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The article focuses on problematic of the body is a way of snatching the reading of the poems of Miguel Hernández from its sociological heaviness. It mentions people do not make it possible to account for such a radical artistic evolution which is based on the reversal of principles which founded it, the poet passing from an idealistic hold to another of a materialist type.

Copyright of Interventions Économiques is the property of Association d'Economie Politique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Historía da Sociedade e da Cultura is the property of Revista de Historia da Sociedade e da Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article deals with a highly feminized, working class profession, beauticians, in placing it in the economic sector it belongs to: aesthetics-cosmetics. It is however dominated by a cosmetics industry which produces the various substances used in beauty care by both the professionals (beauticians) and consumers. Our first part rapidly sketches the contours of the relations existing between the profession of beautician and the cosmetics industry: the history of this relationship began with the invention, in the early 20th century, of the profession of beautician, as well as the economic and representative structuring of the sector around the distribution channels for cosmetics production the beauticians and their work places formed part of. The next two parts are devoted to how these bonds are incarnated in the beauticians’ work, all in focusing on the place taken by the cosmetic products. On the one hand, the work of sales, and the commercial relations with the brands producing the products used as a part of services, place the beauticians in a relationship of dependence with regard to those brands, and lead to a feeling of disqualification. But the other hand, beauticians may free themselves from the cosmetics industry’s grasp in developing their own cosmetological expertise.

Sociological approaches to translation have been developed on the theoretical basis that translation is an activity that is closely affected by social parametres. Gambier, in his article “Pour une sociotraduction” (2006) stresses that the problem regarding the interrelationship between Translation and Sociology dates back to the establishment of Translation Studies as a scientific field. In addition, Toury (1999) claims that translation is mostly a socio-cultural activity stressing the nature of norms as social categories that are crucial factors in the socialization process of translation. The aim of this paper is to examine the connection between the scientific domain of Translation with Sociology and its impact on the practice of translation. In other words, it intends to offer a framework of reflection on the applications of sociological theories to the translation process and pose basic questions on the nature of translation as “a socially - oriented activity” (Hermans, 1997). Such an approach aims at investigating the implications of the social role of the translator for translator training. At first, the interdisciplinary nature of translation is discussed, mainly in relation to Sociological Studies. Within this framework, some basic sociological theories that had an impact on Translation Studies and the translation phenomenon are briefly analyzed. The research also touches upon the issue of how to integrate the social dimension of translation into translator training programs so that students get sensitized regarding the translator’s role as a “social mediator”. More specifically, some methodological approaches on how to teach the notion of socialization of translation in a translator training program have been suggested. The main conclusion that is drawn is that the social element cannot be regarded as detached from the translation phenomenon. This implies that if we neglect social practices, the branch within Translation Studies called “Sociology of translation” will simply outsource the problem of methodology.

This essay deals with the analysis of the content and the structure of the associative fields of lexemes from the semantic field “politics and society” in Russian and Serbian languages on the material of associative dictionaries. The aim of this study is the reconstruction of the notions of the political changes in the consciousness of both language speakers. The results are set in correlation with the recent sociological studies of the transition in Russian and Serbian society. The analysis we conducted here shows the compatibility of the picture of society due to political changes in the language consciousness of the contemporary speakers of Russian and Serbian language with the findings obtained by sociological methods. The attitude towards the new, transitional society and the values on which it is based is mostly negative, judging by the structure and content of AF of lexemes from the sphere of politics, especially among Serbs, where it is more negative, more emotionally and expressively marked than among Russians. Also, there is greater dissatisfaction with the situation in the country among Serbian respondents, however, nostalgia and reflection about the past can be noticed among speakers of both languages.

In the novel And Their Children After Them, Prix Goncourt 2018, Nicolas Mathieu points out the transmission of behavioral patterns from parents to their children. With his characters and his literary process, he views this phenomenon from an almost sociological standpoint. It would be unthinkable to approach this subject without mentioning Pierre Bourdieu and his analysis of the mechanisms of social reproduction. In doing so, we will therefore use Bourdieu's terminology: habitus, capital, field, illusio, etc. This cross-reading will allow us to see to what extent this bildungsroman illustrates the theory of the famous sociologist. The fact that the author himself refers to Bourdieu further justifies our approach. In the novel, Mathieu draws a portrait of France on the outskirts in the throes of deindustrialisation in the 1990s, with representatives of different social classes as protagonists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Cameroon, behind a press headline, a report, an interview, two main frames of interpretation of the news intersect, which this research highlights: the framing of "mapartism" favourable to linguistic (Anglophone/Francophone), ethnopolitical partisan interests, and the framing of the unified nation, favourable to the emergence of a Cameroonian nation turned towards republican ideals and the causes of national interests. How do these frameworks for interpreting current events appear? And what do they reveal about the functioning of socio-political and power issues in Cameroon? The problem posed here is that of the role of ethnotribal/regional and linguistic (Francophone/English-speaking) identities in the editorial orientation of press events in Cameroon. To answer this question, this study combines the analysis of press discourse and the sociology of the production of journalistic work in Cameroon. It puts into perspective the informative framing of newspapers through the designation of actors and events and their relationship to the devices of which they are the effect. Our corpus is composed of 158 articles taken from 5 Cameroonian newspapers published between 1 January and 30 June 2015 and 15 semi-comprehensive interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nouvelles Pratiques Sociales is the property of Revue Nouvelles Pratiques Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Special psycho-pedagogy is the science of the knowledge of psychic development (psychology (special education) in order to realize the therapeutic education (special pedagogy) adapted to the presence and manifestation of a form of disability. The special psycho-pedagogy of students with mental disabilities studies the problemmultiple of the in-depth knowledge, training and therapeutic education of these students, in the perspective of their gradual recovery and social integration, usually in the usual contexts of their own community. The complexity and interdisciplinarity of special psycho-pedagogy are underlined, for example, in the following definition: “Special psycho-pedagogy is a synthesis science, which uses the complex information provided by medicine (pediatrics, infant neurology, ophthalmology, audiology, orthopedics, hygiene, etc.), psychology (all its branches), pedagogy, sociology, legal sciences, in the dynamic study of the personality of all forms of disability through deficiency and maladaptation.” (Gheorghe, 2000).

Psychological Inflexibility (PI) has emerged as a compelling construct to explain psychological distress (PD). Different processes have been hypothesized to underlie PI, including high experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion, and low committed action. This study explored whether these PI processes significantly contributed to explain PD and life satisfaction in Italian undergraduate students. Participants were 105 undergraduate students with high PD (clinical group) and a control group of 182 students. They completed self-report measures of the PI processes, PD and life satisfaction. The clinical group reported higher levels of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion, and lower levels of committed action than the control group. Inflexibility processes explained 29% to 49% of the variation across all outcome measures in both groups. Findings support PI processes as general risk factors for a poorer emotional adjustment and life satisfaction in college students.

Now, alterity and difference continue to remain a “problem” – and an “emergency” – that upsets and challenges individual and communities on human, political, social, cultural and religious levels. The purpose of this contribution is to highlight how intercultural mediation, as a “structural dimension” of educational action in multicultural contexts, represents a “professional competence” that the educator and the various socio-educational operators are called to acquire. Specifically, referring to a qualitative research conducted on 40 adolescents belonging to the second generation of immigrants, the text intends to highlight the coordinates that, at anthropological, ethical and socio-cultural levels, should characterize the educational competence of intercultural educational mediation.

The article attempts to show the sociological and theoretical difference between distinction and differentiation, between a model of social distinction and a model of social differentiation. To do so, it examines the conceptualization P. Bourdieu developed in his work La distinction. Domination, holism, elitism and objectivism form four cha­racteristics of what we might call a structural conception of distinction. After returning to the sometimes confused uses of the two concepts and to the unjustified extension of distinction to differentiation, the article develops the characteristics of a social differentiation, namely the individual or collective difference permitted and supported by the objects of cultural practice and the affirmation of taste, through public expression of oneself, through an increased capacity for autonomous choice in relation to fa­milial, religious and cultural tutelages and, finally, through civic engagement.

What can we still learn from Hannah Arendt’s political categories and reflections on the public realm in an era that sees the growing spread of populisms? The large critical literature on Arendt’s work has been spreading over the years a sort of standardized vision, according to which Arendt was a nostalgic and anti-modern thinker, whose aim was to rehabilitate the greek polis model against the modern decline of the public sphere, so that very few of her conceptual categories are still useful to understand contemporary phenomena. The purpose of these notes is to offer a different reading of the complex relationship between Arendt and the modern age. With the help of most recent literature – characterised by a more critic approach to her work – it seems possible, quite to the contrary, to draw from Arendt’s thought a deep “modernist” attitude, not just regarding her judgement on modernity, but above all in terms of upto- dateness of some of her suggestions.

I propose to investigate the posthuman idea of non-human agency by creating a contact zone with the thought of the Thirteenth Century philosopher Biagio Pelacani. In a ‘medieval posthumanist’ style, I put in place a creative dialogue with Pelacani on the non-human agency in order to attract critical attention on the relevance, implications, historicity of the posthuman idea of non-human agency. In such a perspective I grasp in Pelacani an idea of material agency that is embodied in a metaphysical-cosmological doctrine according to which there’s an a unique material living animated principle from whose power all that is, including the human with its intellect, is taken from (human spontaneous generation from matter). In this idea of material agency with its attempt to articulate the boundaries of the human within a vibrant matter it therefore seems to me that I can read a significant trigger for the posthuman idea of agency in its implications of destabilizing the notion of human exceptionality.

Barone proposes a theory of war influenced by marginalist theory and Prussian military thought which is critical of historical determinism and includes the belief that the main reason of social evolution is the search for power.

Every scientific endeavor contains a classification. Classifications are influenced as much by the methodological assumptions as the nature of the phenomenon under study, and by the historicity of the mind that sets out these classifications. Classifications for Turkish modernization also contain traces of historical positions, paradigms, ideological positions and relativity that may be involved in most scientific selection and classification processes. In this article, historical sociology, which can be considered as an effort to reconcile the methodological orientations of history and sociology, and alternative perspectives developed within this scientific tradition are introduced. Then, how the experience of Turkish modernization was classified in the context of various perspectives and the contribution of these classifications to the holistic understanding of the modernization experience is problematized. Thus, a framework for guiding social scientists interested in both the sociological examination of the history and the experience of modernization of Turkey has been put forward. This study is also based on the methodological assumptions of historical sociology and has inevitable relativity in terms of resources and readings.

The term of generation is used nowadays at conversational level to define various categories of factors / aspects: from age group, time frame, theory to the degree of kinship and animal kingdom/ regnum. As a consequence, the concept of generation is considered to be a complex term, with no well-known, unitary definition, that sometimes creates confusion in social sciences and humanities. Given the frequency of the use of this term, various scientist (from diverse domains) tried to identify and develop a comprehensive definition, but they have failed to reach a common ground, mostly as a consequence of the fact that in their research they have not taken into account the work of other authors that studied the same topic, but started the research process from the beginning. In sociology, the most iconic figure of the generational theory is considered to be Karl Mannheim, the German sociologist who managed to bring into attention the study of generations as a research subject throughout his work. However, there were also other authors (sociologists or not) who further contributed to the development of the generational theories throughout their research conducted in the years to come after Mannheim’s well-known paper. Therefore, this article aims at identifying the most iconic works that try to develop a definition for the concept of generation and at presenting the results of the research of various scientists in the field of generational theories, by conducting an extensive analysis of the literature review on this subject. Objective: The article aims to identify and map the work and results that have already been conducted and published in the domain of generational theories, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of generation. Therefore, the paper will briefly analyze and present the contributions of various authors (in domains such as sociology, psychology, arts, anthropology, management and so on) to the development of the study field of generations, as a separate sociological problem. Paper selection: Structured research was carried out (based on keywords such as generation, sociology, literature review, generational theory), with no limitations in terms of type, date of publication or language of publication. Search engines that have been used include: Google Scholar, Z-library, Annual Review of Sociology.

French anti-Semitic literature unquestionably does not confine solely to Louis-Ferdinand Celine’s Pamphlets and Honoré de Balzac’s Human Comedy, to name a few. In Algeria, a similar literature can be found in Victor Trenga’s Sur les psychoses chez les juifs d’Algérie (On Psychosis of Algerian Jews); George Meynié’s Les juifs en Algérie (Jews in Algeria), Guy De Maupassant’s Au Soleil etc. However, unlike in France, where this literature targeted the Jew because of so-called ill-gotten wealth, in Algeria it was rather his new status that stood central. The Crémieux Executive Order, which imposed citizenship on Algerian Jews, meant making presumably inferior and disloyal people equal to the superior European. This article draws on this literature and argues that it had been detrimental. It broke the harmony that existed between Arabs/Moslems and Jews; deprived ahl edhimma (protected people) of the protection they enjoyed before colonization; paved the way to declaring them non-citizens and non grata in 1940, and in all probability, stands aloof in the background of contemporary anti-Semitism.

Hikikomori is a condition of severe social withdrawal in which people shut themselves off from society and stay alone in their homes/rooms for at least six months. The first part of this paper reports on how Hikikomori has been widely conceptualized as a clinical (i.e., psychiatric or psychological) condition. From this point of view, temperament, emotional or familiar factors have been often proposed to explain Hikikomori. The second part of this paper focuses on the thesis that Hikikomori mainly depends on historical-cultural circumstances that have prevailed in the Japanese context, and suggests that it may be best conceptualized as a form of social protest (instead of as a psychopathological condition).

Electronic democracy represents a new communication space consisting of a set of tools and technological models aimed at increasing citizens participation in the decision making moments of public action. It supports participation in more properly political democratic processes and the determination of public choices.

The teacher-student relationship represents a complex space to be examined, in which dynamics occur, sometimes suspended and unexpressed, which determine their conduct and often contribute to bringing out inconveniences and deviations that are generated in other places, for example at home. Difficulties that often force students to drop out of school. The teacher’s posture, the relationship he has with the student group, the quality level of his professionalism has a decisive influence on their performance in terms of learning and for the development of their personality. A positive and virtuous model of significant teaching can generate positive effects in the student group in terms of learning motivation, if the teacher will carry out the activities with passion and contagious enthusiasm. The use of a metaphor will help to clarify some dynamics that are revealed in the relationship between teachers and their students. Dynamics that can influence students’ educational success in a positive or negative way.

Term coined in 1974 by French writer Françoise d’Eaubonne, écoféminisme indicates the union of the radical ecological movement and feminism, that is a kind of feminist movement particularly committed to safeguarding nature and the environment. Nowadays, ecofeminism insists on stressing that the kind of logic of power used to justify domination over human beings with reference to gender, ethnicity and class belonging, is used to justify domination over nature as well. The linguistic analysis of the domain of ecofeminism shows the presence of a specialised vocabulary of the movement that occurs in various scientific articles, posters, newspaper articles and interviews on the web. Our purpose is to study and investigate the presence of a real “ecofeminist lexicon” in the French language through a semantic-pragmatic study of the lexemes and terms that concern its movement, structure and founding ideology. With this aim in mind, a linguistic-terminological corpus that may help to understand how feminism can enrich the ecological and environmental perspective through a more complete and conscious consideration of the human being is scrutinised.

Massive immigration waves to Sweden generated noticeable political, social and linguistic changes during the last forty years. Multilingual styles are a result of this incoming mobility. It profoundly characterizes Swedish social life and has since the 1980s attracted linguists, sociologists, critics and media, who have studied and discussed this language form and its implications from different points of view. In this article, I will focus on the different ways in which multi-ethnic linguistic phenomena have been publicly categorised, trying to expose which language ideological problems they bring up to light through languaging language processes. The establishment of this variety has even led some scholars to define it a dialect, a sign that this speech form has reached high diffusion. Therefore, I will try to involve in the article a discussion about why and why not it is possible to define (at present) these forms as a dialect and, as a whole, a youth language.

The article starts from an analysis of S.P. Huntington’s theory of the clash of civilizations and puts in evidence one of its critical points, i.e. the fact that Huntington does not pay any attention to the development by the EU of a particular kind of actorness through the promotion of interregionalism worldwide. Tracing the history of the different phases of success and decline of both theories, the article attempts to test their persistent explanatory and analytical capacity in relation to current developments in the international arena as well as in the academic context.

This essay considers Paul Ricœur’s early notion of cultural memory from 1956-1960. He discusses it in two texts: “What does Humanism Mean?” and the slightly later The Symbolism of Evil. In the former, cultural memory appears as an ongoing and dynamic process of retroaction focussed on questioning and rethinking the meaning of classical antiquity for contemporary worlds, on the one hand, that is linked to an important critical aspect as a counterweight to the flattening effects of modernity, on the other. In the latter, cultural memory expands the reach of the classical heritage, and, in addition to retroaction, further modes of orientation, such as relations of depth and breadth, are delineated. At first glance, cultural memory, in Ricœur’s sense, appears to be embodied in the singular, albeit generalized self. Yet, in reconstructing its meaning, the essay argues that Ricœur’s articulation of cultural memory relies on an implicit collective dimension. The present essay’s hermeneutic reconstruction of Ricœur’s notion of cultural memory comprises a preliminary step of a broader project that aims to rearticulate Jan and Aleida Assmann’s cultural memory framework along social imaginary lines. In this vein, the essay concludes with an overview of the Assmannian approach to cultural memory and considers possible bridges between Ricœur and the Assmanns.

This paper takes issue with once influential accounts regarding the development and current power of the Sociology of work (SoW) in the UK by challenging the mythologies that have arisen in this sub-discipline’s wake. It relies on a sociological analysis of the political, organisational and social forces that have shaped this branch in question, as well as on a comprehensive examination of its broad and complex canon. The approach enables a refutation of previous orthodoxies suggesting that a clearly defined SoW only existed previously in (and emerged from) the narrow confines of Sociology departments - and that a ‘Golden Age’ of SoW research therefore existed in the post-WWII era, one whose demise inexorably led to the sub-discipline’s own decline. These misinterpretations are politically problematic in that they laud an era of research that neglected complex and important questions relating to who holds power; how such power is exercised; and how social inequality is reproduced through work and employment. Critical feedback has revealed that such interpretations of SoW are far too narrow. The paper overturns conventional wisdom about the sub-discipline’s contemporary importance and relevance. Where others have identified decline, it explores SoW’s relationship to power and inequality as well as the scope of its impact - concluding that it has far spread beyond the narrow confines of academia and therefore offers a real opportunity for radical social change.

This NRT Corpus offers a presentation of the sociology of work (SoW) in seven countries other than France. The list includes older European cradles of social sciences such as Germany or the United Kingdom (the Spanish sociology have started much later) along with the United States. Countries often referred to as possessing an “emerging” school - such as Mexico, Argentina and China – are also treated here. Each article has its own way of analysing and critiquing how research objects have been transformed; how issues and paradigms have emerged or disappeared; and how paradigms have dominated or faded. Each also reflects convergences between intellectual currents ­—a circulation of ideas within which the effects of capitalism’s transformations can be read — while also noting the differences between all these branches of sociology.

This NRT Corpus offers a presentation of the sociology of work (SoW) in seven countries other than France. The list includes older European cradles of social sciences such as Germany or the United Kingdom (the Spanish sociology have started much later) along with the United States. Countries often referred to as possessing an “emerging” school - such as Mexico, Argentina and China – are also treated here. Each article has its own way of analysing and critiquing how research objects have been transformed ; how issues and paradigms have emerged or disappeared ; and how paradigms have dominated or faded. Each also reflects convergences between intellectual currents ­—a circulation of ideas within which the effects of capitalism’s transformations can be read — while also noting the differences between all these branches of sociology.

This paper takes issue with previous influential accounts of the evolution and contemporary potency of the Sociology of work (SoW) in the UK by challenging mythologies which have grown up around the trajectory of the sub-discipline. This paper is based on a sociological analysis of the political, organisational and social forces which have shaped the sub-discipline and comprehensive examination of its broad and complex canon. This enables a refutation of previous orthodoxies which suggest that a clearly defined SoW previously existed in, and emerged from, the narrow confines of Sociology departments only, and relatedly, that a ‘Golden Age’ of SoW research existed in the post WW II era and that its ending led to the irrevocable decline of the sub-discipline. These misinterpretations are politically problematic in that they laud an era of research which neglected complex and important questions in relation to who holds power and how that is exercised and in relation to the reproduction of social inequality within work and employment and furthermore, are based on a narrow interpretation of the SoW. This paper overturns conventional wisdom about the contemporary importance and relevance of the sub-discipline: where others have identified decline we explore SoW’s relationship to power and inequality and the spread and breath of its impact and concludes that the spread of discipline beyond the narrow confines of academia offers opportunities for radical social change.

The issue of the energy transition, that can be defined as the transition from the use of fossil fuels (in particular coal) to low-carbon energy resources (such as wind, solar and natural gas), is assuming an increasingly central importance in the public debateand has increasingly become the focus of public concern. Scientifically speaking, the challenge and goal of achieving pursuing a more sustainable and fairer low-carbon energy sector globally has encouraged the proliferation of a series of scientific contributions, in various fields of knowledge. The paper shows the results of a literature review on the topic of energy transition. The review takes into consideration a selection of papers taken from international scientific journals with the aim of mapping at a broader level the research on the topic and the issues that were mainly addressed in the years between 2015 and 2020. With the more specific aim of understanding the role of sociology in the international scientific debate on the energy transition, the paper aims to provide an overview of 1) research fields and disciplines; 2) places of publication; 3) research topics and questions.

A number of research projects in the social sciences have added complexity to the woman/man model. This article examines the genesis and contributions of these approaches, while suggesting a new avenue of research. An abundant literature exists on the intertwining of social relations and on femininity and masculinity types, but it often fails to break down what gender means for each or to question the woman/man divide. Drawing on the sociology of social classes and considering contemporary transformations of the gendered order, this article calls for an understanding of gender as a multidimensional space in which positions are both numerous and composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considered that subject makes no claim to be sociological, narratological or ludological, but is rather in a philosophical tension. Topics include examines that risk of over flight that take responds to a shared question and how does the video game update or complicate a certain form of romance.

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Copyright of Social Psychology / Psihologie Socială is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)