26 results
Search Results
2. [Exercise for the promotion of mental health : Putative mechanisms, recommendations, and scientific challenges].
- Author
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Legrand FD, Chaouloff F, Ginoux C, Ninot G, Polidori G, Beaumont F, Murer S, Jeandet P, and Pelissolo A
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- Humans, Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Health Promotion, Mental Health, Mental Disorders therapy
- Abstract
The idea of applying various forms of physical activity for the betterment of physical health and the reduction of chronic medical conditions is ubiquitous. Despite evidence of successful applications of physical activity for improvement of mental health dating back to antiquity, it has until recent years remained unconventional to consider exercise as an intervention strategy for various mental health conditions. The past two decades, however, have seen a relative explosion of interest in understanding and applying various programs and forms of exercise to improve mental health. Here, our purpose is to provide a comprehensive and updated overview of the application of exercise as a strategy for improving mental health. In the present paper we first summarize contemporary research regarding short- and long-term impacts of exercise on mental health. Then an overview of the putative mechanisms and neurobiological bases underpinning the beneficial effects of exercise is provided. Finally, we suggest directions for future research as well as a series of concrete recommendations for clinicians who wish to prescribe physical activity as part of patient mental health management., (Copyright © 2023 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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3. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare personnel (Algeria, 2022).
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Boussouf N, Bentchikou A, Kouachi MZ, Noui S, and Boudrioua D
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- Humans, Algeria, Pandemics, Health Personnel, Health Workforce, Mental Health, COVID-19, Psychological Tests, Self Report
- Abstract
Aim: Assess the impact of stress and Burnout syndrome on health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic., Method: A survey through an online questionnaire was conducted among health personnel, completed with a paper questionnaire collection, Information was collected on demographics, COVID-19 unit activity, the Burnout syndrome calculated by the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, is defined by high levels of exhaustion and depersonalization when the total score reaches 30 and 12 points respectively and by a low level of professional accomplishment from a total score of 40, the level of stress perception is calculated by the post-traumatic stress scale, whose threshold is equal or greater than 44 points., Results: 345 responses were included concerning doctors, paramedics and technical-administrative staff working in an Algerian health facility between October 2021 and January 2022. Prevalence rates were 44.3% for burnout, 30.1% for depersonalization and 56.2% for low achievement, the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder was 38.6% of study participants. Analysis of risk factors among caregivers (physicians and paramedics) showed that burnout was related to age (p=0.041), the notion of the workplace in a dedicated COVID-19 patient unit (p=0.009) and the occurrence of death in the health professional's entourage (p=0,015). The occurrence of a death event among those around caregivers is a risk factor for post-traumatic stress syndrome with a OR=2.02, IC 95% [1,17-3,47]., Conclusion: Knowledge of the impact of COVID-19 on health professionals is an important element in maintaining their mental health and is a key consideration when managing health crises.
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- 2023
4. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Study: protocol for a prospective investigation of mental health risk and resilience factors.
- Author
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Carleton RN, Krätzig GP, Sauer-Zavala S, Neary JP, Lix LM, Fletcher AJ, Afifi TO, Brunet A, Martin R, Hamelin KS, Teckchandani TA, Jamshidi L, Maguire KQ, Gerhard D, McCarron M, Hoeber O, Jones NA, Stewart SH, Keane TM, Sareen J, Dobson K, and Asmundson GJG
- Subjects
- Canada epidemiology, Humans, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Health, Police
- Abstract
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), like all public safety personnel (PSP), are frequently exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events that contribute to posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSI). Addressing PTSI is impeded by the limited available research. In this protocol paper, we describe the RCMP Study, part of the concerted efforts by the RCMP to reduce PTSI by improving access to evidence-based assessments, treatments and training as well as participant recruitment and RCMP Study developments to date. The RCMP Study has been designed to (1) develop, deploy and assess the impact of a system for ongoing annual, monthly and daily evidence-based assessments; (2) evaluate associations between demographic variables and PTSI; (3) longitudinally assess individual differences associated with PTSI; (4) augment the RCMP Cadet Training Program with skills to proactively mitigate PTSI; and (5) assess the impact of the augmented training condition (ATC) versus the standard training condition (STC). Participants in the STC (n = 480) and ATC (n = 480) are assessed before and after training and annually for 5 years on their deployment date; they also complete brief monthly and daily surveys. The RCMP Study results are expected to benefit the mental health of all participants, RCMP and PSP by reducing PTSI among all who serve.
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- 2022
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5. How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Academia: transformative praxis and climate action
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Maria Cristina Caimotto
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conscientization ,social justice ,academic burnout ,environmental education ,ecolinguistics ,cycling advocacy ,mental health ,climate crisis ,marketisation ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 ,Communication. Mass media ,P87-96 - Abstract
Well-being in academia is obviously tied to levels of burnout experienced by academics. Why are these levels increasing and how is their increase related to the marketization and neoliberalisation of universities? What should we, as academics, do in order to counter this trend and improve both our well-being and that of our students as well as society? These questions are addressed through experimental writing, employing techniques that are unusual for linguistics, namely autoethnography, in order to reflect on academic careers and the problems of mental health and harassment experienced by PhD students. Drawing inspiration from “transformative praxis”, this paper describes the approach of social justice teaching and conscientization. Focusing in particular on the theme of environmental education, the paper reflects on how introducing social justice teaching in academic courses is likely to prove helpful to prevent burnout and dissatisfaction. The second part of the paper describes the author’s experience with university courses about ecolinguistics and the feedback received from students, including a selection of their comments.
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- 2024
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6. The Educational and Health Impact of COVID-19 on Children With Special Needs: A Systematic Review
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Deepshikha Batheja, Phu Duong, Vaishali Parab, Dominick Panarello, Jyoti Joshi, and Srishti Goel
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COVID-19 ,Children with Special Needs ,Education ,Mental health ,Physical Health ,Social Sciences ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Governments across the world were forced to impose social distancing and lockdown measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19, caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that emerged in December 2019. Following the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic, the disruptions, including restrictive measures such as school closures had severe impacts on the physical, emotional and mental health of all people, especially children with special needs. There was also scant data, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries. Existing literature stems mostly from western countries, thus the need to perform a comprehensive review on this topic. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The primary objective of the systematic review is to understand the impact of COVID-19 and restrictive measures such as school closures on the educational outcomes and physical and mental health of school-going children with special needs. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: This systematic review used the PRISMA 2020 checklist where four databases and grey literature were searched for full text articles, peer reviewed publications in the English language that were published during January 2019–December 2021. RESEARCH RESULTS: The literature search identified 1294 publications, of which 25 key papers were selected. These studies investigate the impact on children with special needs across the globe, with a majority of papers from Europe. We found that COVID-19 and the digitalization of schooling had severe impacts on the physical and mental health of children with special needs and their parents/caregivers. CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: These studies highlight the need for an inclusive school environment to ensure that the learning outcomes for children everywhere are achieved. Further, a hybrid model that includes classroom learning with novel inventive methods would be beneficial for children with special needs.
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- 2023
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7. Scénariser l'expérience infirmière en contexte de déshospitalisation psychiatrique : nord de l'Ontario, 1965-2015.
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LeBel, Marie
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NURSING ,MENTAL health ,MENTAL illness ,MENTAL health services ,WITNESSES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Health History is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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8. Perspectives sur l'accès et la qualité des services psychosociaux en cancer du sein : une étude qualitative sur l'expérience avant et durant la pandémie de la COVID-19.
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Fortin, Justine, Defer, Clarisse, Brunet, Alain, Montreuil, Marjorie, and Marin, Marie-France
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Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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9. Expériences d'accompagnement en fin de vie à domicile durant la pandémie de COVID-19 : enjeux et défis.
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Grenier, Josée, Verdon, Chantal, Cherblanc, Jacques, Simard, Chantale, Maltais, Danielle, and Bergeron-Leclerc, Christiane
- Abstract
Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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10. L'ERGOTHÉRAPIE EN SOUTIEN À LA PARENTALITÉ AUPRÈS DES PERSONNES VIVANT AVEC UN TROUBLE DE SANTÉ MENTALE: PRATIQUE ACTUELLE ET DÉVELOPPEMENTS POTENTIELS.
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Dansereau, Margot, Doucet, Marjorie, Préfontaine, Cassandra, and Lévesque, Martine C.
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CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,PROFESSIONS ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,PARENTING ,FAMILY-centered care ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy services ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,MENTAL illness ,ADULTS - Abstract
Copyright of Revue Francophone de Recherche en Ergotherapie is the property of Communaute Pour l Avancement de la Recherche Appliquee Francophone en Ergotherapie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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11. Enhancing sleep pattern assessment with biocompatible smart materials
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Makwana Dhaval, Najah Zahraa, Soni Devendra, Valiveti Hima Bindu, Chandrashekar Rakesh, Nijhawan Ginni, and Yakaiah P
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bio-based-smart materials ,sleep disorders ,mental health ,bio-signal recording ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Biomaterials with intelligence can respond to variations in physiological factors. Additionally, they react to external stimuli that influence many attributes of allopathic drugs (technological advances medicine). Smart biomaterials are employed in a variety of therapies to enhance the care of different illnesses. Bio-based smart materials can be molded into a variety of soft designs, such as textiles, hydrogel, membranes film, aerogels, nanofibers, and fabrics, which are advantageous for wearable sensors when compared to polymers generated from petroleum. In this paper, sleep patterns are examined closely in relation to mental health, with a particular focus on bio-signal processing in identifying sleep-related disorders. According to the study, sleep stage analysis is critical to improving therapeutic outcomes for individuals suffering from depression due to its physiological influence. Biologically compatible smart devices enhance advanced biological capture techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and electromyography (EMG). As a result, these features increase sensor reliability, accuracy and reliability, ensuring high signal fidelity. The use of biocompatible smart-material based devices with artificial intelligence provides a revolutionary approach to the diagnosis of complex interconnected disorders of mental illness, sleep disorders and schizophrenia, including neural changes and its recurrence to identify sleep phases and identify trauma-related disturbances, and sophisticated machine learning provides in-depth insights.
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- 2024
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12. La pair-aidance pour soutenir le rétablissement en intervention précoce pour la psychose : enjeux autour de son implantation au Québec et dans la francophonie.
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de Oliveira Padilha, Paula Pires, Gagné, Geneviève, Iyer, Srividya N., Thibeault, Esther, Levasseur, Mary Anne, Massicotte, Hélène, and Abdel-Baki, Amal
- Abstract
Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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13. THE PAIN OF AN ENTREPRENEUR? RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY, LIFE SATISFACTION, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUFFERING OF BRAZILIAN ENTREPRENEURS DURING THE COVID19 PANDEMIC.
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Mendonça de Sousa, Marina, Caldeira Corradi, Matheus Henrique, Rocha Martins, Pedro Saulo, Martins Teodoro, Maycoln Leoni, Correa Ribeiro, Pricila Cristina, and Mansur-Alves, Marcela
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BUSINESSPEOPLE ,LIFE satisfaction ,PERSONALITY ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,AFFECTIVE neuroscience - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Innovation (2318-9975) is the property of International Journal of Innovation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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14. [Basic, Clinical and Social Perspectives on the Use of Virtual Characters in Mental Health]
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Audrey, Marcoux, Marie-Hélène, Tessier, Frédéric, Grondin, Laetitia, Reduron, and Philip L, Jackson
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Mental Health Services ,Mental Health ,Artificial Intelligence ,Humans ,Empathy ,Delivery of Health Care - Abstract
Along other breakthroughs in computer sciences, such as artificial intelligence, virtual characters (i.e. digitally represented characters featuring a human appearance or not) are foreseen as potential providers of mental healthcare services. However, their current use in clinical practice is marginal and limited to an assistive role to help clinicians in their practices. Safety and efficiency concerns, as well as a general lack of knowledge and experience, may explain this discrepancy between the expected (sometimes futuristic) and current use of virtual characters. An overview of recent evidence would help pinpoint the main concerns and challenges pertaining to their use in mental healthcare. Objective This paper aims to inform relevant actors, including clinicians, on the potential of virtual characters in mental healthcare practices and to raise awareness on societal challenges regarding their use. Method A narrative literature review was conducted to summarize basic and clinical research findings, and to outline an in-depth discussion on various societal caveats related to the inclusion of virtual characters. Results Basic studies highlight several characteristics of the virtual characters that seem to influence patient-clinician interactions. These characteristics can be classified into two categories: perceptual (e.g. realism) and social features (i.e. attribution of social categories such as gender). To this day, many interventions and/or assessments using virtual characters have shown various levels of efficiency in mental health, and certain elements of a therapeutic relationship (e.g. alliance and empathy) may even be triggered during an interaction with a virtual character. To develop and increase the use of virtual characters, numerous socioeconomic and ethical issues must be examined. Although the accessibility and the availability of virtual characters are an undeniable advantage for their use in mental healthcare, some inequities about their application remain. In addition, the accumulation of biometric data (e.g. heart rate) could provide valuable information to clinicians and could help develop autonomous virtual characters, which raises concerns over issues of security and privacy. This paper proposes some recommendations to avoid such undesirable outcomes. Conclusion Due to their promising features, the inclusion of virtual characters will no doubt be increasingly prevalent in mental healthcare services. All involved actors should thus be informed about specific challenges raised by such breakthroughs. They should also actively participate in discussions regarding the development of virtual characters in order to adopt unified recommendations for their safe and ethical use in mental healthcare.
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- 2021
15. Ethical Arguments for Providing Access to Mental Health Care through Longitudinal Relationships
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Charlene Sathi and Lydia S. Dugdale
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homelessness ,homeless ,mental health ,mental health services ,mental disorders ,psychiatric disorders ,public health ,supportive housing ,street medicine ,community health clinics ,Societies: secret, benevolent, etc. ,HS1-3371 ,Communities. Classes. Races ,HT51-1595 ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
A focus on access to mental health care is critical for beneficent and just care of individuals experiencing homelessness. The delivery of this care is strengthened through building longitudinal relationships between clinicians and persons experiencing homelessness—relationships that are best understood, perhaps, through the lens of attachment theory. In this paper, we look at the prevalence of mental illness among individuals experiencing homelessness and the history of deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill. We then evaluate how three modern-day interventions—street medicine, community health clinics, and supportive housing programs—play integral roles in providing mental health care and constructing a trusting relationship. We conclude with a call for increased funding to support the expansion of these essential mental health care interventions, especially in the aftermath of COVID-19.
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- 2021
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16. A history of abuse: Documenting the harms experienced by the 'Trainspotting generation'
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Samantha Weston
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drug use ,addiction ,social harm ,stigmatisation ,mental health ,consumo de drogas ,adicción ,daño social ,estigmatización ,salud mental ,Social legislation ,K7585-7595 - Abstract
The story of the past 30 years has been the relentless hollowing-out of industrial Britain, the single biggest change to the British economy in the post-war era. During this period, whole communities have become destabilised by mass long-term unemployment resulting in discarded generations that have been excluded socially and economically from the benefits widely available to those in work (Hutton, 1996; Buchanan, 2000). It has been against this backdrop that the youth of the 80s and 90s turned to heroin in an attempt to block out the harsh social and economic realities of their lives (Buchanan and Wyke, 1987). Drawing on semi-structured interviews with twelve opiate-involved users (OIUs), this paper illuminates the harms experienced by those who began their drug taking during the 80s and 90s. Particularly, I argue that the negative consequences brought about by the broad umbrella of drug treatment policy that adopts a framework of risk-based strategies designed to regulate and control drug users has had a cumulative effect contributing to further experiences of stigma, unemployment, physical and mental ill health. La historia de los últimos 40 años ha sido el incesante desmantelamiento de la Gran Bretaña industrial hacia el desempleo de larga duración y las generaciones descartadas que han sido excluidas social y económicamente (Pearson 1987a, 1987b, Buchanan y Young 2000). En un intento de bloquear estas duras realidades sociales y económicas de sus vidas, los jóvenes de los 80 y los 90 recurrieron a la heroína (Buchanan y Wyke 1987). A partir de un abordaje de daño social para el análisis de entrevistas semiestructuradas con doce usuarios de opiáceos, aduzco que los problemas comúnmente asociados al consumo de drogas –experiencias de estigmatización, desempleo, y salud física y mental– podrían entenderse mejor como daños resultantes de un discurso reduccionista que representa erróneamente las drogas y a sus consumidores como una amenaza a la sociedad, y enfoca el tratamiento como una reducción de los daños que suponen los consumidores de opiáceos en lugar de enfocarlo en los recursos sociales que se necesitan para la prosperidad humana. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1172
- Published
- 2021
17. Teaching in Countryside Education in the context of COVID-19
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Juliana Crespo Lopes, Gabriela Fernandes Chaves Lira, Nicolly Papacidero Magrin, Débora da Silva Noal, and Marina Thuane Melo da Silva
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mental health ,psychosocial care ,countryside education ,emancipation ,covid-19. ,Education - Abstract
Education in the countryside is a result of historical fights for the rights of property, education, social justice, and labor. The COVID-19 Pandemic highlighted the existing vulnerabilities and precariousness, and alongside the social isolation came the need to cope with mental health issues and psychosocial support for countryside teachers. This paper aims to present an analysis on the implications of COVID-19 Pandemic in mental and psychosocial health of the countryside teachers. Five countryside education professionals were interviewed, one from each Brazilian region. Online semi-structured interviews were analysed by discourse analysis. The findings showed situations leading to psychological distress as well as critical protective processes, which promoted mental health in the pandemic context. Pedagogical practices from distance have turned the situation of countryside education and its educators even more precarious and vulnerable. The pandemic accelerated processes of depersonalisation and devaluation of countryside education.
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- 2021
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18. Use of ICT and social networks in the neurodevelopment of minors
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Inmaculada Ávalos Ruiz, Mercedes Cuevas López, Emilio Jesús Lizarte Simón, and Slava López Rodríguez
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Influence of technology ,Neuropsychology ,Mental health ,Substance abuse ,Bullying ,Technology ,Language and Literature - Abstract
The presence of technologies in all areas and stages of life increases the risk of addiction to devices, networks, and the use of various programmes. Excessive use of devices and technologies during childhood and adolescence has negative effects on neurodevelopment and causes emotional disorders related to anxiety, stress, and depression. These disorders can be associated with the development of other addictions (alcohol, psychoactive substances) or other situations of risk of social exclusion such as bullying, among others. In our study of the risk of social exclusion in adolescents (ÁVALOS, 2022) we have applied a complete diagnostic battery to 25 subjects of both sexes between 12 and 17 years of age focusing on six dimensions of risk: anxiety and depression, alcohol and other substance abuse, bullying, addiction to technologies, gender violence and risk behaviour in love and sexual relationships, and difficult family situation. The aim of this paper is to present and analyse the correlations found between each of the first three dimensions, and the technology addiction dimension as a predictor of other risk factors for social exclusion. The data show that addiction to video games, in particular, is related to high levels of depression, while addiction to any of the technologies studied (mobile, internet and video games) is significantly related to being a victim of bullying.
- Published
- 2022
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19. Use of digital technologies in mental health during COVID-19
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Nara Helena Lopes Pereira da SILVA, Rafael Fontan OTTOLIA, Luísa Gianoni MARQUES, and Andrés Eduardo Aguirre ANTÚNEZ
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Covid-19 ,E-health ,Mental health ,Telepsychiatry ,Telepsychology ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Abstract Most countries did not have a consolidated digital health structure before the pandemic. Both social distancing and mental health problems resulting from the situation justify the urgency of discussions on web-mediated interventions. The objective of this work is to present the panorama of technological mediation in mental health services and their specificities in the context of the pandemic. This paper is grounded on a critical look at the migration from face-to-face care to the Internet environment, highlighting: the international experiences using digital technologies in the pandemic context; the challenges in online consultations, emphasizing the importance of the ethical, technical/technological, and clinical domains, which are recurring issues in the international literature; the challenges and perspectives in the use of technologies. It is essential to develop strategies aligned with government incentives, aiming at the quality of the offered services and the guarantee of an adequate hybrid qualification.
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- 2022
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20. The impact of Covid-19 on Latin American Psychology: research, profession, and public policy
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Miguel GALLEGOS, Francisco MORALES CALATAYUD, Enrique SAFORCADA, Wilson LOPÉZ LOPÉZ, Mauricio CERVIGNI, Angel ELGIER, Carmen BURGOS VIDELA, and Nelson PORTILLO
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Covid-19 ,Latin America ,Mental health ,Psychology ,Psychosocial intervention ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Abstract In this paper, we offer an in-depth analysis of relevant scientific literature and a series of critical reflections based on a narrative review of the impact that the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic had on Latin American psychology. We performed a non-exhaustive search, selection, and analysis of different documentary sources in scientific databases, institutional repositories, and websites of national and regional psychology organizations between May 25 and 31, 2020. In particular, we consulted SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, and Google Scholar using the following individual key words associated to psychology: “Coronavirus”, “Covid-19” and “Pandemic”. Various types of documents were retrieved for a subsequent in-depth analysis (e.g., articles, institutional documents, notes, bulletins, recommendation guides, etc.). Our review allowed us to identify three challenges for psychology in the region: (1) insertion of psychology in public policies; (2) construction of an own agenda of psychological research; (3) evaluation of practices and reorientation of professional training processes.
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- 2022
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21. A Systematic Education Model for International Students Mental Health in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Wu Min, Ren Xiaozhu, Chen Xuanyuan, Hao Xinxin, and Hu Xiao
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international students ,mental health ,education model ,covid-19 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has a psychological impact on international students in China. Public psychological crisis prevention and intervention, and a timely economic and social restoration have become increasingly important. Focusing on international students in China, this paper summarizes different types of psychological issues and their causes after surveying the students’ mental health status and behavior changes. It proposes a systematic approach to address international students’ mental issues from three dimensions including government management, university education, and social support. It establishes the education model for international students’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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- 2023
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22. Immigration, settlement process and mental health challenges of immigrants/ refugees: Alternative care thinking
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Margareth Santos Zanchetta, Abinet Gebremariam, David Aftab Ansari, Elizabeth Huang, Stéphanie Larchanché, Clément Picot-Ngo, Marguerite Cognet, and Shone John
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immigrant health ,immigrant settlement ,international collaboration ,mental health ,refugee health ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
This paper discusses progressive thinking and clinical views on improving mental health practice for immigrants and refugees. It addresses policy, care delivery, professionals’ attitudes, and immigrants’ access to mental health care — all factors especially pertinent for practice in major immigration hubs. The data was gathered from invited presentations and discussions among participants at an international multidisciplinary symposium, including health and social scientists from Toronto (Canada) and Paris (France), major urban centres attracting large numbers of immigrant and refugees who constantly encounter challenges for their successful settlement. The focus is on alternative care thinking and innovative approaches for better care and understanding of these populations’ health behavior. Recommendations on how to advance knowledge relevant for these two urban hubs of immigration were documented, underpinned by the consensus that economic disparities, societal and political forces, as well as cultural and linguistic factors, influence immigrants’ and refugees’ vulnerability regarding mental health stability.
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- 2021
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23. Interventions pour soutenir les infirmières et infirmiers gestionnaires dans la prévention de la violence des patients auprès du personnel en milieu hospitalier psychiatrique : revue rapide des écrits
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Bru, Mélody, Goulet, Marie-Hélène, and Brault, Isabelle
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Santé mentale ,Psychiatry ,Prévention ,Rapid review ,Nursing ,Violence ,Organisational model ,Revue rapide des écrits ,Sciences infirmières ,Manager ,Mental health ,Gestionnaire ,Modèle organisationnel ,Interventions ,Psychiatrie - Abstract
La violence des patients est un problème presque quotidien auprès du personnel infirmier œuvrant en milieu hospitalier psychiatrique. Cette violence vécue dans le milieu de travail entraîne non seulement de nombreuses répercussions sur la victime, mais également sur l’organisation et ultimement les patients. Plusieurs facteurs entrent en ligne de compte lorsqu’on enquête sur les circonstances entourant une agression. Pourtant, la mise en place d’interventions qui permettraient de prévenir cette violence demeure inégale dans les milieux de soins faute de directives claires. Au vu des conséquences, les gestionnaires de soins de santé doivent reconnaitre cette problématique et contribuer à implanter des interventions pour la prévenir. Se basant sur les cinq étapes de Dobbins (2017), une revue rapide a été menée dans le but d’identifier des interventions afin de soutenir les gestionnaires dans la prévention de la violence provenant des patients en milieu hospitalier psychiatrique auprès du personnel. Au total, 147 écrits, dont 37 revues de synthèse et 110 articles empiriques ont été retenus pour l’analyse. Le modèle des causes organisationnelles d’accident de Vincent et al. (1998) permet de structurer les résultats en classant les interventions en fonction des sept types de facteur pouvant être impliqués dans un événement accidentel en contexte médical soit : 1) le contexte institutionnel; 2) les facteurs organisationnels et de gestion; 3) les facteurs liés à l’environnement de travail; 4) les facteurs d’équipe; 5) les facteurs individuels; 6) les facteurs liés aux tâches à effectuer; 7) les facteurs liés aux patients. Parmi les interventions les plus recensées dans les écrits, on retrouve des formations auprès du personnel, des salles sensorielles pour les patients, l’utilisation d’outils d’évaluation du risque de violence et la pharmacothérapie. Ainsi, en collaboration avec les équipes de soins et la haute direction, les gestionnaires sont des acteurs clés dans la mise en place d’interventions permettant une prévention proactive et systémique de la violence des patients auprès du personnel au sein des institutions psychiatriques. Toutefois, la sélection des interventions doit se faire en tenant compte de la clientèle desservie et des besoins du personnel. Les gestionnaires doivent donc être sensibles aux facteurs contraignants et facilitants présents dans leur contexte local., Patient violence is an almost daily issue for nurses working in psychiatric hospitals. This violence experienced in the workplace has many repercussions on the victim, the organization, and ultimately on the patients. Several factors come into play when analyzing the circumstances surrounding an attack. However, implementing interventions that prevent this violence remains uneven in healthcare settings due to a lack of clear directives. Given the consequences, health care managers must recognize this problem and contribute to implementing interventions to prevent it. Based on the five steps of Dobbins (2017), a rapid review was conducted to identify interventions to support managers in preventing violence from patients toward staff in psychiatric hospital settings. A total of 147 papers, including 37 reviews and 110 empirical articles, were selected for analysis. The organisational accident model by Vincent et al. (1998) enables to structure the results by classifying the interventions according to the seven factors that may be involved in an accidental event in a medical context: 1) institutional context; 2) organisational and management factors; 3) work environment; 4) team factors; 5) individual factors; 6) task factors; 7) patient characteristics. Among the most documented interventions are staff training, patient sensory rooms, use of violence risk assessment tools, and pharmacotherapy. Thus, in collaboration with the care teams and senior management, managers are critical in implementing interventions that allow proactive and systemic prevention of patient violence endured by staff in psychiatric institutions. However, the selection of interventions must consider the targeted clientele and the needs of the personnel. The manager must be sensitive to the constraining and facilitating factors in their local context.
- Published
- 2023
24. [Complex Trauma and Forensic Mental Health Services: Towards Trauma-informed Care]
- Author
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Laurence, Roy, Nancy, Keays, Ashley, Lemieux, Marianne, Nicole, and Anne G, Crocker
- Subjects
Mental Health Services ,Mental Health ,Adolescent ,Mental Disorders ,Humans ,Forensic Medicine ,Violence - Abstract
Objectives Exposure to repeated traumatic events during childhood and adolescence is associated with high prevalences of mental illness, addictions, physical health conditions, and psychosocial difficulties (Felitti et al., 2019). The most common consequence of exposure to trauma is violence towards self and others (Hughes et al., 2017). The very high prevalence of complex trauma among forensic mental health service users challenges these settings to modify their practices, training approaches, policies, and service delivery approaches. The objective of this article is to contribute to such a transformation of forensic mental health services by clarifying the impacts of complex trauma on the trajectories and experiences of forensic mental health services users, as well as practices responding to complex trauma. Methods We reviewed the published and grey literature on complex trauma among forensic mental health service users. After synthesizing the findings, they were contrasted with our experiences as clinicians and researchers in the field of forensic mental health care through the development of a case vignette. Results We first identify the role of complex trauma and victimization in the development and maintenance of violent behaviours. We describe the negative experiences of services and care settings reported by individuals with complex trauma in the absence of recognition and understanding of traumatic experiences and their impacts. We highlight the fundamental principles of trauma-informed care (trust and transparency; safety; peer support; collaboration and reciprocity; empowerment and choice; sensitivity to gender, cultural and historical differences), as well as the clinical and organizational approaches emerging from those principles. Next, we describe the approaches developed internationally to apply and implement trauma-informed care in forensic mental health setting, and the opportunities and challenges associated with their implementation in the Québec context. Conclusion To date, few studies have documented and evaluated the implementation of trauma-informed care in forensic mental health settings. The literature reviewed in this paper indicates that an in-depth understanding of complex trauma among forensic mental health service users should be at the core of contemporary forensic research, policies and practices.
- Published
- 2022
25. Droit et intelligence artificielle en psychiatrie
- Author
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Mazeau, Laurène and Berrouiguet, Sofian
- Subjects
santé mentale ,information system ,intelligence artificielle (IA) ,responsabilité médicale ,système d’information ,medical liability ,artificial intelligence (AI) ,suicide ,mental health - Abstract
Chaque année, plus de 800 000 personnes meurent par suicide dans le monde. Le développement d’outils de prévention apparaît comme un enjeu majeur de santé publique. Les processus d’intelligence artificielle (IA) pourraient fournir un support efficient à l’aide à la décision en prévention du suicide grâce à l’accès aux données cliniques et à l’interprétation des signaux de risque de passage à l’acte. La législation en vigueur apporte un cadre général sur la protection des droits fondamentaux, celle des patients, ou la sécurité des produits. Toutefois, certaines spécificités de l’IA en compliquent l’application et le contrôle. Or, lorsque des innovations de ruptures revendiquent une partie de la décision médicale, elles convoquent une réflexion sur le plan du droit. Dans un cadre interdisciplinaire, cet article envisage les enjeux juridiques qui accompagnent le déploiement de processus d’IA dans la prévention des risques suicidaires et formule quelques éléments de réponses. Every year more than 800 000 people die from suicide in the world. The development of tools to help prevent suicide, has become a major public health issue. Artificial intelligence processes could provide an effective decision-making tool, through access to clinical data banks and the interpretation of risk signals. Current legislation sets out a general code concerning the protection of patients’ fundamental rights and the security of the tools used. However, some specificities of AI make the application and the control of this legislation more difficult. But when breakthrough innovations claim part of the clinical decision-making, this calls for new considerations in terms of law. In an interdisciplinary environment, this paper will map the legal challenges posed by AI in mental healthcare and suggest directions for resolving them.
- Published
- 2022
26. [Some Key Steps for App Design]
- Author
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Yasser, Khazaal, Stéphane, Potvin, Antoine, Pennou, William, Djomo, François, Borgeat, and Tania, Lecomte
- Subjects
Technology ,Mental Health ,Humans ,Mobile Applications - Abstract
Objective To propose some key steps to facilitate the process of creating mental health smartphone applications (apps). Methods Brief presentation of the potential interest of apps and proposition of key steps for the creation of apps. The paper is based on a narrative review, a testimonial experience and some expert works. Results Apps have ubiquitous features that are particularly appealing for the mental health field. Potentially connected to multiple technologies, mobile and available at all times, they allow great design flexibility. In order to increase the chances of effectiveness and good dissemination of a given app, 9 principles could usefully guide the design of apps, in particular a good integration of end users around well-defined target objectives during the entire process of creating such tools. Conclusion The proposed key steps could facilitate the process of creating mental health apps.
- Published
- 2021
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