdom. In fact, the body of the martyr makes the testimony possible, so much so that the body must be alienated. We consider interesting to note that martyrdom is narrated also in some places of contemporary art as in the works of Bill Viola, who through Martyrs shows his idea of sacrifice but also of rebirth and cyclicity of the body.

The article discusses the work of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, particularly focusing on his concept of reflexivity in the context of sociology. It explores how Bourdieu's intellectual journey evolved over four decades. It also touches upon Bourdieu's critical stance on various issues in social sciences, his personal background, and the intellectual traditions that influenced him, such as phenomenology, structuralism, and Marxism.

This paper utilizes an ALA resolution from 2016 and the resulting arguments on an ALA public forum to analyze the profession of librarianship from a perspective informed by Pierre Bourdieu’s theories. Drawing on scholarship from sociology, organizational studies, and LIS, I argue that the concept of a profession is a form of symbolic capital working within multiple fields of power. Analyzing librarianship with this framework enables us to identify the internal and external battles being waged over control of symbolic capital within fields of power, and ask why we value “the profession” to such a degree. Within the profession, professionals, para-professionals, and managers are constantly attempting to shore up or acquire additional symbolic capital. Externally, professions are struggling to maintain their symbolic capital in relation to each other; some professions, like medicine and law, have been more adept at consecrating cultural, social and economic capital into symbolic capital. Ultimately, this approach makes clear that the concept of “a profession” is neither absolute nor neutral; it is a constructed, deeply historical socio-cultural classification system that has been embedded into our collective understanding of how labour is valued. Ultimately, bolstering support behind the notion of a “profession” might not be the most prudent course of action for librarians going forward; in fact, I’ll suggest that uncritically supporting the “profession” goes against the philosophical tenets that librarians are purported to uphold.

This article aims first and foremost to retrace the history of the notions of social inequality and cultural diversity in the human and social sciences. For more than a century, these notions have been fundamental to sociology and anthropology, but their meaning has evolved due to profound changes in the context. We will insist in particular on the perspectives inherited from Durkheim, Bourdieu, Mauss and Lévi-Strauss to shed light on these notions in French academic research. Secondly, we will show how the conceptions of inequality and diversity are in crisis today. We will propose some theoretical paths to renew these notions in contemporary European societies, based on a few ethnographic examples taken from the field of traditional festivals and games.

This paper gives a concise overview of two specific methods – photo-elicitation and photovoice – which originated in anthropology, but found an application in sociology as well, mostly because of the closeness of these two disciplines on the theoretical and methodological level, as well as on the institutional. This closeness is, among other things, noticeable in the highly specific academic directions of these disciplines, such as those oriented towards the visual sphere, like visual anthropology and visual sociology. The specificity of the two mentioned methods is reflected in the fact that they are based on the visual and visual materials in general, and their use is, to a large extent, legitimated by a specific social context characterised by the predominance of the visual in many aspects (representational, communicative, political, urban to mention just a few) at both the global and local levels. Despite this situation, the mentioned methods, as well as those similar to them, are still used quite ‘shyly’ in research approaches to contemporary society. This paper discusses the central features and epistemological potential of photo-elicitation and photovoice, as well as their different formal variations, especially in the case of photo-elicitation. Basically, both methods are based in traditional research approaches like classic interviews and focus group discussions. Despite this, their use represents a visible and certainly significant expansion of the methodological range. In that sense, special attention is paid to the possible advantages of these methods which separate them in a certain way from other methodological practices. In order to prevent their uncritical glorification, the limitations and disadvantages of these methods are also discussed, which should offer a more nuanced methodological picture.

Creativity, a distinctive privilege of the fine arts, is the act of shaping a void or absence into an original creation, a harmonious blend of intellect and emotion. It is an intellectual and affective aptitude, wherein ingenuity and intuition converge to birth unprecedented masterpieces. While creativity seems to be incongruent with the logic of the translation process at first glance, often associated solely with literary translation, it, in fact, permeates the very essence of translation, regardless of the text type. Translation is not merely a reproduction but a transformative process, akin to an act of production fueled by creativity. To comprehend the concept of creativity in literary translation, one must explore its relationship with three essential human sciences - sociology, psychology, and philosophy. In the realm of translation, sociology plays a crucial role in understanding the cultural and social dimensions that impact language and communication. A translator's creative choices are inevitably influenced by the context in which they operate. Societal norms, values, and traditions subtly guide the translator's decisions, shaping the outcome of the translated work. Psychology also bears significance, as the translator's mental processes, including cognitive abilities and emotional intelligence, influence their approach to the task. Translators must creatively navigate linguistic challenges, adapting their understanding of both the source and target languages, to convey the intended meaning faithfully while preserving the essence of the original work. Furthermore, philosophy adds depth to the concept of creativity in translation, offering insights into the nature of language, meaning, and interpretation. Philosophical perspectives influence how translators grapple with issues of subjectivity, ambiguity, and the limits of linguistic expression. A translator's creative intuition comes into play when confronting the gaps between languages and cultures, striving to transcend these barriers and give life to a cohesive and captivating translated piece. In conclusion, creativity thrives in the art of translation, extending its reach far beyond literary works. Whether rendering scientific texts, legal documents, or technical manuals, the translator's creativity remains an essential tool in overcoming linguistic challenges and creating nuanced, accurate, and culturally sensitive translations. The interplay between sociology, psychology, and philosophy enriches the understanding of creativity's role in translation, emphasizing its transformative power in bridging cultures and bringing forth captivating, novel expressions of language. As translation continues to evolve, acknowledging and embracing creativity will undoubtedly foster a deeper appreciation for the beauty and intricacies of multilingual communication.

This article deals with professional/user interactions in French psychiatry and offers to distinguish four "therapeutic styles" according to their use of tools to sustain these interactions: 1°) absence of tools and informality of interactions; 2°) use of rituals to maintain contact with the patient, no formalization; 3°) use of therapeutic methods; 4°) use of tools: a) to ease expression and interactions, b) such as protocols or c) standardized. We propose to distinguish between formalization and standardization of interactions and conclude on the role of the feeling of powerlessness of caregivers in the conflict between therapeutic approaches in psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Cette étude rompt avec le réductionnisme du champ des sources documentaires de la recherche en sciences sociales en proposant plutôt leur triangulation en vue de garantir des résultats toujours fiables et crédibles. Autrement dit, « la finalité d'une bonne méthodologie de recherche est de faciliter la production d'un travail universitaire alliant richesse documentaire et rigueur scientifique ».1 (1) Service Formation des Publics, Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche/France, Méthodologie de la recherche documentaire : principes clés, Université d’Avignon, s.d. Abstract This study breaks with the reductionism of the field of documentary sources of social science research by proposing instead their triangulation in order to guarantee results that are always reliable and credible. In other words, "the purpose of a good research methodology is to facilitate the production of academic work combining documentary richness and scientific rigor"

Tüketim, daha çok ekonomi biliminin inceleme konusu olarak algılanan bir insan eylemidir. Dolayısıyla fiyat ve gelir gibi ekonomik değişkenlerle açıklanmaktadır. Toplum bilimi (sosyoloji) ve insan bilimi (antropoloji) açısından ise tüketimi, insanın sosyalliğini inşa eden değerler, gelenekler, alışkanlıklar, duygular biçimlendirmektedir. Bu sosyal bilimler, tüketimi bu yönde değerlendirirken, insana özgü öğeleri ‘ceteris paribus’ varsayımıyla dışladığı için ekonomi bilimini de eleştirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda homo oeconomicus, insanın gerçekliğine yönelik olmaktan uzaktır. Yapılması gereken; ekonomi biliminin kuram ve politikalarında insanı soyutlanmış bir birey olarak değil, sosyal bir varlık olarak görmektir.