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Este artigo presenta un estudo de diversos fraseoloxismos pragmáticos do español e do inglés que, en termos xerais, o falante emprega para expresa-lo seu compromiso respecto da verdade do que enuncia e isto intensifica a forza ilocutiva do seu acto de fala. Perséguese, deste xeito, caracteriza-lo status fraseolóxico destas expresións, o lugar que ocupan na periferia do sistema fraseolóxico e as funcións concretas que desempeñan no discurso, que van dende a expresión do compromiso epistémico ata a manifestación do acordo interactivo intensificado. A análise baséase, de xeito máis específico, na abundante presenza destas unidades nos córpora COLAm (español) e COLT (inglés) da linguaxe xuvenil, no que este tipo de expresións se empregan como fins de especial variedade e expresividade. // This article presents a study of several Spanish and English pragmatic idioms which, in broad terms, are used by speakers to convey their commitment towards what they express and thus serve to intensify the pragmatic/illocutionary value of a given speech act. We aim to define the phraseological status of this set of expressions and the place they occupy within the periphery of phraseology, and analyze their specific discursive functions, which range from the expression of the speaker’s epistemic commitment to the pragmatic intensification of agreement in interaction. Our analysis is based on the abundant presence of these idioms in the COLAm and COLT corpora of Spanish and English teenagers’ language, where they are used with particularly rich and varied expressive purposes.

This paper is part of a wider research project which studies the academic writing of the dental Hispano-American community. It aims to describe and to analyze which hedging strategies are used and for what purpose in 40 dental research papers published in Hispano-American journals (1 Venezuelan, 1 Cuban and 2 Spanish) between 1999 and 2005. The frequency of use of hedges in the different rhetorical sections of the dental papers is analyzed: introduction, method, results, discussion and conclusions. In addition, we compare the use of hedging strategies according to the section, journal and nationality. It was found that impersonal constructions and approximators predominated, followed by shields. However, deictics and the compound hedges reported less frequency. Introduction and discussion were the most heavily hedged sections. Nevertheless, hedges were also registered, mainly impersonal type, in method and results sections. Conclusion was the least hedged section. Shields, deictics and compound hedges were found mainly in the introduction and the discussion sections. On the other hand, approximators, shields and impersonal constructions were used in all the sections. The comparisons of our results show statistically significant differences in the use of hedges according to the rhetorical section, and the nationality; we also found differences between the frequencies of use of the five hedging strategies. Hedging is a very frequent strategy in the dental Hispanic RP; therefore, we propose its formal teaching in the dental academic writing courses.

Collaboration between technical and professional (TP) writers in English as a second language is important for successful communication. This is evident in legal documents in both English and Spanish, where accuracy and clarity are paramount. However, achieving this is challenging because law students often lack effective writing tools, and translation students may lack the required encyclopedic knowledge. The present paper describes a co-designed exchange project between U.S. students in business and law and students of legal translation at a university in Spain. This paper aims to determine potential improvements in students’ encyclopedic and conceptual knowledge of this specialized language and their translation performance after the collaboration intervention. To evaluate these aspects, three textual items were targeted: terminological, nominal and, what we call, substitutional density. Our results indicate that peer collaboration helped Spanish students acquire encyclopedic knowledge in the field and avoid repetitive terms in their translations, leading to greater textual cohesion through the use of general language, synonyms and hypernyms. Other aspects of this peer collaboration as well as follow-up approaches to consolidate the observed effects are needed.

Passive sentences have been traditionally analyzed in French by descriptive studies in the aim of elucidating the use of the auxiliary verbs être and se faire (Tesnière 1988; Le Goffic 1993; Riegel et coll. 1994; Le Bellec 2014). In Spanish, the formally equivalent auxiliary verbs are ser and hacerse but their use is not concurrent since hacerse is semantically restricted to express beneficial actions (e.g., Se hizo masajear la espalda, He had his back massaged). The goal of our paper is to compare –in spoken French and Spanish– the grammatical and lexical means used in the topicalization of non-volitional patients involved in unpleasant actions. Our results showed that French speakers produced 59.3% of passive sentences, whereas Spanish speakers showed a preference to conceptualize the Patient-victim as an accusative within active voice sentences (37.5%). Concerning the passive sentences produced by each group, French speakers showed an overt preference for the auxiliary se faire (78.9%), whereas in Spanish the Patient-victim's topicalization was most frequently marked by a Latin-derived prepositional object complement (58.8%). Our paper indicates that the topicalization of a Patient-victim is a distinctive typological feature between French and Spanish, and suggests the salience of passive-perspective conceptualizations in French for the semantic domain of unpleasant actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate the use of Spanish and Korean reformulation markers against the backdrop of a contrastive / intercultural rhetoric approach (Kaplan, 1966; Hinds, 1987; Clyne, 1994; Connor, 2008, 2011). In order to carry out the analysis, following a line of previous research papers in Murillo (2007, 2012), an empirical study using Spanish and Korean journalistic corpus was performed. The results obtained demonstrate significant disparity between the use of Spanish and Korean RMs when approached from a linguistic-intercultural rhetoric perspective, more specifically as to the use of double reformulation -the repetition of the Korean markers (jeuk… jeuk… / got… got…)-, some particular rhetorical patterns of the Korean marker got, denoting its cultural idiosyncrasy, and the discourse processes, such as ‘definition’, ‘denomination’, and ‘conclusion’, utilizing the selected markers in the two languages.

The fifth in a series of articles comparing modern languages to cultural or practical objects relates Spanish to a grill or grid, rigid and confining. (MSE)

Digression is a discourse function that is identifiable and distinct from other similar functional strategies, and varies cross-linguistically. This paper investigates the way speakers of Spanish and English digress from their main discourse topics and how these transitions are marked. Once digression is defined by the proposal of four features considered to be inherent in this concept, the paper focuses on so-called 'digression formulating phrases', recurrent expressions which make explicit reference to the digression and signal that a new direction with respect to topic is proposed. The paper thus adopts a less common than the usual approach to discourse coherence and digression, whose literature has largely focused on discourse markers. The dataset, extracted from a corpus of parliamentary discourse, is analysed in an attempt to address two research questions. I investigate, first, the frequency and distribution of the selected digression formulating phrases in the two languages, and discern which of the two contexts of digression (i.e. beginnings and ends) is more highly marked, and, second, their use in connection to aspects such as syntactic configuration and position, and co-occurring features of semantic and pragmatic meaning. The contrastive perspective adds precision and richness to the treatment of digression.

Light verb constructions (LVCs) permeate the oral and written productions of native (and nonnative) speakers of typologically different languages (e.g., Indo-European, Afro-Asiatic, and Sino-Tibetan languages, among others). From a cross-linguistic perspective, LVCs share basic combinatory and predicative features. However, semantic and morphosyntactic contrasts are visible even in closely related languages such as Spanish and Italian. Therefore, this paper aims to show some of the most significant asymmetries existing between Peninsular Spanish light verb constructions and their equivalent forms in Italian. The ultimate goal of this research is to highlight some of the systematic contrasts that affect specific semantic classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When we talk about legal Spanish, it is necessary to bear in mind that the Spanish language is the vehicle of different legal systems, not only at an international level, but also within the same country. In this regard, we focus on the particular separation of powers in Spain to deepen the issue of the autonomous communities and the special rights still in effect in some of them (Aragón, Baleares, Cataluña, Galicia, Navarra and País Vasco). The coexistence between the Spanish common civil law and the regional laws (derechos forales) not only generates conflicts in the Spanish civil jurisdiction, but also implies some linguistic peculiarities that affect the horizontal translation of different types of legal texts. After a brief history of the creation and legal evolution of Spanish regional laws (fueros), we will propose a glossary of simple and compound Spanish terms, regarding Family and Inheritance Law. These regional terms are characterized by having partial or zero functional equivalence with the Spanish and Italian common law. The object of analysis is the language of Family Law because it is characterized by a lot of technical terms and it is an area where regional laws interfere more with the common civil law. Therefore, this paper aims to offer some contribution to legal Spanish studies, by exploring the terminology of foral family laws and "the possibility of translating legal realities" (Borja Albi 2005) that don't exist in other legal systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to show the main differences and similarities between the Polish and Spanish subsystem of the forms of greetings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we would like to emphasize the importance of the diversity of elements that are part of the expansion of linguistic influences. We believe that linguistic factors converge with political or sociocultural ones in the evolution of languages. The history of Romanity shows us that the territories where the current official Romance languages have developed had different factors, which contributed to the diversification of vulgar Latin and the formation of new languages. Later, contacts between these languages were maintained, more or less intensive, under the influence of extralinguistic factors. We will focus on the position of French and its role in the formation of the lexicon of the main Romance languages. It is well known that any language, as a result of contacts of various kinds, receives (and provides) a certain number of words, expressions and expressions. This is the case of mutual influences between French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and Romanian. We will deal in particular with two cases, that of Spanish and Romanian. These two languages are opposed as to their position in relation to French: while Spanish is a neighboring language, with deep and uninterrupted contacts, Romanian is the most distant Roman language, but has nevertheless received many influences from French due to a Francophone tradition, in Moldova as well as in Romania. We will try to explain the circumstances and causes of these facts, using examples of loanwords from French. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper advocates the convergence of terminology and lexicography, and illustrates this view by presenting some of the steps taken for incorporating terminological resources and ideas in an online dictionary portal that is being constructed at the University of Valladolid (Spain). This dictionary portal contains several dictionary types, was designed by the same team and is being constructed from the same theoretical perspective, regardless of whether some of the lexical items included are judged "lexicographic", i.e. related to general language expressions, or "terminological", i.e. connected with terms. In addition to dealing with certain basic tenets of dictionary portals, the paper describes an ad-hoc typology of definitions that has been created for two main reasons. Firstly, it makes the process of compilation easier, more uniform, and more readily systematised, thus facilitating the efforts of different people in different places at different times. Secondly, these definitions will feed the Spanish–English Write Assistant, a commercially driven language tool that uses a language module based on statistics and is in the process of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, e.g. machine learning and neural networks, for creating patterns. We have found that precise definitions, similar to terminological (i.e. encyclopaedic) definitions, for most lemmas increase the tool's functions. Such definitions offer a very different picture of current monolingual Spanish and bilingual Spanish–English dictionaries.

Copyright of Synergies Mexique is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traditionally, research papers on fixed expressions emphasize the fact that those sequences are fixed compared to constructions with free components. After one study which was carried out in 2010 through which we were able to prove that a considerable number of verbal fixed expressions in common Peninsular Spanish allow changes in some of their components without causing a change in the meaning and maintaining their fixed state, in this paper we analyze verbal fixed expressions in the Latin American Spanish variety. This analysis allows us to observe the modes of variation in the Latin American Spanish verbal fixed expressions (paradigm, lexic, morphology, grammar) by following the same patterns and syntactic structures as in common Penninsular Spanish which we find in the case of diatopic expressions formed in the verbal fixed expressions of common Penninsular Spanish as well as in new diatopic verbal fixed expressions. The fact that there are so many verbal fixed expressions in the Latin American Spanish variety and also that this number will only increase in the near future reinforces the idea that we should create very complete data bases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lingüística y Literatura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A lot of people decide to leave their homes in search of a job, more favourable living conditions or just safety. Most modern European societies are full of people who were born in other countries but change their place of living in the hope that they will improve their living conditions. Some of them are willing to accept the new culture and system of values but sometimes they find it very hard to assimilate into the host society. The paper intends to compare the attitude of Spanish and Polish students towards people of different ethnic origin. The introductory part of the paper provides a definition of the stranger based on Georg Simmel’s theory. The main part aims at showing young people’s attitude to strangers in the society based on the survey carried out in the group of the 3rd- and 4th-year students of English Philology at Krosno State College and Valladolid University.

This paper investigates the Czech translation counterparts of the Spanish / Italian causative construction with the causative verb hacer / fare + verb. On the basis of two parallel corpora, a typology of Czech equivalents is proposed. In contrast to the general divide between analytic/synthetic translation constructions, the research uncovers a number of various recurrent patterns. The paper shows the quantitative distribution of the defined types of patterns. It demonstrates that between the two opposite poles of expressiving causativity, i.e. through morphological causativization and syntactic causative construction, there are languages, such as Czech, that display a wider range of structural possibilities. Although some types clearly dominate, the overall range of patterns is much larger.

This paper provides evidence of the impact of the Anglo-American culture on Spanish language and society. Societal phenomena such as globalization, migration and the media are observable in every area of Spanish people’s daily life. This study reveals the extent of the popularity of foreign given names, mostly English, in Spanish society. English given names seem to be currently associated with such values as high fashion and social prestige. Study of variables frequency, gender and age reveal that the choice of English first names is becoming very popular. A comparative analysis of English given names in the 1960s and in the 2010s in Spain is carried out. The dataset was collected from the Spanish Institute of Statistics (INE) and the results report that English first names occur quite frequently among people aged 25 years or younger and therefore represent a new tendency. The paper includes discussion of adaptations of some of the examined English names to Spanish.

Copyright of Neologica is the property of Classiques Garnier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion about the use of virtual exchange for the teaching and learning of languages. The project was designed as a Spanish language conversation exchange that connected students via synchronous Zoom sessions. Following a pilot semester that took place in spring 2019, the exchange was then repeated with a new group of students during the spring 2020 term, the same semester during which the COVID-19 pandemic spread throughout the world. The exchange took place over a two-week period and pairs were formed between students enrolled in a graduate level pre-service Spanish language program in Spain and undergraduate intermediate Spanish students in the US. Groups were asked to complete five topic-based conversation sessions. Individual exchange sessions were recorded and transcribed. Exchange participants also completed a survey about their experiences. Findings from the recorded sessions, transcript analysis, and surveys show that the virtual conversation exchange was successful and that difficulties such as technology and scheduling, both recurring issues that have been noted in previous studies of telecollaboration (Helm, 2015), were not significant barriers. Because the virtual exchange took place during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the primary focus of this study was to examine how students utilized the exchange as a way to stay connected during a time of mass disconnection.

The influence that English exerts on different languages has been widely examined. Particularly, many studies that have brought the classification of Anglicisms according to thematic fields into focus have shown that, in relation to various languages and varieties, sports is the area in which Anglicisms seem to appear most frequently (Seidel 2010, Andersen 2011). Considering Spanish, when introducing English names of sports, the two main choices are either to adopt/adapt these foreign names or to calque them into the recipient language. This paper aims to clarify which of these two options has been the most successful one and whether diatopic variation plays a part in this respect. To fulfil this goal, a series of equivalent pairs and their variants are looked up in CORPES XXI, and the statistics provided by this corpus in relation to geographical distribution are analysed. Results show that diatopic variation affects disparity in the frequency of use of the different forms of English ball sports names in Spanish.

This paper presents the characteristics of the intonation of Spanish spoken in Bucaramanga, Colombia, a variety considered as “strong and rude”. Spontaneous, semi-spontaneous and read utterances from four participants were analysed acoustically. After stylisation with MOMEL, the data was tagged according to the Sp_ToBI system, within the Autosegmental-Metrical model. The declarative, interrogative, and exhortative contours were compared with the intonational inventories available for Spanish. The results confirm prior dialectal boundaries based on lexical data and supports the dichotomy between coastal and mountain varieties in the dialects of Spanish spoken in Colombia.

The aim of this paper is to study the self-translation strategies used by the Ibizan writer Antoni Marí, when he translated two of his narrative works into Spanish: El vas de plata / El vaso de plata and El camí de Vincennes / El camino de Vincennes. As will be seen, his ultimate goal as a self-translator is to be faithful to the "spirit" of the two languages he uses, in such a way that it is not detected that the Spanish versions come from an original in Catalan. In this article these changes are analyzed and attention is also paid to the study of the translation of the prose rhythm in the versions of the two texts, since rhythm is one of the manifestations of the «spirit» of languages.

The aim of this paper is to compare the methods of identifying the direct and indirect object in Spanish and Polish. From the author’s point of view, Spanish relies more on semantic methods, while Polish relies more on formal ones, especially those related to the category of case. As the article strives to demonstrate, the two approaches can be significant for the different interpretations of objects in both languages.

This paper presents a critical stance in the face of the technology-enhanced language learning (TELL) hype in higher education (HE). This hype, largely driven by institutional – instrumental and financial – imperatives has come under increasing scrutiny in recent times. Indeed, emerging discourses surrounding the broader context of technology-enhanced learning question the focus on technology-led innovation rather than pedagogy-led innovation as well as a number of scholarly aspects that remain largely undertheorised (cf. Bayne, 2014; Kirkwood & Price, 2013, 2014). In this paper we thus set out to articulate the challenges we face as language educators in the HE context and, in so doing, bring to light the glaring methodological gap that emerges from these. This discussion is complemented by practical examples from ongoing curricular innovation in intermediate Spanish language courses. These practical examples illustrate the pedagogical strategies we have implemented to respond to these challenges critically, but also, creatively. These strategies integrate theoretical principles from cognitive grammar (cf. Llopis-García, 2011) and an affective engagement approach to address specific pedagogical concerns that have emerged in these courses.

This paper questions the widespread agreement on routinization processes, and ‘desemanticization’ in particular, as a precondition to grammaticalization. In usage-based approaches, increase in (type as well as token) frequency is generally considered both the result of and a primary contributor to the process (Bybee 2003: 605). The reasoning is as follows: since a stimulus loses its impact with repetition (habituation), increasing frequency leads to the gradual weakening of semantic force (also bleaching or generalization of meaning) and eventually to a loss of semantic transparency and compositionality, i.e. to semantic change. However, the corpus-based analysis of nine quantifying nouns in Spanish shows that these constructions not only present an irregular frequency pattern, but also undergo grammaticalization without necessarily engaging in the typical routinization processes. This paper frames the grammaticalization of binominal quantifiers in terms of ‘conceptually-driven analogy’ (Delbecque & Verveckken 2014) and while highlighting the crucial role of semantic persistence as a driving force, it shows that it is encyclopedic in scope (thus amplifying Hopper’s (1991) notion of ‘lexical persistence’).

This paper discusses the corpus of Gran Canarian Spanish gathered in 2016 in order to provide an in-depth sociolinguistic account of the lenition processes identified in the dialect. After a detailed description of the methodology and database preparation, I present two case studies showcasing the utility of such corpora. First, I show the phonetic and social factors governing the distribution of different surface variants of the underlying coda /s/, pointing to generalised variation and hence incompleteness of any of the weakening options. Second, I provide a comparison of the spontaneous speech produced by the 6 informants of the corpus with their productions from a laboratory study, which leads to the conclusion that variation is subject to yet another important factor: social setting and that the options chosen on each occasion are reflections of competing stages on the same lenition trajectory systematically applied by language users.