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Copyright of Nouvelles Perspectives en Sciences Sociales is the property of Editions Prise de parole and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Along the biographical features, Annie Ernaux evokes in La place the relation with her father. This retrospective story grows around the central events of her life, as the admission to the Capes, her youth, her social condition and her cultural evolution growing up into an obstacle. Thus, the scenes described by Ernaux trace their roots in her socio-cultural success that provokes a "social transfuge," felt like treason. Based on the essential concepts of the social analysis and the discourse elements, this paper underlines the compounds of the "social mobility." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the literature, immigrant entrepreneurs are described as the élite of the best 'integrated' immigrants. Histories of migrant communities all insist on the role of the entrepreneurs as the center of the community and the symbol of social success. In this paper, I will discuss the diverse social meaning attached to being an entrepreneur for an immigrant in Paris during the interwar period. In order to describe the social position of immigrant entrepreneurs, I worked on professional careers, based on the study of more than two hundred applications for French nationality from foreign entrepreneurs during the first half of the twentieth century. It's hard to conclude that there is a one-way social mobility of entrepreneurs, either ascendant or descendent. While some went from the working class to owning a shop, eventually able to spend and save money, others became entrepreneurs as a necessity rather than choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Swiss Journal of Sociology / Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Politique et Sociétés is the property of Politique et Societes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

"This paper presents the case of Uruguay, seen as an emigration country on the basis of the information contained in the Youth National Survey....The results show that one fourth of the persons in the cohorts defined as young plan to live abroad even though not permanently....[We propose] paying more attention to cultural and social mobility aspects in the analysis of international migration, as well as general prospects of life styles that are offered as possibilities to young people in a country like Uruguay in the frame of the economic and cultural globalisation in which the references are those of the developed countries." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA), (excerpt)

The Middle Eastern borders are not only characterized by relations of trust, straddling forms of living, kinship, familial alliance and ethnic affinity but also by transnational flows connecting these borderlands with broader commercial and financial networks across the metropolitan centers. Drawing on an ethnographic fieldwork between early 2011 and mid-2012 in Kilis border town at the Syrian frontier, this paper dwells upon the wealth generation outside the formal state and market channels on the southeastern margins of Turkey. It explores the growth of transnational shadow economy along the southeastern borders of Turkey within the context of import-substituting industrialization (ISI) of 1960-1980 and argues that it foreshadowed the neoliberal trade liberalization. ISI period was characterized by the imposition of strict regulation on the circulation of foreign exchange as well as high import tariffs and quotas in order to provide the favourable conditions for domestic industrialization. From the vantage point of a smuggler-turned-into-businessman and an extended family from rural background moving up among the ranks of urban middle class, the paper approaches the geographical border not only as territorial boundary, but also as the margins of economy and law that the dwellers sought benefiting as a mechanism of upward mobility by manipulating and circumventing them. It demonstrates how border dwellers were incorporated into the redistributive logic of shadow economy, took benefit of the protective measures by reckoning rents to the illegal entry of consumer goods as well as gold and foreign currency and made their living in a border region that lacked opportunities for regular employment and a secure salary within the framework of ISI-based development.

Copyright of Annales de Normandie is the property of Annales de Normandie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although later than other countries, Brazil is experiencing a demographic transition. While urbanization reaches its apex in the country, with 84.3% of its population living in urban areas, ongoing demographic changes are reflected in both birth rates and the age pyramid. Studies show that Brazil is enjoying a demographic “bonus”, i.e., the proportion of working age population has grown at higher rates than the decrease in dependency rates, thus creating a favorable scenario for economic development that should last until 2050. However, in recent years, a significant drop in total fertility rates was observed. It is now at 1.8 children per woman, hence below replacement level, although this average bears notable regional disparities. In this paper, we examine demographic transition in Brazil, based on the case of Rio Grande do Sul, the Brazilian state that undergoes a faster change in age structure, exhibiting the country’s lowest fertility rate – 1.6 children per woman – and the highest proportion of elderly, 9.3%. The approach based on youth is justified for the strategic role they play in the development process, since they will be responsible, in the future, for sustaining this aged population. Recent evaluations of social mobility in Brazil revealed that it has impacted chiefly the rural areas, and also that young people have been its main beneficiaries, since their families have more resources for investing in their education and qualification. The paper is organized into four sections, besides introduction and final remarks. In the first one, we analyze the distinct aspects of demographic transition in Brazil. Secondly, we feature the case of Rio Grande do Sul, where this process is more advanced. The third section, in turn, focuses on Brazilian social mobility and its repercussions on demographic transition. At last, the effects of this phenomenon on rural areas are examined, notably on youth, which have a strategic role in taking advantage of demographic transition and, nevertheless, have a significant segment affected by social inertia.

Copyright of Education et Societes is the property of INRP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Tiers Monde is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Marriage has been studied by anthropologists usually in so-called “traditional” Roma communities. These communities are said to have “successfully” avoided assimilation and the process of proletarianization. According to classical anthropological studies, marriage plays an important role in maintaining the organization of these communities and their “cultural system” (Gay y Blasco 1999; Okely 1996; Sutherland 1976; Tesăr 2012; Williams 2000). Based on longterm ethnographical fieldwork from 2000 to 2013, my paper will discuss the meanings that marriage takes in a Hungarian Romungro community,1 which is highly affected by processes of assimilation and proletarianization. I will point out that although the concept and practice of marriage here are different from those of non-proletarianized communities—for example, the notion of “arranged marriage” does not exist among Romungros—marriage seems to be the most significant institution in the everyday life of the community. The institution of marriage can be interpreted through intersectionality, along with the kinship system and gender relationships, but it should not be separated from ethnic identity, everyday practices of ethnic distinctions, and class position either. Drawing on two case studies, I will show how the institution of marriage relates to the extended family, the Gypsy/Hungarian distinction, and the class positions within this community, and how the process of proletarianization affects the role and concepts of marriage.

Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Autrepart is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mathématiques & Sciences Humaines is the property of Editions du CNRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Societes is the property of De Boeck Universite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on the migrations of French Canadians, with topics including the mobility of the Beaupré family, their origins in Normandy, and their settling in Bas-du-Fleuve. Topics include the movement of the family and their livelihoods, including agricultural and forestry work; and family dynamics and how they aided in the acclimatization of the Beaupré family.

Copyright of Revue Française de Sociologie is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tocqueville Review -- La Revue Tocqueville is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article shows how former French trade unionists (CGT members, a left wing trade union) unexpectedly reached senior ranks of the French public service, during the 1980's, thanks to a specific way - known as the "third way" - of gaining entry into the National School of Administration (ENA). It first describes the social values of those students and then explains how they succeeded in using their know-how and social skills despite the elitist models of the French Administration. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how – in spite of "unsuitable" biographic path and marginal position among the administrative elite – some of them were able to progressively fit with their new role as senior civil servant

Este trabajo analiza la movilidad social en Tucumán durante el periodo 1869-1895, utilizando una metodología que permite comparar niveles de vida de individuos en dos etapas diferentes del ciclo de vida. Los resultados sugieren la presencia de movilidad pero de una magnitud considerablemente menor a la que retratan las visiones impresionistas de estadistas y viajeros de la época y a la sugerida por la historiografía para el caso del Litoral. Creemos que a pesar del gran crecimiento económico experimentado por la provincia a fines del siglo XIX, la mayor presencia de rasgos tradicionales en relación con los modernos, en el espacio provincial, podría haber moderado los beneficios de este proceso. Tanto la singular distribución de las variables educativas como las particularidades de la migración recibida por la provincia constituyen algunos elementos de este rezago.In this paper we try to analyze social mobility in Tucumán during the 18691895 period by using a methodology that enables us to compare living standards from individuals in different life cycle stages. Our results suggest the existence of mobility but in a considerably lower magnitude than the views provided by travelers and statesmen notes and than the image for other regions in the country posed by the researchers. We believe that in spite of the significant economic growth experienced during this period, the stronger presence of traditional features, relative to the modern aspects, could have lessened benefits from this process. The peculiar distribution of educational variables and the fact of receiving mostly native immigration were some elements of this lag.

The object of this paper is to present firstly the migratory and social mobility aspirations initially harboured by Latin American women when they arrived in Spain, taking account of differences of individual character and family backgrounds. In second place it asks what strategies and action choices they have followed to realise these aspirations. It looks chiefly at occupational strategies while referring also to residential and relational strategies and strategies regarding saving, consumption, leisure and free time. Finally, it analyses the social mobility achieved by women immigrants, differentiating between upward mobility, downward mobility and social stasis. The idea is to compare essentially individual plans, strategies and achievements with ones that were family-oriented, highlighting the distinct features differentiating transnational from reunited families.

Through this paper the relations between gender, social mobilizations and sustainability in the context of the Trambioca Island - Barcarena, Para, Brazil -, specially regarding the shrimp (Macrobrachium amazonicum) fisherwomen. The research was oriented by the anthropological methodology of fieldwork and by the photographic production, but strategies were incorporated in a way to allow data production to do an analysis towards the political economy. Fundamentally, it revealed an experience in which fisherwomen end being the highlight in the shrimp production in this Island, who participate in the entire process of production, of transformation of the raw material and of commercialization. In spite of the globalized environmental and economic crisis, such fisherwomen are proposing the raising of shrimp, through which they intend to raise the income. However, in such an organizational process, they perceive that the limits are many and that they need training and technology linked to the raising of shrimp and financing. Consequently, the implications to sustainability appear as many, in special if a possibility of a differentiated economy is to be taken into consideration.

In this paper, we intend to follow the social and political trajectory of the merchant Fernão Gonçalves Façanha who conducted his professional activity in Évora, one of the most important cities of medieval Portugal, in the second half of the 14th century. This is a powerful businessman who held various positions in the municipal administration and in other urban institutions and played a relevant role in the public life of the city. Despite the crisis and the troubles that have marked much of the time in which he lived, Fernão Gonçalves will experience a process of enrichment and social empowerment, which will progressively bring him closer to the leading group. His route is of great historiographical interest, as it constitutes a good example of someone who knew how to take advantage of the opportunities of a context which was largely favorable to mobility and, to start a process of social ascent based on material wealth, but where the relational framework and political options are equally essential.

This paper analyses the current trends and patterns of social mobility and equality of opportunity in Peru. After proposing a class schema, we apply log-multiplicative and log linear models to a new data set of urban workers. We conclude that processes of relative mobility and equality of opportunity have been neutralised over time by the negative economic growth rates, as well as by a lack of change in economic and cultural relations. The resulting class structure in present-day Peru is one that combines significant “short distance” mobility with a lack of relative mobility between socially distant classes. Peruvian medium classes are then broadening at the same time than a huge and enduring polarization between socially-distant classes is still reproducing in the social structure.